CN104058371A - Pressure swing adsorption gas production system and pressure swing adsorption gas production method - Google Patents
Pressure swing adsorption gas production system and pressure swing adsorption gas production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104058371A CN104058371A CN201410322588.2A CN201410322588A CN104058371A CN 104058371 A CN104058371 A CN 104058371A CN 201410322588 A CN201410322588 A CN 201410322588A CN 104058371 A CN104058371 A CN 104058371A
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Abstract
The application provides a pressure swing adsorption gas production system comprising a gas supply device, a blower, a first adsorption device, a vacuum pump and a second adsorption device, wherein the gas supply device is used for providing raw material air; the blower is connected with the air supply device; the air inlet of the first adsorption device is connected with the blower by virtue of a first air inlet valve, and the first adsorption device is provided with a first product gas outlet and a vacuum-pumping gas opening; the vacuum pump is connected with the vacuum-pumping gas opening of the first adsorption device by virtue of a vacuum-pumping valve; the air inlet of the second adsorption device is connected with the vacuum pump by virtue of a second air inlet valve, and the second adsorption device is provided with a second product gas outlet. Correspondingly, the application also provides a pressure swing adsorption gas production method. According to the pressure swing adsorption gas production system and the pressure swing adsorption gas production method provided by the application, the blower of a nitrogen production part is replaced by the vacuum pump of an oxygen production part, and meanwhile nitrogen-enriched waste gas of the oxygen production part is utilized, so that oxygen and nitrogen can be produced at the same time, and the economic benefits can be increased; the pressure swing adsorption gas production system and the pressure swing adsorption gas production method have the characteristics of low equipment investment, energy consumption conservation, environmental friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to pressure swing adsorption field, particularly a kind of pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed and method thereof.
Background technology
Air separation is called for short empty point, is the difference of utilizing each component physical properties in air, adopts the methods such as deep refrigeration, absorption and membrane sepn, isolates the process of oxygen, nitrogen or rare gas from air.Wherein, the application of air separation adsorption unit is increasingly extensive.Pressure-variable adsorption (Pressure SwingAbsorption is called for short PSA) is the method that pressurization and decompression combine, and it adopts the absorption-desorption system being made up of pressurization absorption, decompression desorb conventionally.Concrete, the in the situation that of isothermal, utilize pressurization absorption and decompression desorb to be combined into adsorption operations working cycle.In pressure process, special sorbent material increases along with the rising of pressure the adsorptive capacity of adsorbate in air, and reduces along with the reduction of pressure, simultaneously in decompression process, emit the gas being adsorbed, make adsorbent reactivation, the external world just can carry out the regeneration of sorbent material without supplying with heat.
Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption (Vacuum Pressure Swing Absorption is called for short VPSA) belongs to pressure-variable adsorption, is to utilize the method vacuumizing, and reduces the dividing potential drop that is adsorbed component, and the component being adsorbed is desorbed under negative pressure.Industrial, VPSA oxygen or nitrogen processed are to utilize VPSA dedicated molecular sieve used, the impurity such as the airborne oxygen of selective adsorption or nitrogen, carbonic acid gas and water, under the condition vacuumizing, described molecular sieve is carried out to desorb, thereby circulation makes oxygen or the nitrogen of purity higher (purity is 90%～95%).Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing VPSA gas system processed, and wherein, 1 is air feeder, and 2 is gas blower, and 3 is the first adsorption tower, and 4 is the second adsorption tower, and 5 is vacuum pump.Taking VPSA oxygen as example, gas system processed is mainly by air feeder 1, gas blower 2, vacuum pump 5, the first adsorption tower 3, the second adsorption tower 4, the compositions such as oxygen equilibrium tank (not showing in Fig. 1) and each switching valve, making oxygen comprises: air feeder 1 air of supplying raw materials, raw air is removed after dust granule through suction port strainer, be pressurized to 0.03MPa～0.05MPa by gas blower 2, enter in the first adsorption tower 3, in adsorption tower, be filled with sorbent material, moisture in raw air, carbonic acid gas and on a small quantity other gaseous fractions are loaded in the activated alumina of bottom and adsorb in adsorption tower ingress, nitrogen is loaded in the zeolite molecular sieve on activated alumina top and adsorbs subsequently, and oxygen (comprising argon gas) is non-absorbed component, be discharged to oxygen equilibrium tank from the first adsorption tower 3 top exits as gas product.When the first adsorption tower 3 is adsorbed onto to a certain degree, the state that will reach capacity of sorbent material wherein, now, utilize vacuum pump 5 it is carried out and adsorb vacuumizing of opposite direction by switching valve, vacuum tightness is 0.35barg～0.75barg, the moisture that adsorbed, carbonic acid gas, nitrogen and on a small quantity other gaseous fractions are drawn out of and drain into atmosphere, and sorbent material is regenerated.The first adsorption tower 3 of VPSA and the second adsorption tower 4 are all alternately carried out the processing step of Adsorption and desorption, and these two basic processing steps are realized automatic control by computer-controlled switching valve group.
Pressure swing adsorption is widely used at aspects such as oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, national defence, medical treatment and environment protection, and compared with other gas separations, pressure swing adsorption has the following advantages:
1. less energy-consumption.The applicable pressure range of pressure swing adsorption technique is wider, and some have pressurized air source can save the energy consumption of pressurization again; Pressure-variable adsorption operates at normal temperatures, can save heating or cooling energy consumption.
2. product purity is higher, and can flexible.As the product purity of omnibus control system can reach 95.4%, and can, according to the variation of processing condition, in a big way, regulate arbitrarily product oxygen purity.
