CN1617037A - Broadband envelope flat full optical fiber multiple wavelength Raman laser - Google Patents
Broadband envelope flat full optical fiber multiple wavelength Raman laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of optical fiber laser technology, and features that the full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser with flat broadband envelope consists of high nonlinearity Raman gain fiber, two wideband WDM couplers connected on two sides of the Raman gain fiber separately, zero-dispersion high nonlinearity fiber, comb filter, wideband fiber loop reflectors on two ends and fibers to constitute laser transmission channel. The full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser may have increased optical coupler and wideband fiber coupler to constitute single-way circulating fiber ring cavity. Compared with conventional optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser, the present invention has the advantages of utilizing pump source with small wavelength number in obtaining flat broadband envelope and flexible waveband design of the output laser spectrum.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber laser and optical fiber communication, Fibre Optical Sensor and spectral measurement methods field, particularly a kind of fibre optic Raman laser swashs penetrates the method and the smooth multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of broadband envelope thereof of spectrum envelope broadening and planarization.
Background technology
Along with the rapid growth of multiple communication services such as data, voice, image, multimedia, Fibre Optical Communication Technology is rapidly developed.Adopting wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) transmission technology is to realize optical fiber telecommunications system upgrading and dilatation economy, valid approach the most, can export simultaneously a plurality of wavelength, output laser spectrum envelope smooth, swash the key that the lasing light emitter of penetrating stability of characteristics and compact conformation becomes this technology of realization.Multiple-wavelength laser can make that the design of light transmitting terminal is more compact, economical simultaneously for a plurality of channels provide required optical carrier source, thereby has important use to be worth in wdm system.Simultaneously, multiple-wavelength laser also has purposes widely in technical fields such as profile fiber sensing and spectral measurements.Therefore, the multiple-wavelength laser that satisfies the 1550nm wave band that WDM technology requires becomes research and development focus in recent years.
Yan Jiu multiple-wavelength laser has four types now:
1, multi-wavelength semiconductor laser array: this is a kind of monolithic integrated device by distributed feed-back (DFB) diode laser matrix, star coupler and image intensifer group structure: DFB array emission multi beam different wavelength of laser, and synthetic a branch of by star coupler; For compensating excessive coupling loss, synthetic multiwavelength laser bundle is exported with external single-mode fiber coupling after amplifying again.This monolithic integrated device of having reported is of a size of 1 * 4mm
2, 18 wavelength lasers of output in the 1513-1578nm scope, wavelength spacing 3.7nm, side mode suppression ratio can reach 35dB, but the different wavelength of laser power difference has 10dB above (C.E.Zah, F.J.Favire, and et al., Electronics Letters, 1992,28 (25): 2361).
The advantage of this integrated multi-wavelength DFB array is the structure compact, but because preparation technology requires highly, the excitation wavelength number is limited, and is difficult to realize impartial wavelength interval and the smooth laser spectrum of envelope.
2, Multiwavelength Erbium-doped Fiber Laser: this is a kind of full fiber type device, because of it is convenient to directly be connected with other optical fibre device, so extremely people's favor.In Er-doped fiber (EDF) laser cavity, embed a comb filter and select element as wavelength, because the radiation spectrum of EDF shows even spreading characteristic under the room temperature, swash and penetrate the very strong mode competition of existence in the process, generally can not export a plurality of optical maser wavelengths simultaneously.Therefore, need to adopt the special technique means to realize stable multi-wavelength output.For example:
1. adopt liquid nitrogen that EDF is cooled to 77K and make it to present the inhomogeneous broadening spectral property, the EDF laser instrument of an interpolation comb filter obtains 11 stable laser lines near 1535nm, wavelength interval 0.65nm (J.Chow, G.Town, B.Eggleton, M.Ibsen, K.Sugden, and I.Bennion, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1996,8 (1): 60-62);
2. adopting Multiple Quantum Well (MQW) waveguide to change polarization state of light strengthens EDF laser cavity polarisation hole-burning effect, an EDF laser instrument of making reverberator with the MQW waveguide is exported 11 laser lines in the 1559-1569nm scope, wavelength interval 0.9nm (J.Sun, J.Qiu, and D.Huang, Optics Communications, 2000,182:193-197);
3. adopt and in fiber laser cavity, introduce acousto-optic shift frequency mechanism to prevent the vibration of laser cavity single longitudinal mode, the EDF laser instrument of interpolation acousto-optic filter, comb filter and a gain flattening filter is exported 34 laser lines in the 1535-1562nm scope, wavelength interval 0.8nm (S.K.Kim, M.J.Chu, D.H.Lee, J.G.Kim, OFC ' 2000, paper ThA3).
