CN1587358A

CN1587358A - Nano plant fuel

Info

Publication number: CN1587358A
Application number: CN 200410054756
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘钟栋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-07-20
Filing date: 2004-07-20
Publication date: 2005-03-02

Abstract

The present invention relates to solid plant fuel and the mixture containing the solid plant fuel. The solid plant fuel of the present invention has size of 1-900 nm, adjustable ignition point, no powder explosion causing damage, controllable combustion and explosion process, full release of energy, and no environmental pollution. The solid plant fuel and the mixture containing the solid plant fuel are excellent energy source.

Description

Nanometer vegetalitas fuel

Fuel is widely used for producing the energy, and particularly in oil engine, they are from oil, gas industry or colliery etc.At present, the consumption of non-renewable oil, Sweet natural gas and Mineral resources is causing supply, price and the problem that exhausts.Moreover, use these fuel producing many environmental pollutions.

The energy also uses nuclear energy or sun power, and, this has brought environmental pollution, weather condition and efficiency, particularly uses this class energy in automobile and aircraft, at first will solve storage, transportation and cost problem.

Simultaneously, people once wanted to utilize the energy that is discharged when dust explosion.For example, the cereal dust has very high explosion energy when contacting with air.When these a large amount of dust are suspended in airborne the time, cereal dust, AIR MIXTURES just can be exploded, as long as and the blast of dust satisfy following 4 conditions:

1, the granularity of dust, the about 75 μ m of its average particulate diameter;

2, certain temperature;

3, dirt is suspended in the middle of a certain proportion of air;

4, the space of (relatively) sealing.

Starch for example, the minimum ignition temperature of starch is 350 ℃～500 ℃.The minimum ignition energy of starch is the millijoule order of magnitude, and is similar with Sweet natural gas.For same air, the equivalence ratio and the methyl alcohol of burning cereal starch are suitable, compare with oil or Sweet natural gas goods, and be the 15.1g air to every gram gasoline, every gram starch is the 6.5g air.Oil or Sweet natural gas goods such as gasoline, diesel oil and kerosene all have the heat enthalpy value of about 43MJ/Kg, the about 15MJ/Kg of the heat enthalpy value of starch.At blast process, the heat enthalpy value of 1 liter of explosive mixture being made up of air and gasoline is 3.2MJ, and the heat enthalpy value of 1 liter of explosive mixture being made up of air and starch is 2.9MJ.The explosion energy of Equivalent Calculation is than just being equivalent to:

1 liter of gasoline=3.2MJ * 0.7 (density of gasoline)=2.1MJ

1 liter of starch=2.9MJ * 0.95 (density of cereal starch)=2.8MJ

The density of gasoline is 0.7, and the density of diesel oil and kerosene is 0.8, and the density of starch is 0.95-1.4.0.8L the blast of the dust that starch forms just roughly is equivalent to 1L gasoline.Therefore, the cereal dust has explosive this feature, is counted as the basis of New-type fuel.

But under the situation of using oil or Sweet natural gas goods, burning is paroxysmal burning, and its speed is 20m/s, and under the situation of dust explosion, burning is volatile burning, it is characterized in that blast, and its speed reaches 2000m/s.Therefore, when this high combustion speed of relating under the turbulent condition, common cereal dust is not suitable for being used as fuel, particularly be used as the fuel of oil engine, because huge pinking, drumming or pinking shockwave have the engine power of making decline or quicken its effect of destroying, wearing and tearing and produce carbon distribution, produce the environmental pollution particulate matter.The frosting of starch in addition because native starch contains water about about 14wt%, water generation crystallization is very possible under 0 ℃ the temperature being lower than, as this crystalline result, aqueous starch will lose its flowability, formation closely with immobilising obstruction.