3. technical process is simple, can realize the separation of multiple gases, the impurity such as water, sulfide, ammonia and hydro carbons is had to stronger ability to bear, without complicated pretreatment process.
4. install by computer control, level of automation is high, easy to operate, can realize unattended operation.
5. install regulating power strong, turndown ratio is large.Pressure-swing absorption apparatus regulates just can change a little produces load, and while producing under different load, quality product can remain unchanged, and only the rate of recovery slightly changes.Pressure-swing absorption apparatus also has very strong adaptive faculty to the change of the conditions such as impurities in feed gas content and pressure, and regulation range is very wide.
6. invest littlely, process cost is low, safeguards simply, and the repair time is few, and working rate is high.
7. sorbent material life cycle is long.Generally can use more than 10 years.
8. device reliability is high.It is moving parts that pressure-swing absorption apparatus only has sequence valve conventionally, its long service life, and failure rate is extremely low, and computer control system application can have the function such as automatic fault diagnosis, adsorption tower automatic switchover, and the reliability of device is further improved.
9. environmental benefit is good.Except the characteristic because of unstripped gas, the operation of pressure-swing absorption apparatus can not cause new environmental pollution, almost produces without " three wastes ".
But pressure swing adsorption technique can only be produced separately oxygen or nitrogen at present, both can not produce simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above technical problem, the application provides a kind of pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed and method thereof, and the application can produce oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously, and possess that facility investment is low, less energy consumption and eco-friendly feature, economic benefit is higher.
The application provides a kind of pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed, comprising:
Air feeder, described air feeder is used for the air of supplying raw materials;
The gas blower being connected with described air feeder;
The first adsorption unit that inlet mouth is connected with described gas blower by the first intake valve, described the first adsorption unit is provided with the first gas product air outlet and vacuumizes gas port;
The vacuum pump that gas port is connected that vacuumizes by vacuum pumping valve with described the first adsorption unit;
The second adsorption unit that inlet mouth is connected with described vacuum pump by the second intake valve, described the second adsorption unit is provided with the second gas product air outlet.
Preferably, described the first adsorption unit comprises:
The adsorption tower A that inlet mouth A is connected with described gas blower by intake valve A, described adsorption tower A is provided with gas product air outlet A and vacuumizes gas port A;
The adsorption tower B that inlet mouth B is connected with described gas blower by intake valve B, described adsorption tower B is provided with gas product air outlet B and vacuumizes gas port B;
The gas product air outlet A of described adsorption tower A and the gas product air outlet B of adsorption tower B are connected by upper the first equaler road, the first flushing pipeline respectively.
Preferably, between described gas blower and the first adsorption unit, also comprise the first heat-exchanger rig being connected with described gas blower, described the first heat-exchanger rig is connected with the first flushing pipeline.
Preferably, also comprise the gas holder being connected with described the first heat-exchanger rig, described gas holder is connected with the inlet mouth A of adsorption tower A by intake valve A, and is connected with the inlet mouth B of adsorption tower B by intake valve B.
Preferably, described adsorption tower A is provided with nature wind-supplying mouth A, and described adsorption tower B is provided with nature wind-supplying mouth B.
Preferably, described the second adsorption unit comprises:
The adsorption tower C that inlet mouth C is connected with described vacuum pump by intake valve C, described adsorption tower C is provided with gas product air outlet C;
The adsorption tower D that inlet mouth D is connected with described vacuum pump by intake valve D, described adsorption tower D is provided with gas product air outlet D;
The gas product air outlet C of described adsorption tower C and the gas product air outlet D of adsorption tower D are connected by upper the second equaler road, the second flushing pipeline respectively.
The application also provides the method for a kind of pressure-variable adsorption gas processed, comprises the following steps:
1) by after raw air supercharging, utilize sorbent material to adsorb, obtain the first gas product; Described sorbent material is nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent;
2) by described step 1) absorption after sorbent material carry out desorb by vacuumizing, obtain the waste gas of pressure;
3) by described step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs, and obtains the second gas product.
Preferably, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) by raw air after gas blower supercharging, utilize sorbent material to adsorb at adsorption tower A, obtain the first gas product; Described sorbent material is nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent;
, the adsorption tower B that is filled with described sorbent material is vacuumized meanwhile, obtain the waste gas of pressure;
2) by described step 1) sorbent material in adsorption tower A after absorption carries out desorb by vacuumizing, and obtains the waste gas of pressure;
Meanwhile, after described gas blower supercharging, utilize described sorbent material to adsorb at adsorption tower B raw air, obtain the first gas product;
Described step 1) and step 2) periodically hocket;
3) by described step 1) and step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs, and obtains the second gas product.
Preferably, described step 1) in, adsorb latter stage at adsorption tower A, part the first gas product is absorbed to the heat of compression of described gas blower by the first heat-exchanger rig, then the adsorption tower B vacuumizing is rinsed.
Preferably, described step 3) be specially:
31) by described step 1) and step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs at adsorption tower C, obtains the second gas product;
Meanwhile, the adsorption tower D that is filled with described molecular sieve is carried out to desorb;
32) by described step 31) molecular sieve in adsorption tower C after absorption carries out desorb;
Meanwhile, by described step 1) and step 2) molecular sieve adsorbs at adsorption tower D described in the exhaust gas utilization that has pressure that obtains, obtains the second gas product;
Described step 31) and step 32) periodically hocket.