Obviously, above-mentioned realization EDF laser instrument multi-wavelength swashs the technology more complicated of penetrating, and cost is higher; In addition, because the unevenness of EDF intrinsic gain spectrum is difficult to obtain the smooth multiwavelength laser spectrum of envelope.
3, multi-wavelength Brillouin scattering/EDF laser instrument: form annular laser cavity with general single mode fiber and EDF, non-linear stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in the optical fiber is combined with the linear amplification effect of EDF, need not comb filter, export 53 laser lines under the room temperature in the 1554-1559nm scope, each wavelength is corresponding stokes scattering component (K.D.Park, J.H.Park at different levels respectively, N.Park, and et al., OFC ' 2000, paper ThA4).
Because the SBS frequency shift amount of 1550nm wave band is generally about 10GHz in single-mode fiber, has determined this multi-wavelength to swash the mechanism of penetrating and to have realized the output of any wavelength interval based on SBS.
4, multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser: the stimulated Raman scattering in the optical fiber (SRS) at room temperature has the gain characteristic of inhomogeneous broadening, is particularly suitable for being used for realizing the fiber laser of multi-wavelength output.The multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of having reported all adopts the laser of single or multiple wavelength to carry out pumping, at present best experimental result goes up report by people such as Kim international optical communication meeting in 2002 (OFC ' 2002), utilize the semiconductor laser diode pumping 16km dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) of three wavelength, insert comb filter in the chamber and select element as wavelength, (realized the laser output of 58 wavelength 3dB) in the 23.8nm bandwidth, the wavelength interval is 0.4nm (N.S.Kim, X.Zou, and K.Lewis, OFC ' 2002, paper ThGG21).
Penetrate bandwidth merely based on the multiple-wavelength laser of SRS effect in the DCF chamber though increase pumping wave long number can be expanded to swash for this, have the subject matter of two aspects:
1. because the output laser that a plurality of wavelength pumping produces spectrum generates the envelope of multi-peak,, also be difficult to obtain the smooth multi-wavelength output laser spectrum of envelope even carefully adjust pumping wavelength and power configuration thereof.
2. as increase the envelope flatness that the pumping wave long number improves multi-wavelength output laser spectrum, certainly will cause the increasing of complicated and cost of laser structure.
In sum, existing so far multi-wavelength swashs the requirement that the technology of penetrating can't reach simultaneously that output laser spectrum envelope is smooth, the wavelength interval equates, swash ray width, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height, power stability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the weak point of existing multiple-wavelength laser technology, at " full optical-fibre adjustable wide range continuous wave laser (FBCSL) " (Chinese invention patent application number 03140581.9 that the applicant invented, on November 29th, 2002) on the basis, propose a kind of fibre optic Raman laser multi-wavelength of realizing and swash the new method of penetrating spectrum envelope broadening and planarization, its technical essential have two: the first, in the nonlinear optical fiber chamber, introduce the wavelength choice mechanism, the multi-wavelength Raman that forms the equifrequency spacing swashs to be penetrated; The second, in the nonlinear optical fiber chamber, introduce to swash the spectrum widening mechanism of penetrating, and swash to penetrate with swashing and penetrate the optical fiber configured separate and the optimized parameter of spectrum widening effect, be implemented in to make when equifrequency spacing excitation wavelength number increases to swash and penetrate spectrum envelope and be tending towards smooth producing Raman.
