CN1564030A - Polarizing membrane dispersion compensator based on optical fiber raster - Google Patents
Polarizing membrane dispersion compensator based on optical fiber raster Download PDFInfo
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- CN1564030A CN1564030A CN 200410017061 CN200410017061A CN1564030A CN 1564030 A CN1564030 A CN 1564030A CN 200410017061 CN200410017061 CN 200410017061 CN 200410017061 A CN200410017061 A CN 200410017061A CN 1564030 A CN1564030 A CN 1564030A
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Abstract
The dispersion compensator includes a preexposured linear chirp fiber grating and a regular linear chirp fiber grating. There is metal film on surface of the fiber grating. An extraction electrode is setup at two ends of the metal film. Two tail fibers of a polarization beam splitter are connected to the said preexposured linear chirp fiber grating and the regular linear chirp fiber grating. The input end of the polarization beam splitter is connected to polarization controller and circulator. Advantages are: simple preparation, and easy of dynamic adjustment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the optical communication technique field, particularly a kind of polarization mode dispersion compensator based on fiber grating, be mainly used in the polarized mode dispersion compensation in the high speed optical fiber communication, with the pulsewidth of recovery, reduce the distortion and the bit error rate that signal transmits because of the light pulse signal of the differential group delay broadening of different polarization mould transmission.
Background technology
In single-mode fiber, in fact transmitting two mutually orthogonal linear polarization patterns.In the single-mode fiber of the desirable symmetrical fibre core of circle, these two patterns are complete degeneracys, and their propagation constant equates, so there is not polarization mode dispersion.But in the optical fiber of reality, because factors such as the out-of-roundness of optical fiber and residualinternal stress make optical fiber produce birefringence.Except the birefringence that optical fiber structure itself exists, optical fiber in process of deployment bending and reverse and wait variation, or be subjected to the influence of factors such as ambient pressure and environment temperature, also will make the optical fiber generation add birefringence.When light transmits in this optical fiber, just there is certain transmission speed poor between two polarization modes, promptly their arrive the asynchronism(-nization) (so-called polarization mode dispersion that Here it is) of optical transmission chain end, the size that this two mistimings are exactly polarization mode dispersion.In addition, also will be coupled between two polarization modes.Because the influence of the birefringence of optical fiber intrinsic and extraneous factor is at random on fibre circuit, therefore, the coupling between two polarization modes also is at random, and causing polarization mode dispersion is a random quantity.
Along with the continuous development of social informatization, the user increases day by day to the demand of message capacity.Optical fiber communication as modern long distance line communication main body develops rapidly in the direction towards two-forty, high capacity and long distance always.Now, commercial single-channel speed has developed into 10Gb/s, forward 40Gb/s even 160Gb/s development.Along with the raising of single channel transfer rate, the little polarization mode dispersion problem of influence becomes more and more outstanding in than the low rate fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS).The transmission performance of polarization mode dispersion infringement system, the transfer rate of restriction system and distance are considered to limit the final factor of speed fiber optic communication systems transmission capacity and distance.Just because of polarization mode dispersion the high-speed high capacity optical fiber telecommunications system is had very important influence, how the polarization mode dispersion of compensated optical fiber communication system has become the problem of industry broad research.On the other hand, because polarization mode dispersion is a random statistical amount, so polarization mode dispersion compensator is wanted dynamic adjustable.
The ultimate principle of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation is two polarized lightwaves decomposition with light signal, respectively by the different chronotron of amount of delay, and then synthetic.Critical component wherein is a chronotron.Now reported the scheme of multiple polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation.Formerly one of technology adopts the bulk optics chronotron: see Jungho Kim, " the Polarization mode dispersion compensator using apolarization beam splitter and quarter-wave plates " that Hosung Yong etc. delivers, Applied Optics, Vol.40, pp.4473-4475,2001;
Formerly two of technology adopt the polarization maintaining optical fibre nonlinearly chirped fiber grating: see S.Lee, " the High-birefringence nonlinearly-chirped fiber Bragg grating for tunablecompensation of polarization mode dispersion " that R.Khosravani etc. deliver, OFC Technical Digest, pp.272-274,1999.
