CN1584662A - Virtual image display apparatus - Google Patents
Virtual image display apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1584662A CN1584662A CN200410057595.0A CN200410057595A CN1584662A CN 1584662 A CN1584662 A CN 1584662A CN 200410057595 A CN200410057595 A CN 200410057595A CN 1584662 A CN1584662 A CN 1584662A
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Abstract
A virtual image display apparatus includes a pair of optical projection systems (10, 20), each of which has display device (11), light source (12), and projection lens (13). The image formed on the display device (11) is projected to image position optical system (30) which includes optical focus lens (31) and optical scattering device (32). Light from the optical projection systems (10, 20) is reflected at the translucent reflection device (200) in order to focus at right eye and left eye (301, 302) of observer. As a result, the image can form remote virtual image which can be distinguished by people. Because the optical scattering device (32) scatters lights in such a manner that the light which reaches one of the observing eye can not reach to other observing eyes, so that the image information of the light can be distinguished by the observer without causing cross fire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of virtual image display device, it is by the optical unit image projected information of reflection from the semitransparent reflector device, and with the virtual image overlap onto prospect make on the semitransparent reflector device the virtual image from observation point as seen.
Background technology
Such virtual image display device is generally used in the display system, wherein, extra image is shown as the virtual image on the display of observer front, and the extra doubling of the image is to image, perhaps be presented on the display or on the scene forward, and especially with the device for display of message that acts on the amusement equipment such as computer game or automobile.
Need increase the aerial perspective of the image on the display by the image distance that changes the virtual image.For example, to be shown as in the image information that relates to scene forward under the situation of the virtual image, wherein, image information overlaps onto on forward the scene, this image of identification under the situation of uncomfortable feeling can not had, and when the image distance of the virtual image distance between the scene in person and the display device and when changing, can obtain the sensation of reality more according to the observation.
More definite, when the distance between the scene in observer and the display device was longer, observer and the distance that will be displayed between the virtual image on the display equipment can become longer equally, so that can obtain the sensation of reality more.
When comparing, be expressly understood that more the virtual image is shown as the advantage of extra image, also can obtain aerial perspective by stereotelevision with common stereotelevision.
Common TV has external frame in addition in the viewing area, and therefore, observer's eyes may focus on the external frame.Under these circumstances, when the distance of display image changed significantly, it may provide the uncomfortable feeling to the observer.
Therefore, stereotelevision may show such image, and it provides relatively poor aerial perspective.On the other hand, when extra image was shown as the virtual image, image distance can dynamically change, because external frame that at all can not identification display device.
In traditional virtual image display device, the image on the display device is amplified by concave mirror or lens, and is shown as the virtual image, and wherein, mechanically the mobile optical device changes image distance.
In the traditional virtual image display device of another kind, disclosed such system with optical projection system and object lens, wherein, be provided with a pair of optical projection system, and the image at the emergent pupil place of projection lens is formed on observer's right eye and left eye place, that is, the light from the optical projection system focuses at right eye and left eye place.
For example, these traditional equipment disclose in Jap.P. publication (unexamined) H5-147456 or 2001-356298.
Changing under the situation of image distance by mechanical mobile optical device, large-sized screen is essential, and perhaps when image distance became longer, optical system itself became bigger.
Be used for automobile at traditional virtual image display device, and front windshield is as under the situation of semitransparent reflector device, the curvature of windshield changes significantly, the result, and the image on windshield is out of shape widely.
In addition, in the legacy equipment with a pair of optical projection system and object lens, wherein, assemble at the right and left eyes place by using object lens from the light of each optical projection system, this causes aberration to the optical axis displacement from object lens of the optical axis of projection system.As a result, may not assemble, so that the observer can not discern entire image, cause the interruption of image a given viewpoint from the light in the whole zone of lens.In addition, when the image that shows became bigger, object lens must be made bigger, thereby it is bigger that aberration becomes inevitably, reduced visibility.
Even realized not having the lens of aberration, when observer's observation point (eyes) even move less apart from the time, the interruption of image also may take place easily, because focus point is in the zonule.Therefore, even when light is controlled in the position of detecting observation point, the high visibility of also difficult acquisition.
Therefore, must make the diameter of luminous flux bigger greatlyyer by the emergent pupil that makes projection lens in focal spot.Yet, when emergent pupil becomes bigger, the distance between projection lens and the object lens, that is, projection distance becomes bigger, causes large-sized optical system.
As mentioned above, a lot of problems are arranged in traditional equipment, that is,
Under the mobile situation of some optical devices machineries of system, it is bigger that optical system becomes,
Because the aberration of lens, visibility reduces (image interruption), and
Under the situation that emergent pupil becomes bigger, it is bigger that optical system becomes.
Summary of the invention
Consider that above-mentioned problem realizes the present invention, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of virtual image display device, it is less, has better simply structure, and it has realized that high-quality image shows.
According to one of feature of the present invention, virtual image display device comprises: the optical unit that is used for projected image information; And be used to reflect semitransparent reflector device from the image information of optical unit, so that image information can be located to be identified as the virtual image by the observer at its observation point (eyes), wherein, image information is overlapping a long way off.
Optical unit comprises: a pair of optical projection system, each has and is used for the display device of display image thereon, be used to illuminate the light source of display device, and the projection lens that is used for the image of projection apparatus, wherein, this to the optical projection system projects corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye; And the picture position optical system that is arranged on the image focusing position, in this image focusing position, form from this each image to the optical projection system.
The picture position optical system comprises: the optical devices that are used for forming conjugate relation between the emergent pupil of projection lens and observer's observation point; And be used for the optical scattering device of scattered beam to such degree, that is, can not arrive other observation point to the light of one of observation point.
According to another feature of the present invention, optical amplification device can be increased in the top equipment, and is littler so that this equipment can further be made.
According to the feature that also has of the present invention, pick-up unit can be set detect the position of observing eye, to observe the light that assemble at the eye place to regulate.
According to the feature that also has of the present invention, single optical projection system of overlapping can be provided, and wherein, image is presented on the display device in the mode of timesharing, and be separated into each image, so that can obtain for having this identical effect to the equipment of optical projection system for right and left eyes.
According to the feature that also has of the present invention, a kind of optical combination device is provided, be used to make up from this each image, and the image of combination is by the reflection of semitransparent reflector device, so that obtain the high-quality virtual image under the situation of not using the optical scattering device to the optical projection system.