The principle of work of the smooth multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of broadband of the present invention envelope is based on the combined action of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) light generation in the nonlinear optical fiber chamber and optical parameter four-wave mixing (FWM) spectrum widening: by Raman gain optical fiber, zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber and comb filter constitute fiber resonance cavity, with sharp the penetrating of the generation of the Raman gain optical fiber in light laser pump cavity wide range Raman, wavelength through comb filter is selected and the multiwavelength laser vibration at interval of formation equifrequency, the optical parameter four-wave mixing takes place and produces new laser component in these discrete sharp spectral lines of penetrating in zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber section, energy is shifted between different excitation wavelengths, not only cause the excitation wavelength number to increase, also make the multiwavelength laser spectrum envelope be tending towards smooth simultaneously.Specifically describe as follows:
The first, multi-wavelength Raman in nonlinear optical fiber chamber is sharp penetrates
Based on the stimulated Raman scattering in the silica fibre (SRS) effect, when adopting the one-wavelength laser pumping, will produce raman gain spectrum at wave band than the low 13.2THz of pump light frequency, the Raman gain of representing with decibel (dB) is:
G
R(dB) ≈ 4.343P
pL
Effg
RX/A
Eff(1) this shows Raman gain G
R(dB) size is with pump power P
p, optical fiber effective length L
Eff, optical fiber Raman gain coefficienct g
RAnd the 1/A reciprocal of optical fiber net sectional area
EffBe the linear growth rule.The Raman gain spectrum width is relevant with pump power, and determines the about 15～20nm of the spectrum width under the 10dB peak gain (3dB gain) by the vibration mode of quartz medium.If suitable introduction light feedback mechanism (for example, adopt wave division multiplex coupler and Raman gain optical fiber to be connected to ring, or at Raman gain optical fiber two termination reflective optical systems), promptly constitute fibre optic Raman laser.Because raman gain spectrum has inhomogeneous broadening character, multimodal Raman is sharp to be penetrated as long as Raman gain greater than the loss of optical fiber cavity, can produce.If in the fiber Raman laser cavity, insert comb filter, then have only gain higher and see through the wavelength at place, peak at wave filter simultaneously could starting of oscillation, can obtain the multi-wavelength simultaneous lasing of equifrequency spacing.
See that by (1) formula high efficiency fibre optic Raman laser should adopt net sectional area A
EffLess (core diameter is thinner), Raman gain coefficienct g
RHigher optical fiber, and increase pump power P
pWith optical fiber effective length L
EffObtain high-power raman laser output.Though the raman gain spectrum in single wavelength pumping optical fiber occupies very wide frequency spectrum, its-3dB gain bandwidth (GB) 15～20nm only, thereby the sharp spectral line number of penetrating of the simple nonlinear optical fiber chamber of this single wavelength pumping output is restricted, and swashs and penetrate spectrum envelope and become triangular shape.
The second, the fibre optic Raman laser multi-wavelength swashs the broadening and the envelope planarization of penetrating spectrum
In above-mentioned fiber Raman laser cavity, introduce one section passive zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber, the optical parameter four-wave mixing will take place after entering this section optical fiber in (size by comb filter decision) excitation wavelength component of each equifrequency spacing, can be near zero-dispersion wavelength with the raman laser spectrum widening and make the spectral line envelope be tending towards smooth.
Consideration frequency of co-propagate in optical fiber is respectively ω
1And ω
2Two laser components, it is ω=ω that mutual continuous beat frequency will produce frequency
2-ω
1Intensity modulated, thereby cause that the optical fibre refractivity relevant with light intensity (I) changes n
2(I, ω).The optical fiber medium frequency is ω
3The 3rd laser component will be because of n
2(I ω) is subjected to phase modulation (PM), and the generation frequency is ω
4=ω
3± (ω
2-ω
1) sideband; Equally, frequency is ω
3And ω
1Also beat frequency mutually of two laser components, making frequency is ω
2The laser component also to produce frequency be ω
4=ω
2± (ω
3-ω
1) sideband, and new side frequency ω
2+ (ω
3-ω
1) and aforementioned side frequency ω
3+ (ω
2-ω
X1) overlap four-wave mixing that Here it is (FWM) process.Suppose that interactional each laser component polarization state is in full accord, then frequency is ω
4=ω
3+ ω
2～ω
1The wave field complex amplitude can be expressed as (D.Marcuse, A.R.Chraplyvy and R.W.Tkach, J.Lightwave Technol., vol.9, no.1,1991)
A wherein
1, A
2And A
3Be the complex amplitude of three laser components, if ω
3=ω
2, g then
321=1, otherwise g
321=2.γ is the optical nonlinearity coefficient of optical fiber, and α is fibre loss, and L is a fiber lengths, Δ β=β
1+ β
4-β
2-β
3Be phase misalignment dosage, wherein β
1, β
2, β
3, β
4Propagation constant for each light field.Notice the laser component that has many equifrequency spacings in the fiber laser cavity, each laser component all might intercouple by this FWM process, produce the laser component of new equifrequency spacing, cause simultaneously exciting number of wavelengths to increase and make raman laser spectrum district broadening.See that from (2) formula along with the enhancing of pump power, it is very fast that the lifting of each laser component power increases FWM wave field component; β is more little for phase misalignment dosage Δ, and the FWM wave field is also strong more, and this all makes the sharp spectrum of penetrating of corresponding multi-wavelength Raman open up widelyer.
