CN1619246A - A Method for Avoiding Low Temperature Corrosion of Boiler Air Preheater - Google Patents
A Method for Avoiding Low Temperature Corrosion of Boiler Air Preheater Download PDFInfo
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- CN1619246A CN1619246A CNA2004100862391A CN200410086239A CN1619246A CN 1619246 A CN1619246 A CN 1619246A CN A2004100862391 A CNA2004100862391 A CN A2004100862391A CN 200410086239 A CN200410086239 A CN 200410086239A CN 1619246 A CN1619246 A CN 1619246A
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种有效利用电厂锅炉烟气中的废热并且能够避免锅炉的空气预热器发生低温腐蚀的方法，尤其应用于利用生物发电的电厂锅炉中。其中生物质为农作物秸秆、木屑、树枝等。The invention relates to a method for effectively utilizing waste heat in boiler flue gas of a power plant and avoiding low-temperature corrosion of an air preheater of the boiler, and is especially applied to boilers of power plants utilizing biomass for power generation. Among them, the biomass is crop straw, sawdust, branches and so on.
背景技术Background technique
现有技术中的锅炉的空气预热器，多是将空气预热器设置在锅炉的烟道内。CN2573978Y公开了一种加热炉烟道换热的可调式供风装置，将加热炉的烟道的换热段与空气预热器相套接，空气预热器的出口的引风管连接引风机的入口，经引风机的出口管连接吹入加热炉的燃烧器。在引风机的入口处增设了调风管。当空气预热器的出口烟气温度低于烟气的露点温度时，调风管可适当开启，从而减少空气预热器吸入的空气量，以此调节来保持排烟温度能恒定在其露点温度以上。US2002069836A1公开了一种装置，其应用于锅炉燃烧气体的预热装置中，预热装置设置在烟道中，用于将烟道废气中可利用的热量传递给进入锅炉燃烧气的燃烧空气中，从而实现节能。The air preheater of the boiler in the prior art is mostly arranged in the flue of the boiler. CN2573978Y discloses an adjustable air supply device for heat exchange in the flue of the heating furnace. The heat exchange section of the flue of the heating furnace is connected with the air preheater, and the air induction pipe at the outlet of the air preheater is connected to the induced draft fan. The inlet is connected to the burner blown into the heating furnace through the outlet pipe of the induced draft fan. A regulating duct is added at the entrance of the induced draft fan. When the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is lower than the dew point temperature of the flue gas, the air regulating pipe can be properly opened, thereby reducing the amount of air sucked by the air preheater, so as to keep the exhaust gas temperature constant at its dew point above temperature. US2002069836A1 discloses a device, which is applied to a boiler combustion gas preheating device. The preheating device is arranged in the flue, and is used to transfer the available heat in the flue gas to the combustion air entering the boiler combustion gas, thereby Realize energy saving.
以上两篇现有技术都是将空气预热器设置在锅炉烟道内，空气预热器的内部是以空气作为加热介质，烟道中的高温烟气流过空气预热器时，将高温烟气中的热量通过空气预热器的界面传递给内部的加热介质冷空气，从而使冷空气的温度升高，升温后的热空气进入锅炉的燃烧器中，从而实现节约燃料。同时，由于空气预热器中的冷空气带走烟道内的热烟气的热量，从而使热烟气的温度也能够得以降低。从而实现能量的有效利用。The above two existing technologies all set the air preheater in the boiler flue. The inside of the air preheater uses air as the heating medium. When the high-temperature flue gas in the flue flows through the air preheater, the high-temperature flue gas The heat in the boiler is transferred to the internal heating medium cold air through the interface of the air preheater, so that the temperature of the cold air rises, and the heated hot air enters the burner of the boiler, thereby saving fuel. At the same time, since the cold air in the air preheater takes away the heat of the hot flue gas in the flue, the temperature of the hot flue gas can also be reduced. Thereby realizing the efficient utilization of energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
现有技术中将空气预热器设置在烟道内，采用烟气与冷空气换热，空气预热器的烟气侧的受热面容易发生低温腐蚀，同时也会发生堵灰现象。如果空气预热器发生低温腐蚀和堵灰，则会引起传热恶化，降低锅炉的效率，增加锅炉的使用和维护费用。并进而导致送、引风机能耗增加。In the prior art, the air preheater is installed in the flue, and flue gas and cold air are used to exchange heat. The heating surface on the flue gas side of the air preheater is prone to low-temperature corrosion and ash blocking. If the air preheater has low-temperature corrosion and clogging, it will cause heat transfer deterioration, reduce boiler efficiency, and increase boiler use and maintenance costs. And in turn lead to the increase of energy consumption of the draft fan and the draft fan.