Formerly three of technology adopt two linear chirp optical fiber gratings: see K.Yoshiara, " the Tunable Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensator with ChirpedFiber Bragg Gratings " that people such as M.Takabayashi deliver, OFC Technical Digest, pp.168-169,2003.
Their basic functional principle is identical: at first separately with two polarization signals, and relief they pass through the route of different delayed time respectively, under the control of backfeed loop, making the delay inequality between two polarization modes is zero.Two polarization mode signals after will compensating at last mix exports to photoreceiver.But the polarization mode dispersion compensator that utilizes the bulk optics chronotron to constitute will be easier to be subjected to the influence of surrounding environment factor; And it is comparatively complicated to write non-linear chirp grating preparation method on polarization maintaining optical fibre, and is not easy to dynamic adjustments, promptly is unfavorable for the dynamic adjustments compensation rate; And when utilizing three described methods of technology formerly, because the background refractive index of two optical fiber is identical, their time lag curve is the same, therefore before application, to all plate metal film on the surface of two fiber gratings, and extraction electrode, for adding electric current, change the temperature of fiber grating, when using, the temperature of wherein a grating to be added to 60 ℃ in advance, so that the time lag curve of two gratings staggers, produce delay inequality, with this compensating polarization mode dispersion, then change electric current, thereby reach the purpose of dynamic compensation by another grating surface metal film.This shows that this scheme preparation is complicated, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the defective of above-mentioned technology formerly, and a kind of polarization mode dispersion compensator based on fiber grating is provided, and its preparation is simple, and cost is low, is easy to dynamic adjustments.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator, be characterized in that it comprises: a pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating and a conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating, there is metal film on the surface of this routine linear chirp optical fiber grating, an extraction electrode is respectively established at the two ends of this metal film, two tail optical fibers of one polarization beam apparatus connect pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating and conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating respectively, and the input end of this polarization beam apparatus links to each other with circulator with Polarization Controller.
Described preparation method based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator comprises the following steps:
1. a routine is mixed after the coat of short section of optical fiber is peelled off in the middle of the germanium oxide single-mode fiber, utilize uv-exposure to make the refractive index of this segment optical fiber become big, form pre-exposure optical fiber, utilize the linear chrip phase-plate, on this pre-exposure optical fiber, write linear chirp grating, form the pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating;
2. another root routine is mixed after the coat of short section of optical fiber is peelled off in the middle of the germanium oxide single-mode fiber, utilize above-mentioned same linear chrip phase-plate, make conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating, then plate metal film, and draw two electrodes at the two ends of this metal film on the surface of this grating;
3. the pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating is connected respectively with two tail optical fibers of polarization beam apparatus with conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating; The input end of this polarization beam apparatus links to each other with circulator with Polarization Controller;
4. through encapsulation, promptly constituted based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator.
Resistance between described two extraction electrodes is 7 ohm.
The effective refractive index of the fiber segment after pre-exposure is handled will be greater than the effective refractive index of undressed optical fiber, like this, the linear chirp optical fiber grating of being write after pre-exposure is handled will be greater than the time delay of conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating to the light of this optical frequency to the time delay of the light of a certain optical frequency.Like this, when the output light of fiber transmission link will produce a certain amount of delay inequality through behind these two gratings respectively through the two bunch polarized lights that polarization beam apparatus decomposes gained, if the equal and opposite in direction and the opposite in sign of the polarization mode dispersion that this delay inequality and fiber transmission link are brought, then total delay inequality is zero, i.e. polarization mode dispersion has obtained compensation.The increase of the effective refractive index of the fiber segment after utilizing pre-exposure to handle increases along with the increase of the umber of pulse of the energy of pre-exposure and pre-exposure, this means, can prepare the polarization mode dispersion compensator of optical transmission chain by control with different polarization modal dispersion.
When the metal film of giving conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating surface applies different electric currents, because Joule effect, the temperature of conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating will change, and this will cause the time delay of this certain wavelength of grating pair to change, and promptly reach the purpose of time delay size dynamic adjustable.
The surface of conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating is metal-coated membrane not, but it is sticked on the semi-girder, also can reach the purpose of dynamic adjustments compensation rate by the adjusting semi-girder.
The linear chrip grating that the present invention is based in the polarization mode dispersion compensator of fiber grating has two kinds of different arrangements, thereby forms two kinds of different embodiments.
