CN1063095C - Six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology - Google Patents

Six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology Download PDF

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CN1063095C
CN1063095C CN96117496A CN96117496A CN1063095C CN 1063095 C CN1063095 C CN 1063095C CN 96117496 A CN96117496 A CN 96117496A CN 96117496 A CN96117496 A CN 96117496A CN 1063095 C CN1063095 C CN 1063095C
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CN1160598A (en
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杨皓
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
    • B01D53/0476—Vacuum pressure swing adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/406—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using more than four beds
    • B01D2259/4062—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using more than four beds using six beds

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a technology for separating and purifying gas from a gas mixture. Purified gas is obtained by selectively adsorbing and separating the gas with an adsorption agent. The system comprises six solid adsorption towers and n hollow adsorption towers, wherein n is an integral number larger than 0; the circular and continuous operation sequence of the solid adsorption towers comprises equalizing pressure reduction for n times, forward pressure release, vacuum pumping, equalizing pressure boosting for n times and final pressure boosting. Pressure is equalized among the solid adsorption towers and the hollow adsorption towers. The present invention has the characteristics of double-tower material charging, continuous vacuum pumping and continuous final pressure boosting.

Description

Six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology
The present invention relates to the separation method of gas, particularly the pressure swing adsorption technique of separation and purified gases from admixture of gas.
The pressure swing adsorption technique of existing separation and purified gases adopts four tower adsorption systems usually, and the adsorption tower of four filling adsorbents is arranged, and adsorption tower is connected, closed to computer control program-controlled valve, follow procedure.Admixture of gas is sent into from the adsorption tower charging aperture, under adsorptive pressure, optionally adsorbed gas of adsorbent in the tower makes the gas that is not adsorbed become purified gas, is sent to extraneous stand-by through surge tank, adsorption tower decompression subsequently, make the adsorbate desorption, its high pressure desorption gas is emitted through blow-down pipe, and the low pressure stripping gas is extracted the blank pipe that veers away through vacuum tank out with vavuum pump and discharged, behind the adsorbent reactivation, adsorption tower boosts, charging.The cycling of each adsorption tower in proper order for the balanced step-down (1L) of absorption (A), one-level, the balanced step-down (2L) of secondary, reversely put pressure (L), find time (U1), find time (U2), two extremely equilibrium boost (2H), isolate that (IS), one-level equilibrium are boosted (1H), (FH) finally boosts.Above-mentioned step-down and the program of boosting are directly all pressing of carrying out between adsorption tower and adsorption tower.The equal compression technology of four tower secondaries that is constituted, the operation sequence such as the following table 1 of its A, B, C, D four towers.
Table 1
There is following major defect in the equal compression technology of existing four tower secondaries:
One, system all presses number of times few, the abundant available gas of dead space in the recovery tower, and the rate of recovery is lower.
Two, finally boost discontinuously, purified gas output flow fluctuation is big, and surge tank need be set.
Three, the vacuum draw process is discontinuous, vavuum pump ineffective power consumption height.
Four, occur the isolation program that is difficult to remove in the programming, adsorbent stops absorption or regeneration in this program, makes it cause waste.
Given this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of operation sequence to simplify, can fully reclaim available gas, energy consumption is lower, the six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology that equipment investment is lower.
Six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology of the present invention, in pressure swing adsorption system, with the adsorbent gas in the adsorption seperation of gas mixer optionally, obtain purified gas, above-mentioned pressure swing adsorption system has six of the cycling solid adsorption tower (A that are filled with adsorbent, B, C, D, E, F), with n hollow adsorption tower (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5), said n is the integer greater than 0, the order of the circulation continued operation of above-mentioned each solid adsorption tower is, absorption (A), n balanced step-down (nL), forward put pressure (L), vacuumize (U), n equilibrium boost (nR), finally boost (FR), above-mentioned all being pressed between solid adsorption tower and hollow adsorption tower carried out.
The operation sequence of above-mentioned six solid adsorption towers can be as table 2.
Table 2
Figure 9611749600051
Figure 9611749600061
The operation sequence of above-mentioned six solid adsorption towers also can be as table 3.
Table 3
Said n can be any positive integer in 5～18.
The present invention compared with the prior art has following significant advantage and obvious effects.
