CN104122193A - Device for synchronously monitoring low-temperature corrosion process and state of flue gas cooler online - Google Patents
Device for synchronously monitoring low-temperature corrosion process and state of flue gas cooler online Download PDFInfo
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- CN104122193A CN104122193A CN201410360757.1A CN201410360757A CN104122193A CN 104122193 A CN104122193 A CN 104122193A CN 201410360757 A CN201410360757 A CN 201410360757A CN 104122193 A CN104122193 A CN 104122193A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for synchronously monitoring the low-temperature corrosion process and state of a flue gas cooler online. The device comprises at least one constant-wall-temperature heat exchange tube which is composed of a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section in sequence from top to bottom; when the device is used for monitoring, the evaporation section of the constant-wall-temperature heat exchange tube is positioned in a tail flue, and the outer wall of the evaporation section is connected with a thermocouple through a lead; the condensation section of the constant-wall-temperature heat exchange tube is externally connected with a forced-convection heat-radiation sleeve; an opening is formed in the bottom of the forced-convection heat-radiation sleeve and a hole is formed in the top of the forced-convection heat-radiation sleeve and is connected with a blower through an air pipeline; the air pipeline on each section of the forced-convection heat-radiation sleeve is provided with a regulating valve for regulating the air flow rate; the constant-wall-temperature heat exchange tube is internally provided with a medium for heat exchange. The device is simple in structure without complex connection, achieves the implementation convenience and can realize the off-line monitoring; the metal wall temperature is constant and the low-temperature corrosion process and state of heat exchangers at the same level can be truly reflected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the monitoring technical field of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state, relate to the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state.
Background technology
For fuel-burning power plant, heat loss due to exhaust gas is one maximum in boiler various heat losses, generally 5%～8%, accounts for the 80% even higher of the total thermal loss of boiler.The principal element that affects heat loss due to exhaust gas is exhaust gas temperature, and the exhaust gas temperature actual motion value of the many station boilers of China reaches 130 DEG C～150 DEG C, higher than approximately 20 DEG C～50 DEG C of design loads; Significantly reduce exhaust gas temperature and will greatly improve the economy of station boiler.Find through actual computation: exhaust gas temperature can reduce by 35 DEG C of left and right, and system powergenerationcycleefficiency improves more than 0.5%, every degree electricity is saved more than 1.5 grams standard coal equivalent, has obvious energy-saving and emission-reduction potentiality.
Reduce exhaust gas temperature, need to can realize the cooling heat-exchange device of the flue gas degree of depth the back-end ductwork setting of boiler, be flue gas deep cooler, carry out the cooling recovering waste heat of the effective flue gas degree of depth and must solve in flue gas the corrosive gas cold end corrosion problem causing of condensing.When the cold end corrosion of station boiler refers to heat exchanger heating surface, flue, blower fan wall metal temperature (hereinafter referred to as wall temperature) lower than flue gas acid dew point, acidic oxide in flue gas and water vapor are combined into acid vapor and condense on metal wall, and heat-exchange tube heating surface or metal wall are produced to cold end corrosion.For boiler, cold end corrosion mostly occurs at air preheater cold junction, electrostatic precipitator, flue gas deep cooler, desulfurizer, back-end ductwork and chimney etc.Cold end corrosion in boiler typically refers to by the SO in flue gas
3the sulfuric acid corrosion causing, this is mainly because SO
3higher in conjunction with the acid dew point forming with water vapor.When cold end corrosion is serious, can cause frequent meeting in service be forced to reduce boiler load or cause in a large number and leak out because cold end corrosion penetrates backplate because of the serious stifled ash of flue gas deep cooler and air preheater.Cold end corrosion meeting increases the weight of dust stratification, and dust stratification stops up exhaust gases passes, and air inducing resistance increment reduces boiler output, even causes and is forced to blowing out.Cold end corrosion is seriously changed the replacing and the flue that cause a large amount of heat exchanger heating surfaces, causes massive losses economically.Accurately judge the temperature that cold end corrosion occurs, boiler is reduced as far as possible under safe operation condition to cigarette temperature significant.
