CN1515848A - Solar energy-air heat pump water heater - Google Patents
Solar energy-air heat pump water heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN1515848A CN1515848A CNA031506267A CN03150626A CN1515848A CN 1515848 A CN1515848 A CN 1515848A CN A031506267 A CNA031506267 A CN A031506267A CN 03150626 A CN03150626 A CN 03150626A CN 1515848 A CN1515848 A CN 1515848A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a solar-air heat pump water heater, including a solar-air evaporator, a hot-water tank containing submerged condenser coil, a small heat pump compressor and related refrigerating fittings of thermodynamic expansion valve, gas-liquid separator, drying filter and liquid storage device. The solar-air evaporator is formed from the components of solar heat-collecting plate, air conditioning fan, air vent and shell body. The solar heat collector and air heat-exchanger are combined together by adopting compact structure form. The automatic control device of the water heater includes a temperature difference controller for controlling starting and stopping of the fan and a water tank constant temperature device for controlling starting and stopping of compressor.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy-air Teat pump boiler, relate in particular to a kind ofly, belong to energy class heat supply process field the improved novel round-the-clock Teat pump boiler of direct expansion formula solar heat-pump water heater.
Background technology:
The water heater product of generally selling on China water heater market is electric heater, gas heater and solar water heater etc. at present.Wherein, electric heater is a cost with the electric power that consumes a large amount of costlinesses, is unfavorable for the reasonable utilization of the energy; In use then there is serious potential safety hazard in gas heater, and report is arranged during the annual poisoning that causes because of the use of gas heater; Conventional solar water heater can not be produced hot water overcast and rainy, can only rely on electrical heating to remedy the deficiency of solar energy, thereby the wasting phenomenon that also has the energy particularly uses this water heater very uneconomical at some overcast and rainy many southern areas.So, a kind of novel hot water apparatus based on the heat pump cycle principle begins to show up prominently on water heater market, it is to utilize evaporimeter to absorb heat energy (solar energy, air or water etc.) from surrounding environment, and by condenser heat energy is discharged into and goes in the water tank, thereby realizes the production of hot water.Advantages such as it is energy-efficient, round-the-clock and safe and reliable that Teat pump boiler has, and realized the rudimentary utilization of the energy having wide development and application prospect.Wherein, solar heat-pump water heater and air heat pump water heater have obtained different people's favor because of characteristics separately.Solar heat-pump water heater can obtain higher evaporating temperature, thereby the heating performance coefficient COP of heat pump also higher (can surpass 4 usually), but heat pump performance is subjected to the influence of meteorologic parameters such as intensity of solar radiation very big, overcast and rainy or night heat pump performance suddenly descend, even cross low quitting work because of evaporating temperature.By comparison, air heat pump water heater biggest advantage is subjected to the solar radiation condition effect very little exactly, and heat pump full-time employment performance is comparatively stable, but cold in the winter time regional evaporimeter tends to serious frosting phenomenon occur, causes heat pump performance to worsen.So people wish the advantage of these two kinds of heat pumps is put together, form and have complementary advantages, can effectively improve heat pump COP again can round-the-clock steady operation.
A kind of solar heat-pump water heater is disclosed in European patent the 0336751st, this water heater comprises that a water tank, one carry cold-producing medium and be wrapped in heat-exchange tube on the water tank, a compressor, a receiver/dryer device/filter and an evaporimeter that absorbs heat energy from surrounding environment with heat conducting type of attachment.Water tank and heat-exchange tube are enclosed in the housing that contains insulating foams, and compressor and receiver/filter/dryer are installed in the top of the refrigeration plate rail that is positioned at case shell top.Evaporimeter is the sun evaporator plate of one group of series connection, and each evaporator plate all contains the coolant channel of some sinuous settings.Chinese invention patent CN1186206A discloses a kind of improved water heater, and it is with reference to the content in No. the 0336751st, the European patent, and its water tank heat-exchange device is improved.The heat exchanger that has improved comprise an inlet header that links to each other with compressor, outlet header and between the entrance and exit collector the parallel some heat-exchange tubes that link to each other, and under the stress effect, be fixed on the water tank wall with heat conducting form.Compare with the heat exchanger of individual tubes, the parallel heat exchanger of multitube can be rapider, the water in the heating water tank effectively.But above-mentioned patent does not still solve the stability and the high efficiency problem of solar heat-pump water heater service behaviour under the more weak condition of night or solar radiation, because the common in this case sun evaporator plate only heat that absorbs from surrounding air of the heat transfer free convection of abutment surface is very limited, thereby caused evaporating temperature sharply to descend, heat pump COP also decreases, the air heat pump water heater under the identical condition of work.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of novel solar energy-air Teat pump boiler is provided, solar heat-pump water heater and air heat pump water heater advantage are separately put together, form and have complementary advantages, can effectively improve heat pump COP again can round-the-clock steady operation.
