CN1596580A - Method and device of calculating amount of fertilizer of different fertilizing period for crop - Google Patents
Method and device of calculating amount of fertilizer of different fertilizing period for crop Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for calculating the amount of the fertilizer applied at different stage is disclosed. Said method includes such steps as inputting data to operation control unit, reading prestored parameter, calculating said amount of the fertilizer, and outputting result via output device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crop fertilization field, relate in particular to the method and apparatus of determining crop Different Fertilization phase fertilizing amount.
Background technology
Plant growth be unable to do without the supply of nutrient, and according to the nutrient theory of returns, the nutrient that is absorbed by crop in the soil has only to add to by measures such as fertilisings again and goes in the soil, could guarantee the healthy growth of crop.So fertilising is the important measures that guarantee plant growth.Yet, the fertilizer nutrient consumption is unreasonable to distribute improper meeting to cause various agricultural problems with fertilizer in each fertilizing time fertilizing amount of crop, as degradation under groundwater azotate pollution, environmental pollution, soil quality decline, damage by disease and insect increase, the underproduction, the quality of agricultural product.At present, blindly fertilising, fertilising by rule of thumb, very general with reference to the fertilizing amount in other farmland unreasonable fertilising phenomenon such as apply fertilizer are so above-mentioned problems also occurred in agricultural production.
Certainly, continuous development along with agricultural cience and farming techniques, the method that the fertilizer nutrient consumption of crop whole growing is recommended is a lot, these methods generally speaking can be carried out scientific and reasonable nutrient and fertilizer amount to the crop whole growing and recommended, as method of fertilization for target yield: according to the crop target output plant recovery of nutrient of nutrient demand amount and fertilizer is determined the fertilizer nutrient overall supplies; The soil fertility index method: to the soil fertility deciding grade and level that grades, different stage soil is determined the reasonable volume of fertilizer nutrient according to test; The application number of having submitted patent application to is 2 fertilising recommend methods of 03153815.0,03153814.2 etc.But, these methods all realize nutrient or fertilizer specifically are assigned to each fertilizing time of crop, make the peasant when fertilising, be difficult to determine crop Different Fertilization phase consumption, cause the applicating ratio and the crop demand of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount and nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer inharmonious, reduce utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce output, increase environmental pollution and damage by disease and insect generation etc.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus that calculates each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop, this method and apparatus is on the basis of the total consumption of the fertilizer nutrient that calculates crop (can calculate by existing method), by calculating the method for each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop, fertilizer amount to the crop Different Fertilization phase is recommended, thereby can overcome the deficiency of existing fertilizing method, more the peasant that instructs of science applies fertilizer.
The method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop of the present invention comprises:
An input equipment is used for crop and fertilizing constant that the input plan is planted, comprising: plan kind of a plant, the fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of crop, phosphorus, the total consumption of potassium, the fertilizer variety that plan is used;
A memory device is used to store operation program and parameter, and parameter comprises: the demand percentage of each fertilizer application period fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of crop, phosphorus, potassium, the nutrients of nitrogen of fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium content, fertilizer characteristic;
A s operation control equipment according to the data of input, calls the parameter of storing in operation program and the storage device each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop is calculated;
An output equipment is used for showing, printing result of calculation.
The operation program that described s operation control equipment adopts may further comprise the steps successively:
1. determine fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium application rate of each fertilizing time of crop:
Each fertilizing time fertilizer nutrient nitrogen demand percentage of the total consumption * crop of fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of the fertilizer nutrient nitrogen consumption=crop of each fertilizing time of crop;
Each fertilizing time fertilizer nutrient phosphorus demand percentage of the total consumption * crop of fertilizer nutrient phosphorus of the phosphorus recommended amounts=crop of each fertilizing time of crop;
Each fertilizing time fertilizer nutrient potassium demand percentage of the total consumption * crop of fertilizer nutrient potassium of the potassium recommended amounts=crop of each fertilizing time of crop.