External the mid-40 in 20th century has just been found cold end corrosion and has done the work of a large amount of cold end corrosion performance study.The energy crisis of 20 century 70s forces various countries to start to reduce exhaust gas temperature; improve boiler thermal output; save the energy; afterwards; the research emphasis of cold end corrosion has been transferred on the performance study of cold end corrosion mechanism and cold end corrosion speed; be mainly to determine by test the minimum exhaust gas temperature that heating surface can bear, experimental technique mainly contains: acid soak test, laboratory simulation test and move on-the-spot corrosion test.Because sulfuric acid soak test, laboratory simulation test are simpler than site test, therefore, people have been placed on a large amount of energy in sulfuric acid soak test, and have drawn a large amount of achievements in research; But there is a great difference in the corrosion mechanism of acid soak test and the corrosion mechanism at actual gas cooler scene, its result of study is difficult to instruct the gas cooler of actual motion; And laboratory simulation test is mainly the cold end corrosion testing table of building simulated flue gas atmosphere, by controlling SO in flue-gas temperature, flue gas
3content, different metal material kind and metallic walls surface temperature are studied cold end corrosion performance, laboratory simulation test can regulate various factors more accurately, have the impact on acid dew point and sulfuric acid dewing corrosion mechanism but etching time is short and cannot effectively simulate ash content, this has caused experimental result and actual result to differ greatly.Finally, researchist must not carry out cold end corrosion test less than boiler actual motion scene, and the result that industrial field draws is actual close to producing, and has important reference value, for boiler design person provides valuable boiler design experience.
Why the computing formula of the station boiler acid dew point providing in past Soviet Union's boiler textbook is accepted by vast boiler design personnel, be exactly the production reality from site test because of this acid dew point formula, but, two-tube or the multitube structure of U-shaped tubular type that the on-the-spot industrial corrosion test experimental provision in past generally adopts European to design, complex structure, this structure need to destroy flue could be on flue installation testing, after test, flue need to be destroyed and test section could be taken out, cause on-the-spot auxiliary preliminary work amount very large, test period is long, sometimes also to during stopping repairing, could install unit, dismounting, bring very large difficulty to boiler heat-exchanger cold end corrosion research work.Applicant has been invented a kind of experimental provision for the research of flue gas low-temperature corrosive nature (CN 202041446 U) based on above background technology, this device can not blowing out with inserting with use, solved a difficult problem for Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger cold end corrosion experiment; Utilize this device on China 600MW and 1000MW unit, to complete first the on-the-spot cold end corrosion experiment of 6 kinds of steel, surperficial infiltration layer and surface coatings, propose limited corrosion rate design and corrode anti-control techniques, solve the great technical barrier that dust stratification and cold end corrosion coupling cause obstruction, booster blowing out, realized the real-time long period safe and highly efficient operation of flue gas deep cooler.But above experimental provision has just solved a short-term experiment difficult problem for material at low temperature corrosion rate, and the numerical value that long-term cold end corrosion speed is or extrapolation average according to the corrosion rate of short-term experiment, the long-term true corrosion rate of the gas cooler of actual motion still cannot be learnt, when unit normally moves, the actual motion pipeline section that can not regularly extract again gas cooler carries out offline inspection to obtain the cold end corrosion speed of actual motion pipeline section; More difficultly, due to the synergy of corrosion of sulfuric acid at dew point and dust stratification, do not have a kind of detection method can on-line monitoring real exchanger the cold end corrosion situation of tube bank, therefore, must invention a kind of can Simultaneous Monitoring gas cooler cold end corrosion process and the device of state, this device can be synchronously in the duty identical with gas cooler (comprising ature of coal, load etc.), and the corrosion pipeline section that can intercept this device in the time of unit prophylactic repair carries out offline inspection, thereby the cold end corrosion speed that obtains heat exchanger tube is exactly more than background of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state, can insert at any time boiler back end ductwork to realize the cold end corrosion process of gas cooler heat exchanger tube and the synchronous on-line monitoring of state, the corrosion pipeline section that can intercept again this device when unit prophylactic repair carries out offline inspection, thereby obtains the cold end corrosion speed of heat-exchanging tube bundle.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
The synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state, comprise at least one permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is from top to bottom successively by condensation segment, adiabatic section and evaporator section composition, when monitoring, the evaporator section of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is placed in back-end ductwork 1, and the outer wall of evaporator section is connected with thermopair 2 by wire, the condensation segment of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is externally connected with the sleeve pipe 4 of forced convertion heat radiation, sleeve pipe 4 bottoms of described forced convertion heat radiation are opening, top drilling is also connected by air pipe line 6 with fan blower 7, on air pipe line 6 on sleeve pipe 4 branch roads of described each forced convertion heat radiation, be equipped with variable valve 5 cooling to guarantee that permanent wall temperature heat interchanger obtains appropriateness with regulation and control air mass flow, in described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, be useful on the medium of heat exchange.