For realizing such purpose, solar energy-air Teat pump boiler of the present invention comprises a solar energy-air evaporimeter, and it can combine solar thermal collector and air heat exchanger with compact structure form very; A boiler that comprises the immersion condenser coil, small-sized heat pump compressor and relevant refrigeration accessory reservoir thereof, device for drying and filtering, heating power expansion valve, gas-liquid separator etc.The automaton of water heater comprises that then one is used to control the differential temperature controller of fan start and stop and the water tank thermostat of control compressor start and stop.
The solar energy-air evaporimeter is made up of the ventilating opening of solar heat-collection plate, air-conditioning fan, band silk screen and the housing of band installing hole.Wherein, solar heat-collection plate is full aluminium sheet formula structure, and coolant channel adopts the hot pressing blowing-up technology to form, thermal-arrest plate outer surface spraying spectral selection material.In order to strengthen the heat-transfer effect of thermal-arrest plate inner surface and air stream, between coolant channel, suppress the raised face (RF) of a series of geometries, make when air passes through these raised face (RF)s, flow direction and velocity attitude all change, air molecule collides the motion of heat-transfer area to be strengthened, and the turbulent boundary layer attenuation has not only reduced the boundary convection thermal resistance, and increased effective heat transfer area, strengthened heat-transfer effect greatly.Air-conditioning fan adopts compact dimensions, in light weight, safe and reliable axial-flow type Air conditioner air exchange overall plastic or that aluminum alloy materials is made to fan.Evaporator shell adopts frame structure of aluminum alloy, and an end face of housing is used to the fan that installs an air-conditioner, the ventilating opening of mounting strap silk screen on the other end.Coolant channel on the solar heat-collection plate utilizes copper aluminum composite pipes to pick out, and couples together by copper pipe and other system parts.The housing end face of fan of installing an air-conditioner can adopt the upwards structure of surface tilt, heat-transfer effect that not only can enhanced water evaporation device surface, and can reduce the thickness and the volume of solar energy-air evaporimeter.
According to hot water user's different demands, the present invention both can directly be used as pot-type boiler, can be used for central hot-water heating system again.For this reason, solar energy-air evaporimeter of the present invention, can be according to hot water load's the difference and the size of system scale, with a plurality of band air-conditioning fans or not with the synthetic a series of assembly unit solar energy-air evaporimeter of the solar energy-air evaporator bank of air-conditioning fan, the ventilating opening of each solar energy-air evaporimeter can be arranged in the diverse location of housing, mutually between flange by the ventilating opening place connect.
The tiltable of solar energy-air evaporimeter is installed on the roof of building or vertically is mounted on the exterior wall, in order to make the easier and architecture-integral of this evaporimeter, spectrum selective paint on the solar heat-collection plate can be selected the color coordinated with architectural appearance, is not very big to the influence of systematic function.
Studies show that, whether the area of solar thermal collector and compressor frequency mate the direct system works performance that influences, and heat collector area of determining by design conditions and compressor capacity are not equipped with often, therefore, preferably adopt double frequency or frequency-changeable compressor to solve this problem, for example, along with the enhancing of solar radiation in summer, suitably reduce compressor frequency and can effectively improve heat pump CoP.