At nanoscale (1nm-900nm), the vegetalitas powder has had new characteristic: the nano-starch of this research, and its burning-point is exactly adjustable, and blast process also can be optimized and be controlled.For example, utilize the electromagnetic wave excites characteristic of nano-starch, because the speed (300000000m/s) of electromagnetic wave propagation is far longer than the combustionvelocity (2000m/s) of grain flour dust explosion, make " nano-starch dust " be produced " many burning-points " adjustable burning by electromagnetic wave excites, make the process of the dust explosion that contains nanoscale starch become controlled process and can utilize process, dust explosion is only utilizable energy dispose procedure like this, and key of the present invention is exactly to utilize the various new characteristic of nanoscale (1nm-900nm) vegetalitas powder to carry out fuel making.

The purpose of this patent is to utilize to contain the plant powder of average particulate diameter at nanoscale, grain flour as nanoscale (1nm-900nm), provide a kind of from the recyclable fuel beyond petroleum industry, gas industry, nuclear industry or the solar industry, the burning-point of this fuel, burning and blast process can be controlled, the transportation of fuel and storage do not have problems, can be used as solid fuel, be used for driving oil engine especially, the refuse that uses this fuel to produce is nontoxic, thereby is used for replacing products such as oil or Sweet natural gas.

For example the starch with nanoscale is one of composition of fuel, stoichiometric ratio at fuel and air is 1: 1, in the turbulent condition and under environmental stress, utilize the composition and the initiation conditions of nano-starch dust, the velocity of diffusion that control reaches dust flame approximately is 30m/s, suitable substantially with the situation of using oil or Sweet natural gas goods, but discharge is not leaded, benzene, sulphur, hydrocarbon, contains carbon monoxide or deleterious particle thing (needn't use particulate filter) hardly.Below with the example explanation.

Example one

With ageing grain, rotten grain with mechanical means with its average diameter of particles that is crushed to the part composition in the range scale of 1nm～900nm, as the prolamine in the corn, at this yardstick, the particle of this composition is as shown in Figure 1.

Has the feature that hertzian wave is excited burning (oxidation) at the vegetal particle of this yardstick, has the controlled character of combustion processes, can be with the integral part operation of combustion engine of this fuel or fuel, the particulate matter that the burning back produces is less than the particulate matter that conventional fuel burning back produces.

Example two

Tissue of pulverizing plant or fallen leaves, deadwood, wood chip, waste (as degras matter), further decompose with methods such as acid, alkali, enzymes, it is worked into the range scale of part particulate mean diameter at 1nm～900nm, and the lipid granule of this yardstick as shown in Figure 2.In this size, the burning-point of vegetal granular fuel is lower than the burning-point of common wood, has the controlled character of combustion processes, can be with it as the fuel of fireworks or the integral part of fuel.

Example three

Utilize biotechnologies such as breeding technique, the average diameter of particles of natural component in the present cereal is improved to the nano level yardstick by the micron order yardstick, obtain natural nano raw material thus, as starch.The distribution of starch granules yardstick as shown in Figure 3.

At this yardstick, nano-starch can be suspended in air, fuel and the fuel oil, and as the fuel of boiler or the integral part of fuel, this fuel has the character that combustion conditions is controlled, the energy dispose procedure is controlled, and the environmental pollution that the burning back produces is lower than conventional fuel.

Claims

1, nanometer vegetalitas fuel it comprise woody plant, xylophyta, waterplant, marine plant, cereal, it is characterized in that included to as if the plant that can regenerate, breed.

2, by the described nanometer vegetalitas of claim 1 fuel, the space scale that it is characterized in that vegetable raw materials part or whole in the fuel composition is in 1nm～900nm scope.

3, by the described nanometer vegetalitas of claim 1 fuel, it is characterized in that fuel can release energy in burning, blast, when oxidized, the release of energy is abundant, can control.

4, by the described nanometer vegetalitas of claim 1 fuel, it is characterized in that its ignition condition can be temperature condition or hertzian wave, sound wave, vibration, collision, its burning, explosion condition and process can be controlled and adjust.

5, by the described nanometer vegetalitas of claim 1 fuel.The yardstick that it is characterized in that raw material can reach required yardstick by mechanical means, chemical process, biological method.