CN1620850A - Method for grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard - Google Patents
Method for grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard Download PDFInfo
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- CN1620850A CN1620850A CN 200410085439 CN200410085439A CN1620850A CN 1620850 A CN1620850 A CN 1620850A CN 200410085439 CN200410085439 CN 200410085439 CN 200410085439 A CN200410085439 A CN 200410085439A CN 1620850 A CN1620850 A CN 1620850A
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- red mud
- bittern
- saturated zeolite
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- seedling cave
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Abstract
The grass planting process in dry discharged red mud stock yard includes three steps of: neutralizing the alkalinity of red mud, compounding plant nutrients and screening saline and alkaline tolerant grass variety. The red mud has its pH value regulated with bittern solution and hydrogen ion saturated zeolite; and is fertilized with compound chemical fertilizer, city mud, ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite. Adaptive grass variety screened with the compounded red mud soil is planted. Most of the materials for changing red mud into soil are industry waste, so that the present invention has low cost and makes relevant industrial wastes become useful resource.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of at dry-extraction method red mud (waste residue that produces from bauxite refines alumina process) stockyard kind grass, and set water and soil is set up the method for ecological condition.
The background technology red mud is to refine the industrial residue that produces the alumina process from bauxite, is strong basicity reaction (pH is usually between 10-13).Red mud yard is potential pollution seedbed.The dry-extraction method red mud adopts pyramid to pile up, and side slope is steeper, very easily causes water and soil loss, causes buck to efflux, and pollutes red mud yard periphery soil and water body.Even more serious is can pollute the air quality of surrounding area by the dust (containing caustic soda powder and radioactive substance) that red mud yard is kicked up.But set up the vegetable layer set face of land at red mud yard, prevent that dirt from effluxing, beautify the environment fixation of C O
2, therefore have important ecotope meaning.
Red mud is strong basicity usually, and pH surpasses the upper limit of plant tolerance, and plant can't be settled down naturally at red mud yard.Because the special form of piling up of dry-extraction method red mud is planned to build the face of land tool certain slope of upright vegetable layer, so be not suitable for reclaiming with conventional soil moved in to improve the original method.To set up vegetable layer, the set face of land in order reaching, to prevent to contain the purpose that caustic soda powder and radioactive substance are kicked up at red mud yard, prevent from the environmental quality of surrounding area is produced harmful effect, need be improved the physical and chemical character of red mud, it is become can be for " soil " of plant growing.At present, aspect red mud soilization as yet effectively and only need hang down the technical method of fund input.The employed red mud soil formed material that impels of this method mostly is former industry " waste material ", thereby has reduced the cost of red mud soilization, also provides a new way for the resource of related industries " waste material " simultaneously.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of setting up vegetable layer at grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard.
This method is made of the neutralization of red mud alkalescence, plant nutrition allotment and three steps of saline alkali tolerant plant screening.
1. in the red mud alkalescence and link
Select for use the waste liquid bittern water that produces in the Salt production process highly basic contained in the red mud (water-soluble NaOH) to be converted into weak base (Ca (OH) as main material
2And Mg (OH)
2), the pH value that reaches red mud is reduced to 6-9, between the pH value 7-8 being the best.In addition, use H
+Saturated zeolite prevents that the cause soil capillarity is not with the anti-alkali phenomenon that moves to table soil on the bottom NaOH and may cause.
2. plant nutrition is allocated link
Because of red mud does not contain organic matter substantially, the content of macronutrient (particularly nitrogen and potassium) is all lower.In bittern, add 0.5% composite chemical fertilizer, make the required nutrient of plant such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium be penetrated into red mud around the seedling cave, cover, treat that bittern red mud infiltration towards periphery finishes with plastic film with bittern.By filling seedling cave soil moved in to improve the original is used municipal sludge, increase the content of the soil organic matter and main nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus.For increasing the soil red mud, add ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite simultaneously for fertile persistence.
3. saline alkali tolerant plant screens link
Utilize the above-mentioned seedling cave soil of having improved, filter out according to specified place and suit local growing plants.Then the plant that screens is carried out large tracts of land at red mud yard and transplant plantation.
In order to reduce the input expense of red mud soilization, select the salt tolerant alkali herbaceous plant that the root district is shallow, can grow under pH＞8, EC＞2 dS/m ecological conditions.In the tropical and subtropical zone area, use puffin barnyard grass etc.; In the area, temperate zone, use alkali thatch etc.