2. calculate the theoretical consumption of fertilizer of each fertilizing time of crop:
According to each fertilizing time fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium application rate, and fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, utilize ternary once linear equation group to find the solution, calculate the theoretical consumption of fertilizer of each fertilizing time of crop.
3. calculate the fertilizer of each fertilizing time of crop and recommend consumption:
According to the characteristic of fertilizer, the fertilizer amount of each fertilizing time to be redistributed in the Different Fertilization phase, the fertilizer that draws each fertilizing time of crop is recommended consumption.
Quality index units such as the consumption that relates in this specification are mu for kilogram, square measure, and ratio is a percentage.Certainly, the unit of parameter is not limited to described unit, and also available other unit inclines with public affairs with gram, area such as quality etc.
The crop and the fertilizing constant of input equipment input plan plantation, s operation control equipment calls the operation program and the parameter of memory device according to the data of input, calculates the fertilizer amount of crop at each fertilizing time, and by output equipment the result is exported.
The method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of aforementioned calculation crop, described input equipment can be computer standard keyboard or touch soft keyboard.
The method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of aforementioned calculation crop, input can be adopted same screen display with output, and writing pencil touch screen mode is adopted in input, and the viewing area is above screen, and the soft keyboard input area shows the output result at screen display area below screen; Also can soft keyboard be turned off, make whole screen become output display screen, thereby farthest in a screen, export more information by the final election function key.Input equipment also can separate with display device.
The method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of aforementioned calculation crop, described memory device can be hard disks, but can also be the storage cards (as CF card etc.) of plug.If memory device is to use hard disk, when the data of storage need be upgraded, can be connected on calculator or the network and upgrades; If but memory device is the storage card of plug, when Data Update, but but the storage card that only storage card of the plug after upgrading need be replaced original plug get final product.
The method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of aforementioned calculation crop, described s operation control equipment can be central processing unit, can also be microprocessor.
The present invention calculates the method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop, the various parameters that will call in the operation program all are known, in these parameters, the fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of crop, phosphorus, the total consumption of potassium can calculate by the described method of background technology or other existing methods; Crop each of fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium demand percentage breeding time, can find by existing achievement in research, the parameter that can not find out, can pass through field trial, measure Different Fertilization Nutrient Absorption amount, amount of dry matter, moisture, the per mu yield in period, analytical calculation is come out, and also can calculate best fertilizer amount allocative decision by Different Fertilization fertilizer amount in period is made different disposal; Fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are known, also can measure out by the traditional analysis method in laboratory.As mentioned above, in above-mentioned parameter, even certain unknown parameters wherein also can draw by simple assay or the field trial under the existence conditions, therefore, method of the present invention can be implemented fully.
The operation principle that the present invention calculates the method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop is:
(1) by the crop and the fertilizing constant of input equipment input plan plantation, is sent to s operation control equipment then;
(2) pass through s operation control device start operation program, and call the parameter and the participation of the parameter in the memory device computing of input;
(3) by output equipment demonstration or printing result of calculation;
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is illustrated in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram that calculates each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop.
Most preferred embodiment is described in detail
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram that calculates each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop, and the hardware that adopts in most preferred embodiment is that the model that Hewlett-Packard produces is an iPAQ H2210 portable computer (PDA); Processor 3 (s operation control equipment) type: Intel XScale; Processor host frequency: 400MHz; Memory span 64MB; Display 4; Display screen 4 the first half prompting user imports the crop fertilization parameter, and can show result of calculation, and the latter half can be imported the plot parameter with writing pencil, also can carry out the data input by opening soft keyboard; The parameter of storage inside leaves in the memory 2 with SQL Sever database format; Operation program leaves in the hard disk by the C language development under the Pocket PC system, and passes through the operation of processor 3 control programs.
