CN1530557A - 防火轴承 - Google Patents

防火轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1530557A
CN1530557A CNA2004100058352A CN200410005835A CN1530557A CN 1530557 A CN1530557 A CN 1530557A CN A2004100058352 A CNA2004100058352 A CN A2004100058352A CN 200410005835 A CN200410005835 A CN 200410005835A CN 1530557 A CN1530557 A CN 1530557A
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Prior art keywords
bearing
minutes
lubricating grease
steel
combination
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拉尔斯·卡尔曼
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SKF AB
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SKF AB
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6633—Grease properties or compositions, e.g. rheological properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F04D29/059—Roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/06—Lubrication
    • F04D29/063—Lubrication specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N17/00—Lubrication of machines or apparatus working under extreme conditions
    • F16N17/02—Lubrication of machines or apparatus working under extreme conditions at high temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/2805—Esters used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • C10M2217/0456—Polyureas; Polyurethanes used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/17—Alloys
    • F05D2300/171—Steel alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/40—Organic materials
    • F05D2300/43—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators

Abstract

本发明涉及一种轴承和润滑剂的结合体(C)，它用作烟和废热通风系统中的旋转轴的支撑系统，并且具有这样的性能：它满足在600℃的紧急温度下承受至少60分钟的要求，同时在露出到该紧急温度15分钟之后停顿2分钟，其特征在于，该轴承是具有钢保持架的马氏体不锈钢轴承(环)，该轴承用普通的电动机的润滑脂来进行润滑，该润滑脂的原油粘性在40℃下为50－200cSt。

Description

防火轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防火轴承，本发明尤其涉及一种风扇和电动机的深槽球轴承。
背景技术
现今，使大规模建筑工程如交通、机场、仓库、较大公众建筑物等的隧道具有较好防火性实际上被认为是重要的。15-20年以来，这些结构中的许多配置有动力烟和热排放通风系统(SHEVS)。这些SHEVS在着火的情况下确保把更冷的、更清洁的空气加入到热气体下方中。但是，这些SHEVS还应该使最终用户降低工作费用，因为这些系统每天连续地使用用于舒适地进行通风。
新的欧洲标准(EN12101-3)正在引入中。该标准规定，通风设备中所使用的电动机按照级别进行分类，直至600℃(参见表1)。新标准与老的国家标准相一致，但是增加了一个重要的要求，即在紧急情况下，停顿两分钟。
表1
紧急情况分类 紧急情况温度[℃]   在紧急温度下需要运行的时间[分钟] 在紧急温度下停顿时间的要求
    F200     200     120 在紧急温度下在15分钟之后2分钟
    F300     300     60 在紧急温度下在15分钟之后2分钟
    F400     400     120 在紧急温度下在15分钟之后2分钟
    F600     600     60 在紧急温度下在15分钟之后2分钟
要求
可以注意到，该标准使得制造和最终用户可以确保在SHEVS作为日常的舒适通风装置进行工作时具有较小的寿命周期费用。标准(I-II)给出了下面要求，但是还需要额外的消费者要求(III-IV)：
I.根据标准，在400℃(2小时)和600℃(1小时)下的紧急运行能力；
II.根据标准，在紧急温度下，关闭和重新起动能力；
III.在正常电动机温度(70-120℃)下，具有非常长的使用寿命(润滑脂寿命)；及
IV.在正常工作温度下噪声较小。
V.费用较少
今天，用于SHEVS的合格电动机使用由较硬轴承钢(典型地为AISI52100碳铬钢，它含有大约1％的碳和1.5％的铬)所形成的轴承，并且它们用高温润滑脂或者用以硅或者PTFE增稠剂和原油为基础的软膏来进行润滑。这些轴承常常还进行特殊的热处理(稳定化)，从而确保在更高温度(常常高达大约200℃到250℃)下也不会产生结构变化。但是，这些轴承类型不能满足F600电动机的标准的要求I和II，并且最重要的是，它们相对于要求III和IV没有较好的性能。
根据这些要求，从早期的实验(例如，SKP Evolution magazine2/96，“Evaluating hybrid bearings for general application”)中可以预料到，用寿命较长的电动机械润滑脂来进行润滑的组合滚动轴承(这些轴承具有AISI52100钢环和氮化硅瓷滚动元件)为F400和F600电动机产生了所需要的性能(I-IV)。但是，混合轴承难以满足可以被广泛接受的费用较低的要求(V)。
建立筛选实验，从而根据电动机的标准来比较这些混合轴承与其它轴承的能力。
例子1-筛选实验
具有不同6205深槽球轴承设计(环和保持架的材料)和润滑剂(润滑脂)的八个方案(十六个轴承)被选择来进行实验(表2)。根据100℃(2小时试运转)、200℃(1小时)、300℃(1小时)、400℃(1小时)、600℃(1小时)或者直到发生故障为止，顺序地逐步地进行这些实验。
实验过程：15分钟在温度/停止，并且在温度下停止2分钟/45分钟。
运转条件：
轴向负荷(Fa)：190N
径向负荷(Fr)：350N
速度：1500rpm
(正常填满)6205轴承的润滑脂量：大约1.8cm3。
表2
    种类 轴承材料     润滑脂
    A. 组合滚动轴承(马氏体不锈钢环)；钢保持架     Klüber Asonic GHY72
    B. 组合滚动轴承(AISI 52100轴承钢环)；钢保持架     Klüber Asonic GHY72
    C. 所有不锈(马氏体)钢轴承(环和球)，钢保持架     Klüber Asonic GHY72
    D. 所有钢(AISI 52100)轴承；钢保持架     Klüber Barrierat L55/2
    E. 所有钢(AISI 52100)轴承；钢保持架     Dow Corning Molykote 41
    F. 所有钢(AISI 52100)轴承；钢保持架     Klüber Asonic GHY72
    G. 所有钢(AISI 52100)轴承；环温度稳定到150℃；钢保持架     FT150 bearings from SNR；PTFEgrease
    H. 具有AISI 52100轴承钢环和聚酰胺保持架的组合滚动轴承     Klüber Asonic GHY72
Kliiber Asonic GHY72润滑脂-电动机润滑脂，噪声小，在70-120℃范围内使用寿命长(聚脲脂肪酸盐(polyurea soap)；合成酯原油；及在40℃下原油粘性大约为72cSt)。
以Kliiber Barrierat L55/2润滑脂-PTFE为基础的高温润滑脂。
Dow Corning Molykote 41润滑脂-硅基高温润滑脂。
筛选实验的结果
如所期望的那样，两种混合轴承类型(A和B)在筛选实验的总循环中保留下来。但是，具有电机械润滑脂的所有不锈钢类型C(马氏体不锈钢X65Cr13)的工作性能惊人地胜过所有其它的全部钢类型，即使它们具有高温润滑脂也是如此，并且具有与两种混合轴承类型相同的生命力。这就意想不到地满足了费用低的要求(V)和满足了安全功能。筛选实验结果示出在深槽球轴承(标号为6205)的附图1中，该轴承用于烟和热排放通风系统的电动机中。其它实验例子D-H出现在这样的实验中，该实验在到达实验温度之前被失效了。
本发明不局限于说明书中所描述的结合，而是在附加权利要求的范围内可以进行各种变型和改进。