In addition, the new frequency component that produces of FWM process will overlap with original frequency component in the chamber, the result of mixing makes luminous power shift to the lower wavelength of power from the higher wavelength of power, and promptly the wavelength that power is low originally obtains gain, and the high wavelength of power is subjected to loss (negative gain) originally.Through after the circulation repeatedly, the power of each wavelength laser reaches balanced in the chamber in, and all that gains and is enough to overcome the wavelength of loss and all may keeps vibration.After introducing this new mechanism, Raman swashs the envelope broadening and the fluctuating of penetrating spectrum and diminishes; And along with the enhancing of pump power, swash in the chamber and penetrate the power enhancing, this effect meeting is more obvious.
Three, the multi wavelength pumping fiber Raman swashs the broadening and the spectral pattern regulation and control of penetrating spectrum
Though the SRS in single wavelength pumping optical fiber gain occupies very wide frequency spectrum, its-three dB bandwidth only has tens nanometers.As adopt a plurality of different wavelength of laser pumping optical fibers chamber, and then can form with corresponding each Raman excitation wavelength is a plurality of sharp bands of a spectrum of penetrating at center, synthetic multi-wavelength swashs penetrates spectrum with further broadening; By interval and the relative power size of adjusting each pumping wavelength, can carry out flexibly and effectively adjusting to the flatness of multiple-wavelength laser output spectrum.
In addition, because the centre wavelength of raman gain spectrum only by the pumping wavelength decision, selects suitable pumping wavelength can realize sharp the penetrating of multi-wavelength Raman of equifrequency spacing in the whole transmission wave band (1292-1660nm) of silica fibre.
The invention is characterized in: it is the smooth multi-wavelength Raman laser of a kind of full-optical fiber F-P line chamber broadband envelope, adopt high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber (HNL-RGF) to do laser medium, swash the ejected wave section by one section at Raman and have optical parameter four-wave mixing effect introduction spectrum widening mechanism in the highly nonlinear optical fiber (HNL-ZDF) of zero dispersion characteristics, and utilize comb filter (FFPF) to introduce equifrequency spacing wavelength choice mechanism, with described HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF and FFPF penetrate the optical delivery fiber passage and link to each other successively along swashing, constitute the F-P laser cavity and connect the broadband light reverberator respectively at the described sharp two ends of penetrating the optical delivery fiber passage, the formation broadband smooth equifrequency spacing multi-wavelength of envelope swashs to be penetrated.Particularly, the straight chamber of described full-optical fiber F-P multi-wavelength Raman laser contains:
High non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber HNL-RGF: swash the gain media of penetrating as Raman, can adopt the dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) of extraordinary Raman gain optical fiber or high optical nonlinearity;
Zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber HNL-ZDF: be used for forming optical parameter four-wave mixing spectrum widening mechanism, require this optical fiber to have high optical nonlinearity, and swash the ejected wave section at Raman and have smooth zero dispersion characteristics, can adopt dispersion shifted optical fiber (DSF) with high optical nonlinearity;
Comb filter FFPF: select element as equifrequency spacing wavelength, can adopt the F-P wave filter, fuse biconical fiber wave filter, birefringence fiber ring wave filter or fiber grating filter etc.;
Multi-wavelength high-power laser pumping source Pump11 and (or) Pump12: be used for described HNL-RGF as raman gain medium is carried out unidirectional or two directional pump;
Wideband WDM coupling mechanism WDM11 and WDM12: the pump light that above-mentioned pumping source Pump11 and Pump12 send is coupled into to swash by them respectively and penetrates the optical delivery fiber passage and excite coupled above-mentioned HNL-RGF;