The user is by the 1 input crop fertilization parameter of soft keyboard on the screen; Processor 3 starts operation program after receiving the input data, and the parameter of calling in the memory 2 participates in computing; Result of calculation shows by display 4, also can be saved in the memory 2.
Calculate the method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop, the computing flow process is as follows:
1. by the 1 input crop fertilization parameter of soft keyboard on the screen;
2. after processor 3 receives the input data, start operation program, and the parameter of calling in the memory 2 participates in computing;
3. operation result also can connect outside PRN device the result is printed by display 4 output, also can be saved in the memory 2, checks later on or exports.
Below be the method and apparatus by each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop, an embodiment who applies fertilizer and recommend.
In the present embodiment, fertilizing constant by the 1 input crop of soft keyboard on keyboard or the screen comprises: plan kind of plant: Chinese cabbage, the total consumption of fertilizer nutrient nitrogen: 25 kilograms/mu, the total consumption of fertilizer nutrient phosphorus: 12 kilograms/mu, the total consumption of fertilizer nutrient potassium: 20 kilograms/mu; The fertilizer that plan is used: AA board composite fertilizer, superphosphate, potassium chloride, urea.
Stored parameters comprises in the memory 2:
(1). each fertilizing time fertilizer nutrient allocation of parameters of crop comprises: make name, crop accounts for fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in each fertilizing time nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium input and always drops into ratio;
(2). the fertilizer parameter comprises: the fertilizer name, fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, fertilizer is used characteristic.
Each parameter is shown in the following table.
Each fertilizing time nutrient allocation of parameters of crop (the quality index unit that relates in the table is a mu for kilogram, square measure, and the nutrient allocation proportion is a percentage):
| Make name | Fertilizing time | Fertilizer nutrient nitrogen drops into ratio (%) | Fertilizer nutrient phosphorus drops into ratio (%) | Fertilizer nutrient potassium drops into ratio (%) |
| Chinese cabbage | Base manure | ????20 | ????80 | ????70 |
| Chinese cabbage | Transplanted back 15 days | ????15 | ????0 | ????0 |
| Chinese cabbage | Transplanted back 32 days | ????30 | ????20 | ????30 |
| Chinese cabbage | Transplanted back 45 days | ????35 | ????0 | ????0 |
Fertilizer nutrient content parameter (the quality index unit that relates in the table is a mu for kilogram, square measure, and the nutrient allocation proportion is a percentage):
| The fertilizer name | Nutrients of nitrogen content (%) | Nutrient phosphorus content (%) | Nutrient potassium content (%) | Fertilizer is used characteristic |
| AA board composite fertilizer | ????15 | ????15 | ????15 | Suitable each fertilizing time |
| General calcium | ????0 | ????16 | ????0 | Disposable base manure |
| Urea | ????46 | ????0 | ????0 | Suitable each fertilizing time |
| Potassium chloride | ????0 | ????0 | ????55 | Disposable base manure |
Computational process by processor 3 is as follows, and used relevant parameter is all from above-mentioned each table.