The seedling cave of drilling on domatic.Inject bittern by the seedling cave, progressively be penetrated into red mud around the seedling cave, in reaching and the purpose of red mud water soluble alkali.The H that in the seedling cave, adds about 2 cm thicks
+Saturated zeolite is used the soil moved in to improve the original filling seedling cave of mixing with municipal sludge, ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite, and the careless seedling of selecting for use is transplanted in the seedling cave, is aided with suitable water management measure.
Appended drawings is the flow chart of this method, describes in detail and uses the basic step of this method at grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard.
The enforcement of embodiment this method is divided into three steps: determine the addition of bittern, determine addition and the ratio and the plant variety screening technique of municipal sludge, ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite.
1. determine the addition of bittern
Get 10 gram red mud samples (at least three repetitions), adding 25 ml deionized water or distilled water immersion spent the night or vibrates 1 hour, use the bittern titration of intending usefulness to pH 7 then, placement is spent the night, the pH value of second day working sample, if the bittern demand on every square metre of face of land according to the consumption of bittern, is calculated in pH value＜8 of sample with following formula
The unit weight (kilogram/cubic decimeter) * 150 (cubic decimeter) of the bittern demand (liter) on every square metre of face of land=(consumption of bittern (liter)/0.01 (kilogram)) * red mud
The every square metre of 20-30 in domatic seedling cave, each seedling cave diameter 8-12 centimetre, degree of depth 12-20 centimetre.Calculate the bittern demand according to above formula, by 1: 180-1: 230 (composite chemical fertilizer: bittern) weight ratio is dissolved in composite chemical fertilizer in the bittern, to contain composite chemical fertilizer bittern then and inject the seedling cave, cover with plastic film, after treating that bittern red mud infiltration towards periphery finishes, in each seedling cave, add the H of about 2 cm thicks
+Saturated zeolite.
2. determine the addition and the ratio of municipal sludge, ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite
Select full nitrogen, full phosphorus, the full potassium content municipal sludge 2.5%, 1%, more than 3% respectively for use.
Select the ammonium saturated zeolite of ammonium content more than 600mmol/kg for use, measuring ammonium saturated zeolite, to contain the method step of ammonium amount as follows: take by weighing 1g ammonium saturated zeolite (adopting three repetition samples), but measure desorb ammonium content with azotometer, and estimate the ammonium content of ammonium saturated zeolite with this.
Select the potassium saturated zeolite of potassium content more than 600mmol/kg for use, the method step of measuring potassium saturated zeolite potassium content is as follows: take by weighing 1g potassium saturated zeolite powder (adopt three and repeat sample) in the 100mL centrifuge tube, with the NH of 1mol/L
4OAC solution soaks diel by 1: 30 native extract than stirring the back, then with the potassium content in flame photometer or the atomic absorption spectrometry extract, and estimates the potassium content of potassium saturated zeolite with this.
Test shows: with the potassium saturated zeolite that adds 2% municipal sludge, 5% ammonium saturated zeolite and 5% economical and effective the most.
3. plant variety screening technique
Having filtered out the grass seeds that is adapted at the red mud yard plantation of tropical and subtropical zone area has puffin barnyard grass (Paspalum vaginatum Sw), and the grass seeds that is adapted at the red mud yard plantation of area, temperate zone has alkali thatch (Puccinellia ciliata).
Can filter out other local grass seeds according to specified place.Adopt earlier potted plant experiment to detect and variously wait to try herbal growth adaptability, and then carry out experiment in cultivation on the spot according to above-mentioned 1 and 2 methods in the solarium.Concrete grammar is as follows:
Use about 20 centimetres of diameter, high about 20 centimetres flowerpot, use the red mud filling.Red mud in the middle of flowerpot digs about 10 centimetres an of diameter, dark about 15 centimetres seedling cave, injects bittern and adds H by 1 method
+Saturated zeolite is by the 2 methods soil moved in to improve the original that filling is allocated through nutrition in the seedling cave.Wait to try grass seeds for every kind and repeat the sample test with five, experimental period, inserted to plant and is 2-3 month, and seed is sowed more than 3 months.From various candidates' grass seeds, choose the normal kind of growth (with close at the contrast normal soil corresponding kind growth and development state of growing be standard).
This method has the technical characteristic of following five aspects:
1. employed material mostly is former industry " waste material ", and input cost is low;
2. utilize the seedling hole irrigation to annotate in the alkali and bittern and filling soil moved in to improve the original, avoid bringing out serious erosion of soil and water because all stirring slope table soil;
3. filter out the efficient Salt And Alkali Tolerance grass seeds that is adapted at tropical and subtropical zone and the use of Temperate Region in China dry-extraction method red mud dump, alleviated the dynamics of red mud amelioration Fund input;
4. use H+Saturated zeolite can prevent the anti-alkali of following soil;
5. use ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite, for a long time regulating plant nutrition supply.