Band optical fiber loop completely reflecting mirror FRR11: it by an input optical fibre port link to each other with an above-mentioned sharp port penetrating transmission line optical fiber that is linked to be by HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF and FFPF, two output optical fibre direct port connection are helped the light feedback control loop penetrates optically-coupled and constitute than the fiber coupler 3dBDC13 that is 50% swashing, described FRR11 also can adopt swashing and penetrate the transmission line fiber port and directly plate multilayer dielectric film to the total reflection of excitation wavelength broadband;
Band optical fiber loop partially reflecting mirror FRR12: it by an input optical fibre port link to each other with above-mentioned sharp another port of penetrating transmission line optical fiber that is linked to be by HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF and FFPF, two output optical fibre direct port connection become part light feedback control loop penetrates optically-coupled and constitute than the fiber coupler xdBDC14 that is xdB swashing, described " x " is selected value, the part transmission fiber port of xdBDC14 is the delivery outlet of laser instrument, and described FRR12 also can adopt the multilayer dielectric film of penetrating the direct plating of transmission line fiber port to the partial reflection of excitation wavelength broadband sharp.
Feature of the present invention also is: it is the smooth multi-wavelength Raman laser of a kind of all optical fiber ring cavity broadband envelope, adopt high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber (HNL-RGF) to do laser medium, swash the ejected wave section by one section at Raman and have optical parameter four-wave mixing effect introduction spectrum widening mechanism in the highly nonlinear optical fiber (HNL-ZDF) of zero dispersion characteristics, and utilize comb filter (FFPF) to introduce equifrequency spacing wavelength choice mechanism, with wideband WDM coupling mechanism (WDM) successively with described HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF and FFPF penetrate the optical delivery fiber passage and are linked to be ring resonator along swashing, and form the smooth equifrequency spacing multi-wavelength of broadband envelope and swash and penetrates.Particularly, described all optical fiber ring cavity multi-wavelength Raman laser contains:
High non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber HNL-RGF: swash the gain media of penetrating as Raman, can adopt the dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) of extraordinary Raman gain optical fiber or high optical nonlinearity;
Zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber HNL-ZDF: be used for forming optical parameter four-wave mixing spectrum widening mechanism, require this optical fiber to have high optical nonlinearity, and swash the ejected wave section at Raman and have smooth zero dispersion characteristics, can adopt the dispersion shifted optical fiber (DSF) of high optical nonlinearity;
Comb filter FFPF: select element as equifrequency spacing wavelength, can adopt the F-P wave filter, fuse biconical fiber wave filter, birefringence fiber ring wave filter or fiber grating filter etc.;
Multi-wavelength high-power laser pumping source Pump21 and (or) Pump22: be used for described HNL-RGF as raman gain medium is carried out unidirectional or two directional pump;
Wideband WDM coupling mechanism WDM21 and WDM22: the pump light that above-mentioned pumping source Pump21 and Pump22 send is coupled into to swash by them respectively and penetrates the optical delivery fiber passage and excite coupled above-mentioned HNL-RGF;
Unidirectional round-robin fiber ring laser chamber: it connects HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF, FFPF, optoisolator (ISO), xdBDC23 coupling mechanism formation by wideband WDM coupling mechanism WDM21 successively along the sharp optical delivery fiber passage of penetrating; The sharp light of penetrating of unidirectional round-robin is by xdBDC23 coupling back output in optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.
Feature of the present invention also is: described HNL-DSF can be the high optical nonlinearity photonic crystal fiber (PCF) of a new generation.