Compared with prior art, the pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that the application provides is mainly made up of air feeder, gas blower, the first adsorption unit, vacuum pump and the second adsorption unit.The application is by raw air first by the first adsorption unit, and absorption preparation the first gas product is as oxygen, and desorb obtains being rich in the waste gas of nitrogen; Then adopt the vacuum pump of oxygen part to substitute the gas blower of nitrogen part processed, make waste gas supercharging, and adsorb by the second adsorption unit, obtain the second gas product nitrogen.The application can be replaced the gas blower of nitrogen part processed by the vacuum pump of oxygen part, the rich nitrogen waste gas of oxygen part is used simultaneously, because the application adopts combined supply gas, make full use of system complementary energy, pressure-variable adsorption air-flow journey processed is optimized and is improved, not only can produce oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously, and improve economic benefit, possess that facility investment is low, saving energy and eco-friendly feature.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be provided according to the accompanying drawing providing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing VPSA gas system processed;
The structural representation of the pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application;
The schematic diagram of the part valve of the pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The application provides a kind of pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed, comprising:
Air feeder, described air feeder is used for the air of supplying raw materials;
The gas blower being connected with described air feeder;
The first adsorption unit that inlet mouth is connected with described gas blower by the first intake valve, described the first adsorption unit is provided with the first gas product air outlet and vacuumizes gas port;
The vacuum pump that gas port is connected that vacuumizes by vacuum pumping valve with described the first adsorption unit;
The second adsorption unit that inlet mouth is connected with described vacuum pump by the second intake valve, described the second adsorption unit is provided with the second gas product air outlet.
The pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that the application provides is mainly made up of air feeder, gas blower, the first adsorption unit, vacuum pump and the second adsorption unit.The application can be replaced the gas blower of nitrogen part processed by the vacuum pump of oxygen part, the rich nitrogen waste gas of oxygen part is used simultaneously, because the application adopts combined supply gas, make full use of system complementary energy, pressure-variable adsorption air-flow journey processed is optimized and is improved, not only can produce oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously, and improve economic benefit, possess that facility investment is low, saving energy and eco-friendly feature.
Referring to Fig. 2, the structural representation of the pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application.In Fig. 2,1 is air feeder, and 2 is gas blower, and 3 is First Heat Exchanger, and 4 is gas holder, and 5 is adsorption tower A, and 6 is adsorption tower B, and 7 is vacuum pump, and 8 is the second interchanger, and 9 is surge tank, and 10 is adsorption tower C, and 11 is adsorption tower D.
The pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that the application provides comprises air feeder 1, and it is for the air of supplying raw materials.Described raw air is preferably removed mechanical impurity after filtration, is supplied with by air feeder.The present invention is not particularly limited structure or the type etc. of described air feeder, adopts air feeder well known to those skilled in the art.
Described pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed comprises gas blower 2, and it is connected with air feeder 1.The raw air that air feeder 1 is supplied with carries out supercharging through gas blower 2, and described pressure can increase to 35kPa～50kPa, is preferably 40kPa～45kPa.Described gas blower is the conventional device in this area, is preferably centrifugal blower, and the application can adopt blower unit to carry out supercharging.
Be beneficial to absorption, the separation of gas product owing to reducing air themperature, described pressure-variable adsorption gas optimum system choosing processed also comprises the first heat-exchanger rig, and it is connected with gas blower 2, makes the air cooling after supercharging by heat exchange.In the application's embodiment, described the first heat-exchanger rig is First Heat Exchanger 3, is preferably plate-type heat exchanger.
In order to make full use of system complementary energy, described pressure-variable adsorption gas optimum system choosing processed also comprises gas holder 4, and it is connected with described the first heat-exchanger rig, and is connected with adsorption unit.First cooled air enters gas holder 4, then enters adsorption unit from its underpart.The application is not particularly limited described gas holder, and employing can be played and absorb unnecessary air the gas cabinet assembly of pressurising again, as bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator, and temporarily stored air.
The pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that the application provides comprises the first adsorption unit, and its inlet mouth is connected with described gas blower by the first intake valve, and is provided with the first gas product air outlet and vacuumizes gas port.In the application's embodiment, described inlet mouth and vacuumize gas port and be positioned at the bottom of the first adsorption unit, described the first gas product air outlet is positioned at its top, and the application is not particularly limited each gas port.Described the first adsorption unit is filled with nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent, to be filled with nitrogen selective adsorbent as example, air after supercharging enters the first adsorption unit, airborne moisture, carbonic acid gas and nitrogen are adsorbed, oxygen is emitted as gas product, and its purity is more than 85%.The application is not particularly limited described the first adsorption unit, adopts the devices such as the conventional adsorption tower in this area.Described nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent are sorbent material well known to those skilled in the art, as activated alumina, zeolite molecular sieve and carbonaceous molecular sieve and combination thereof etc.
Concrete, described the first adsorption unit preferably includes:
The adsorption tower A that inlet mouth A is connected with described gas blower by intake valve A, described adsorption tower A is provided with gas product air outlet A and vacuumizes gas port A;
The adsorption tower B that inlet mouth B is connected with described gas blower by intake valve B, described adsorption tower B is provided with gas product air outlet B and vacuumizes gas port B;
The gas product air outlet A of described adsorption tower A and the gas product air outlet B of adsorption tower B are connected by upper the first equaler road, the first flushing pipeline respectively.
