CN1608413A

CN1608413A - Advanced highyield method for grafted ginkgo

Info

Publication number: CN1608413A
Application number: CN 200410081291
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁德富
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2004-11-23
Filing date: 2004-11-23
Publication date: 2005-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2024-11-23
Also published as: CN1286358C

Abstract

Ginkgo has the physiological feature of long term before bearing, and traditional grafting method can advance its bearing time but normally it needs still about eight years before bearing. The present invention provides one kind of grafting method capable of further advancing the bearing time. The present invention makes it possible for ginkgo tree to bear in the next year after grafting and to enter the high yield period in the third year with exuberant tree growth potential.

Description

Advanced highyield method for grafted ginkgo

One, technical field

The present invention relates to the ginkgo culture technique, particularly relate to a kind of method that ginkgo is got bumper crops in advance after the grafting that makes.

Two, background technology

One of physilogical characteristics of ginkgo are to bear fruit lately, so it is commonly called as " Gong Sunshu " among the people means grandfather and plant trees, the grandson eats fruit.Owing to generally adopt graft technology in recent years, it is over half that its phase of bearing fruit was shortened by two original more than ten years, and however, general grafting still needs the time in about 8 years just to bear fruit, and enter high yield period then need the longer time.According to " the ginkgo grafting treelet girdling promoting blossom flower Test Summary " introduction of " southern china fruit tree " the 3rd phase of calendar year 2001, to the grafting treelet band girdle more than the 5-7, can receive certain short colored effect, but effect is unsatisfactory, and require very strict to technologies of orbicular decorticating, the overweight meeting of band girdle seriously undermines tree vigo(u)r, even dead, and band girdle kicks the beam and then do not reach the purpose of short flower.Because band girdle is with the nutrition supply of sacrifice root, forces treelet to change reproductive growth into by nourishing and growing, this growth to the tree body is very disadvantageous.

Three, summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is provides a kind of advanced highyield method for grafted ginkgo to society, ginkgo is born fruit significantly in advance and gets bumper crops thereby reach, and can guarantee the purpose that tree vigo(u)r is healthy and vigorous again.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the ginkgo grafting treelet trunk more than 5 ages is implemented to dig a section art, its concrete operations are as follows: in the 5-6 month, below the ginkgo trunk first branching point, choose wantonly a bit, on this homonymy, the following parallel saw kerf of twice of laterally sawing respectively, two saw kerf spacings are 5mm, the degree of depth is 1/3 of a saw kerf place trunk diameter, remove skin between two saw kerfs and wooden with chisel and hammer, in the cutter mouth, clog charcoal mud then, get the ceramic tile of a 15cm * 15cm * 0.5cm again,, strike its opposite side with wooden mallet on one side it is aimed at trunk cutter mouth, deeply cut a hole mouthful and with till the horizontal base of cutter mouthful contacts up to ceramic tile, then use the coir rope bolt on the trunk at tree crown middle part, the other end of rope connects a stake, stake is squeezed into the ground of a cutter mouthful side, make rope and trunk angle at 45, change once rope later on every year, when treating that trunk diameter reaches 15cm, remove ceramic tile, change into the ceramic tile of 30cm * 20cm * 0.8cm specification, two saw kerf spacings then expand and are 0.8cm.The weight ratio of charcoal mud preparation is: charcoal powder: clay: water=100: 30: 40, compound method is: earlier clay is pulverized, with water furnishing mud, add granularity again and stir less than 180 purpose charcoal powders after 60 mesh sieves filter.

After adopting such scheme, can receive following remarkable result:

1, this excessively digging of every work cut the ginkgo of performing the operation, all begin to bear fruit in next year, promptly entered high yield period on the 3rd year, more outstanding is after 2 years its trunk diameter and tree crown size all are to do the same period more than the twice of ginkgo of band girdle contrast, this is compared with the band girdle means, and not only effect is remarkable, and operation easier is low, be easy to grasp, safe.