Adopt the multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of discrete multi wavelength pumping to compare with routine, the outstanding advantage of the smooth multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of broadband of the present invention envelope is:
The first, the size of utilizing the optical parameter four-wave mixing effect in the zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber to allocate each excitation wavelength power automatically, the broadening multi-wavelength swashs and to penetrate spectrum and to make its envelope planarization effectively, swashs and penetrates thereby adopt the pumping source of less number of wavelengths can obtain broadband, multi-wavelength that envelope is smooth;
The second, by choose reasonable pumping wave long value, number of wavelengths and Fiber-optic parameter configuration, but the wave band of flexible design output laser spectrum, thus the multiwavelength laser of acquisition different-waveband;
Three, can adopt the pumping source of less number of wavelengths to realize the smooth multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of broadband envelope, thereby structure is simplified greatly, and cost is reduced significantly;
Four, introduce the smooth multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of minimized wide-band envelope that New-type photon crystal optical fiber (PCF) technology can realize the high pumping conversion efficiency.
Description of drawings
The full optical fiber multi-wavelength of Fig. 1 F-P line chamber Raman laser light channel structure figure.High non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber (HNL-RGF), two wideband WDM coupling mechanisms (WDM11 and WDM12), zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber (HNL-ZDF), comb filter (FFPF), band optical fiber loop completely reflecting mirror (FRR11) and band optical fiber loop partially reflecting mirror (FRR12) connect and compose the linear shape laser chamber.Multi-wavelength high-power laser pumping source (Pump11 and (or) Pump12) pump light that sends enters optical fiber cavity by WDM11 and WDM12 respectively and excites coupled above-mentioned HNL-RGF; Band optical fiber loop completely reflecting mirror FRR11 by an input optical fibre port link to each other with an above-mentioned sharp port penetrating transmission line optical fiber that is linked to be by HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF and FFPF, two output optical fibre direct port connection are helped the light feedback control loop penetrates optically-coupled and constitute than the fiber coupler 3dBDC13 that is 50% swashing, described FRR11 also can adopt swashing and penetrate the transmission line fiber port and directly plate multilayer dielectric film to the total reflection of excitation wavelength broadband; Band optical fiber loop partially reflecting mirror FRR12 by an input optical fibre port link to each other with above-mentioned sharp another port of penetrating transmission line optical fiber that is linked to be by HNL-RGF, HNL-ZDF and FFPF, two output optical fibre direct port connection become part light feedback control loop penetrates optically-coupled and constitute than the fiber coupler xdBDC14 that is xdB swashing, described " x " is selected value, the part transmission fiber port of xdBDC14 is the delivery outlet of laser instrument, and described FRR12 also can adopt the multilayer dielectric film of penetrating the direct plating of transmission line fiber port to the partial reflection of excitation wavelength broadband sharp.
The example index path of the smooth all optical fiber ring cavity Raman laser of Fig. 2 broadband multi-wavelength envelope.High non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber (adopting the dispersion compensating fiber HNL-DCF of high optical nonlinearity herein), two wideband WDM coupling mechanisms (WDM21 and WDM22), zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber (adopting the dispersion shifted optical fiber HNL-DSF of high optical nonlinearity herein), fiber F-P comb filter (FFPF21), optoisolator (ISO) and coupling ratio are that 10: 90 broadband optical fiber coupler (10dBDC23) connects and composes unidirectional round-robin fiber ring laser chamber successively.Long 10 kilometers of HNL-DCF, the peak value raman gain efficiency is 2.278[1/W/km], the chromatic dispersion of 1550nm place is-96.94ps/nm/km that loss factor is 0.48dB/km.Long 1450 meters of HNL-DSF, zero-dispersion wavelength is at 1548nm, and nonlinear refractive index is 2.8 * 10
-20m
2/ W, the chromatic dispersion of 1550nm place is 0.22ps/nm/km, chromatic dispersion gradient is 0.0155ps/nm
2/ km, loss factor are 0.73dB/km, and mode field diameter is 3.9 μ m.The FFPF21 free spectrum zone is 100GHz, and-three dB bandwidth is 2.5GHz, and contrast is 28dB, inserts loss less than 2dB.90% port 233 of fiber coupler 10dBDC23 links to each other with the laser channeling end 214 of WDM21 so that the light feedback to be provided, and 10% port 234 is the laser output of ring cavity.Forward pumping source (14 * * nm Pump21) is made of through polarized composite wave the 1440nm semiconductor laser of two quadrature polarizations, and its tail optical fiber is linked the pumping end 213 of WDM21, and pump light is injected among the HNL-DCF by common port 212.The laser of counter-directional pump source (14 * * nm Pump22) output 1425nm and two wavelength of 1454nm, each wavelength respectively by the semiconductor laser of two quadrature polarizations through polarized composite wave, synthetic a branch of with 1425/1454nm optical fiber wave multiplexer again, close the Beam End fibre and link the pumping end 223 of WDM22, pump light is injected among the HNL-DCF by common port 222.