Description of drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings, will know above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage more from following detailed.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the virtual image display device of first embodiment according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is the view of the observer's that shows in Fig. 1 observation point (eyes);
Fig. 3 is when from top observation, shows the synoptic diagram that arrives the observation point in the equipment of Fig. 1 from the light of light source, wherein, has omitted half-reflecting mirror and micro-lens array;
Fig. 4 is the view that is used to illustrate the emergent pupil of projection lens;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that is similar to Fig. 3, wherein, has shown the light under the situation of the aberration that does not have lens;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram that is used for illustrating the optical principle of first embodiment that shows at Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of the modification of first embodiment, wherein, provides the pick-up unit of the position that is used to detect observation point;
Fig. 8 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device of second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device of the 4th embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device of the 5th embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 shows the synoptic diagram of virtual image display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present; And
Figure 13 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device of the 7th embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
(first embodiment)
Below with reference to embodiment the present invention is described.
In Fig. 1, show the schematic structure of the virtual image display device S1 of first embodiment according to the invention, reflect by semitransparent reflector plate 200 from optical unit 100 image projected information, so that from 301,302 couples of observers of its observation point (eyes) as seen image information becomes as the virtual image, wherein, the virtual image is overlapped a long way off.
Fig. 2 shows observer's eyes (301,302), and wherein, black part is corresponding to the pupil of eyes, and the length of black part is pupil diameter.
Each optical projection system 10,20 has the display device 11 that is used for image and shows, the light source 12 that is used to illuminate display device 11, and projection lens 13.
Picture position optical system 30 is one group and comprises the Fresnel lens 31 that is used for gathered light and the lens of micro-lens array 32.
The Fresnel lens 31 that is used for the light gathering is optical devices, and by these optical devices, the projection eye of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 become conjugate relation.Therefore, except the function of gathered light, lens 31 have the function as screen, and at this screen place, the image of display device 11 is throwed.
Micro-lens array 32 has as being used for and will arrive the optical scattering device of such degree from the light scatter of optical projection system 10,20, that is, the light that arrives one of eyes 301,302 can not arrive other eye functions.
As shown in Figure 1, the observer will be identified as the virtual image of stereoscopic vision for each virtual image 310,320 of right and left eyes 301,302 at such viewing position 330 places, that is, this position is also wanted the front apart from half-reflecting mirror 200 in the virtual image 310,320, and in this position, two virtual images 310,320 merge.As a result, the observer can to discern this image by binocular parallax be the image with perspective.
As mentioned above, two optical projection systems 10,20 that are respectively applied for right and left eyes 301,302 are arranged.Visual range between the observation point (eyes) 301,302 and can be by the virtual image 310,320 of mobile optical projection system 10,20 by the viewing position 330 of observer identification, that is, the image by the demonstration on the mobile display device 11 in the horizontal direction changes.
For example, when the virtual image 310,320 moved to further separation in the horizontal direction, the observer is recognition image on longer distance, and vice versa.
Therefore, advantage is that the observer can discern the virtual image with depth perception by perspective parallax.This advantage has reduced the load of system, because visual range can change by mobile lens on the direction at its optical axis at the image that move to show simply on the display device 11 and not and catoptron.
As mentioned above, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 is in conjugate relation with respect to the Fresnel lens 31 of lens combination 30 (picture position optical system).
Optical path length " b " between the projection eye of lens 13 and optical path length " a ", Fresnel lens 31 and the observer's between the Fresnel lens 31 the observation point 301,302, and the focal length of Fresnel lens 31 " f " meets following relational expression.(please see Figure 6)
1/a+1/b＝1/f
In this formula, when the optical path length " b " between calculating Fresnel lens 31 and the observation point 301,302, consider light reflection at half-reflecting mirror 200 places.
If do not have aberration in Fresnel lens 31, because conjugate relation, all light of the projection eye of scioptics 13 will be assembled on observation point 301,302.Therefore, will not have the waste of light, thereby can increase the brightness of display device.
Yet, in fact, in Fresnel lens 31, have aberration.If Fresnel lens 31 is made the bigger display image that amplifies, the aberration in the lens 31 will correspondingly increase so.
Aspect this, further describe with reference to figure 3 and 4.When the position above the observer was observed, Fig. 3 showed the synoptic diagram of optical projection system 20, lens 31 and observation point 301,302, wherein, had omitted half-reflecting mirror 200 and micro-lens array 32.Fig. 4 shows the synoptic diagram of the emergent pupil of projection lens 13.
As shown in Figure 4, projection lens 13 comprises rear lens 13a, stop member 13b and front lens 13c.The performance aperture of projection lens 13, that is, and when the performance size of the stop member 13b when exiting side is observed is an emergent pupil.In Fig. 4, the diameter 13d of emergent pupil points out in front lens 13c.
As shown in Figure 3, the image of projection eye passes through the position of Fresnel lens 31 formation corresponding to focus.Therefore, depend on the diameter 13d of emergent pupil at the diameter K2 of the luminous flux at focus place.
Make optical system whole more hour apart from K1 when shortening between projection lens 13 and the lens 31, it is essential that wide angle projection lens 13 becomes.When wide angle became bigger, it is littler that emergent pupil becomes, thereby become littler at the diameter K2 of the luminous flux at focus place.
Like this, there is trade-off relation in the miniaturization of optical system with between by the diameter K2 that makes the bigger luminous flux that increases the focus place of projection eye.
Still as shown in Figure 3, because the aberration of lens 31, focus is according to pass through a little of lens 31 places and mutual difference.For example, will on position, assemble at light B, C and the D of the some place scioptics 31 at the center of contiguous lens 31, and will on the position of more close lens 31, assemble near the light A and the E of the position scioptics 31 the edge of lens away from lens 31.
Be positioned under the situation of position X at observation point 301,302, light A, C and E arrive observer's right eye 302.As a result, the observer is recognition image partly, and it covers the image at middle and edge.The observer can not discern other annular section of general image.
Be positioned under the situation at Y place, position at observation point 301,302, light C and D arrive observer's right eye 302.The observer can not discern the image of marginal portion.