Claims (4)

1.一种轴承和润滑剂的结合体，它用作烟和热排放通风系统中的旋转轴的支撑系统，并且具有这样的性能：它满足承受至少60分钟的600℃的紧急温度的要求，同时在暴露于该紧急温度15分钟之后停顿2分钟，其中，该轴承是具有钢保持架的马氏体不锈钢轴承(环)，该轴承用普通的电动机的润滑脂来进行润滑，该润滑脂的原油粘性在40℃下为50-200cSt的范围。
2.如权利要求1所述的轴承和润滑剂的结合体，其特征在于，润滑脂具有聚脲的脂肪酸盐。
3.如权利要求1或者2所述的轴承和润滑剂的结合体，其特征在于，润滑脂具有合成酯的原油。
4.如权利要求1所述的轴承和润滑剂的结合体，其特征在于，轴承是向心球轴承。
CNA2004100058352A 2003-02-20 2004-02-20 防火轴承 Pending CN1530557A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE03004710 2003-02-20
SE0300471A SE527151C2 (sv) 2003-02-20 2003-02-20 Brandsäkra lager

Publications (1)

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CN1530557A true CN1530557A (zh) 2004-09-22

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US (1) US20040213495A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1530557A (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0400566A (zh)
DE (1) DE102004006161A1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2851625B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2399147B (zh)
SE (1) SE527151C2 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112567146A (zh) * 2018-08-08 2021-03-26 Ntn株式会社 滚动轴承的附带树脂被膜的保持器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011122662A1 (ja) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Ntn株式会社 転がり軸受
DE102010014482A1 (de) * 2010-04-10 2011-10-13 Aktiebolaget Skf Wälzlager

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4316921A (en) * 1979-10-04 1982-02-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy High temperature lubricating process
JPH0788854B2 (ja) * 1986-09-29 1995-09-27 光洋精工株式会社 ころがり軸受
JPH03173747A (ja) * 1989-11-30 1991-07-29 Ntn Corp グリース封入軸受
US6228813B1 (en) * 1993-04-30 2001-05-08 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing filled with a lubricant-containing polymer and process of the same
JP3002957B2 (ja) * 1995-09-11 2000-01-24 光洋精工株式会社 転がり軸受および転がり軸受の潤滑膜形成方法
JP3624998B2 (ja) * 1996-09-30 2005-03-02 光洋精工株式会社 転がり軸受
JPH11218144A (ja) * 1997-11-17 1999-08-10 Nippon Seiko Kk ワンウェイクラッチ内蔵転がり軸受
DE10066411B3 (de) * 1999-02-12 2013-12-05 Nsk Ltd. Rollenvorrichtung
JP2001173667A (ja) * 1999-12-20 2001-06-26 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd 転動装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112567146A (zh) * 2018-08-08 2021-03-26 Ntn株式会社 滚动轴承的附带树脂被膜的保持器

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FR2851625B1 (fr) 2006-02-17
US20040213495A1 (en) 2004-10-28
FR2851625A1 (fr) 2004-08-27
SE0300471L (sv) 2004-08-21
GB2399147A (en) 2004-09-08
SE527151C2 (sv) 2006-01-10
BRPI0400566A (pt) 2005-06-28
DE102004006161A1 (de) 2004-09-09
GB0403823D0 (en) 2004-03-24
SE0300471D0 (sv) 2003-02-20
GB2399147B (en) 2006-02-08

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