In the application's embodiment, the hocket step of absorption-desorption of adsorption tower A5 and the each adsorber of adsorption tower B6, respectively in the different operational phases, ensures higher gas making efficiency at two adsorption towers of synchronization.In addition, the air outlet of adsorption tower A5 and adsorption tower B6 is connected by the first equaler road, after adsorption process finishes, along absorption direction, the part of the elevated pressures in one tower the first gas product is put into another the lower adsorption tower of pressure that completes regeneration, made pressure equalization.This process is not only drop pressure process, reclaims especially the process of gas product component in adsorbent bed dead space, can ensure the abundant recovery of gas product.
In the application's embodiment, described the first heat-exchanger rig is connected with the first flushing pipeline, can utilize part the first gas product as cooling source, in interchanger, carries out cooling to raw air, without the mode that adopts water quench, the water yield and energy consumption are saved like this.
And, due at higher temperature, the first gas product is better to the desorption effect of sorbent material, preferably this part first gas product is absorbed to the heat of compression of gas blower by the first heat-exchanger rig, again adsorption unit is rinsed, make sorbent material be able to thorough regeneration, take full advantage of like this heat of compression that gas blower is useless, reduced quantity of circulating water and corresponding energy consumption simultaneously.
In the application's embodiment, described gas holder is connected with the inlet mouth A of adsorption tower A by intake valve A, and passes through intake valve B and be connected with the inlet mouth B of adsorption tower B, and described gas holder can be by unnecessary absorption of air, and can jointly carry out pressurising to adsorption unit with gas blower.
Preferably, described adsorption tower A is provided with nature wind-supplying mouth A, and described adsorption tower B is provided with nature wind-supplying mouth B.The application preferably mends air natural wind to adsorption unit and carries out pressurising, takes full advantage of vacuum-energy.
The pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that the application provides comprises vacuum pump 7, and it is connected with the gas port that vacuumizes of described the first adsorption unit by vacuum pumping valve, and adsorption unit is vacuumized, and makes the sorbent material desorb after absorption and regenerates, and obtains waste gas.The application is not particularly limited described vacuum pump, is preferably water-ring vacuum pump, and can adopt vacuum pump unit to vacuumize.
Aforesaid device is repeated work, switching periodically, can stable and continuous ground output the first gas product, the switching of each equipment be rely on Pneumatic butterfly valve open or close realize.
Described pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed comprises the second adsorption unit, and its inlet mouth is connected with vacuum pump 7 by the second intake valve, and is provided with the second gas product air outlet.In the application's embodiment, described inlet mouth is positioned at the bottom of the second adsorption unit, and described the second gas product air outlet is positioned at its top, and the application is not particularly limited each gas port.Described the second adsorption unit is filled with molecular sieve, taking it as nitrogen part processed as example, bleed because some vacuum pumps 7 are continual, and gas nitrogen content is more than 90%, to be given up after nitrogen pressurizes and be sent into the second adsorption unit by these vacuum pumps, and adsorb, separate in molecular sieve, remaining oxygen is cured to molecular sieve surface, nitrogen leaves with gaseous form, as gas product output.The application is not particularly limited described the second adsorption unit, adopts the devices such as the conventional adsorption tower in this area.Described molecular sieve is sorbent material well known to those skilled in the art, and the application is also not particularly limited this.
The application utilizes the power-equipment of vacuum pump as nitrogen part processed, can save the gas blower that nitrogen part processed needs; And, the application utilizes the rich nitrogen waste gas of oxygen part as the unstripped gas of nitrogen part processed, adopt rich nitrogen waste gas can reduce the loadings of adsorbent of molecular sieve, therefore, the application produces in the situation of oxygen and nitrogen at the same time, can reduce a large amount of facility investment and land used, also improve the Working environment of nitrogen part processed.
In absorption phase, temperature is lower, and absorption, the separating effect of gas product in adsorption tower is better.Before described the second adsorption unit, described pressure-variable adsorption gas optimum system choosing processed also comprises the second heat-exchanger rig, and it is connected with vacuum pump 7, makes the waste gas of pressure cooling by heat exchange.In the application's embodiment, described the second heat-exchanger rig is the second interchanger 8, is preferably plate-type heat exchanger.
In order to make full use of system complementary energy, described pressure-variable adsorption gas optimum system choosing processed also comprises surge tank 9, and it is connected with described the second heat-exchanger rig, and is connected with adsorption unit.First cooled waste gas enter surge tank 9, then enters adsorption unit from its underpart.The application is not particularly limited described surge tank, and employing can be played and absorb unnecessary waste gas the snubber assembly of pressurising again, enter the pressure of the waste gas of adsorption unit can dash adjustment to 35kPa～50kPa, be preferably 40kPa～45kPa.
In order to make system continuous high-efficient ground output the second gas product, described the second adsorption unit preferably includes:
The adsorption tower C that inlet mouth C is connected with described vacuum pump by intake valve C, described adsorption tower C is provided with gas product air outlet C;
The adsorption tower D that inlet mouth D is connected with described vacuum pump by intake valve D, described adsorption tower D is provided with gas product air outlet D;
The gas product air outlet C of described adsorption tower C and the gas product air outlet D of adsorption tower D are connected by upper the second equaler road, the second flushing pipeline respectively.
In the application's embodiment, the hocket step of absorption-desorption of adsorption tower C10 and the each adsorber of adsorption tower D11, respectively in the different operational phases, ensures higher gas making efficiency at two adsorption towers of synchronization.In addition, it should be noted that, the setting of described the second heat-exchanger rig, the second equaler road and the second flushing pipeline and previously described first part with act on similar.
Aforesaid device periodic duty switches, can stable and continuous ground output the second gas product, the switching of each equipment be also by Pneumatic butterfly valve open or close realize.