The cycle of (1) two linear chirp optical fiber grating from left to right increases gradually, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) cycle of single line chirped fiber grating from left to right increases gradually, and the cycle of another root grating from left to right reduces gradually, as shown in Figure 3.
This novel polarization mode dispersion compensator based on fiber grating is compared with existing polarization mode dispersion compensator and is had the following advantages:
(1) adopts this method technology of preparing and the method for the dynamic adjustable of the polarization mode dispersion compensator for preparing is simple, be convenient to regulate, and the scope of dynamic adjustments is big.
(2) preparation technology of this polarization mode dispersion compensator is simple, is easy to realize.
(3) the linear fiber grating that this polarization mode dispersion compensator adopted is to write on the commercial optical fiber, and is to utilize the phase-plate of linear chrip to write, so cost is low.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the polarization mode dispersion compensator embodiment 1 based on fiber grating of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram corresponding to the time lag curve of two linear chirp optical fiber gratings of first kind of embodiment and the differential group delay that produced.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the polarization mode dispersion compensator embodiment 2 of fiber grating.
Fig. 4 is the time lag curve of two linear chirp optical fiber gratings of embodiment 2 and the synoptic diagram of the differential group delay that produced.Dotted line among the figure is the time lag curve of the linear chirp optical fiber grating that writes after ultraviolet light pre-exposure is handled, and solid line is the time lag curve of the linear chirp optical fiber grating that writes after handling without ultraviolet light pre-exposure.
Embodiment:
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 3.Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 the present invention is based on the embodiment 1 of polarization mode dispersion compensator of fiber grating and 2 structural representation, as seen from the figure, the polarization mode dispersion compensator that the present invention is based on fiber grating is to mix germanium oxide single-mode fiber 8 by a commercial routine, adopt uv-exposure to make the refractive index of certain a bit of optical fiber become big, form pre-exposure section optical fiber, utilize the linear chrip phase-plate to write grating in the pre-exposure section then, form the linear chirp optical fiber grating 1 of pre-exposure; On another root optical fiber 9, handle without ultraviolet pre-exposure, utilize same phase-plate to write grating, obtain conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating 2, then plate metal film on the surface of this grating 2, and at the two ends of metal film extraction electrode.Pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating 1 and conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating 2 are connected respectively on two tail optical fibers of polarization beam apparatus 3, at last the input end of this polarization beam apparatus 3 is pressed with Polarization Controller 5 and circulator 4 and linked to each other, and, promptly constitute this novel polarization mode dispersion compensator based on fiber grating through encapsulation.
Below just two application examples of this novel polarization mode dispersion compensator based on fiber grating be described further.
Embodiment 1:
Whole compensator device is made up of linear chirp optical fiber grating 1, conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating 2, photoreceiver 7, current control circuit 10 and the backfeed loop 11 of connector 6, Polarization Controller 5, circulator 4, polarization beam apparatus 3, pre-exposure as shown in Figure 1.Wherein connector 6 links to each other with the end of fiber transmission link, and promptly for this compensator, the light signal of Optical Fiber Transmission end, is received by photoreceiver 7 after then this compensator of process carries out polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation from connector 6 inputs.Concrete compensation process is: by the light signal of fiber transmission link output, pass to Polarization Controller 5 through connector 6, the effect of this Polarization Controller 5 is to guarantee that the polarization state of its output light signal is constant, then light signal arrives polarization beam apparatus 3 through circulator 4 again, polarization beam apparatus 3 is divided into mutually perpendicular two bunch polarized lights with light signal, they close ripple after circulator 4 is received by receiver 7 through polarization beam apparatus 3 after passing through the linear chirp optical fiber grating 1 and 2 reflections of conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating of pre-exposure respectively again.The effect of circulator 4 is to guarantee that light only is transferred to photoreceiver 7.In this process, because the linear chirp optical fiber grating 1 of pre-exposure and conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating 2 are introduced varying in size of time delay, therefore between two bunch polarized lights, introduced an additional delay inequality, when the equal and opposite in direction of the polarization mode dispersion of this time delay extent and fiber transmission link but during opposite in sign, just reached the purpose of compensating polarizing film chromatic dispersion.Because polarization mode dispersion is a random statistical amount, its size is changing, thereby the polarization state of the light signal of fiber transmission link output also will change, in this compensator, take out feedback signal from receiver 7, after feedback circuit 11 was handled, control Polarization Controller 5 remained unchanged with the polarization state that guarantees the signal that Polarization Controller 5 is exported; Take out the output current of another road feedback signal Control current control circuit 10 from receiver 7, the time delay of 2 pairs of input optical signals of conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating is changed, and the time delay of 1 pair of input optical signal of linear chirp optical fiber grating of pre-exposure is constant, therefore the two delay inequality to light signal will change with the variation of Control current, thereby reaches the purpose of dynamic compensation polarization mode dispersion.
