Pressure swing absorption method for preparing nitrogen from air
Technical field:
The present invention relates to chemical field pressure swing adsorption air isolation technique, specifically, relate in transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation by adopting along putting and the novel method of the transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation of the flow process of finding time.
Background technology:
By same applicant application, the patent No. is that ZL00113066.8, denomination of invention are that the patent of invention of pressure-changeable gas-adsorption separation method and device discloses a kind of multitower pressure swing adsorption gas separation device and method, each adsorption tower once circulation experience absorption successively, repeatedly pressure equalization fall, along put or reversely put pressure, vacuumize, repeatedly the pressure equalization liter, step such as fill eventually; The evacuation step of each adsorption tower is divided into several stages again; Evacuation step continuously and have partly overlappingly, the quantity that is in the tower of evacuated by synchronization is divided into the group of this quantity with adsorption tower, it is discontinuous to find time in every group.
Above-mentioned patent does not disclose the method for the concrete gas of any preparation.
And the existing pressure swing adsorption air that belongs to the pressure swing adsorption air isolation technique separates and produces the nitrogen device and all adopt absorption, all pressure drops, reverse pressures (or finding time), equal voltage rise, the pressurising step of putting; Wherein a large amount of stripping gass is pressed and evacuation step discharge adsorption bed by reverse putting; Because absorption and the reverse air flow line of putting the maximum steps of 2 airsheds of pressure are in opposite directions, cause sorbent material to move in adsorption bed easily, therefore must adopt special hold-down gear that sorbent material is compressed; The sorbent material hold-down gear of flange form or alternate manner is difficult on the engineering implementing to the adsorption tower manufacturing cost height more than the adsorption tower diameter 2000mm.So pressure swing adsorption air separation is at present produced the unit scale of nitrogen substantially all at single cover 1000Nm
3In/the h; Usually the adsorption cycle of transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation device is all at 60~90 seconds, and the change of air flow line is very frequent, and gas is bigger at the flow velocity of some step simultaneously; To cause the sorbent material efflorescence that rubs mutually if sorbent material moves in adsorption bed, and then to cause that product purity descends, recovery rate descends; Cause valve, line clogging to form potential safety hazard when serious.
Technology contents:
Goal of the invention of the present invention is intended to overcome above-mentioned prior art defective, provide a kind of the employing along putting to separate the method for producing nitrogen, on maximization transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation device, need not adopt the special adsorbent hold-down gear just can avoid that sorbent material is unsteady, the atomizing method with the pressure swing adsorption air of the flow process of finding time; Adopt the equipment cost of this method low and be easy to maximize.
The present invention is achieved its goal of the invention by following technical solution:
Pressure swing adsorption air of the present invention separates in the pressure swing adsorption system that the method for producing nitrogen is applied in two adsorption beds that are filled with carbon molecular sieve adsorbent at least, and the each run of adsorption bed comprises: absorption, all pressure drops, forward put that pressures, adsorption bed nitrogen outlet end are found time, equal voltage rise, pressurising step; Adopted forward to put and pressed finding time of step and adsorption bed nitrogen outlet end, made the air flow line unanimity of in whole adsorption process, passing through adsorption bed; Above step cycle operation.
Pressurized air 0.1~2.0Mpa by on from entering down the adsorption bed that is filled with carbonaceous molecular sieve, oxygen is obtained product nitrogen gas by the carbonaceous molecular sieve selective adsorption from the adsorption bed lower end; Finish adsorption step, open the sequencing valve on adsorption bed lower end and another adsorption bed connecting tube after absorption is finished, make gas enter another adsorption bed and carry out equal voltage drop step by the adsorption bed lower end; After adsorption bed is finished equal voltage drop step, forward put the pressure step, the sequencing valve that open to connect the adsorption bed lower end is put into atmosphere with gas after by pipeline and sourdine, adopts vacuum pump that the adsorption bed of forward putting after the pressure is found time, vacuum pressure is controlled at 0~-the 0.09Mpa scope in; Enter adsorption bed by the gas of the equal pressure drop of another adsorption bed after finding time to finish and carry out equal voltage rise; Utilize pressurized air from adsorption bed upper end or utilize product nitrogen gas adsorption bed to be pressurized to adsorptive pressure simultaneously from the adsorption bed lower end.