With reference to the minimum tube wall temperature of the gas cooler of real work, the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 that the 3 kinds of tube wall temperature variations in one group of upper, middle and lower is set according to load change scope is as one group, then the frequency n that need to overhaul according to unit actual motion, arranges the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 pipe group numbers that n group needs offline inspection.
Between the outer sleeve pipe 4 with forced convertion heat radiation of the condensation segment of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, adopt and be welded in that sleeve pipe 4 that forced convertion dispels the heat is interior to be positioned along 360 ° of 3 uniform fixing longitudinal fins 11 of circumference.
In described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, be water or the working medium of boiling point in heat interchanger operating temperature range for the medium of heat exchange; The working medium boiling temperature of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 interior fillings determines by its overpressure is only, and that this boiling temperature can arrange is identical with heat interchanger metal outer wall face working temperature.
When monitoring, the evaporator section of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is placed in back-end ductwork 1, and permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is connected with flue outer wall 13 by flange 12.
Described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 can be after boiler operatiopn special time, and dismantles, installs under the state of not blowing out, and does not destroy boiler body and heat exchanger body structure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process of the present invention and state is simple in structure, connects without complicated, implements also more convenient and reliable results.
(2) the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device for gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state of the present invention has the stable advantage of tube wall temperature, can truly reflect cold end corrosion process and the state of back-end ductwork gas cooler, simultaneously can offline inspection obtain the cold end corrosion speed of flue gas heat-exchange unit.
(3) the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device for gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state of the present invention can be in boiler operatiopn, i.e. under not blowing out state, mount and dismount.
(4) the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device for gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state of the present invention, the heat exchanger tube of a series of different temperatures, different etching times can be set in flue, understand more all sidedly the cold end corrosion situation of gas cooler pipeline.
(5) the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device for gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state of the present invention, the temperature that accurately cold end corrosion reliably occurs can be provided, install gas cooler additional for power plant and determine minimum safe operation temperature, farthest carry out UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, save coal-fired.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of the present invention's a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state.
Fig. 2 is the location structure of the inside pipe casing of the forced heat radiation of the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process of the present invention and state.
Fig. 3 is the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube of synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process of the present invention and state and the connected mode of back-end ductwork.
Fig. 4 is the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube principle of work schematic diagram of the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process of the present invention and state.
In figure, 1. back-end ductwork, 2. thermopair, 3. permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube, the 4. sleeve pipe of forced heat radiation, 5. variable valve, 6. air pipe line, 7. fan blower, 8. steam, 9. condensed fluid, 11. fins, 12. flanges, 13. flue outer walls.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of the present invention's a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state, comprise at least one permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is from top to bottom successively by condensation segment, adiabatic section and evaporator section composition, when monitoring, the evaporator section of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is placed in back-end ductwork 1, and the outer wall of evaporator section is connected with thermopair 2 by wire, the condensation segment of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is externally connected with the sleeve pipe 4 of forced convertion heat radiation, sleeve pipe 4 bottoms of described forced convertion heat radiation are opening, top drilling is also connected by air pipe line 6 with fan blower 7, on air pipe line 6 on sleeve pipe 4 branch roads of described each forced convertion heat radiation, be equipped with variable valve 5 with regulation and control air mass flow, in described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, be useful on the medium of heat exchange.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the minimum tube wall temperature of the gas cooler of real work, the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 that the 3 kinds of tube wall temperature variations in one group of upper, middle and lower is set according to load change scope is as one group, then the frequency n that need to overhaul according to unit actual motion, arranges the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 pipe group numbers that n group needs offline inspection.
The inwall of single permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is determined tube wall temperature by managing interior actuating medium temperature; Under normal operating conditions, permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 working temperatures are determined by overpressure is unique.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, be water or the working medium of boiling point in heat interchanger operating temperature range for the medium of heat exchange.
As shown in Figure 2, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, between the outer sleeve pipe 4 with forced convertion heat radiation of the condensation segment of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, adopt to be welded in that sleeve pipe 4 that forced convertion dispels the heat is interior to be positioned along 360 ° of 3 uniform fixing longitudinal fins 11 of circumference.
As shown in Figure 3, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, when monitoring, the evaporator section of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is placed in back-end ductwork 1, and permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is connected with flue outer wall 13 by flange 12.