The interruption that image may occur as mentioned above, in given viewpoint.This is because each focus by Fresnel lens 31 is different mutually owing to the aberration (coma in this case) of lens at the diverse location place, and, thereby some positions of putting are according to the observation arranged and can not arrive the luminous flux of observer's eyes because the diameter of luminous flux is less.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that has shown under the situation that does not have aberration in Fresnel lens 31.As shown in Figure 5, scioptics 31 each light of difference can on a focus, assemble.Yet, disadvantageous under these circumstances being, even when the less distance of observation point displacement of observer's pupil, image can not be discerned.This is because the diameter of each luminous flux is less, and the diameter of pupil is also less.
When the position of detecting observation point, and the detection position that will put according to the observation, the position of focus and when changing, complicated control is essential, to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.Yet, consider the cost and the size of equipment, this is unpractiaca.In addition, the cost of the aberration of removal lens is higher, because this requires many lens.
Therefore, micro-lens array 32 is in the present invention as the optical scattering device.Because according to the curvature of lens, light can come scattering by micro-lens array 32, so can prevent the interruption at the image of given viewpoint.
Fig. 6 shows the synoptic diagram according to the optical principle of virtual image display device S1 of the present invention.When comparing, in Fig. 6, added micro-lens array 32 with Fig. 3.
As mentioned above, micro-lens array 32 has the function of coming scattered beam according to the curvature of lens, thereby can amplify luminous flux.All luminous fluxes by Fresnel lens 31 can amplify by micro-lens array 32, so that all light A can arrive observation point 302 to E.As a result, can prevent to be interrupted at the image of given viewpoint.
Understandable from Fig. 6, can discern complete image by the observer at position X and Y place.This means that the viewing area expands on optical axis.If the light for right eye arrives left eye, perhaps conversely, so so-called crosstalking will be taken place.
When the curvature of adjusted micro-lens array 32 in the horizontal direction, so that can not crosstalk the time, the while also can prevent the interruption of image and crosstalk.
When micro-lens array 32 ratio of curvature in vertical direction wanting hour in the horizontal direction, nephelometric turbidity unit in vertical direction is bigger than nephelometric turbidity unit in the horizontal direction.As a result, there is no need to control light in vertical direction in response to moving of observation point in vertical direction.
Yet, under the situation that observation point moves in the horizontal direction, when observation point is moved beyond a half of interpupillary distance, must control light.With explanation a kind of be used in response to eyes in the horizontal direction move the equipment of controlling light.
(modification of first embodiment)
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of equipment of modification of the virtual image display device of Fig. 1, wherein, has increased the camera 40 that is used to detect the position of observing eye and the catoptron 42 by electro-motor 44 rotations.Camera 40 comprises ccd sensor, and the image information of ccd sensor is analyzed by electronic control unit 46.
Observer's image is taken by camera 40, and is analyzed by control module 46, with the position of identification observation point 301,302.Then, the rotation angle of catoptron 42 is calculated by control module 46, and by electro-motor 44 rotations, so that arrive left and right sides observation point 301,302 respectively from the light of optical projection system 10,20.
Therefore, even move in the horizontal direction as the observer, thereby during observation point 301,302 displacements, can recognition image.For example, Fig. 7 shows the situation that observation point 301,302 moves on direction to the right.
As the improvement that shows in Fig. 7, catoptron 42 inserts from light source 12 to half-reflecting mirror 200 the light path, and light is departed from, and reduces size so that optical system can be used as integral body.
Under the situation of Fig. 1, wherein, do not use catoptron 42, the vertical length of equipment is big inevitably, and the vertical length of the equipment of Fig. 7 can be littler by using catoptron to make, when this equipment was used for automobile, this was particularly preferred.
When light was departed from, the distortion of the image that be shown may take place.That is, when light tilted by rotating mirror 42 to the incident angle of lens combination 30, the image that be shown can be out of shape.
In addition, be used at such equipment under the situation of automobile, wherein, the front glass of automobile (windshield) is as semitransparent reflector plate (half-reflecting mirror) 200, because the distortion that the curvature of front glass (windshield) may further produce image.
Yet when the display image of display device 11 is out of shape in advance, so that this distortion can obtain the image that (not have to be out of shape) can remedy the distortion that will produce at the light place of departing from the time under good condition.
According to the above embodiments, following advantage is arranged.
Can prevent that optical system from becoming bigger dimensionally, because the visual range between observation point 301,302 and the viewing position 330 can change by the position of moving by the image of this demonstration on display device 11 that optical projection system 10,20 is formed, discern the virtual image by the observer at these viewing position 330 places.That is, according to this embodiment, optical devices can not have physics to move.
Because picture position optical system (lens combination) 30 has optical devices (Fresnel lens) 31, make the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 one-tenth conjugate relations, so all light of the emergent pupil by projection lens 13 can be assembled in observer's given viewpoint, and are brighter thereby display image can become.
In addition, picture position optical system 30 has optical scattering device 32, and according to this optical scattering device, light scatter is to such degree,, can not arrive other observation point to the light of one of observation point that is.As a result, can make under the bigger situation at the projection eye that does not make projection lens 13 at the diameter of the luminous flux at focus place and to become bigger, that is, can not arrive other observation point to the light of one of observation point with such degree.
That is,, also can prevent the interruption of image, can suppress the reduction of visibility then even when lens aberration.In addition, there is no need to control light in response to moving of observation point.
As mentioned above, according to this embodiment, optical devices make littler with simpler structure, can obtain high-quality image simultaneously.
In the above-described embodiment, micro-lens array 32 is as the optical scattering device, and wherein, micro-lens array 32 curvature in vertical direction preferably makes littler than in the horizontal direction.
As already explained, under the situation of optical scattering, must prevent to crosstalk, so that can not arrive other observation point to the light of one of observation point.This means has certain limitation to the curvature of optical scattering device on its horizontal direction.
On the other hand, there is not any restriction in vertical direction scattering, because people's right eye and left eye setting are in the horizontal direction.Here it is, and why optical scattering device curvature in vertical direction can make littler reason.As its result, in most of the cases do not need the point of tracing study in vertical direction.
As what also in the modification of first embodiment, illustrate, consider that the size of optical system reduces, be preferably in catoptron 42 place's stray lights, this catoptron is arranged on from light source 12 to half-reflecting mirror 200 the light path.