The full optical fiber multi-wavelength of Fig. 3 ring cavity Raman laser output spectrum
The full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser output spectrum that Fig. 4 ring cavity broadband envelope is smooth
Embodiment
At first, the multi-wavelength Raman of not introducing optical parameter four-wave mixing spectrum widening mechanism is swashed penetrate the characteristic observation that experimentizes.For this reason, in all optical fiber ring cavity multi-wavelength Raman laser shown in Figure 2, remove HNL-DSF.Fig. 3 provides the output that obtains when adopting three wavelength pumpings (1425nm, 1440nm and 1454nm) and swashs and penetrates spectrum, and corresponding pump power is respectively 403mW, 340mW and 106mW, swashs to guarantee output that to penetrate spectrum envelope smooth as far as possible.41 wavelength laser outputs are arranged in the wavelength coverage from 1524.6nm to 1556.3nm, and the wavelength interval is 0.8nm, by the wavelength interval decision of FFPF21.Yet, the output power big rise and fall of each wavelength of multi-wavelength light fibre optic Raman laser of this multi wavelength pumping, as seen from the figure, power is higher near 1530nm and the 1547.5nm wavelength, and power is lower near the 1538.7nm wavelength, and peak power and least work rate variance have 5dB.Though optimize the fluctuating that pumping wavelength and power ratio might reduce power spectrum, but the fluctuating that gain spectral is very little all can produce very big influence to excitation wavelength number and each excitation wavelength difference power, the multi-wavelength that envelope is smooth if will obtain the broadband simultaneously swashs penetrates spectrum, and the difficulty of optimal design and complexity are increased greatly.
HNL-DSF is inserted in the full fiber ring laser chamber, and the pump power of three wavelength is transferred to 399mW, 246mW and 541mW respectively, Fig. 4 provides the laser spectrum that experiment records, as seen from 1527.76nm to 1566.86nm the spectrum district of a relatively flat, the power fluctuation of each excitation wavelength has only 2.1dB in the bandwidth range of 39.1nm, be better than the conventional requirement of C-band WDM engineering system, comprising 50 excitation wavelengths, the wavelength interval is 0.8nm, by the wavelength interval decision of used FFPF21.
Claims (8)
1, envelope smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser in broadband is characterized in that, it is the smooth multi-wavelength Raman laser of a kind of full-optical fiber F-P line chamber broadband envelope, and it contains:
High non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber, i.e. HNL-RGF, it is that Raman swashs the gain media of penetrating, the peak value raman gain efficiency of this high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber should reach 2.5[1/W/km at least];
Zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber, i.e. HNL-ZDF, it is a kind of optical parameter four-wave mixing broadening element, the nonlinear factor of this highly nonlinear optical fiber should reach 10[1/W/km at least];
Comb filter, i.e. FFPF, it is that an equifrequency spacing wavelength is selected element;
Multi-wavelength high power laser pumping source, i.e. Pump11 and/or Pump12, it is a kind of element that above-mentioned high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber is carried out unidirectional or two directional pump;
Two wideband WDM coupling mechanisms, i.e. WDM11 and WDM12;
Above-mentioned high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber, zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber and comb filter are penetrated the optical delivery fiber passage and are linked to each other successively along swashing; The pump light that above-mentioned multi-wavelength high power laser pumping source sends is coupled into to swash by above-mentioned two wideband WDM coupling mechanisms respectively and penetrates the optical delivery fiber passage and excite coupled above-mentioned high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber;
It also contains:
Band optical fiber loop completely reflecting mirror, be FRR11, it penetrates optically-coupled than the fiber coupler that is 50% by one to swashing, be that 3dBDC13 constitutes, this fiber coupler, an input optical fibre port that is 3dBDC13 links to each other with an above-mentioned sharp port penetrating transmission line optical fiber that is linked to be by high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber, zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber, comb filter, and two output optical fibre direct port connection of this fiber coupler are helped the light feedback control loop;
Band optical fiber loop partially reflecting mirror, be FRR12, it is penetrated optically-coupled and constitutes than the fiber coupler xdBDC14 that is xdB swashing by one, described " x " is the positive number less than 30, described fiber coupler, it is the input optical fibre port and above-mentioned of xdBDC14 by high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber, zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber, sharp another port of penetrating transmission line optical fiber that comb filter is linked to be links to each other, described fiber coupler, two output optical fibre direct port connection that are xdBDC14 become the part feedback control loop, and its part transmission fiber port is the delivery outlet of laser instrument.