Above-mentioned equal voltage drop step is opened the sequencing valve on adsorption bed lower end and another adsorption bed upper end connecting tube, makes gas carry out equal pressure drop by the upper end that the adsorption bed lower end enters another adsorption bed;
Or the sequencing valve on unlatching adsorption bed lower end and another adsorption bed lower end connecting tube, equal pressure drop is carried out in the lower end that makes gas enter another adsorption bed from the adsorption bed lower end.
The present invention compares with existing transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation method, has following evident characteristic.
The present invention has adopted forward to put and has pressed step to replace the contrary of common transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation to stride suddenly, at first make and comprise in absorption and the desorb consistent and be from top to bottom by the air flow line of adsorption bed in whole pressure swing adsorption technique process, make in the adsorption bed movement tendency of sorbent material tightr, thereby realize preventing that sorbent material from becoming flexible the atomizing purpose; Next is that method of the present invention is adsorbed on the nitrogen production by air separation device in fairly large transformation, thereby can replace flange plate type or other sorbent material hold-down gears cost of economizer greatly; And make the maximization transformation adsorb the easier enforcement of nitrogen production by air separation; The 3rd is that the security reliability improves.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 utilizes 1 the transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation device of the present invention along the journey of releasing, its technical process as shown in Figure 1:
Transformation of the present invention absorption nitrogen production by air separation device is made of 2 adsorption towers that are filled with carbon molecular sieve adsorbent and 1 pressurized air surge tank and 1 vacuum tank of 1 product nitrogen gas surge tank and corresponding pipeline and sequencing valve and vacuum pump.The pressurized air of 1.5Mpa enters this device after the cooling driers dehydration, pressurized air enters adsorption bed from top to bottom by sequencing valve KVA-1 behind the air cushioning jar, airborne oxygen is adsorbed the carbonaceous molecular sieve absorption of loading in the bed, product nitrogen gas from the adsorption bed lower end after sequencing valve KVA-2 and pipeline enter the product nitrogen gas surge tank take-off equipment.Close KVA-1 after being adsorbed onto certain hour, the KVA-2 sequencing valve is finished adsorption step, it is 0.73Mpa that unlatching KVA-4 sequencing valve all presses step all to press whole pressure, close sequencing valve KVA-4 after all pressing step to finish, it is 0.05Mpa~0.0Mpa along putting whole pressure that unlatching sequencing valve KVA-3 carries out along strideing rapid, rapid gas is put into atmosphere behind sound damper along strideing, suddenly close sequencing valve KVA-3 along strideing after finishing, opening sequencing valve KVA-5 finds time to close sequencing valve KVA-5 after evacuation step is finished to adsorption bed, open the KVB-4 sequencing valve adsorption bed carries out cutting out sequencing valve KVB-4 after the equal voltage rise of equal voltage rise is finished, open sequencing valve KVA-1 and sequencing valve KVA-2 sequencing valve then and utilize the nitrogen in pressurized air and the product gas surge tank that adsorption bed is carried out the pressurising step.Finish once circulation thus, the above-mentioned working cycle that hockets of two adsorption beds.Can obtain product nitrogen gas continuously.The purity of product nitrogen gas is in 80%~99.9% scope.
Embodiment 2 utilizes 1 the transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation device of the present invention along the journey of releasing, its technical process as shown in Figure 2:
Transformation of the present invention absorption nitrogen production by air separation device is made of 2 adsorption towers that are filled with carbon molecular sieve adsorbent and 1 pressurized air surge tank and 1 vacuum tank of 1 product nitrogen gas surge tank and corresponding pipeline and sequencing valve and vacuum pump.The pressurized air of 1.0Mpa enters this device after the cooling driers dehydration, pressurized air enters adsorption bed from top to bottom by sequencing valve KVA-1 behind the air cushioning jar, airborne oxygen is adsorbed the carbonaceous molecular sieve absorption of loading in the bed, product nitrogen gas from the adsorption bed lower end after sequencing valve KVA-2 and pipeline enter the product nitrogen gas surge tank take-off equipment.Close KVA-1 after being adsorbed onto certain hour, the KVA-2 sequencing valve is finished adsorption step, it is 0.5Mpa that unlatching KVA-4 sequencing valve all presses step all to press whole pressure, close sequencing valve KVA-4 after all pressing step to finish, it is 0.05Mpa~0.0Mpa along putting whole pressure that unlatching sequencing valve KVA-3 carries out along strideing rapid, rapid gas is put into atmosphere behind sound damper along strideing, suddenly close sequencing valve KVA-3 along strideing after finishing, opening sequencing valve KVA-5 finds time to close sequencing valve KVA-5 after evacuation step is finished to adsorption bed, open the KVB-4 sequencing valve adsorption bed carries out cutting out sequencing valve KVB-4 after the equal voltage rise of equal voltage rise is finished, open sequencing valve KVA-1 then and utilize pressurized air that adsorption bed is carried out the pressurising step.Finish once circulation thus, the above-mentioned working cycle that hockets of two adsorption beds.Can obtain product nitrogen gas continuously.The purity of product nitrogen gas is in 80%~99.9% scope.
