CN102261374B

CN102261374B - Dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing

Info

Publication number: CN102261374B
Application number: CN201110159560.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗立峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-06-15
Filing date: 2011-06-15
Publication date: 2014-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-15
Also published as: CN102261374A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing, which comprises two outer discs and an inner disc in clearance fit, wherein the inner disc is clamped between the two outer discs. Two ends of the outer discs are provided with high-precision planes, and two ends of the inner disc are provided with groove-type patterns. The groove-type patterns are uniformly distributed in an impeller type so as to form a wedge-shaped space between the outer discs and the inner disc. Each groove is formed by extending an inner circle of the inner disc to an outer circle. The groove-type patterns at both ends of the inner disc are arranged symmetrically. The dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing is fixedly arranged on a high-speed rotating shaft through the inner disc, the two outer discs are fixedly arranged on a bearing seat, and the continuously generated dynamic pressure gas can be well kept in the fit clearance of the outer discs and the inner disc under the drive of the high-speed rotating shaft to form an air film required for supporting the axial positioning, namely thrust function of the high-speed rotating shaft, so that the functions of the dynamic pressure gas thrust ceramic bearing with certain stability and load capability are realized.

Description

Dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of bearings, relate in particular to kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing.

Background technique

Bearing can be divided into rolling bearing (use ball or roller), oilless bearing (with lubricity material, rub and move), sliding bearing (using oily), gas bearing and magnetic bearing (utilizing magnetic force to do contactless action).Sliding bearing is divided into again hydrodynamic bearing and hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers, and wherein hydrodynamic bearing is that nationality carrys out supporting axis by relative sliding motion generation oil pressure; Hydrodynamic journal liquid polymers are that the high pressure oil providing through bearing outside carrys out supporting axis.Gas bearing is except being used gas replacement oil, and other operating principles are identical with sliding bearing.Hydrostatic gas-lubricated bearing provides superheated steam from outside; And being relative sliding, hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing moves to produce pressure.

Hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing is to using gas as oiling agent, between axle and bearing, form air film, be the bearing type that all-moving surface does not directly contact with stationary face, and have the plurality of advantages such as pollution-free, frictional loss is low, adaptive temperature scope is wide, smooth running, service time is long, working speed is high.Because frictional loss is few, do not need to use lubricating oil yet, therefore in high speed rotary application, be widely used, be especially conventionally used in the ultra-high speed applications field and the inconvenience that are difficult to support with rolling bearing and use lubricating oil place.

The direction that hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing is pressed bearing load is different, is divided into again kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing, kinetic pressure gas thrust-bearing and dynamic pressure air thrust thrust combination bearing.

Kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing is to form wedge shape space by two working surfaces that relatively move, and when they relatively move, gas is driven because of the viscous effect of himself, and is compressed in wedge gap, produces thus kinetic pressure and bearing load.The gas dynamic pressure thrust bearing of different structure form is due to structural difference, and its working procedure is slightly different.Comparatively common several kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing structural types have at present: watt formula of can inclining, slot type and paillon foil formula.

The three watt thrust hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearings that can incline are hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearings of a kind of function admirable, there is self-regulation performance, can be in less minimum air film interstice coverage trouble free service, insensitive to thermal distortion, resiliently deformable etc., and machining accuracy is easily guaranteed, also the variation of load there is the outstanding advantages of " from motion tracking ".Due to its good stability, bearing capacity is high, is mainly used at present large high-speed rotating machinery and turbomachinery both at home and abroad.But its bearing bush structure more complicated, mounting process is complicated, and more general thrust bearing requires high, thereby has limited its application.

Although paillon foil formula thrust gas bearing has the performances such as yielding support, good stability, but what because foil bearing is general, adopt is tinsel, on its material manufacturing technology and technology, also there are some difficult problems, so the application of foil bearing is also restricted.

Although can incline watt and paillon foil formula kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing stability fine,, processing technology more complicated, practical application at present still has certain difficulty.

Slot type bearing has good stability, even if also there is certain stability under zero load, moreover, under high speed, its static bearing capacity is large compared with the bearing of other form, be used at present on miniature high-speed rotating machinery, as in the precision optical machinery at gyroscope and magnetic drum and so on as bearing.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of have can support high rigidity, reliable performance, the life-span of high speed rotary axle permanent, simple in structure, weight is light and handy and the excellent properties such as low cost of manufacture, and can realize the dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing of industrialization.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technological scheme: a kind of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing, include two outer disks and an inner disc of Spielpassung, wherein inner disc is clipped between two outer disks.The two ends of described outer disk all have high precision plane, the two ends of described inner disc all tool are the slot type decorative pattern that impeller shape evenly lays, makes to form between outer disk and inner disc wedge shape space, every groove extends to cylindrical by the inner circle of inner disc always, and the slot type decorative pattern at inner disc two ends is symmetrical arranged.Dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing is fixedly mounted on high speed rotary axle by inner disc, under the drive of high speed rotary axle, the kinetic pressure gas producing continuously can remain in the matching gap of outer disk and inner disc preferably, forming and supporting the axle axially locating that runs up is the required air film of thrust function, thereby realizes the dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing function with certain stability and load-carrying ability.