Embodiment 2:
The linear chirp optical fiber grating 1 of the pre-exposure in embodiment 1 compensation system is changed a direction place the compensation system that has just constituted this application example.Compare with example 1, it has bigger dynamic adjustments scope.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator, it is characterized in that it comprises: a pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating (1) and a conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating (2), there is metal film on the surface of this fiber grating (2), an extraction electrode is respectively established at the two ends of this metal film, two tail optical fibers of one polarization beam apparatus (3) connect pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating (1) and conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating (2) respectively, and the input end of this polarization beam apparatus (3) links to each other with circulator (4) with Polarization Controller (5).
2, the preparation method based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. a routine is mixed after the coat of short section of optical fiber is peelled off in the middle of the germanium oxide single-mode fiber (8), utilize uv-exposure to make the refractive index of this segment optical fiber become big, form pre-exposure optical fiber, utilize the linear chrip phase-plate, on this pre-exposure optical fiber, write linear chirp grating, form pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating (1);
2. another root routine is mixed after the coat of short section of optical fiber is peelled off in the middle of the germanium oxide single-mode fiber (9), utilize above-mentioned same linear chrip phase-plate, make conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating (2), then plate metal film, and draw two electrodes at the two ends of this metal film on the surface of this grating;
3. pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating (1) is connected respectively with two tail optical fibers of polarization beam apparatus (3) with conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating (2); The input end of this polarization beam apparatus (3) links to each other with circulator (4) with Polarization Controller (5);
4. through encapsulation, promptly constituted based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator.
3, the preparation method based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator according to claim 2 is characterized in that the resistance between described two extraction electrodes is 7 ohm.
4, the preparation method based on linear optical fiber grating polarization modal dispersion compensator according to claim 2 is characterized in that the cycle of described pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating (1) and the cycle of the conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating of another root (2) all from left to right increase gradually; Or the cycle of pre-exposure linear chirp optical fiber grating (1) from left to right increases gradually and the cycle of the conventional linear chirp optical fiber grating of another root (2) from left to right reduces gradually.
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| CN 200410017061 CN1236338C (en) | 2004-03-19 | 2004-03-19 | Polarizing membrane dispersion compensator based on optical fiber raster |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101582722B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2011-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Tunable chromatic dispersion compensation device based on chirp grating |
| CN106569357A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-freedom-degree spectral filter capable of compensating chromatic dispersion of polarization mode |
| CN110646884A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Polarization beam splitter with large manufacturing tolerance and high polarization extinction ratio |
| CN117452546A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-01-26 | 曲阜师范大学 | Double-layer grating broadband terahertz polarization wave plate based on dispersion compensation mechanism |
-
2004
- 2004-03-19 CN CN 200410017061 patent/CN1236338C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101582722B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2011-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Tunable chromatic dispersion compensation device based on chirp grating |
| CN106569357A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-freedom-degree spectral filter capable of compensating chromatic dispersion of polarization mode |
| CN106569357B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom spectral filter can compensate for polarization mode dispersion |
| CN110646884A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Polarization beam splitter with large manufacturing tolerance and high polarization extinction ratio |
| CN110646884B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-26 | 华中科技大学 | Polarization beam splitter with large manufacturing tolerance and high polarization extinction ratio |
| CN117452546A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-01-26 | 曲阜师范大学 | Double-layer grating broadband terahertz polarization wave plate based on dispersion compensation mechanism |
| CN117452546B (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-05-03 | 曲阜师范大学 | Double-layer grating broadband terahertz polarization wave plate based on dispersion compensation mechanism |
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