1. determine fertilizer nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium application rate of each fertilizing time of Chinese cabbage:
Base manure nitrogen consumption=25 * 20 * 0.01=5
Base manure phosphorus consumption=12 * 80 * 0.01=9.6
Base manure nitrogen consumption=20 * 70 * 0.01=14
Transplant back 15 days nitrogen consumption=25 * 15 * 0.01=3.75
Transplant back 15 days phosphorus consumption=12 * 0 * 0.01=0
Transplant back 15 days potassium application rate=20 * 0 * 0.01=0
Transplant back 32 days nitrogen consumption=25 * 30 * 0.01=7.5
Transplant back 32 days phosphorus consumption=12 * 20 * 0.01=2.4
Transplant back 32 days potassium application rate=20 * 30 * 0.01=6
Transplant back 45 days nitrogen consumption=25 * 35 * 0.01=8.75
Transplant back 45 days phosphorus consumption=12 * 0 * 0.01=0
Transplant back 45 days potassium application rate=20 * 0 * 0.01=0
2. calculate the theoretical consumption of fertilizer of each fertilizing time of crop
∑Nm*Ym*0.01＝FN
∑Pm*Ym*0.01＝FP
∑Km*Ym*0.01＝FK
In the following formula, m represents selected different fertilizer, and Nm represents the nutrient N content of selected fertilizer, and Pm represents the nutrient phosphorus content of selected fertilizer, and Km represents the nutrient potassium content of selected fertilizer; Y represents fertilizer amount, and Ym represents the consumption of selected fertilizer; F represents nutrient mu consumption, and FN represents the total consumption of nutrients of nitrogen, and FP represents the total consumption of nutrient phosphorus, and FK represents the total consumption of nutrient potassium;
Result of calculation such as following table, unit: kilogram/mu
| The fertilizer name | Base manure | Transplanted back 15 days | Transplanted back 32 days | Transplanted back 45 days |
| AA board composite fertilizer | ????33.3 | ????0 | ????16 | ????19 |
| General calcium | ????28.8 | ????0 | ????0 | |
| Urea | ????0 | ????8.2 | ????11.1 | |
| Potassium chloride | ????16.4 | ????0 | ????6.5 |
3. calculate the fertilizer of each fertilizing time of crop and recommend consumption
According to the characteristic of fertilizer, general calcium, the suitable disposable base manure of potassium chloride, AA board composite fertilizer, suitable each the fertilizer application period fertilising of urea.General calcium, potassium chloride are merged in the base manure in the recommended amounts of each fertilizer application period, draw the fertilising recommendation results.
| The fertilizer name | Base manure | Transplanted back 15 days | Transplanted back 32 days | Transplanted back 45 days |
| AA board composite fertilizer | ????33.3 | ????0 | ????16 | ????19 |
| General calcium | ????28.8 | ????0 | ????0 | |
| Urea | ????0 | ????8.2 | ????11.1 | |
| Potassium chloride | ????22.9 | ????0 | ????0 |
Annotate: general calcium, part can be water-soluble, and nutrient discharges slower, and the disposable base manure of doing applies and helps crop in each of nutrient absorbing breeding time; Potassium chloride, water soluble fertilizer, K+ be difficult for to run off in soil, disposable make base manure and apply after, stock in the soil, help crop in each of nutrient absorbing breeding time.
At last the result is sent on demonstration, the output equipment,, also can connects PRN device the result is printed, also can be saved in the memory 2, check later on or export by display 4 output.
The present invention calculates the method and apparatus of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop, if memory device is to use hard disk, when the data of storage need be upgraded, can be connected on calculator or the network and upgrades; If but memory device is the storage card of plug, when Data Update, but but the storage card that only storage card of the plug after upgrading need be replaced original plug get final product.
The method and apparatus that the present invention calculates each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop has adopted a kind of fertilizer amount to each fertilizer application period of crop to carry out Calculation Method, solved at the crop total nutrient and recommended under the known situation of consumption, the assignment problem of each fertilizing time fertilizer and consumption, each fertilizing time fertilizer amount and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium applicating ratio are more become rationally, convenient, scientifically instruct the peasant to apply fertilizer; Can save simultaneously peasant's expenditure, reduce the pollution of fertilising, the output investment ratio etc. of boosting agricultural yield ecotope.
Although disclose most preferred embodiment of the present invention for the purpose of illustration, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various replacements, variation and modification all are possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to most preferred embodiment and the disclosed content of accompanying drawing.
Claims (10)
1. device that calculates each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop comprises:
An input equipment is used for crop and fertilizing constant that the input plan is planted, and this fertilizing constant comprises: the fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of crop, phosphorus, the total consumption of potassium, the fertilizer variety that plan is used;
A memory device is used to store operation program and all kinds of parameter, and stored parameters comprises: the demand percentage of each fertilizer application period fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of crop, phosphorus, potassium, the nutrients of nitrogen of fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium content, fertilizer characteristic;
A s operation control equipment according to the data of input, calls the parameter of storing in operation program and the storage device crop each of fertilizing amount is calculated breeding time;
An output equipment is used for showing or printing result of calculation.
2. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described input equipment is computer standard keyboard or touch soft keyboard.
3. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described output equipment is display screen or printing terminal.
4. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described input parameter and result of calculation can adopt same display screen.
5. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 4 is characterized in that: writing pencil touch screen mode is adopted in input, and the viewing area is above screen, and the soft keyboard input area shows the output result at screen display area below screen; Perhaps writing pencil touch screen mode is adopted in input, by the final election function key soft keyboard is turned off, and makes whole screen become output display screen.
6. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described s operation control equipment is central processing unit or microprocessor.
7. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: but described memory device is the storage card of hard disk or plug.
8. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 7 is characterized in that: stored parameters is imported or is solidificated in the memory device in advance by input unit in the memory device.
9. the device of each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of calculating crop according to claim 7 is characterized in that: when the data of storing in the hard disk need be upgraded, can be connected on calculator or the network and upgrade; But but the storage card of the plug after perhaps will upgrading is replaced the storage card of original plug.
10. method of calculating each fertilizer application period fertilizing amount of crop may further comprise the steps:
By an input equipment, the crop and the fertilizing constant of input plan plantation, this fertilizing constant is the total consumption of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, nutrient of crop, the fertilizer variety that plan is used;
The kind and the fertilizing constant of crop of input is stored in the memory device, and stored parameters comprises the demand percentage of each fertilizer application period fertilizer nutrient nitrogen of crop, phosphorus, potassium, the nutrients of nitrogen of fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium content, fertilizer characteristic;
According to the data of input, call operation program crop each of fertilizing amount is calculated breeding time;
Result of calculation demonstration or printing are calculated.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2452167C1 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-06-10 | Российская Федерация в лице Министерства сельского хозяйства РФ | Method and device for differentiated sowing application of basic and starting doses of mineral fertilisers |
| CN103636417A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for determining rice field nitrogen fertilizer applying amount |
| CN104285574A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-21 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Calculation method for farmland nitrogen input threshold |
| CN107182406A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of organic manure Rational Application kit for instructing prevention and control antibiotic to pollute |
| CN108886935A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-27 | 银川沃尔森节水灌溉有限公司 | The determination method, apparatus and system of fertilizer applications during the fertilising of pipeline fertilization system |
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| CN1250067C (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2006-04-12 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Intelligent tool for directing scientific fertilization |
| CN1203753C (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-06-01 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for recommending crop fertilizing amount |
| CN2731944Y (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2005-10-12 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Apparatus for calculating fertilization quantity for crop at each fertilization period |
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- 2004-07-23 CN CNB2004100093680A patent/CN1330231C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2452167C1 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-06-10 | Российская Федерация в лице Министерства сельского хозяйства РФ | Method and device for differentiated sowing application of basic and starting doses of mineral fertilisers |
| CN103636417A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for determining rice field nitrogen fertilizer applying amount |
| CN103636417B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for determining rice field nitrogen fertilizer applying amount |
| CN104285574A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-21 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Calculation method for farmland nitrogen input threshold |
| CN104285574B (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-06-08 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of farmland nitrogen drops into the computational methods of threshold value |
| CN107182406A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of organic manure Rational Application kit for instructing prevention and control antibiotic to pollute |
| CN107182406B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2020-08-21 | 中国农业大学 | Organic manure reasonable application kit capable of guiding prevention and control of antibiotic pollution |
| CN108886935A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-27 | 银川沃尔森节水灌溉有限公司 | The determination method, apparatus and system of fertilizer applications during the fertilising of pipeline fertilization system |
| CN116472833A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-07-25 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Simulation method and device for crop watering and fertilizing scheme and electronic equipment |
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