Condenser coil is set directly at the boiler bottom, not only can obtains better heat exchange effect, and, therefore do not have the cold-producing medium spillage risk because all pads all are located at outside the water tank.
Boiler is the pressure-bearing type structure, and inner bag is made by stainless steel, and shell is made of plastics, middle fill insulant material.The top of boiler is provided with an outlet pipe, and the bottom is provided with a water inlet and a sewage draining exit.Water inlet one end adopts the transverse scattering blasthole, influences thermally stratified layer in the courage to avoid water into.
Adopt differential temperature controller to control the start and stop of air-conditioning fan, at the solar heat-collection plate lower surface temperature sensor measurement thermal-arrest plate temperature is set for this reason, another temperature sensor measurement air themperature is set in evaporator shell.When the thermal-arrest plate temperature was greater than or equal to air themperature, thermal relay was failure to actuate, and when the plate temperature is lower than temperature, the actuating of relay, thereby the startup air-conditioning fan strengthens the heat convection between thermal-arrest plate and the air, to remedy the deficiency of solar irradiation evaporimeter caloric receptivity when not enough.
According to the hot water temperature in the water tank, adopt thermostat to control the start and stop of compressor, make when the hot water temperature arrives design temperature the compressor autostop; For fear of owing to the high frequent start and stop influence its life-span, be necessary to set another lower compressor start temperature.
That the present invention has is simple in structure, easy for installation, energy-efficient, be easy to and advantages such as architecture-integral combines, and can round-the-clockly use, and is applicable to the demand of various building users to hot water.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1,1 is solar heat-collection plate, and 2 is coolant channel, 3 is air-conditioning fan, and 4 is ventilating opening, and 5 is outdoor shell, 6 is fixture, and 7 is silk screen, and 8 is transparent cover plate, 9 is the indoor set housing, and 10 is tank bracket, and 11 is water tank inlet, 12 is heating power expansion valve, and 13 is compressor, and 14 is the compressor base plate, 15 is gas-liquid separator, and 16 is Filter dryer, and 17 is reservoir, 18 is the water tank blow-off pipe, and 19 is ball valve, and 20 is the transverse scattering blasthole, 21 is condenser coil, 22 is boiler, and 23 is water outlet of water tank, and 24 is differential temperature controller, 25 is thermostat, and 26 is temperature sensor.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Overall structure of the present invention can adopt split-type structural as shown in Figure 1.Outdoor machine part is the solar energy-air evaporimeter, is made up of parts such as solar heat-collection plate 1, air-conditioning fan 3, ventilating opening 4, housing 5, fixture 6, silk screen 7 and differential temperature controllers 24.Solar heat-collection plate 1 adopts full aluminum plate hot rolling blowing-up technology to process, its upper surface spraying spectral selection material, and lower surface carries out plastic-blasting to be handled.Between the coolant channel on the solar heat-collection plate 12, suppress a series of raised faces, to strengthen the heat exchange effect of solar heat-collection plate.Air-conditioning fan 3 is installed on the inclined end face of housing 5, and 4 of ventilating openings are on the other end of housing 5; Two pairs of fixtures 6 are riveted together with housing 5 back sides, and top installing hole is used for mounting of evaporimeter; Silk screen 7 is installed on the ventilating opening 4, enters within the housing 5 to prevent various foreign material; Differential temperature controller 24 is made up of two pairs of temperature sensors and a controller, and two temperature sensors are respectively applied for the temperature of measurement solar heat-collection plate 1 and the air themperature in the housing 5, and controller is controlled the start and stop of air-conditioning fan 3 according to the difference of both temperature.When the plate temperature was lower than temperature, air-conditioning fan 3 started automatically, and when the plate temperature was equal to or higher than temperature, air-conditioning fan 3 stopped automatically.If severe cold area uses in the winter time, can also on solar heat-collection plate 1, increase one deck or two-layer transparent cover plate 8, to reduce the radiation loss at thermal-arrest plate top.
Ventilating opening 4 can be arranged in the diverse location of housing 5, and can be made up according to the needs of system scale and global design and assembly unit, and a series of assembly unit solar energy-air evaporimeter is provided.