Referring to Fig. 3, the schematic diagram of the part valve of the pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application.In Fig. 3,1 is intake valve A (being called for short into 1), 2 is intake valve B (being called for short into 2), 3 is gas product air outlet valve A (being called for short 1), 4 is gas product air outlet valve B (being called for short 2), 5 is vacuum pumping valve A (being called for short true 1), 6 is vacuum pumping valve B (being called for short true 2), 7 is upper equalizing valve (being called for short equal 1), 8 is lower equalizing valve A (being called for short equal 2), and 9 is lower equalizing valve B (being called for short equal 3), and 10 is flush valve A (being called for short punching 1), 11 is flush valve B (being called for short punching 1), and 12 is by-pass valve (being called for short other 1).In this application, each switching valve is by computer control, by valve programming switching time of reserving in advance, input control device PLC, PLC output electrical signals control reversing solenoid valve, commutates by magnetic valve, is promoted the cylinder of Pneumatic butterfly valve by pressurized air, or promote sequencing valve by hydraulic efficiency oil, thereby make butterfly valve open or close.
Accordingly, the application also provides the method for a kind of pressure-variable adsorption gas processed, comprises the following steps:
1) by after raw air supercharging, utilize sorbent material to adsorb, obtain the first gas product; Described sorbent material is nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent;
2) by described step 1) absorption after sorbent material carry out desorb by vacuumizing, obtain the waste gas of pressure;
3) by described step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs, and obtains the second gas product.
The application adopts combined supply gas, makes full use of system complementary energy, and pressure-variable adsorption air-flow journey processed is optimized and is improved, and not only can produce oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously, and improve economic benefit, possesses that facility investment is low, saving energy and eco-friendly feature.
As preferably, described pressure-variable adsorption producing gas method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) by raw air after gas blower supercharging, utilize sorbent material to adsorb at adsorption tower A, obtain the first gas product; Described sorbent material is nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent;
, the adsorption tower B that is filled with described sorbent material is vacuumized meanwhile, obtain the waste gas of pressure;
2) by described step 1) sorbent material in adsorption tower A after absorption carries out desorb by vacuumizing, and obtains the waste gas of pressure;
Meanwhile, after described gas blower supercharging, utilize described sorbent material to adsorb at adsorption tower B raw air, obtain the first gas product;
Described step 1) and step 2) periodically hocket;
3) by described step 1) and step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs, and obtains the second gas product.
Wherein, described step 3) be preferably specially:
31) by described step 1) and step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs at adsorption tower C, obtains the second gas product;
Meanwhile, the adsorption tower D that is filled with described molecular sieve is carried out to desorb;
32) by described step 31) molecular sieve in adsorption tower C after absorption carries out desorb;
Meanwhile, by described step 1) and step 2) molecular sieve adsorbs at adsorption tower D described in the exhaust gas utilization that has pressure that obtains, obtains the second gas product;
Described step 31) and step 32) periodically hocket.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, the detailed process of the embodiment of the present application pressure-variable adsorption gas processed is as follows:
Raw air is removed to mechanical impurity after filtration, and by pretreatment desulfurizing, be supplied to downstream unit by air feeder 1, the flow of described raw air can be 1000Nm
3/ h～30000Nm
3/ h; Described raw air utilizes gas blower 2 to be pressurized to 35kPa～50kPa, then through First Heat Exchanger 3 carry out cooling, control temperature be 30 DEG C～40 DEG C, be beneficial to the separation of follow-up absorption phase gas product.Cooled raw air enters gas holder 4, then enters in adsorption tower A5 from its underpart, and adsorption tower A5 bottom is filled with activated alumina, and top is filled with the zeolite molecular sieve of 3 tons～15 tons, the moisture (H in raw air
2o), carbonic acid gas (CO
2) and on a small quantity other gaseous fractions adsorbed by activated alumina, nitrogen (N subsequently
2) adsorbed by zeolite molecular sieve, and oxygen is non-absorbed component, as gas product, from tower top output, its purity is greater than 85% (purity can be set arbitrarily by computer between 70%～95%).Most of oxygen product gas fed downstream user production system after pressure regulates, as first output enters product surge tank, then sends to user's production system; In addition, extract sub-fraction for adsorbent reactivation.
In the time being adsorbed the mass transfer of impurity and going to forward position (being called absorb leading-edge) to arrive a certain position of the reserved section of adsorbent bed outlet, close intake valve and the gas product air outlet valve of this adsorption tower, stop absorption, adsorbent bedly start to proceed to the regeneration stage.
When adsorption tower A5 is in adsorbed state time, regenerate to being filled with the method that the adsorption tower B6 of above-mentioned sorbent material vacuumizes by vacuum pump 7 use, obtain the waste gas of pressure.Adsorb latter stage at adsorption tower A5, partial oxidation gas product is absorbed to the heat of compression of gas blower 2 by First Heat Exchanger 3, then the adsorption tower B6 vacuumizing is rinsed, carry out oxygen enrichment (rich O with hot-fluid oxygen like this
2) rinse, be beneficial to sorbent material and thoroughly regenerate.After the adsorption process of adsorption tower A5 finishes, along absorption direction, the oxygen rich gas of the elevated pressures in adsorption tower A5 is put into the adsorption tower B6 of the lower pressure that has vacuumized regeneration, carry out drop pressure, fully reclaim oxygen, improve device oxygen yield.At this one-phase, adsorption tower A5 by having 1 second～time of 2 seconds cuts off the raw air from gas blower 2, now by gas holder 4 by unnecessary absorption of air.