2, since the nutrition of ginkgo tree crown manufacturing when satisfying self needs, to transport to root by under the bark, and water and other nutrient that root absorbs also are when satisfying the root needs, will be by transporting to tree crown on the xylem, therefore, by common thinking, trunk wooden is removed a breach, is considered to a kind of destructive damage certainly, it is defeated to influence going up of interior moisture of tree body and nutrition, cause the withered of part tree crown, thereby weaken tree vigo(u)r, reduce output.In fact, the result is just in time opposite with people's the imagination, after such operation, the withered of any branches and leaves do not appear in tree crown, even do not have any of short duration wilting, and whole tree crown more shows flourishingly than originally, the more important thing is that ginkgo is carried several years ago to enter the full bearing period.This analyzes theoretically, owing to removed the bark of trunk horizontal 1/3 in the operation, the following defeated channel part of the nutrition of tree crown manufacturing is obstructed, the tree crown trophic level is improved, must help the accumulation of tree crown nutrition, thereby differentiation, the raising percentage of fertile fruit of bud played positive effect; Owing to removed the wooden of trunk horizontal 1/3 simultaneously in the operation, the moisture that root absorbs and the defeated channel part of going up of nutrition are obstructed, from and improved the trophic level of root, must help the growth of living, promote root of root.Though this particular procedure partly is obstructed the upper and lower transfer passage of ginkgo, but do not reduce the required nutrition of upper and lower two parts, the barrage of this limited height in the river course, though it can make current be obstructed, improved the water level of upstream, but, be to keep crossing in following unit interval of situation of upstream high water level the water yield of barrage but the flow unlike original is few through result final after the blink because the height on dam is limited.And the present invention is simultaneously after bark and xylem are provided with two such " barrages ", because the trophic level of root improves than original, thereby its absorption function must strengthen, the corresponding increase of failing on it of nutrient, equally, tree crown is under the situation of high-plane of nutrition, its photosynthetic efficient is higher, adding nutrient defeated on the root was improved largely than originally, under this dual favorable factor effect, the nutrition of transporting to root under the tree crown also must increase considerably, this makes root obtain dual favorable factor again, root promotes significantly conversely and goes up defeated nutrition ... this eucyclic direct effect is that the nutrition flow of crossing twice " barrage " in the tree body does not only reduce, and also must increase without end significantly.From another angle analysis,, thereby impel ginkgo to enter the full bearing period in advance because the two combination must force bark, wooden its side direction of strengthening respectively to circulate, and has excited the potential in the tree body.

Claims

1, a kind of advanced highyield method for grafted ginkgo, it is characterized in that: the ginkgo grafting treelet trunk more than 5 ages is implemented to dig a section art, its concrete operations are as follows: in 5 June, below the ginkgo trunk first branching point, choose wantonly a bit, on this homonymy, the following parallel saw kerf of twice of laterally sawing respectively, two saw kerf spacings are 5mm, the degree of depth is 1/3 of a saw kerf place trunk diameter, remove skin between two saw kerfs and wooden with chisel and hammer, in cutter mouthful, clog charcoal mud then, get the ceramic tile of a 15cm * 15cm * 0.5cm again, it is aimed at trunk cutter mouth on one side, strike its opposite side with wooden mallet, deeply cut a hole mouthful and with till the horizontal base of cutter mouthful contact up to ceramic tile, then with the coir rope bolt on the trunk in the middle part of the tree crown, the other end of rope connects a stake, the ground of cutting a hole a mouthful side is squeezed in stake, made rope and trunk angle at 45, change every year once later on and restrict, when treating that trunk diameter reaches 15cm, remove ceramic tile, change into the ceramic tile of 30cm * 20cm * 0.8cm specification, two saw kerf spacings then expand and are 0.8cm.

2, advanced highyield method for grafted ginkgo according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of charcoal mud preparation is: charcoal powder: clay: water=100: 30: 40, compound method is: earlier clay is pulverized, with water furnishing mud, after 60 mesh sieves filter, add granularity again and stir all less than 180 purpose charcoal powders.