In the superincumbent improvement, be provided for detecting the camera 40 and the catoptron 42 of the position of observation point 301,302, and the electro-motor 44 that is used to control to the light of observation point.Because catoptron 42 is set to rotate on surface level, so observation point tracking in the horizontal direction can be carried out in a preferred manner.
In addition, in above-mentioned modification, the image that is presented on the display device 11 is out of shape in advance, makes to remedy the image that is formed on the distortion on the reflection half-reflecting mirror 200 by optical projection system 10,20, to obtain high-quality image.
(second embodiment)
Fig. 8 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device S2 of second embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, prismatic lens 33 is added to the picture position optical system 30 of the equipment S1 that shows in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 8, prismatic lens 33 is arranged in the lens combination (picture position optical system) 30, wherein, and these prismatic lens 33 contact Fresnel lenses 31.Light is by prismatic lens 33 refractions.
The prismatic lens 33 here is to comprise micro-prism of stripe-shaped and the optical devices with refracted ray function.It is possible coming from optical projection system 10,20 incident ray on respect to the direction of the surface tilt of lens combination 30 by this prismatic lens 33.
In this prismatic lens 33, the angle of emergent ray (emergence angle) becomes recently little from the incident angle of the light of optical projection system 10,20, so that can obtain to be used for the lens effect of refracted ray suitably.
As a result, optical projection system 10,20 can be arranged on the position of contiguous more lens combination 30, thereby can realize the miniaturization of optical system.For example, realized that in Fig. 8 equipment size in vertical direction reduces.
In addition, prismatic lens 33 is arranged on the position that image forms, and forms the image of the display device 11 of optical projection system 10,20 in this position, that is, and and in the lens combination 30 that comprises Fresnel lens 31.Therefore, can eliminate the influence of the aberration that causes by prismatic lens 33.By being formed a unit, Fresnel lens 31, micro-lens array 32 and prismatic lens 33 obtain this effect in this embodiment.Yet, be not always these devices must be formed a unit.When but prismatic lens 33 is set to contiguous leaves lens combination 30, also can obtain same effect.
As mentioned above, can obtain virtual image display device S2, except the effect that is obtained by the equipment that shows in Fig. 1, equipment S2 has the effect of the influence of the aberration that reduces equipment size and suppress to be produced by prismatic lens 33.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Fig. 9 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device S3 of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, wherein, amplifies Fresnel lens 34 and is added among the equipment S1 that shows in Fig. 1.
Amplify Fresnel lens 34 and be arranged on such position, it separates from lens combination 30 (assembling Fresnel lens 31 and micro-lens array 32), and more contiguous observer.Lens 34 have the function of the image on the amplifying lens group 30.
In the equipment of Fig. 1, the image of optical projection system 10,20 is formed on the lens combination 30, and its virtual image is shown by half-reflecting mirror 200.Therefore, the optical path length from observation point 301,302 to lens combination 30 is corresponding to the image formation length of the virtual image apart from observation point 301,302.
When the visual range of image merging point (viewing position) need become longer by parallax in stereoscopic vision, wherein, the virtual image 310,320 of right and left eyes merges the some place at this image and is merged into an image, form length for the image of the virtual image 310,320 and will become longer, so that two images are merged into the virtual image 330 of stereoscopic vision easily.
This is because of observer's uncomfortable feeling because so former thereby decline, that is, the distance perspective observer when anaglyph in the convergence of regulating eyes 301,302 reduces difference with the focus of regulating eyes at the focus adjustment place between the distance perspective of the position of image formation.
In the above-described embodiments, amplify Fresnel lens 34 and be arranged on half-reflecting mirror 200 and comprise between the lens combination 30 of assembling Fresnel lens 31 and micro-lens array 32, be exaggerated a long way off and show so that be formed on the image 310,320 of the optical projection system 10,20 on the lens combination 30.
Be regarded as under the situation that constitutes a unified optical system at gathering Fresnel lens 31 and amplification Fresnel lens 34, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 become conjugate relation with respect to principal point, thereby image a long way off amplifies and light is assembled common existence.
In this embodiment, assemble Fresnel lens 31 and constitute optics light gathering (optically focused) device, micro-lens array 32 constitutes the optical scattering devices, and amplifies the optical amplification system that Fresnel lens 34 is configured for enlarged image.
Be regarded as under the situation that constitutes a unified optical system assembling Fresnel lens 31 and amplify Fresnel lens 34, the projection eye of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 become conjugate relation with respect to principal point.
(the 4th embodiment)
Figure 10 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device S4 of the 4th embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, the Fresnel lens 31 that is used for gathered light is removed from the lens combination 30 of the equipment that shows at Fig. 9.
That is, the equipment S4 of this embodiment comprises that each has the optical projection system 10 and 20 of light source 12 and projection lens 13, micro-lens array 32, amplifies Fresnel lens 34 and half-reflecting mirror 200.
In addition, amplify Fresnel lens 34 and have the function of gathering from the light of optical projection system 10,20, and be arranged on such position, that is, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 becomes conjugate relation with observer's observation point 301,302 principal points with respect to multiplying arrangement 34.
In this embodiment, micro-lens array 32 constitutes the optical scattering device, amplifies the optical amplification system that Fresnel lens 34 is configured for enlarged image.
(the 5th embodiment)
Figure 11 shows the synoptic diagram according to the virtual image display device S5 of the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
This virtual image display device S5 comprises: the single optical projection system 10 of overlapping with light source 12, display device 11 and projection lens 13; Optical imagery separation vessel 50 with liquid crystal light valve 51 and polarizing beam splitter mirror 52; Be used for light is directed to the reflector group 60 of lens combination 30; Has the picture position optical system 30 (lens combination) of assembling Fresnel lens 31 and micro-lens array 32; And the half-reflecting mirror 200 that is used for reflection ray.
Liquid crystal light valve 51 is twisted-nematic structures, wherein, and liquid crystal distortion 90 degree.Depend on the switch of electric field, its state from vertical orientation switches to the state of distortion, and vice versa.
Polarization plates (not having to show) is arranged on the light incident side of liquid crystal light valve 51, make under the situation under the state of liquid crystal at vertical orientation, light by light valve 51 will be on the identical direction of polarization plates polarization, and under the situation under the state that liquid crystal is twisting, light will revolve polarization on the direction that turn 90 degrees in the direction of polarization plates.Like this, the polarization direction of the light by light valve 51 depends on opening of electric field or off status can change 90 degree.
The polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 that is arranged on the dorsal part place of light valve 51 is optical devices, and it depends on its polarization direction reflection or transmitted ray.For example, under the situation of S polarization, its reflection ray, under the situation of P polarization, its transmitted ray.
Respectively by reflector group 60 guiding, and the image on the display device 11 of optical projection system 10 will project and be formed on the lens combination 30 by the light of polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 reflection and the light by polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 transmissions.
Even in this embodiment, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 also are in conjugate relation, and all light can accumulate in observation point 301,302, thereby display image can be brighter.
In this embodiment, display device 11 is worked in the mode of timesharing, with each image of Alternation Display right eye and left eye.Liquid crystal light valve 51 is also worked in the mode of timesharing, and the operation of itself and display device 11 is synchronous.
For example, the light of eye image projects polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 with the form of S polarization, and light is by polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 reflections then.On the other hand, the light of left-eye image projects polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 with the form of P polarization, and the light transmission is by polarizing beam splitter mirror 52 then.
Reflection coefficient at half-reflecting mirror 200 places is different from the direction of polarization of light.Therefore, need make light arrive half-reflecting mirror 200, make the S polarized component of light and P polarized component equate mutually.
Among Shuo Ming the embodiment,, reduce in the above so can realize the miniaturization and the cost of the optical system of equipment because the image of right eye and left eye can be throwed respectively by single optical projection system of overlapping.
In this embodiment, assemble Fresnel lens 31 and constitute optics light gathering (optically focused) device, micro-lens array 32 constitutes the optical scattering devices, and the optical imagery separation vessel 50 composing images tripping devices with liquid crystal light valve 51 and polarizing beam splitter mirror 52.
According to the above embodiments, can be separated into two images by optical imagery separation vessel 50 from the image of single optical projection system 10.Therefore, can identical mode show respectively with other embodiment that two optical projection systems are set for observer's the right eye and the image of left eye.
In this embodiment, when moving each image that will separate by optical beam splitting mirror 50, can change the visual range of the virtual image, that is, and viewing position 330.
More definite, alternately be formed on display image on the display device 11 with time-sharing format, that is, move respectively for the image of right eye with for the image of left eye.As a result, there is no need physics mobile optical device, thereby prevent that optical system from becoming bigger.
(modification of the 5th embodiment)
Among the embodiment of superincumbent Figure 11, amplifying Fresnel lens 34 also can increase in such position, it separates from lens combination 30 (comprising convergent lens 31 and micro-lens array 32), and more contiguous observer makes from 10,20 projections of optical projection system and is formed on image on the lens combination 30 to be exaggerated a long way off and to show.
In such modification, be regarded as under the situation that constitutes a unified optical system at gathering Fresnel lens 31 and amplification Fresnel lens 34, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 is set to become conjugate relation with respect to principal point with observer's observation point 301,302.
(the further modification of the 5th embodiment)
The gathering Fresnel lens 31 of lens combination 30 can be removed from the virtual image display device S5 of the 5th embodiment, as the 4th embodiment.
Under these circumstances, virtual image display device S5 comprises: the single optical projection system 10 of overlapping with light source 12, display device 11 and projection lens 13; Optical imagery separation vessel 50; Reflector group 60; Micro-lens array 32; Amplification Fresnel lens 34 with function of the function of gathered light and enlarged image; And half-reflecting mirror 200.
Even under the gathering Fresnel lens 31 removed situations of lens combination 30, the prismatic lens 33 that is used for refracted ray also can be set to micro-lens array 32 as the optical scattering device, as illustrating among superincumbent second embodiment.
(the 6th embodiment)
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram of virtual image display device S6 according to a sixth embodiment of the present, and wherein, the projection lens that has bigger projection eye by use comes slave unit to remove micro-lens array (optical scattering device).
The virtual image display device S6 that shows in Figure 12 comprises: a pair of optical projection system 10,20, and each has light source 12, display device 11 and projection lens 13; Be used to reflect and the half-reflecting mirror 70 of transmission from the light of optical projection system 10,20; Be arranged on the gathering Fresnel lens 31 of a position, in this position, the image of display device 11 is formed by projection lens 13; And the half-reflecting mirror 200 that is used for reflection ray.
In this embodiment, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 is with respect to assembling 31 one-tenth conjugate relations of Fresnel lens.
The diameter of the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 forms than big in the size of images (diameter of pupil) at observation point 301,302 places by assembling Fresnel lens 31.Therefore, can become enough big, be interrupted to prevent the image under the situation that does not have micro-lens array 32, because cover the observation point 301,302 that the light of entire image can arrive the observer from the diameter of the luminous flux of projection lens 13.
When it had bigger emergent pupil, it is bigger that the lens diameter of projection lens 13 becomes usually.The emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and given viewpoint are necessary in conjugate relation.Under this situation that projection lens 13 is be arranged in parallel, as first embodiment that shows in Fig. 1, wherein, the diameter of projection lens is bigger, and the distance between the emergent pupil becomes too big then, so that can not keep conjugate relation.That is, under the situation that does not cause the phase mutual interference, this almost can not be arranged in parallel to projection lens 13.
Among superincumbent first to the 5th embodiment, the diameter of the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 forms than little in the size of images (diameter of pupil) at observation point 301,302 places by assembling Fresnel lens 31.Therefore, though this to this situation that projection lens 13 is be arranged in parallel under, this can remain on suitable amount to the distance between the projection lens 13.
For above-mentioned reasons, optical projection system 10,20 is arranged on the opposite side of half-reflecting mirror 70, as shown in figure 12, so that reflect by half-reflecting mirror 70, and pass through half-reflecting mirror 70 transmissions from the light of other optical projection system from the light of an optical projection system.
That is, this emergent pupil to projection lens 13 makes up by the combination of half-reflecting mirror 70, so that emergent pupil and observation point obviously remain on conjugate position.As a result, micro-lens array 32 becomes and there is no need, and reduces with the cost of realizing equipment.
In this embodiment, assemble Fresnel lens 31 and constitute the optics light and assemble (optically focused) device, and half-reflecting mirror 70 constitute optical combination device.
According to top embodiment, the diameter of the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 forms than big in the size of images (diameter of pupil) at observation point 301,302 places by assembling Fresnel lens 31.Therefore, under the situation that does not have micro-lens array (optical scattering device) 32, can become bigger at the diameter of the luminous flux at focus place.