为了克服现有技术中发电锅炉空气预热器受热面容易发生烟气侧低温腐蚀，因而提供一种避免锅炉空气预热器发生低温腐蚀的方法，从而提高空气预热器的使用寿命，提高传热效率，降低锅炉的使用和维修费用，降低能耗，从根本上防止空气预热器受热面发生低温腐蚀和堵灰。In order to overcome the low-temperature corrosion on the flue gas side that is prone to occur on the heating surface of the air preheater of the power generation boiler in the prior art, a method for avoiding low-temperature corrosion of the boiler air preheater is provided, thereby increasing the service life of the air preheater and improving the transmission efficiency. Thermal efficiency, reduce boiler use and maintenance costs, reduce energy consumption, and fundamentally prevent low-temperature corrosion and ash blocking on the heating surface of the air preheater.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种避免空气预热器发生低温腐蚀的方法，空气预热器1设置在用于向锅炉提供配风的风道9中，空气预热器1外部被加热的工质为锅炉配风，内部加热用工质为锅炉给水。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a method for avoiding low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater. The externally heated working medium of the device 1 is the boiler distribution air, and the internally heated working medium is the boiler feed water.
空气预热器1的内部加热用工质锅炉给水由空气预热器1流出进入设置在烟道内的烟气冷却器2中，冷却烟道中的热烟气。The boiler feed water used for internal heating of the air preheater 1 flows out of the air preheater 1 into the flue gas cooler 2 arranged in the flue to cool the hot flue gas in the flue.
空气预热器1的内部加热用工质锅炉给水由空气预热器1流出进入设置在烟道内的省煤器3中。The boiler feed water used for internal heating of the air preheater 1 flows out of the air preheater 1 into the economizer 3 arranged in the flue.
由烟气冷却器2流出的锅炉给水进入设置在烟道内的省煤器3中。The boiler feed water flowing out from the flue gas cooler 2 enters the economizer 3 arranged in the flue.
空气预热器1的内部加热用工质锅炉给水由空气预热器1流出由给水控制阀5分成两路，一路进入设置在烟道内的烟气冷却器2中，冷却烟道中的热烟气，由烟气冷却器2流出的锅炉给水进入设置在烟道内的省煤器3中，另一路直接进入设置在烟道内的省煤器3中。The boiler feed water used for internal heating of the air preheater 1 flows out of the air preheater 1 and is divided into two paths by the feed water control valve 5, and one path enters the flue gas cooler 2 installed in the flue to cool the hot flue gas in the flue , the boiler feed water flowing out of the flue gas cooler 2 enters the economizer 3 arranged in the flue, and the other way directly enters the economizer 3 arranged in the flue.
空气预热器1内部为鳍片管和或光管组成的管束。The interior of the air preheater 1 is a tube bundle composed of finned tubes and or bare tubes.
烟气冷却器2内部为鳍片管和或光管组成的管束。The inside of the flue gas cooler 2 is a tube bundle composed of finned tubes and or bare tubes.
流入空气预热器1的内部加热用工质锅炉给水来自于除氧器或给水箱。锅炉为利用生物发电的锅炉，所述的生物为农作物秸秆、木屑或树枝。The internal heating boiler feed water flowing into the air preheater 1 comes from a deaerator or a feed water tank. The boiler is a boiler that utilizes biomass to generate electricity, and the biomass is crop straw, sawdust or tree branches.
在送风机出口的风道中布置有空气预热器，空气预热器内部由鳍片管、光管组成的管束或者其它结构形式的受热面，受热面外部被加热的工质为空气；内部加热用工质为热水，热水来自于锅炉给水。空气通过空气预热器后，吸收锅炉给水中的部分热量。加热后的热空气直接用作锅炉燃烧配风，即—锅炉点火风、锅炉下部的主燃料风和锅炉二次风。An air preheater is arranged in the air duct at the outlet of the blower. The inside of the air preheater is a tube bundle composed of finned tubes, bare tubes or other structural forms of the heating surface. The heated working medium outside the heating surface is air; The working medium is hot water, which comes from boiler feed water. After the air passes through the air preheater, it absorbs part of the heat from the boiler feed water. The heated hot air is directly used as boiler combustion air distribution, namely—boiler ignition air, main fuel air in the lower part of the boiler and boiler secondary air.