One, the equilibrium of system is boosted and step-down, carries out between solid adsorption tower and hollow adsorption tower, is a kind ofly all to press indirectly.It all presses frequency n, depends on the quantity n of hollow adsorption tower.Therefore, the n value is any apparatus as required, thereby can fully reclaim the available gas of dead space in the solid adsorption tower, improves the available gas rate of recovery.The n value is big more, and the available gas rate of recovery is high more.In addition, this system-wide program composition of all pressing indirectly is also comparatively simple.
Two, finally boosting of each solid adsorption tower carried out continuously, therefore purified gas surge tank in the prior art need be set, thereby can make system equipment weight reduce about 15%.Secondly finally boost and also eliminated the isolation program in the technology continuously, thereby can improve the utilization rate of adsorbent, can make the consumption of adsorbent reduce about 20%.Above-mentioned two saving can make system's gross investment reduce by 15～20%.Moreover, finally boost and carry out continuously, make throughput stable, therefore, per moment is returned the purified gas physical efficiency steady flow of hollow adsorption tower, and the output flow that can make system send product gas is limited within the raw gas flow fluctuation range of the system of sending into.
Three, vacuumize continuously and carry out, eliminated the ineffective power consumption when vavuum pump is not found time to solid adsorption tower, thereby it is about 20% that the total system energy consumption is reduced, and save the vacuum buffer tank in original technology.
Four, this technology can realize the double tower charging, improves gas recovery ratio, also can close system half when needs are kept to the operation of half lotus, adopts single tower charging, and equal available gas yield is arranged in the time of still can guaranteeing to work with six towers.
Five, pressure equalizing carries out between solid adsorption tower and hollow adsorption tower, and each tower work independence is strong, safeguards, when changing local devices, does not need total system out of service when needs, can adopt decrement to produce normal operation.
Below, the invention will be further described to use embodiment again
Embodiment 1
A kind of six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology of the present invention is a unstripped gas with conversion gas, removes carbon dioxide, reclaims purified gas.
The component of unstripped gas and content thereof (Vol): H 248%, CO 228%, CO1.5%, N 221%, O 2+ CH 4+ Ar 1.5%, H 2O is saturated.Raw gas pressure 0.8MPa, 28 ℃ of temperature.Feeding flow 7000Nm 3/ h.
The pressure swing adsorption system flow process has 6 solid adsorption tower A towers, B tower, C tower, D tower, E tower, F tower and 5 hollow adsorption tower G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, i.e. n=1,2,3,4,5 as shown in Figure 1.Connect each tower with pipeline and sequencing valve wherein and constitute six tower pressure swing adsorption systems.In the solid adsorption tower, solid mixed adsorbents such as filling activated alumina, synthetic zeolite, active carbon, silica gel, diatomite and molecular sieve.
When system moves, adopt computer programming, control makes the procedure operation operation of system by table 2 automatically.Each solid adsorption tower is identical with each hollow adsorption tower running in the system.It is as follows to be with A tower operation running that example describes its pressure-swing absorption process in detail.
1, absorption A:
Unstripped gas enters A tower bed from feed pipe 1 and flows CO wherein from bottom to top through removing mechanical water 2And H 2O is adsorbed agent absorption, the H that is not adsorbed under adsorptive pressure 2, N 2, CO and CH 4Export through discharge nozzle etc. component (being called purified gas).After adsorbents adsorb is saturated, i.e. CO 2Absorption forward position when arriving a certain position of adsorption tower, unstripped gas stops to import the A tower, enters other solid adsorption tower and switch, and carries out and A tower identical operations.Pressure when keeping absorption in the A tower bed.
2, balanced step-down 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L
After A tower adsorption step stops, carrying out balanced step-down with 5 hollow adsorption towers successively, at first, the A tower port of export is communicated with the import of G1 tower, dead space gas (H in the A tower 2, N 2, CO, CH 4Deng) flow into the G1 tower by the A tower port of export.When this step finished, A, G1 two pressure towers reached balance substantially, and at this moment, the balanced step-down 1L of one-level step finishes CO in the A tower 2The absorption forward position has pushed away preceding to a certain position, but does not reach the port of export.This step reclaimed A tower dead space (mean adsorption tower remove adsorbent outer have living space) the part component, subsequently, cut off the G1 tower, be communicated with A and G2 tower, carry out cutting off the G2 tower behind the balanced step-down 2L of secondary, with A tower and G3 tower, G4 tower, G5 tower, carry out three grades so successively, level Four, the balanced step-down 3L of Pyatyi, 4L, 5L.After balanced step-down finished, the A pressure tower was reduced to about 0.12MPa.CO in the A tower 2The absorption forward position just arrives the A tower port of export, and adsorbent is fully utilized in the A tower.