Therefore,, also can prevent the interruption of image, can suppress the reduction of visibility even when lens aberration.In addition, there is no need moving of tracing study point.
Because the combination of half-reflecting mirror 70 is set to make up from this image to optical projection system 10,20 in this embodiment, even so make when bigger when the projection lens 13 of optical projection system 10,20, projection lens 13 also can be arranged on the position of optimization and not cause interference.As a result, the optical system size that can prevent equipment becomes bigger.
(modification of the 6th embodiment)
In this embodiment, as among the 3rd embodiment, amplify Fresnel lens 34 and can be arranged on such position, it separates from convergent lens 31, and more contiguous observer makes from 10,20 projections of optical projection system and is formed on image on the convergent lens 31 to be exaggerated a long way off and to show.
In such modification, be regarded as under the situation that constitutes a unified optical system at gathering Fresnel lens 31 and amplification Fresnel lens 34, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 is set to become conjugate relation with respect to principal point with observer's observation point 301,302.
(the further modification of the 6th embodiment)
Assembling Fresnel lens 31 can remove from the virtual image display device S6 of the 6th embodiment, as the 4th embodiment.
Under these circumstances, substitute and assemble Fresnel lens 31, amplify Fresnel lens 34 and will be arranged on the position of more contiguous observer (more contiguous half-reflecting mirror 200), as the 4th embodiment.
Therefore, virtual image display device S6 comprises: this is to optical projection system 10,20, and each has light source 12, display device 11 and projection lens 13; The combination 70 of half-reflecting mirror; Be arranged on the position except the picture position that is used for optical projection system 10,20, and have the amplification Fresnel lens 34 of the function of the function of gathered light and enlarged image; And half-reflecting mirror 200.
(the 7th embodiment)
Figure 13 is that wherein, optical system is formed with fixing focus, and does not use parallax according to the synoptic diagram of the virtual image display device S7 of the 7th embodiment of the present invention.
The virtual image display device S7 that shows in Figure 13 comprises: the single optical projection system 10 of overlapping with light source 12, display device 11 and projection lens 13; Has the lens combination 30 of assembling Fresnel lens 31 and micro-lens array 32; And half-reflecting mirror 200.
In this embodiment, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 is with respect to assembling 31 one-tenth conjugate relations of Fresnel lens.Light beam is by micro-lens array 32 scatterings, so that light beam scattering in the whole viewing area that covers right eye and left eye 301,302.
In this embodiment, lens combination 30 comprises the optical devices (picture position optical system) that are used to form image, and micro-lens array 32 constitutes the optical scattering device.
In this equipment S7, because picture position optical system (lens combination) 30 has optical devices (Fresnel lens 31), as among first embodiment, so that the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 one-tenth conjugate relations, all light beams of emergent pupil by projection lens 13 can be assembled in observer's given viewpoint, and are brighter thereby display image can become.
In this embodiment, because micro-lens array (optical scattering device) 32 is set to light scatter to whole viewing area, so under the situation of the emergent pupil of not making projection lens 13, be that the diameter of luminous flux can become bigger at the focus place.
Therefore,, also can prevent the interruption of image, can suppress the reduction of visibility then even when lens aberration.In addition, there is no need moving of tracing study point.
As mentioned above, according to this embodiment, optical devices make littler with simpler structure, can obtain high-quality image simultaneously.In addition, be high because light is assembled performance, although visual range is fixed, can obtain brighter virtual image display device.
(modification of the 7th embodiment)
In this embodiment, as among the 3rd embodiment, amplify Fresnel lens 34 and can be arranged on such position, it separates from lens combination 30 (comprising convergent lens 31 and micro-lens array 32), and more contiguous observer makes from 10 projections of optical projection system and is formed on image on the lens combination 30 to be exaggerated a long way off and to show.
In such modification, be regarded as under the situation that constitutes a unified optical system at gathering Fresnel lens 31 and amplification Fresnel lens 34, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 is set to become conjugate relation with respect to principal point with observer's observation point 301,302.
Assembling Fresnel lens 31 can remove from the virtual image display device S7 of the 7th embodiment, as the 4th embodiment.
Under these circumstances, virtual image display device S7 comprises: the single optical projection system 10 of overlapping with light source 12, display device 11 and projection lens 13; Micro-lens array 32; Amplification Fresnel lens 34 with function of the function of gathered light and enlarged image; And half-reflecting mirror 200.
(other modification)
When micro-lens array 32 during as the optical scattering device, micro-lens array 32 curvature in vertical direction preferably makes littler than in the horizontal direction curvature, as among first embodiment.This also can be applied to other embodiment except first embodiment.
Optical scattering device in these embodiments should not be limited to micro-lens array.For example, can use the biconvex lens that is used for scattered beam in the horizontal direction and be used for the lamination main body of the biconvex lens of scattered beam in vertical direction.
In addition, so single lens can be used as the optical scattering device, wherein, are used in the horizontal direction that the biconvex lens of scattered beam is formed on the front, and the biconvex lens of scattered beam is formed on its back side and be used in vertical direction.
Even as under the situation of optical scattering device, be used for the curvature of the lens of scattered beam in vertical direction and preferably make littler than in the horizontal direction curvature at biconvex lens (perhaps a plurality of lens).By this structure, becoming needs tracing study eye moving in vertical direction hardly, as under the situation of using micro-lens array.
Illustrate that in the above-described embodiments by refractive light paths, prismatic lens 33 can be used to obtain the equipment of smaller szie, wherein, the emergence angle of light beam is set to than little from the incident angle of optical projection system 10,20.This is applied to all the foregoing descriptions.
The lens that are used for refractive light paths should in no way limit the prismatic lens 33 in the foregoing description.For example, can use the Fresnel lens of off-axis type.Under these circumstances, the emergence angle of light beam also is set to than little from the incident angle of optical projection system 10,20.
In the embodiment of the modification shown in Fig. 7, catoptron 42 is arranged on from the light source to the half-reflecting mirror in 200 the path, with refractive light paths, so that can realize the equipment of smaller szie.This is applied to all other embodiment.
In addition, among the embodiment of the modification that in Fig. 7, shows, be provided with the camera 40 that is used to detect observation point 301,302 positions, and the motor and the catoptron 42 that are used for light is directed to observation point, make and correctly to carry out in the horizontal direction mobile of tracing study point.