由于空气预热器全部布置在风道中，不采用烟气—空气换热，因此不存在低温腐蚀和堵灰的问题。送风机出口的风道中布置有空气预热器，空气预热器采用锅炉给水作为加热介质，锅炉给水进入到空气预热器后，将锅炉给水中的部分热量传递到空气侧，加热来自于环境温度的空气，被加热后的空气直接用作锅炉燃烧配风，即—锅炉点火风、锅炉下部的主燃料风和锅炉二次风。由于空气预热器不采用烟气作为加热介质，因而可以从根本上防止空气预热器发生低温腐蚀。Since the air preheaters are all arranged in the air duct and do not use flue gas-air heat exchange, there is no problem of low-temperature corrosion and ash blocking. An air preheater is arranged in the air duct at the outlet of the blower. The air preheater uses boiler feed water as the heating medium. After the boiler feed water enters the air preheater, part of the heat in the boiler feed water is transferred to the air side, and the heating comes from the ambient temperature. The heated air is directly used as the boiler combustion air distribution, that is, the boiler ignition air, the main fuel air in the lower part of the boiler and the secondary air of the boiler. Because the air preheater does not use flue gas as the heating medium, it can fundamentally prevent low temperature corrosion of the air preheater.
为了保证锅炉效率，锅炉必须有比较低的排烟热损失，需将排烟温度降低到一定限度，因此必须在烟道中布置有足够的冷却用受热面。所以在烟道中除布置有过热器和省煤器之外，还布置有烟气冷却器。适当控制水温和锅炉排烟温度，可使烟气冷却器冷端的壁面温度高于烟气露点温度，防止发生低温腐蚀。而且可以采用各种形式的吹灰器清除烟气冷却器传热面上的积灰，防止积灰对壁面的腐蚀和提高传热效率。In order to ensure the efficiency of the boiler, the boiler must have a relatively low exhaust heat loss, and the exhaust gas temperature must be reduced to a certain limit, so there must be sufficient heating surfaces for cooling in the flue. Therefore, in addition to the superheater and economizer, a flue gas cooler is also arranged in the flue. Proper control of water temperature and boiler exhaust gas temperature can make the wall temperature of the cold end of the flue gas cooler higher than the flue gas dew point temperature, preventing low-temperature corrosion. Moreover, various forms of soot blowers can be used to remove the ash accumulation on the heat transfer surface of the flue gas cooler, so as to prevent the ash accumulation from corroding the wall surface and improve the heat transfer efficiency.
给水控制阀的作用是调节进入烟气冷却器中锅炉给水的流量，根据不同的燃料和锅炉负荷调节烟气冷却器的吸热量、水温以及锅炉的排烟温度，保证锅炉具有良好的效率的同时，又能够防止烟气冷却器的壁面温度低于烟气露点温度，防止发生低温腐蚀。The function of the feed water control valve is to adjust the flow of boiler feed water entering the flue gas cooler, adjust the heat absorption, water temperature and exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas cooler according to different fuels and boiler loads, and ensure that the boiler has good efficiency. At the same time, it can prevent the temperature of the wall surface of the flue gas cooler from being lower than the dew point temperature of the flue gas, thereby preventing low-temperature corrosion.
本实用新型的有益效果是，(1)从根本上防止空气预热器受热面发生低温腐蚀和堵灰，避免由于空气预热器发生低温腐蚀和堵灰而引起锅炉效率降低。(2)可以降低空气预热器的运行成本以及检修、维护量，起到节约电厂生产成本的作用。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) fundamentally prevent low-temperature corrosion and ash blocking on the heating surface of the air preheater, and avoid boiler efficiency reduction caused by low-temperature corrosion and ash blocking in the air preheater. (2) It can reduce the operating cost, repair and maintenance of the air preheater, and play a role in saving the production cost of the power plant.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图1是本发明的优选实施例的示意流程图。Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic flow diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图1中：1、空气预热器，2、烟气冷却器，3、省煤器，4、除氧器或给水箱，5、给水控制阀，6、风机，7、锅炉给水泵，8、锅炉配风9、风道，10、烟道，11、旁路。In Figure 1: 1. Air preheater, 2. Flue gas cooler, 3. Economizer, 4. Deaerator or feed water tank, 5. Feed water control valve, 6. Fan, 7. Boiler feed water pump, 8 , Boiler air distribution 9, air duct, 10, flue, 11, bypass.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图1中，一种避免锅炉空气预热器发生低温腐蚀的方法，在向锅炉燃烧器供风的风道9中布置有空气预热器1，空气预热器内部由鳍片管、光管组成的管束或者其它结构形式的受热面，空气预热器1中被加热的工质为空气；加热用工质为热水，热水可以是来自除氧器，可以来自锅炉给水箱，也可以是来自于其它部分的可利用的热水。风道9中的空气通过空气预热器后，吸收热水中的部分热量，加热后的热空气直接用作锅炉配风，被空气预热器1冷却后的水，离开空气预热器1后，进入到给水控制阀5，由给水控制阀5出口分为两路。一路进入烟气冷却器2，烟气冷却器2为鳍片管、光管组成的管束或者其它结构形式的受热面，设置在锅炉烟道10中，烟气冷却器2内的水介质与流过烟道10的热烟气进行热交换，吸收热烟气中的热量，然后流出烟气冷却器2。流出烟气冷却器2的热水再进入设置于烟道10内的省煤器3中，然后再由省煤器3流出。另一路则直接通过旁路11，与烟气冷却器2流出的热水介质汇合后再再进入到省煤器3，然后再由省煤器3流出。当然空气预热器1的出水也可以全部进入烟气冷却器2，然后再进入省煤器。或者空气预热器1的出水全部直接进入省煤器烟气冷却器2。In Fig. 1, a method for avoiding low-temperature corrosion of the boiler air preheater, an air preheater 1 is arranged in the air duct 9 supplying air to the boiler burner, and the inside of the air preheater is composed of finned tubes, bare tubes The heated working medium in the air preheater 1 is air; the heated working medium is hot water, and the hot water can come from the deaerator, the boiler feed water tank, or is available hot water from other parts. After the air in the air duct 9 passes through the air preheater, it absorbs part of the heat in the hot water, and the heated hot air is directly used as boiler air distribution, and the water cooled by the air preheater 1 leaves the air preheater 1 Finally, it enters the water supply control valve 5, and is divided into two paths by the water supply control valve 5 outlet. All the way into the flue gas cooler 2, the flue gas cooler 2 is a tube bundle composed of finned tubes, light tubes or other structural forms of the heating surface, set in the boiler flue 10, the water medium in the flue gas cooler 2 and the flow The hot flue gas passing through the flue 10 performs heat exchange, absorbs the heat in the hot flue gas, and then flows out of the flue gas cooler 2 . The hot water flowing out of the flue gas cooler 2 enters the economizer 3 arranged in the flue 10 , and then flows out of the economizer 3 . The other path directly passes through the bypass 11, merges with the hot water medium flowing out of the flue gas cooler 2, then enters the economizer 3, and then flows out of the economizer 3. Of course, all the outlet water from the air preheater 1 can also enter the flue gas cooler 2, and then enter the economizer. Or all the outlet water from the air preheater 1 directly enters the economizer flue gas cooler 2 .