After drop pressure finishes, for the sorbent material after absorption in adsorption tower A5 is regenerated up hill and dale, utilize vacuum pump 7 against adsorbing direction to described adsorbent bed vacuumizing, further reduce the dividing potential drop of impurity composition, make the complete desorb of impurity being adsorbed, obtain the waste gas of pressure.
Meanwhile, raw air is carried out to supercharging through gas blower 2, after cooling, send into adsorption tower B6, and gas holder 4 carries out pressurising to adsorption tower B6 jointly.In addition, utilize gas blower 2 to adsorption tower B6 pressurising before, for making full use of vacuum-energy, from lower equalizing valve, air natural is mended to wind and carries out pressurising to adsorption tower B6, after be pressurized to-10kPa, close nature and mend wind.Adsorption tower B6 is filled with above-mentioned sorbent material, adsorbs therein, obtains oxygen product gas.
After the vacuumizing regenerative process and complete of adsorption tower A5, utilize the oxygen rich gas of the elevated pressures of adsorption tower B6 to boost to it, this process is corresponding with above-mentioned drop pressure process, is not only the process of boosting, and is the process that reclaims oxygen in the adsorbent bed dead space of adsorption tower B6.Meanwhile, utilize vacuum-energy, open lower equalizing valve, adsorption tower A5 is carried out to replenish air.
After boost pressure process completes, in order to make adsorption tower can switch to reposefully absorption next time, and ensure that purity of product gas does not fluctuate in this course, need to adopt product oxygen that adsorption column pressure is risen to adsorptive pressure.After this process, adsorption tower A5 has just completed complete " absorption-desorption " circulation, again for absorption is next time got ready.
This periodically alternation of two adsorption tower follow procedures of adsorption tower A5 and adsorption tower B6, can realize continuous separate from air, obtains gas product oxygen.
In the application's embodiment, bleed because some vacuum pumps 7 are continual, and gas nitrogen content is more than 90%, will be given up after nitrogen pressurizes and be sent into nitrogen part processed by these vacuum pumps.First carry out coolingly from the useless nitrogen of oxygen part through the second interchanger 8, then enter surge tank 9, enter adsorption tower C10 from its underpart.Described adsorption tower C10 is filled with molecular sieve, adsorbs therein, separates, and remaining oxygen is cured to molecular sieve surface, and nitrogen leaves with gaseous form, as gas product output.
In adsorbed state, the adsorption tower D11 that is filled with described molecular sieve is carried out to desorb at adsorption tower C10, described desorb can be normal pressure desorb, also can be undertaken by vacuumizing.In the application's embodiment, described desorb is normal pressure desorb.
After adsorption tower C10 absorption, adsorption tower D11 transfers absorption to from desorption and regeneration, namely the useless nitrogen of oxygen part is utilized to described molecular sieve, and at adsorption tower, D11 adsorbs, and obtains gas product nitrogen.Now, adsorption tower C10 carries out pressure release, desorption and regeneration.
In addition, also adopt the small part pure nitrogen gas gas product after heating, send into adsorption tower C10 and rinse, regenerate.And, when adsorption tower C10 is after desorption and regeneration, by adsorption tower D11, part nitrogen is sent into adsorption tower C10 and carries out pressurising.
This periodically alternation of two adsorption tower follow procedures of adsorption tower C10 and adsorption tower D11, can utilize useless nitrogen, and stable and continuous real estate goes out gas product nitrogen.
On the whole, the application carries out oxygen by pressure-variable adsorption and nitrogen part processed interlock is produced, and can first start oxygen part, the whole emptying of waste gas of now vacuum pump being extracted out; Until oxygen part drive normal after, starts nitrogen part processed, nitrogen part producing processed normally after, close the blow-off valve of oxygen part, using rich nitrogen waste gas all as the raw material of nitrogen part processed.
In this application, perfect interlock protection program and processing parameter can be set, prevent the situation of under-voltage or superpressure, as jumped after car when nitrogen part processed, should the chain blow-off valve of opening oxygen partial vacuum pump discharge.In addition, the application's system also can be produced separately oxygen or nitrogen.In the time of oxygen part producing only, the waste gas that vacuum pump extracts can directly drain into atmosphere; In the time of nitrogen part producing processed only, vacuum pump can be from atmosphere extracting air as the source of the gas of nitrogen part processed.
Practice shows, the application can produce oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously, and the vacuum pump of oxygen part can be used as the compressor of nitrogen part processed simultaneously, and synthesis energy saving can reach 25%～30%.
Further, the application utilizes will the regenerate purge gas heating of the heat of compression of blower fan, not only energy-saving and water-saving, and greatly improved the activation of sorbent material.
Further, the regenerate vacuum-energy of complete adsorption unit of oxygen part utilization, the tonifying Qi of automatically boosting without gas blower during-60kPa～-20kPa, has saved the energy of gas blower.
In order further to understand the application, the pressure-variable adsorption gas system and method processed the application being provided below in conjunction with embodiment is described in detail.
Embodiment
Adopt the pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed shown in Fig. 2, taking air as raw material, oxygen producing and nitrogen simultaneously.The setting of part valve is referring to Fig. 3, and the processing step of Production for oxygen and the on off state of valve be referring to table 1, processing step when table 1 is the embodiment of the present application omnibus control system and valve switch state table.
Processing step when table 1 the embodiment of the present application omnibus control system and valve switch state table
Note: On represents that valve opens, and C represents that valve closes.