Embodiment 3: utilize 1 the transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation device of the present invention along the journey of releasing, its technical process as shown in Figure 3:
Transformation of the present invention absorption nitrogen production by air separation device is made of 2 adsorption towers that are filled with carbon molecular sieve adsorbent and 1 pressurized air surge tank and 1 vacuum tank of 1 product nitrogen gas surge tank and corresponding pipeline and sequencing valve and vacuum pump.The pressurized air of 0.6Mpa enters this device after the cooling driers dehydration, pressurized air enters adsorption bed from top to bottom by sequencing valve KVA-1 behind the air cushioning jar, airborne oxygen is adsorbed the carbonaceous molecular sieve absorption of loading in the bed, product nitrogen gas from the adsorption bed lower end after sequencing valve KVA-2 and pipeline enter the product nitrogen gas surge tank take-off equipment.Close KVA-1 after being adsorbed onto certain hour, the KVA-2 sequencing valve is finished adsorption step, it is 0.28Mpa that unlatching KV-4 sequencing valve all presses step all to press whole pressure, close sequencing valve KV-4 after all pressing step to finish, it is 0.05Mpa~0.0Mpa along putting whole pressure that unlatching sequencing valve KVA-3 carries out along strideing rapid, rapid gas is put into atmosphere behind sound damper along strideing, suddenly close sequencing valve KVA-3 along strideing after finishing, opening sequencing valve KVA-5 finds time to close sequencing valve KVA-5 after evacuation step is finished to adsorption bed, open the KV-4 sequencing valve adsorption bed carries out cutting out sequencing valve KV-4 after the equal voltage rise of equal voltage rise is finished, open sequencing valve KVA-1 and sequencing valve KVA-2 sequencing valve then and utilize the nitrogen in pressurized air and the product gas surge tank that adsorption bed is carried out the pressurising step.Finish once circulation thus, the above-mentioned working cycle that hockets of two adsorption beds.Can obtain product nitrogen gas continuously.The purity of product nitrogen gas is in 80%~99.9% scope.
Embodiment 4 utilizes 1 the transformation absorption nitrogen production by air separation device of the present invention along the journey of releasing, its technical process as shown in Figure 4:
Transformation of the present invention absorption nitrogen production by air separation device is made of 2 adsorption towers that are filled with carbon molecular sieve adsorbent and 1 pressurized air surge tank and 1 vacuum tank of 1 product nitrogen gas surge tank and corresponding pipeline and sequencing valve and vacuum pump.The pressurized air of 0.2Mpa enters this device after the cooling driers dehydration, pressurized air enters adsorption bed from top to bottom by sequencing valve KVA-1 behind the air cushioning jar, airborne oxygen is adsorbed the carbonaceous molecular sieve absorption of loading in the bed, product nitrogen gas from the adsorption bed lower end after sequencing valve KVA-2 and pipeline enter the product nitrogen gas surge tank take-off equipment.Close KVA-1 after being adsorbed onto certain hour, the KVA-2 sequencing valve is finished adsorption step, it is 0.075Mpa that unlatching KV-4 sequencing valve all presses step all to press whole pressure, close sequencing valve KV-4 after all pressing step to finish, it is 0.05Mpa~0.0Mpa along putting whole pressure that unlatching sequencing valve KVA-3 carries out along strideing rapid, rapid gas is put into atmosphere behind sound damper along strideing, suddenly close sequencing valve KVA-3 along strideing after finishing, opening sequencing valve KVA-5 finds time to close sequencing valve KVA-5 after evacuation step is finished to adsorption bed, open the KV-4 sequencing valve adsorption bed carries out cutting out sequencing valve KV-4 after the equal voltage rise of equal voltage rise is finished, open sequencing valve KVA-1 then and utilize pressurized air that adsorption bed is carried out the pressurising step.Finish once circulation thus, the above-mentioned working cycle that hockets of two adsorption beds.Can obtain product nitrogen gas continuously.The purity of product nitrogen gas is in 80%~99.9% scope.