3, forward put pressure L:
After the balanced step-down of A tower finishes, make last forward emptying of gas in the tower, the carbon dioxide desorption that major part is adsorbed in this process come out, put into atmosphere through blow-down pipe 3, adsorbent has obtained to a certain degree regeneration.A tower internal pressure is near the about 0.02MPa of normal pressure.
4, vacuumize U
After forward putting the pressure end, the A tower is communicated with vavuum pump, the CO of absorption in the A tower 2And H 2Impurity components such as O are drawn out of through evacuation tube 4 and evacuation tube 5, make the gas that adsorbs in the adsorbent try one's best desorb and further regenerated.
5, boost 1R, 2R, 3R, 4R, 5R of equilibrium
After the A tower is found time, all press with 5 hollow adsorption towers successively, at first A tower outlet is communicated with the G5 tower port of export, the G5 tower height body of calming the anger enters the A tower, and the A tower is carried out pressurising.After this step finished, the A tower equated substantially with the G5 pressure tower, and cut-out G5 finishes the Pyatyi equilibrium 5R that boosts.The A tower is communicated with G4, G3, G2, G1 tower successively all and presses subsequently, carries out level Four, three grades, secondary, one-level equilibrium boost 4R, 3R, 2R, 1R.After equilibrium was boosted and finished, A tower internal pressure reached about 0.57MPa.
6, the FR that finally boosts
The equilibrium of A tower experience is boosted after the step, and the tower internal pressure does not reach the operating pressure of adsorption step, utilizes the purified gas of other tower output that is in adsorption step that the A tower is finally boosted, till the A column foot originally reaches adsorptive pressure 0.8MPa.So far, A tower each step in once circulating is all over, and and then just circulates next time.
The operating procedure of other five solid adsorption tower B towers, C tower, D tower, E tower, F tower is identical with the A tower, just staggers mutually in time.
Five equal compression technologies of six towers of present embodiment, adsorption time is 15 a minutes/tower, and the pumpdown time is 15 a minutes/tower, and be 7.5 minutes/tower final pressure rising time.The operation characteristic of system is that two towers adsorb simultaneously, and two towers vacuumize simultaneously, and single tower finally boosts, and single tower step-down is put and pressed or boost.
Adopt above-mentioned technology, remove carbon dioxide after, carbon dioxide content is lower than 0.2Vol% in the purified gas.
Its gas effective ingredient yield, consumption indicators, system's construction investment are compared as table 4 with existing four tower process.
Table 4
Gas effective ingredient yield Vol% The consumption indicators that separates the 1000Nm3/h unstripped gas System's construction investment (RMB)
H 2 N 2 CO Industrial colling Power consumption
Six tower process 98 82 93 0.65T 8KWh 2,650,000 yuan
Four tower process 96 82 85 0.8T 12KWh 3,050,000 yuan
Native system is provided with two evacuation tube 4 and 5, can be kept to the operation of half lotus, promptly closes A, B, C tower or closes D, E, F tower, and adopt three towers operation operation.
Embodiment 2
Another kind of six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology of the present invention is a unstripped gas with conversion gas, removes water and hydrogen sulfide and other sulphur component.
Unstripped gas component and content thereof (VOl): H 248%, CO 225%, CO 1.5%, N 221%, CH 4+ O 2+ Ar 1.5%, H 2O is saturated, total S250mg.Raw gas pressure 0.3MPa, 40 ℃ of temperature, flow 7000Nm 3/ h.
The pressure swing adsorption system flow process also has 6 solid adsorption towers and 5 hollow adsorption towers as shown in Figure 2, that is, and and n=1,2,3,4,5.The common special-purpose adsorbent of dehydration, desulfurization of filling in solid adsorption tower.
The program of table 3 is pressed by system, with the operation of computer programming operation.Unstripped gas removes mechanical water after feed pipe 1 is sent into solid adsorption tower, the air-flow solid adsorption tower of flowing through from bottom to top, and other compound of water wherein and hydrogen sulfide and sulphur is adsorbed agent and adsorbs in a large number, only has trace hydrogen sulfide and water to discharge.Its technical process is similar to embodiment 1.
Five equal compression technologies of these six towers, adsorption time is 15 a minutes/tower, and the pumpdown time is 7.5 a minutes/tower, and be 15 minutes/tower final pressure rising time.The operation characteristic of system is that two towers adsorb simultaneously, and single tower is found time, and double tower finally boosts, single tower step-down, emptying or boost.
Adopt this technology, remove water and hydrogen sulfide and and the sulfide component after, dew point≤-40 ℃, the sulfur-bearing total amount is less than 0.1PPm.The yield of its gas effective ingredient, consumption indicators, system's construction investment are with the comparison such as the table 5 of existing four tower process.
Table 5
Gas effective ingredient yield Vol% The consumption indicators that separates the 1000Nm3/h unstripped gas System's construction investment (RMB)
H 2　N 2 CO 2+CH 4+O 2+Ar+CO Industrial colling Power consumption
Six tower process 99.6％ 97.4％ 0.19T 3.2kwh 1,400,000 yuan
Four tower process 98.9％ 96.6％ 0.25T 5kwh 1,850,000 yuan