以上实施例只是本发明的要求保护的避免锅炉空气预热器发生低温腐蚀的方法及其系统优选实施方式。本领域的技术人员可以在此基础上做进一步的改进和改变，但是在不脱离本发明的实质的前提下，都落入本发明的保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only preferred implementations of the claimed method and system for avoiding low-temperature corrosion of boiler air preheaters in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make further improvements and changes on this basis, but all fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the essence of the present invention.
Claims (12)
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| CNB2004100862391A CN100541000C (en) | 2004-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | A Method for Avoiding Low Temperature Corrosion of Boiler Air Preheater |
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| CN100541000C CN100541000C (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103380329A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-10-30 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Boiler plant |
| CN104122193A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-29 | 西安交通大学 | Device for synchronously monitoring low-temperature corrosion process and state of flue gas cooler online |
| CN106439779A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-02-22 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Device for preventing low-temperature corrosion of boiler air preheater |
| CN106765015A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 江联重工集团股份有限公司 | One kind prevents the biomass fluid bed boiler of low-temperature corrosion of air preheater and system |
| CN107013900A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-04 | 恩极而（上海）能源科技有限公司 | It is a kind of with the boiler air preheating device and its pre-heating mean that condensate is medium |
| CN111828951A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-27 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | A kind of method and boiler structure to avoid low temperature corrosion of heating surface of boiler tail |
| CN113639260A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-12 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Biomass boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system |
| CN115183242A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-14 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | A low-temperature corrosion control device for the rear heating surface of a waste incineration waste heat boiler |
-
2004
- 2004-10-28 CN CNB2004100862391A patent/CN100541000C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103380329A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-10-30 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Boiler plant |
| CN103380329B (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2016-06-22 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Boiler plant |
| CN104122193A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-10-29 | 西安交通大学 | Device for synchronously monitoring low-temperature corrosion process and state of flue gas cooler online |
| CN106439779A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-02-22 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Device for preventing low-temperature corrosion of boiler air preheater |
| CN106765015A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 江联重工集团股份有限公司 | One kind prevents the biomass fluid bed boiler of low-temperature corrosion of air preheater and system |
| CN107013900A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-04 | 恩极而（上海）能源科技有限公司 | It is a kind of with the boiler air preheating device and its pre-heating mean that condensate is medium |
| CN111828951A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-27 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | A kind of method and boiler structure to avoid low temperature corrosion of heating surface of boiler tail |
| CN113639260A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-12 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Biomass boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system |
| CN113639260B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-08-15 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Biomass boiler flue gas waste heat recovery system |
| CN115183242A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-14 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | A low-temperature corrosion control device for the rear heating surface of a waste incineration waste heat boiler |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100541000C (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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