2, envelope smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser in broadband is characterized in that, it is the smooth multi-wavelength Raman laser of a kind of all optical fiber ring cavity broadband envelope, and it contains:
High non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber, i.e. HNL-RGF, it is that Raman swashs the gain media of penetrating, the peak value raman gain efficiency of this high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber should reach 2.5[1/W/km at least];
Zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber, i.e. HNL-ZDF, it is a kind of optical parameter four-wave mixing broadening element, the nonlinear factor of this highly nonlinear optical fiber should reach 10[1/W/km at least];
Comb filter, i.e. FFPF, it is that an equifrequency spacing wavelength is selected element;
Multi-wavelength high power laser pumping source, i.e. Pump11 and/or Pump12, it is a kind of element that above-mentioned high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber is carried out unidirectional or two directional pump;
Two wideband WDM coupling mechanisms, i.e. WDM11 and WDM12;
Optoisolator, i.e. ISO;
Broadband optical fiber coupler;
Above-mentioned high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber, two wideband WDM coupling mechanisms that are connected this Raman gain optical fiber left and right sides, zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber, comb filter, optoisolator, broadband optical fiber coupler connect and compose unidirectional round-robin fiber ring laser chamber successively; An output port of described broadband optical fiber coupler is connected with the laser channeling input end of left end wideband WDM coupling mechanism, and another port is the laser output mouth.
3, the smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser of broadband envelope according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber can be the photonic crystal fiber of high optical nonlinearity, i.e. PCF.
4, the smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser of broadband envelope according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described high non-linearity Raman gain optical fiber is that following extraordinary Raman gain optical fiber and dispersion compensating fiber are DCF, any in these two kinds of optical fiber.
5, the smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser of broadband envelope according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described zero chromatic dispersion highly nonlinear optical fiber is a kind of dispersion shifted optical fiber with high optical nonlinearity, i.e. DSF.
6, the smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser of broadband envelope according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described comb filter is following F-P wave filter, fuse any in biconical fiber wave filter, birefringence fiber ring wave filter, the fiber grating filter.
7, the smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser of broadband envelope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described band optical fiber loop completely reflecting mirror be plated in described swash penetrate the transmission line fiber port in order to multilayer dielectric film to the total reflection of excitation wavelength broadband.
8, the smooth full optical fiber multi-wavelength Raman laser of broadband envelope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described band optical fiber loop section catoptron be plated in described swash penetrate the transmission line fiber port in order to multilayer dielectric film to the partial reflection of excitation wavelength broadband.
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| CN 200410009943 CN1617037A (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Broadband envelope flat full optical fiber multiple wavelength Raman laser |
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| CN103124044A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Frequency interval adjustable multi-wavelength anti-Stokes four-wave mixing (FWM) fiber laser |
| CN103151682A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-06-12 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Anti-Strokes Raman fiber laser achieving multi-wavelength output |
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| CN100418277C (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2008-09-10 | 南开大学 | Continuous running high-power multi-wavelength optical fiber light source based on ultra continuous spectrum |
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| CN103852092A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-06-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Mode interference annular cavity optical fiber laser sensor |
| CN104914443A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-16 | 上海理工大学 | High-precision laser range finding method based on rapid scanning |
| CN106911063A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-30 | 重庆大学 | Polarize random fiber pulse laser |
| CN110401098A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-11-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | A kind of frequency comb flatness control device based on optically filtering |
| CN110401098B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-07-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | Optical frequency comb flatness control device based on optical filtering |
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