Claims (4)

1, six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology, in pressure swing adsorption system, with the adsorbent gas in the adsorption seperation of gas mixer optionally, obtain purified gas, it is characterized in that described pressure swing adsorption system has six of the cycling solid adsorption tower (A that are filled with adsorbent, B, C, D, E) and n hollow adsorption tower (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5), said n is more than or equal to 5, the circulation continued operation of above-mentioned each solid adsorption tower is in proper order, absorption (A), n balanced step-down (nL), forward put pressure (L), vacuumize (U), n equilibrium boost (nR), finally boost (FR), above-mentioned all being pressed between solid adsorption tower and the hollow adsorption tower carried out.
2, six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the operating sequence of said six solid adsorption towers is,
Figure 9611749600021
3, six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the operation sequence of said 6 solid adsorption towers is,
Figure 9611749600022
4, as claim 1,2,3 described six-tower vacuum gas separation method by pressure swing adsorption, it is characterized in that said n=5～18.
CN96117496A 1996-03-22 1996-03-22 Six-tower vacuum adsorption gas separating technology Expired - Fee Related CN1063095C (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU9619098A (en) * 1997-10-24 1999-05-17 Hao Yang Pressure swing adsorption process for separation of gas
CN100363086C (en) * 2004-11-22 2008-01-23 四川天一科技股份有限公司 Pressure swing absorption method for preparing nitrogen from air
CN100400140C (en) * 2004-11-22 2008-07-09 四川天一科技股份有限公司 Pressure swing absorption method for preparing nitrogen from air
CN102921271B (en) * 2012-11-07 2015-04-29 四川天一科技股份有限公司 Improved process for recovering non-methane alkane in polyolefin tail gas by adsorption method
CN108996476A (en) * 2018-08-21 2018-12-14 威海东兴电子有限公司 Six tower method for producing oxygen through
CN109821347A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-31 成都赛普瑞兴科技有限公司 A kind of device and method of adsorption seperation of gas
CN110860184B (en) * 2019-12-06 2022-07-12 马光俊 Vacuum pressure swing adsorption system operating under constant pressure and process thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3986849A (en) * 1975-11-07 1976-10-19 Union Carbide Corporation Selective adsorption process
CN1069708A (en) * 1991-08-24 1993-03-10 化学工业部西南化工研究院 Pressure swing adsorption process for removing carbon dioxide from ammonia plant shift gas
CN1156637A (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-08-13 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 Optimal pressure swing adsorption refluxing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3986849A (en) * 1975-11-07 1976-10-19 Union Carbide Corporation Selective adsorption process
CN1069708A (en) * 1991-08-24 1993-03-10 化学工业部西南化工研究院 Pressure swing adsorption process for removing carbon dioxide from ammonia plant shift gas
CN1156637A (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-08-13 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 Optimal pressure swing adsorption refluxing

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