Claims (6)
1. method at grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard may further comprise the steps:
(1) with producing waste liquid bittern in the Salt production process, in red mud seedling cave, adds bittern, the pH value of red mud is reduced to 6-9, add H then as main material
+Saturated zeolite prevents the anti-alkali phenomenon of soil:
(2) add the nutrition supply that composite chemical fertilizer is allocated seedling cave soil moved in to improve the original and peripheral red mud, fill municipal sludge then, and add ammonium saturated zeolite and potassium saturated zeolite;
(3) utilize the seedling cave soil of above-mentioned improvement to suit to grow seedlings then, be transplanted to again in the seedling cave of above-mentioned improvement and grow local growing plants in laboratory screening.
2. according to the method for claim 1, the described interpolation bittern of step (1) wherein, its method of determining addition is: the unit weight (kilogram/cubic decimeter) * 150 (cubic decimeter) of the bittern demand (liter) on every square metre of face of land=(consumption of bittern (liter)/0.01 (kilogram)) * red mud.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the pH value of the described red mud of step (1) is reduced to 7-8.
According to the method for described interpolation bittern and composite chemical fertilizer of the process of claim 1 wherein for bittern and composite chemical fertilizer are injected the seedling cave simultaneously, cover the seedling cave with plastic film then, finish until bittern red mud infiltration towards periphery.
5. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that step (2) fills 2% municipal sludge, 5% ammonium saturated zeolite and 5% potassium saturated zeolite.
6. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the described screening of step (3) suits local growing plants, the plant in the tropical and subtropical zone area is the puffin barnyard grass, or the plant in the area, temperate zone is the alkali thatch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410085439 CN1620850A (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2005-02-04 | Method for grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410085439 CN1620850A (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2005-02-04 | Method for grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard |
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| CN1620850A true CN1620850A (en) | 2005-06-01 |
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| CN 200410085439 Pending CN1620850A (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2005-02-04 | Method for grassing in dry-extraction red mud yard |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100453189C (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2009-01-21 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院 | Stacking method for red mud |
| CN1843923B (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-01-19 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | House-sealing method for dry-process piling yard of red mud |
| CN103385097A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-13 | 华南农业大学 | Method for converting city sludge into plant products by utilizing pennisetum hydridum |
| CN104823748A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 郑州大学 | Method for preparing artificial soil combination from red mud by Bayer method and obtained artificial soil combination |
| CN105414146A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 河南理工大学 | Method for improving large amount of red mud soil and method for burning haycite from improved red mud |
| CN111822498A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-10-27 | 洲际环境科学研究院(广州)有限公司 | Method for treating acidic mine soil containing metal sulfide by using red mud as main material |
| CN113860675A (en) * | 2021-09-21 | 2021-12-31 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for controlling alkali by adopting solid combined reagent red mud |
| CN113860674A (en) * | 2021-09-21 | 2021-12-31 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for improving alkali control uniformity of red mud by using liquid magnesium chloride and ferric chloride |
-
2005
- 2005-02-04 CN CN 200410085439 patent/CN1620850A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843923B (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-01-19 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | House-sealing method for dry-process piling yard of red mud |
| CN100453189C (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2009-01-21 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院 | Stacking method for red mud |
| CN103385097A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-13 | 华南农业大学 | Method for converting city sludge into plant products by utilizing pennisetum hydridum |
| CN103385097B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-08-19 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid giant napier that utilizes transforms the method that municipal sludge is plant product |
| CN104823748A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 郑州大学 | Method for preparing artificial soil combination from red mud by Bayer method and obtained artificial soil combination |
| CN105414146A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 河南理工大学 | Method for improving large amount of red mud soil and method for burning haycite from improved red mud |
| CN111822498A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-10-27 | 洲际环境科学研究院(广州)有限公司 | Method for treating acidic mine soil containing metal sulfide by using red mud as main material |
| CN111822498B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-04-19 | 洲际环境科学研究院(广州)有限公司 | Method for treating acidic mine soil containing metal sulfide by using red mud as main material |
| CN113860675A (en) * | 2021-09-21 | 2021-12-31 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for controlling alkali by adopting solid combined reagent red mud |
| CN113860674A (en) * | 2021-09-21 | 2021-12-31 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for improving alkali control uniformity of red mud by using liquid magnesium chloride and ferric chloride |
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