Step 1: adsorption tower A5 absorption, adsorption tower B6 vacuumizes
Open sequencing valve and enter 1, go out 1, put 1 (do not show, it is the blow-off valve of the first adsorption unit) and true 2 in Fig. 3, by closing 1 and equal 1.
Raw air is removed to mechanical impurity after filtration, and by pretreatment desulfurizing, be supplied to downstream unit by air feeder 1, the flow of described raw air is 20000Nm
3/ h; Described raw air utilizes gas blower 2 to be pressurized to 50kPa, then through First Heat Exchanger 3 carry out cooling, control temperature be 40 DEG C.Cooled raw air enters gas holder 4, enter 1 through sequencing valve again and enter adsorption tower A5, adsorption tower A5 bottom is filled with activated alumina, and top is filled with the zeolite molecular sieve of 10 tons, moisture in raw air, carbonic acid gas and on a small quantity other gaseous fractions are adsorbed by activated alumina, nitrogen is adsorbed by zeolite molecular sieve subsequently, obtains the oxygen that purity is greater than 85%, goes out 1 discharge through sequencing valve.
In the time that forward's (being the maximum impurity concentration that gas product allows, hereinafter referred to as absorb leading-edge) of impurity rises to close to adsorbent bed outlet, close into 1 and go out 1, stop absorption.At this moment, between absorb leading-edge and adsorbent bed outlet, also leave one section and do not adsorb saturated sorbent material, be called and give the section of staying.
Meanwhile, the adsorption tower B6 that is filled with identical sorbent material is vacuumizing through sequencing valve true 2, void gas in desorption tower, and send into nitrogen part processed by vacuum pump 7, this stage continues 12 seconds.
Step 2: adsorption tower B6 boosts
After the adsorption process of adsorption tower A5 completes, open sequencing valve equal 1, the rich oxygen level gas of elevated pressures in adsorption tower A5 is put into the adsorption tower B6 of low pressure, until the pressure of two towers equates substantially, close sequencing valve equal 1, lasting 2 seconds of this stage.
Step 3: adsorption tower A5 vacuumizes, adsorption tower B6 boosts
Open sequencing valve other 1 and equal 3, raw air enters adsorption tower B6 through equal 3, makes tower internal pressure rise to rapidly adsorptive pressure.
Meanwhile, adsorption tower A5 is vacuumizing through sequencing valve true 1, void gas in desorption tower.
And, open sequencing valve punching 1 and punching 2, to adsorption tower, A5 rinses, and after 3 seconds, closes.
Step 4: adsorption tower B6 absorption, adsorption tower A5 vacuumizes
Open sequencing valve and enter 2, go out 2 and true 1, close other 1 and equal 3.
Raw air is removed to mechanical impurity after filtration, and by pretreatment desulfurizing, be supplied to downstream unit by air feeder 1, the flow of described raw air is 20000Nm
3/ h; Described raw air utilizes gas blower 2 to be pressurized to 50kPa, then through First Heat Exchanger 3 carry out cooling, control temperature be 40 DEG C.Cooled raw air enters gas holder 4, enter 2 through sequencing valve again and enter adsorption tower B6, moisture wherein, carbonic acid gas and on a small quantity other gaseous fractions are adsorbed by activated alumina, and nitrogen is adsorbed by zeolite molecular sieve subsequently, obtain the oxygen that purity is greater than 85%, go out 2 discharges through sequencing valve.
Meanwhile, adsorption tower A5 is vacuumizing through sequencing valve true 1, void gas in desorption tower, and send into nitrogen part processed by vacuum pump 7, this stage continues 12 seconds.
Step 5: adsorption tower A5 and B6 all press
After the adsorption process of adsorption tower B6 completes, open sequencing valve equal 1, the rich oxygen level gas of elevated pressures in adsorption tower B6 is put into the adsorption tower A5 of low pressure, until the pressure of two towers equates substantially, close sequencing valve equal 1, lasting 2 seconds of this stage.
Step 6: adsorption tower B6 vacuumizes, adsorption tower A5 boosts
Open sequencing valve other 1 and equal 2, raw air enters adsorption tower A5 through equal 2, makes tower internal pressure rise to rapidly adsorptive pressure.
Meanwhile, adsorption tower B6 is vacuumizing through sequencing valve true 2, void gas in desorption tower, and this stage continues 28 seconds.
And, open sequencing valve punching 2, to adsorption tower, B6 rinses, and after 3 seconds, closes.
So circulation, adsorption tower A5 and the B6 absorption-desorption that hockets, produces gas product oxygen continuously.It should be noted that, in table 1, for punching 1 and punching 2, it is closing condition in the overwhelming majority time, only opens in the rinse step short period of time, therefore in table 1, is expressed as closing condition always.
The flow process of the flow process of nitrogen part processed and oxygen part is similar, also comprises Adsorption and desorption, flushing and all presses several steps.
Bleed because some vacuum pumps 7 are continual, and gas nitrogen content is more than 90%, will be given up after nitrogen pressurizes and be sent into nitrogen part processed by these vacuum pumps.Useless nitrogen from oxygen part first carries out cooling through the second interchanger 8, enter again surge tank 9, control pressure is 50kPa, enter the adsorption tower C10 that is filled with 5 tons of molecular sieves from its underpart, adsorb therein, separate, remaining oxygen is cured to molecular sieve surface, and nitrogen leaves with gaseous form, as gas product output, purity is more than or equal to 99%.
In adsorbed state, the adsorption tower D11 that is filled with described molecular sieve is carried out to normal pressure desorb at adsorption tower C10.