Indoor set part mainly comprises totally-enclosed compressor 13, condenser coil 21, boiler 22, thermostat 25 and other related accessory, they all be disposed in do within the housing 9 as a whole, to reach compact, attractive in appearance effect.Wherein, boiler 22 adopts the pressure-bearing type structure, is placed on the tank bracket 10, and condenser coil 21 directly is arranged in the bottom of boiler 22, is used for the running water of heating water tank.Refrigeration accessories such as compressor 13, gas-liquid separator 15, Filter dryer 16 and reservoir 17 are fixed on the base plate 14.
The solar energy-air evaporimeter is connected with the air inlet of gas-liquid separator 15 by the outlet of refrigerating channel 2, the outlet of gas-liquid separator 15 links to each other with the air entry of compressor 13, and the exhaust outlet of compressor 13 is connected with the air inlet of condenser coil 21, the liquid outlet of condenser coil 21 links to each other with reservoir 17, then successively on drying filter 16, heating power expansion valve 12 and the solar energy-air evaporimeter inlet of refrigerating channel 2 link to each other, thereby form the closed circulation passage of cold-producing medium.
The bottom of boiler 22 is provided with the blow-off pipe 18 of a water inlet that links to each other with tap water pipe line 11 (end adopts transverse scattering blasthole 20) and a band valve 19, and the top is provided with a hot water outlet 23, utilize the pressure of running water to eject hot water, this water-out manners helps realizing the thermally stratified layer in the water tank, improves the utilization rate of hot water in the case.Thermostat 25 records the hot water temperature by the temperature sensor 26 that is inserted in the boiler 22, thus the start and stop of control compressor 13.This thermostat has dibit control function, promptly reaches compressor autostop when setting the hot water temperature when water temperature, and for fear of the frequent start-stop of compressor, compressor just starts automatically when water temperature drops to another lower design temperature.
The periodic duty process prescription of cold-producing medium is as follows: sunny daytime, liquid refrigerant after heating power expansion valve 12 throttling step-downs flows in the solar heat-collection plate 1 of solar energy-air evaporimeter, evaporated after obtaining solar energy, the refrigerant vapour that flows out is sucked by compressor 13 through gas-liquid separator 15, and be compressed into the refrigerant vapour of HTHP, flow into then in the condenser coil 21 of boiler 22 bottoms and carry out condensation, the condensation heat that discharges is used to add hot water, and condensed liquid refrigerant is through reservoir 17, device for drying and filtering 16 and heating power expansion valve 12 flow back to heat absorption again in the solar heat-collection plate 1 again, once circulation is finished in evaporation thus.Rainy weather or night, differential temperature controller 24 starts air-conditioning fans 3 in the solar energy-air evaporimeter, make that the cold-producing medium that flows through solar heat-collection plate 1 this moment can be by carrying out forced convertion with air, and the periodic duty process of whole cold-producing medium does not change.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of solar energy-air Teat pump boiler, it is characterized in that comprising the solar energy-air evaporimeter, compressor (13), condenser coil (21), boiler (22), thermostat (25) and related accessory, the upper surface of the housing of solar energy-air evaporimeter (5) is solar heat-collection plate (1), solar heat-collection plate (1) is gone up and is arranged coolant channel (2), have a series of raised faces that suppress between the coolant channel (2), air-conditioning fan (3) and differential temperature controller (24) are installed on the end face of housing (5), the ventilating opening (4) of band silk screen (7) is on the other end of housing (5), there are two pairs of fixtures (6) of band installing hole at housing (5) back side, boiler (22) is placed on the tank bracket (10), condenser coil (21) is arranged in the bottom of boiler (22), compressor (13), gas-liquid separator (15), Filter dryer (16) and reservoir (17) are fixed on the base plate (14), the solar energy-air evaporimeter links to each other with the air inlet of gas-liquid separator (15) by the outlet of refrigerating channel (2), the outlet of gas-liquid separator (15) links to each other with the air entry of compressor (13), the exhaust outlet of compressor (13) links to each other with the air inlet of condenser coil (21), the liquid outlet of condenser coil (21) links to each other with reservoir (17), drying filter (16) successively then, the inlet of refrigerating channel (2) links to each other on heating power expansion valve (12) and the solar energy-air evaporimeter, the bottom of boiler (22) is provided with the blow-off pipe (18) of a water inlet that links to each other with tap water pipe line (11) and a band valve (19), the top of boiler (22) is provided with a hot water outlet (23), and the sensor (26) with thermostat (25) of dibit control function is inserted in the boiler (22).