Embodiment
In permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3, be filled with the working medium water for heat exchange, or employing medium boiling point other working medium in heat interchanger operating temperature range, when the overpressure of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is determined, the saturation temperature of its inner actuating medium is also unique to be determined, thereby has ensured the stable of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 pipe surface temperatures; Fan blower 7 high velocity air is sent in the sleeve pipe 4 of forced heat radiation by air pipe line 6, regulates and controls air mass flow by variable valve 5; Permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 condensation segments carry out heat exchange with the air that passes into sleeve pipe 4.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, principle of work of the present invention is: in flow of flue gas direction, the evaporator section of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is arranged in back-end ductwork 1, the evaporator section of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 directly corrodes in flue gas atmosphere, liquid working media in permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 is subject to thermal evaporation to form steam 8, steam 8 is up arrives condensation segment through adiabatic section, forms condensed fluid 9 in condensation segment condensation, and condensed fluid 9 is got back to evaporator section along wall.So moving in circles, it is constant to realize the wall temperature of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3.Utilize fan blower 7 to realize the forced-convection heat transfer of air and permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 condensation segments, and realize various heat exchange amount by variable valve 5, make the interior actuating medium of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube 3 condensation in condensation segment of different temperatures.
The invention belongs to the device for the synchronous on-line monitoring of gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state, can truly reflect the cold end corrosion situation of gas cooler under different temperatures and flue gas environment, can the real cold end corrosion process of synchronously simulating heat exchanger tube and state, after operation special time, do not need blowing out, just can dismantle online one group of experiment pipeline section, and this experiment pipeline section is carried out to offline inspection, thereby obtain the cold end corrosion speed of this pipeline section, this corrosion rate can represent the truth of heat interchanger corrosion, a kind of simple, efficiently, real result is reliable, do not need to destroy heat exchanger body and just can know the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of the true process of heat interchanger cold end corrosion and state.
Claims (6)
1. the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a gas cooler cold end corrosion process and state, it is characterized in that: comprise at least one permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3), described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) is from top to bottom successively by condensation segment, adiabatic section and evaporator section composition, when monitoring, the evaporator section of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) is placed in back-end ductwork (1), and the outer wall of evaporator section is connected with thermopair (2) by wire, the condensation segment of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) is externally connected with the sleeve pipe (4) of forced convertion heat radiation, sleeve pipe (4) bottom of described forced convertion heat radiation is opening, top drilling is also connected by air pipe line (6) with fan blower (7), on air pipe line (6) on sleeve pipe (4) branch road of described each forced convertion heat radiation, be equipped with variable valve (5) regulation and control air mass flow cooling to guarantee that permanent wall temperature heat interchanger obtains appropriateness,
In described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3), be useful on the medium of heat exchange.
2. the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process according to claim 1 and state, it is characterized in that: with reference to the minimum tube wall temperature of the gas cooler of real work, the permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) that the 3 kinds of tube wall temperature variations in one group of upper, middle and lower is set according to load change scope is as one group, then the frequency n that need to overhaul according to unit actual motion, arranges permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) the pipe group number that n group needs offline inspection.
3. the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process according to claim 1 and state, is characterized in that: between the sleeve pipe (4) that condensation segment is outer and forced convertion is dispelled the heat of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3), adopt in the sleeve pipe (4) that is welded in forced convertion heat radiation and position along 360 ° of 3 uniform fixing longitudinal fins (11) of circumference.
4. the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process according to claim 1 and state, is characterized in that: in described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3), be water or the working medium of working medium boiling point in heat interchanger metal outer wall face operating temperature range for the medium of heat exchange; The working medium boiling temperature of interior the filling of permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) is only definite by its overpressure, and that this boiling temperature can arrange is identical with heat interchanger metal outer wall face working temperature.
5. the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process according to claim 1 and state, it is characterized in that: when monitoring, the evaporator section of described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) is placed in back-end ductwork (1), and permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) is connected with flue outer wall (13) by flange (12).
6. the synchronous on-Line Monitor Device of a kind of gas cooler cold end corrosion process according to claim 1 and state, it is characterized in that: described permanent wall temperature heat exchanger tube (3) can be after boiler operatiopn special time, and under the state of not blowing out, dismantle, install, and do not destroy boiler body and heat exchanger body structure.
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| CN112126931A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-25 | 华帝股份有限公司 | Corrosive liquid and application thereof |
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| CN112126931A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-25 | 华帝股份有限公司 | Corrosive liquid and application thereof |
| CN113567006A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 济南市计量检定测试院 | Biomass boiler waste heat utilization safety wall temperature test system and test method |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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