After adsorption tower C10 absorption, adsorption tower D11 transfers absorption to from desorption and regeneration, namely the useless nitrogen of oxygen part is utilized to described molecular sieve, and at adsorption tower, D11 adsorbs, and obtains gas product nitrogen.Now, adsorption tower C10 carries out pressure release, desorption and regeneration.
In addition, also adopt the small part pure nitrogen gas gas product after heating, send into adsorption tower C10 and rinse, regenerate.And, when adsorption tower C10 is after desorption and regeneration, by adsorption tower D11, part nitrogen is sent into adsorption tower C10 and carries out pressurising.
This periodically alternation of two adsorption tower follow procedures of adsorption tower C10 and adsorption tower D11, stable and continuous real estate goes out gas product nitrogen.
As seen from the above embodiment, the application is by raw air first by the first adsorption unit, and absorption preparation the first gas product is as oxygen, and desorb obtains being rich in the waste gas of nitrogen; Then adopt the vacuum pump of oxygen part to substitute the gas blower of nitrogen part processed, make waste gas supercharging, and adsorb by the second adsorption unit, obtain the second gas product nitrogen.The application can be replaced the gas blower of nitrogen part processed by the vacuum pump of oxygen part, the rich nitrogen waste gas of oxygen part is used simultaneously, because the application adopts combined supply gas, make full use of system complementary energy, pressure-variable adsorption air-flow journey processed is optimized and is improved, not only can produce oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously, and improve economic benefit, possess that facility investment is low, saving energy and eco-friendly feature.
Claims (10)
1. a pressure-variable adsorption gas system processed, comprising:
Air feeder, described air feeder is used for the air of supplying raw materials;
The gas blower being connected with described air feeder;
The first adsorption unit that inlet mouth is connected with described gas blower by the first intake valve, described the first adsorption unit is provided with the first gas product air outlet and vacuumizes gas port;
The vacuum pump that gas port is connected that vacuumizes by vacuum pumping valve with described the first adsorption unit;
The second adsorption unit that inlet mouth is connected with described vacuum pump by the second intake valve, described the second adsorption unit is provided with the second gas product air outlet.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first adsorption unit comprises:
The adsorption tower A that inlet mouth A is connected with described gas blower by intake valve A, described adsorption tower A is provided with gas product air outlet A and vacuumizes gas port A;
The adsorption tower B that inlet mouth B is connected with described gas blower by intake valve B, described adsorption tower B is provided with gas product air outlet B and vacuumizes gas port B;
The gas product air outlet A of described adsorption tower A and the gas product air outlet B of adsorption tower B are connected by upper the first equaler road, the first flushing pipeline respectively.
3. system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, between described gas blower and the first adsorption unit, also comprises the first heat-exchanger rig being connected with described gas blower, and described the first heat-exchanger rig is connected with the first flushing pipeline.
4. system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises the gas holder being connected with described the first heat-exchanger rig, and described gas holder is connected with the inlet mouth A of adsorption tower A by intake valve A, and is connected with the inlet mouth B of adsorption tower B by intake valve B.
5. system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described adsorption tower A is provided with nature wind-supplying mouth A, and described adsorption tower B is provided with nature wind-supplying mouth B.
6. system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the second adsorption unit comprises:
The adsorption tower C that inlet mouth C is connected with described vacuum pump by intake valve C, described adsorption tower C is provided with gas product air outlet C;
The adsorption tower D that inlet mouth D is connected with described vacuum pump by intake valve D, described adsorption tower D is provided with gas product air outlet D;
The gas product air outlet C of described adsorption tower C and the gas product air outlet D of adsorption tower D are connected by upper the second equaler road, the second flushing pipeline respectively.
7. a method for pressure-variable adsorption gas processed, comprises the following steps:
1) by after raw air supercharging, utilize sorbent material to adsorb, obtain the first gas product; Described sorbent material is nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent;
2) by described step 1) absorption after sorbent material carry out desorb by vacuumizing, obtain the waste gas of pressure;
3) by described step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs, and obtains the second gas product.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) by raw air after gas blower supercharging, utilize sorbent material to adsorb at adsorption tower A, obtain the first gas product; Described sorbent material is nitrogen selective adsorbent or oxygen selective adsorbent;
, the adsorption tower B that is filled with described sorbent material is vacuumized meanwhile, obtain the waste gas of pressure;
2) by described step 1) sorbent material in adsorption tower A after absorption carries out desorb by vacuumizing, and obtains the waste gas of pressure;
Meanwhile, after described gas blower supercharging, utilize described sorbent material to adsorb at adsorption tower B raw air, obtain the first gas product;
Described step 1) and step 2) periodically hocket;
3) by described step 1) and step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs, and obtains the second gas product.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described step 1) in, latter stage adsorbed at adsorption tower A, part the first gas product is absorbed to the heat of compression of described gas blower by the first heat-exchanger rig, then the adsorption tower B vacuumizing is rinsed.
10. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described step 3) be specially:
31) by described step 1) and step 2) the exhaust gas utilization molecular sieve that has pressure that obtains adsorbs at adsorption tower C, obtains the second gas product;
Meanwhile, the adsorption tower D that is filled with described molecular sieve is carried out to desorb;
32) by described step 31) molecular sieve in adsorption tower C after absorption carries out desorb;
Meanwhile, by described step 1) and step 2) molecular sieve adsorbs at adsorption tower D described in the exhaust gas utilization that has pressure that obtains, obtains the second gas product;
Described step 31) and step 32) periodically hocket.
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