2, solar energy-air Teat pump boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that one deck or two-layer transparent cover plate (8) are arranged on the described solar heat-collection plate (1).
3, solar energy-air Teat pump boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that an end of described water inlet (11) adopts transverse scattering blasthole (20).
4, solar energy-air Teat pump boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described air-conditioning fan (3) and differential temperature controller (24) are installed on the inclined end face of housing (5).
5, solar energy-air Teat pump boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described solar energy-air evaporimeter is assembled by a plurality of solar energy-air evaporator combinations, each solar energy-air evaporimeter band air-conditioning fan
(3) or not be with air-conditioning fan (3), ventilating opening (4) is arranged in housing (5) diverse location, and the solar energy-air evaporimeter connects by the flange at ventilating opening place.
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| CNB031506267A CN100398936C (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2003-08-28 | Solar energy-air heat pump water heater |
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| CNB031506267A CN100398936C (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2003-08-28 | Solar energy-air heat pump water heater |
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| CN100398936C CN100398936C (en) | 2008-07-02 |
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| CN100435048C (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2008-11-19 | 西安交通大学 | Solar energy and heat pump united heat collecting computer control system |
| CN101929764A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2010-12-29 | 中原工学院 | Solar energy-air-geothermal energy three-heat-source heat pump air conditioning unit |
| CN101929734A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2010-12-29 | 中原工学院 | Solar-air dual-heat-source heat pump water heater |
| WO2011003228A1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-13 | Xu Shengheng | Heat balance type water heater |
| CN101957069A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-26 | 冼泰来 | Transcritical carbon dioxide solar water heater |
| CN102183095A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-09-14 | 沃姆制冷设备(上海)有限公司 | All-weather solar water heater |
| CN102589040A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-18 | 惠州市卓耐普智能技术有限公司 | Combined solar heat pump heating system |
| CN102679566A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏乐普四方科技有限公司 | Water boiler for heating by utilizing solar energy and heat pump and heating method of water boiler |
| CN103117321A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-22 | 唐玉敏 | Cooling system for photovoltaic power generation module |
| CN104654569A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-27 | 宁波正欣制冷设备有限公司 | Integrated polymorphic energy-saving water heater |
| CN105515527A (en) * | 2015-12-06 | 2016-04-20 | 上海博阳新能源科技有限公司 | Solar energy coupling multi-source heat pump integrated system |
| CN105650907A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-06-08 | 白果科技股份公司 | Novel space energy system |
| CN105823225A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-03 | 广西阳升新能源有限公司 | Production method for balcony wall-mounted outer space energy water heater |
| CN106288529A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 上海交通大学 | Building element collection hot vaporizer for solar heat pump |
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| CN111578390A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-25 | 河北工业大学 | Air-cooled PVT air conditioner external unit and operation method |
| EP3564595A4 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2020-10-07 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai | Air-source heat pump heater and control method and device thereof |
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| WO2011003228A1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-13 | Xu Shengheng | Heat balance type water heater |
| CN101957069A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-01-26 | 冼泰来 | Transcritical carbon dioxide solar water heater |
| CN102183095A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-09-14 | 沃姆制冷设备(上海)有限公司 | All-weather solar water heater |
| CN101929764A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2010-12-29 | 中原工学院 | Solar energy-air-geothermal energy three-heat-source heat pump air conditioning unit |
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| CN104654569A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-27 | 宁波正欣制冷设备有限公司 | Integrated polymorphic energy-saving water heater |
| CN105515527A (en) * | 2015-12-06 | 2016-04-20 | 上海博阳新能源科技有限公司 | Solar energy coupling multi-source heat pump integrated system |
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