Can be preferably, described outer disk and inner disc all adopt carbide ceramics based composites to prepare and process.Carbide ceramics based composites is a kind of stupalith with the wearing and tearing of low cost, convenient and practical, lightweight, excellent anti-wear, the performance such as high temperature resistant, it not only can be applied in novel space flight and aviation motor, also can be widely used in the military fields such as aircraft, cruise missile, antiaircraft missile and intercontinental missile, can also be applied to support the bearing on high speed rotary axle, as high-speed electric expreess locomotive bearing.

On the basis of the above, described two outer disks are all fixed in motor thrust bearing cavity.The matching gap of described inner disc and outer disk is 0.001～0.008mm.

On the basis of the above, the inner circle wall of described inner disc offers three equally distributed grooves, and the inner disc of bearing can be connected with turning axle and be fixedly mounted by key like this, can realize easily bearing dynamic balancing and static balancing simultaneously.

The beneficial effect that adopts the present invention to bring: dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing of the present invention have simple in structure, easy for installation, financial cost is cheap, practical, industrialized implementation is easy.It not only can solve existing three can incline watt thrust hydrodynamic gas-lubricated bearing on bearing bush structure and mounting process, due to too complicated cause as difficult series of problems of realizing of industrialization such as expensive, poor benefits, simultaneously also solve aerodynamic elastic foil thrust bearing on material preparation technology and technology, due to what too much technical barrier caused, as expensive, performance, do not reached the difficult series of problems of realizing of the industrialization such as designing requirement.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the side structure schematic diagram of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing of the present invention.

Embodiment

As Figure 1-4, a kind of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing, includes two outer disks 1 and the inner disc 2 of Spielpassung, and wherein inner disc 2 is clipped between two outer disks 1, and inner disc 2 is 0.001～0.008mm with the matching gap of outer disk 1.The two ends of inner disc 2 are provided with regular shape slot type decorative pattern, this regular shape slot type decorative pattern makes to form wedge shape space between outer disk 1 and inner disc 2, when inner disc 2 is when outer disk 1 is rotated, gas is driven because of the viscous effect of himself, and be compressed in wedge gap, produce kinetic pressure thus and support inner disc 2 and rotate.The slot type decorative pattern at inner disc 2 two ends is symmetrical arranged, and slot type decorative pattern is impeller shape evenly to be laid, and every groove 21 extends to cylindrical by the inner circle of inner disc 2 always.Dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing is fixedly mounted on high speed rotary axle by inner disc 2, two outer disks 1 are fixedly mounted on bearing support, under the drive of high speed rotary axle, the kinetic pressure gas producing continuously can remain in the matching gap of outer disk 1 and inner disc 2 preferably, forming and supporting the axle axially locating that runs up is the required air film of thrust function, air film is as kinetic pressure gas thrust bearing oiling agent, make bearing stable running of high speed under pneumatically supported state, thereby realize the dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing function with certain stability and load-carrying ability.

In order to make dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing possess excellent abrasion resistance, heat-resisting quantity, outer disk 1, inner disc 2, all adopt carbide ceramics based composites to prepare to process.It not only can be applied in novel space flight and aviation motor, also can be widely used in the military fields such as aircraft, cruise missile, antiaircraft missile and intercontinental missile, can also be applied to support the bearing on high speed rotary axle, as high-speed electric expreess locomotive bearing.

The inner circle wall of inner disc 2 offers three equally distributed grooves 22, and bearing inner disc 2 can be connected with turning axle and be fixedly mounted by key like this, can maintain dynamic balancing and the static balancing of bearing simultaneously, makes bearing operation more steady.

Claims

1. a dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing, include two outer disks and an inner disc of Spielpassung, wherein inner disc is clipped between two outer disks, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described outer disk all have high precision plane, the two ends of described inner disc all have and are the slot type decorative pattern that impeller shape evenly lays, makes to form between outer disk and inner disc wedge shape space, every groove extends to cylindrical by the inner circle of inner disc always, and the slot type decorative pattern at inner disc two ends is symmetrical arranged.

2. a kind of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described two outer disks and an inner disc all adopt carbide ceramics based composites to prepare and process.

3. a kind of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the matching gap of described inner disc and outer disk is 0.001～0.008mm.

4. a kind of dynamic pressure air thrust ceramic bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the inner circle wall of described inner disc offers three equally distributed grooves.