The above-mentioned follow-up mechanism that is used to detect the position of observation point also can be used for other embodiment.
Be used to guide the device of light to should in no way limit in rotating mirror 42 in the above-described embodiments.
For example, be arranged on from the optical devices of the picture position of optical projection system 10,20, the optical devices that perhaps are used to amplify from the image of optical projection system 10,20 can move in the mode of sliding. Optical projection system 10,20 can move slidably.
In the embodiment of the modification shown in Fig. 7, the image on display device 11 is out of shape in advance, so that the compensation virtual image, to obtain the image (not distortion) under good condition.
This also can be applied to other embodiment.
Be used for the virtual image display device of the embodiment that the prismatic lens 33 of refracted ray not only can be set at Fig. 8, and virtual image display device in other embodiments can be set.By this structure, the optical system of this equipment can make littler.
The optical amplification device (amplification Fresnel lens) 34 that is used for amplifying the image that is formed by the optical projection system not only can be arranged on third and fourth embodiment, and can be provided with in other embodiments, so that forming length, the image of the virtual image 310,320 can become longer, to improve visibility.
In other words, multiplying arrangement can be arranged on such position, it separates from lens combination 30 (convergent lens 31 and/or micro-lens array 32), and more contiguous observer, makes that throwing and be formed on image on the lens combination 30 from optical projection system (10,20) is exaggerated a long way off and shows.
According to virtual image display device of the present invention, can prevent that the optical system size from becoming bigger, because observation point and can changing by the image that moves the demonstration on the display device 11 of optical projection system 10,20 by the visual range that the observer discerns between the visible dots of the virtual image.That is, according to such structure, optical system not physics moves.
In above-mentioned any embodiment, the emergent pupil of projection lens 13 and observer's observation point 301,302 become conjugate relation with respect to principal point.As a result, all light of the emergent pupil by projection lens 13 can accumulate in observer's observation point, thereby display image can be brighter.
In addition, according to these embodiment that optical scattering device (micro-lens array) 32 wherein is set, the diameter of luminous flux can become greater to such degree, promptly, under the bigger situation of the emergent pupil that does not make projection lens 13, can not arrive other observation point to the light of one of observation point.
Therefore,, also can prevent the interruption of image, can suppress the reduction of visibility then even when lens have aberration.In addition, there is no need moving of tracing study point.
As mentioned above,, can make optical system littler, can obtain high-quality image simultaneously by simpler structure according to the present invention.
Claims (28)
1. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
A pair of optical projection system (10,20), each has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, be used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11), this throws corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye optical projection system (10,20); And
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30) of image focusing position,, form from this each image to optical projection system (10,20) in this image focusing position,
Wherein, this picture position optical system (30) comprising:
Be used between the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302), forming the optical devices (31) of conjugate relation; And
Be used for the optical scattering device (32) of scattered beam, that is, can not arrive other observation point (302) to the light of one of observation point (301) to such degree.
2. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
A pair of optical projection system (10,20), each has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, be used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11), this throws corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye optical projection system (10,20);
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30) of image focusing position,, form from this each image to optical projection system (10,20) in this image focusing position; And
Be used for amplifying optical amplification device (34) by this image that optical projection system (10,20) is formed;
Wherein, this picture position optical system (30) comprising:
The optics aggregation apparatus (31) that is used for collected light; And
Be used for the optical scattering device (32) of scattered beam, that is, can not arrive other observation point (302) to the light of one of observation point (301) to such degree, and
Be regarded as under the situation of a unified optical system at optics aggregation apparatus (31) and optical scattering device (32), the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) are in conjugate relation with respect to principal point.
3. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
A pair of optical projection system (10,20), each has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, be used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11), this throws corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye optical projection system (10,20);
Be arranged on formation from this image focusing position to each image of optical projection system (10,20), and be used for scattered beam to such degree, that is, can not arrive the optical scattering device (32) of other observation point (302) to the light of one of observation point (301), and
Be used for amplifying optical amplification device (34) by this image that optical projection system (10,20) is formed;
Wherein, the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) is in conjugate relation with respect to the principal point of optical amplification device (34).
4. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
Optical projection system (10), it has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, is used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11);
Be used for to be separated into the optical imagery separation vessel (50) of two images from the image of optical projection system (10); And
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30) of image focusing position,, form each image that separates by optical imagery separation vessel (50) in this image focusing position,
Wherein, this picture position optical system (30) comprising:
Be used between the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302), forming the optical devices (31) of conjugate relation; And
Be used for the optical scattering device (32) of scattered beam, that is, can not arrive other observation point (302) to the light of one of observation point (301) to such degree.
5. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
Optical projection system (10), it has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, is used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11);
Be used for to be separated into the optical imagery separation vessel (50) of two images from the image of optical projection system (10);
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30) of image focusing position,, form each image that separates by optical imagery separation vessel (50) in this image focusing position; And
Be used for amplifying the optical amplification device (34) of the image that each image separated by optical imagery separation vessel (50) forms,
Wherein, this picture position optical system (30) comprising:
The optics aggregation apparatus (31) that is used for collected light; And
Be used for the optical scattering device (32) of scattered beam, that is, can not arrive other observation point (302) to the light of one of observation point (301) to such degree, and
Be regarded as under the situation of a unified optical system at optics aggregation apparatus (31) and optical amplification device (34), the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) are in conjugate relation with respect to principal point.
6. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
Optical projection system (10), it has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, is used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11);
Be used for to be separated into the optical imagery separation vessel (50) of two images from the image of optical projection system (10); And
Be arranged on the image focusing position of each image that formation separates by optical imagery separation vessel (50), and be used for scattered beam to such degree, that is, can not arrive the optical scattering device (32) of other observation point (302) to the light of one of observation point (301);
Be used for amplifying the optical amplification device (34) of the image that each image separated by optical imagery separation vessel (50) forms,
Wherein, the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) is in conjugate relation with respect to the principal point of optical amplification system (34).
7. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
A pair of optical projection system (10,20), each has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, be used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11), this throws corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye optical projection system (10,20);
Be used for combination from this optical group assembly system (70) to the image of optical projection system (10,20); And
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30,31) of image focusing position,, form from this each image to optical projection system (10,20) in this image focusing position;
Wherein, picture position optical system (30,31) forms conjugate relation between the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302), and
The diameter of the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) is bigger than the size of images of locating at observation point (301,302) to be formed by picture position optical system (30,31).
8. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
A pair of optical projection system (10,20), each has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, be used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11), this throws corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye optical projection system (10,20);
Be used for combination from this optical group assembly system (70) to the image of optical projection system (10,20);
Be arranged on the optics aggregation apparatus (31) of image focusing position,, form from this each image to optical projection system (10,20) in this image focusing position; And
Be used for amplifying by optical amplification system (34) from this image that each image of optical projection system (10,20) is formed;
Wherein, be regarded as under the situation of a unified optical system at optics aggregation apparatus (31) and optical amplification system (34), the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) are in conjugate relation with respect to principal point, and
The diameter of the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) is bigger than the size of images of locating at observation point (301,302) to be formed by optics aggregation apparatus (31).
9. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
A pair of optical projection system (10,20), each has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, be used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11), this throws corresponding to observer's right eye and each image of left eye optical projection system (10,20);
Be used for combination from this optical group assembly system (70) to the image of optical projection system (10,20); And
Be arranged on and be different from formation, and be used for amplifying by optical amplification device (34) from this image that each image of optical projection system (10,20) is formed from this position to the image focusing position of each image of optical projection system (10,20);
Wherein, the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) are in conjugate relation with respect to the principal point of optical amplification device (34), and
The diameter of the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) is bigger than the size of images of locating at observation point (301,302) to be formed by optics aggregation apparatus (31).
10. virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
Single cover optical projection system (10), it has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, is used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11); And
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30) of image focusing position,, form image from this optical projection system (10) in this image focusing position,
Wherein, this picture position optical system (30) comprising:
Be used between the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302), forming the optical devices (31) of conjugate relation; And
Be used for the optical scattering device (32) of scattered beam to all viewing areas.
11. a virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
Single cover optical projection system (10), it has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, is used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11);
Be arranged on the picture position optical system (30) of image focusing position,, form image from this optical projection system (10) in this image focusing position; And
Be used for amplifying the optical amplification device (34) of the image that forms by optical projection system (10),
Wherein, this picture position optical system (30) comprising:
Optics aggregation apparatus (31) and be used for scattered beam to the optical scattering device (32) of all viewing areas; And
Be regarded as under the situation of a unified optical system at optics aggregation apparatus (31) and optical amplification device (34), the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) are in conjugate relation with respect to principal point.
12. a virtual image display device, it comprises:
The optical unit (100) that is used for projected image information; And
Be used for the semitransparent reflector device (200) of reflection from the image information of optical unit (100), so that image information can be identified as the virtual image by the observer in its given viewpoint, wherein, this image information is overlapping a long way off,
Wherein, this optical unit (100) comprising:
Single cover optical projection system (10), it has and is used for the display device of display image (11) thereon, is used to illuminate the light source (12) of display device (11), and the projection lens (13) that is used for the image of projection apparatus (11);
Be arranged on the image focusing position of formation, and be used for the optical scattering device (32) of scattered beam to all viewing areas from the image of optical projection system (10); And
Be used for amplifying the optical amplification device (34) of the image that forms by optical projection system (10),
Wherein, the emergent pupil of projection lens (13) and observer's observation point (301,302) is in conjugate relation with respect to the principal point of optical amplification device (34).
13. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used for optical devices (33) at light path refracted ray from the optical projection system to semitransparent reflector device (200).
14. any one the described virtual image display device according in claim 1 to 6 and 10 to 12 is characterized in that,
Optical scattering device (32) comprises micro-lens array.
15. any one the described virtual image display device according in claim 1 to 6 and 10 to 12 is characterized in that,
This optical scattering device (32) comprises micro-lens array, with and in vertical direction ratio of curvature curvature in the horizontal direction little.
16. any one the described virtual image display device according in claim 1 to 6 and 10 to 12 is characterized in that,
This optical scattering device (32) comprises the biconvex lens that is used for scattered beam in the horizontal direction and is used for the main body of the lamination of the biconvex lens of scattered beam in vertical direction.
17. virtual image display device according to claim 16 is characterized in that,
The curvature that is used for the biconvex lens of scattered beam in vertical direction is less than being used for the curvature of the biconvex lens of scattered beam in the horizontal direction.
18. any one the described virtual image display device according in claim 1 to 6 and 10 to 12 is characterized in that,
This optical scattering device (32) comprising:
Be formed on and be used for the biconvex lens of scattered beam in the horizontal direction on the front; And
Be formed on and be used for the biconvex lens of scattered beam in vertical direction on the back.
19. virtual image display device according to claim 18 is characterized in that,
The curvature that is used for the biconvex lens of scattered beam in vertical direction is less than being used for the curvature of the biconvex lens of scattered beam in the horizontal direction.
20. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used for optical devices (33) at the prismatic lens of path refracted ray from the optical projection system to semitransparent reflector device (200).
21. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used for optical devices (33) at the Fresnel lens of the off-axis type of path refracted ray from the optical projection system to semitransparent reflector device (200).
22. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used for optical devices (33) at path refracted ray from the optical projection system to semitransparent reflector device (200), wherein, big than the emergence angle of the light of refraction from the incident angle of the light of optical projection system (10,20).
23. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used at catoptron (42) from optical projection system (10,20) to the path refracted ray of semitransparent reflector device (200).
24. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used to detect the camera (40) of the position of observation point (301,302); And
Guide the guiding device (42,44) of light according to the position of detecting, so that light arrives observation point.
25. virtual image display device according to claim 24 is characterized in that, this guiding device comprises catoptron (42), and it rotates and guides light.
26. virtual image display device according to claim 24 is characterized in that, this guiding device moves in the following parts at least one with sliding type,
These parts are:
Optical projection system (10,20);
Picture position optical system (30);
Light gathering unit (31);
Optical scattering device (32); And
Optical amplification device (34).
27. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that,
The image of display device (11) is out of shape in advance, so that can obtain from optical projection system (10,20) image projected under the situation that does not have distortion.
28. any one the described virtual image display device according in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that,
The image of display device (11) is out of shape in advance, so that can obtain the virtual image on semitransparent reflector device (200) under the situation that does not have distortion.
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| US29832203A | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | |
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| US298322/2003 | 2003-08-22 |
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