CN1482017A - Vehicle air-condition with two-stage metal hydride - Google Patents
Vehicle air-condition with two-stage metal hydride Download PDFInfo
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- CN1482017A CN1482017A CNA031295177A CN03129517A CN1482017A CN 1482017 A CN1482017 A CN 1482017A CN A031295177 A CNA031295177 A CN A031295177A CN 03129517 A CN03129517 A CN 03129517A CN 1482017 A CN1482017 A CN 1482017A
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Abstract
The two-stage metal hydride automobile air conditioner refrigerates via the heat effect of reversible reaction between metal hydride and hydrogen. Waste heat of tail gas as high temperature heat source and peripheral atmosphere as medium temperature heat source are utilized to drive the refrigerating circulation of metal hydride, and two pairs of metal hydride reactors are adopted for alternate refrigeration to continuous regulation of temperature inside the automobile. The air conditioner system includes mainly high and low temperature metal hydride reactors, heat exchanger, solenoid valve, water pump, blower, etc. Inside both the high temperature and the low temperature reactors, are arranged fine pipes with filled metal hydride and hydrogen penetrating film in the middle section of pipes and hydrogen collecting general pipe. The air conditioner has no corrosion, no wear, less motion parts, high vibration resistance, no damage to atmosphere ozone layer and other advantages.
Description
[technical field]
What the present invention relates to is a kind of air conditioning for automobiles, particularly a kind ofly utilize used heat in the vehicle exhaust as propulsive effort, realize belonging to energy-conservation the automotive air-conditioning system that freezes and air-conditioning and refrigerating engineering technical field by the calorific effect of reversible process between metal hydride and the hydrogen.
[background technology]
Popularizing rapidly of air conditioner sharply increases energy resource consumption.It is reported that the energy consumption that the U.S. is used for air-conditioning every year accounts for 35% of the whole America energy total burn-off.In China, along with rapid economy development, the energy consumption ratio of air-conditioning is also rising year by year rapidly.Now, the air-conditioning that uses on the automobile is the compression freon refrigeration machine that utilizes automotive engine to drive mostly, worldwide environmental problems such as conventional refrigerant dichlorodifluromethane produces and damages the ozone layer, green-house effect.Therefore, in energy shock and environmental problem serious day by day today, the development of new refrigeration system is paid close attention to by countries in the world.Along with raising, passenger traffic and the Tourism development of people's living standard, air-conditioned coach more and more receives an acclaim, but the consumption of fuel of conventional air conditioner for automobile accounts for 30% of automobile cumulative fuel consumption, is the big power consumer.On the other hand, the vehicle fuel heat 1/3rd is available energy (as a power) only, and second what its excess-three was divided is by cooling water expansion tank or waste gas mode exhaust to atmosphere, how these energy is used, especially for air conditioning for automobiles, be people's questions of common concern.
Along with the raising of the mankind, need development air-conditioning refrigeration system to air conditioning for automobiles environmental protection and energy-conservation requirement.In existing technology, application number is 99116689.2, name is called that " lithium bromide absorption refrigerating equipment for car; application number is 98113317.7, name is called " being the air conditioner of the energy with the automobile exhaust heat ", all is to be refrigerant with water; cryogenic temperature can only be more than 0 ℃; lithium-bromide solution has corrosive property, and the vibration of automobile and inclination have a strong impact on the operation of resorber and producer, thereby reduces refrigeration.
[summary of the invention]
For deficiency and the defective that overcomes prior art, the present invention has designed a kind of air conditioning for automobiles of brand new environment-friendly and energy-efficient, this air-conditioning utilizes used heat in the vehicle exhaust as high temperature heat source, warm source drives the metal hydride refrigerating cycle in the conduct of ambient atmosphere environment, realize refrigeration by the calorific effect of reversible process between metal hydride and the hydrogen, adopt two pairs of metal hydride reactors alternately to freeze and realize the continuous adjusting of automobile indoor air temperature.
Reaction between some metal hydride and the hydrogen is reversible process and is attended by tangible calorific effect.The chemical equation of reaction is as follows:
In the formula: M is a hydrogen bearing alloy; MH
xBe cooresponding metal hydride; Δ H is that hydride generates enthalpy change, i.e. reaction heat; P
1, T
1The required pressure and temperature of system when putting hydrogen; P
2, T
2The required pressure and temperature of system during for suction hydrogen.S represents that material is that solid state, g represent that material is a gaseous state.
If reaction pressure is higher than the balance decomposition pressure, reaction heat is emitted in reaction to the right simultaneously, is equivalent to chemical power (hydrogen) is changed into heat energy.If instead reaction pressure is lower than the balance decomposition pressure or metal hydride is heated, reaction is carried out left, absorbs heat and discharges hydrogen, and this part institute absorbed heat is the cold of used for automobile air conditioning.
The present invention mainly comprises: two high-temperature reactors, two low-temp reaction devices, heat exchanger, electromagnetic valve, flow control valve, water pump, blower fan etc.High-temperature reactor and low-temp reaction device are the tube bank type, it is the tubule that filled gold belongs to hydride in being furnished with in the reactor, be provided with the transmission that hydrogen-permeation membrane is beneficial to hydrogen at tube hub, air and hot water feed reactor off and on and by tube wall metal hydride are carried out heating and cooling.The present invention is a two-stage system, but continuous cooling.High temperature heat source is a vehicle exhaust, and the cold that the low-temp reaction device produces is used for the refrigeration of automobile indoor environment, and cryogenic temperature can reach-5 ℃～-10 ℃.Because two pairs of reactors alternately freeze, for make system can be effectively, trouble free service, this patent has been developed a kind of specific controller specially, according to each point temperature, pressure divergence and rate of change thereof in the system, determine the open and close of each equipment in the system, according to the automobile indoor temperature, regulate the opening of related valve.
Vehicle exhaust easily makes metal hydride poison, so the two can not direct contact; And the vehicle exhaust thermal capacitance is less, is unfavorable for that heat effectively exchanges, and it is middle heating agent that native system adopts water, promptly earlier with heat transferred water, and then passes to the interior metal hydride of reactor.Consider the environment of this system applies, simple and easy and stable for making system and device, be that cold is collected and adopted air cooling type with the heat exchange of low-temperature heat source, promptly hot air directly and the heat exchange of low-temp reaction device is sent back to indoor again in the operator's compartment after the cooling.
This system does not have burn into and does not have wearing and tearing, and movable parts is few, and the vibratory impulse in the anti-driving process adopts hydrogen as energy carrier, belongs to natural medium, does not have the destructive effect to atmospheric ozone layer, is the environment-friendly type air-conditioning.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 two-stage metal hydride automotive air-conditioning system structured flowchart.
Among the figure the 1, the 2nd, high-temperature reactor, 3, the 4th, the low-temp reaction device, the 5th, air-water heat exchanger, 7, the 8th, three-way solenoid valve, the 9,10,11,12,13,14, the 15th, airline triple valve, the 16, the 17th, hydrogen flowing quantity control cock, the 18th, water pump, the 19th, outside air blower fan, the 20th, room air blower fan, the 21, the 22nd, hydrogen feeding pipe road.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention mainly comprises: two high-temperature reactors 1,2, two low-temp reaction devices 3,4, air-water heat exchanger 5, three-way solenoid valve 7,8, airline triple valve 9,10,11,12,13,14,15, hydrogen flowing quantity control cock 16,17, water pump 18, outside air blower fan 19, room air blower fan 20, hydrogen pipeline 21,22.
Outlet links to each other with vehicle exhaust in air-water heat exchanger 5 shell side imports, and the outlet of air-water heat exchanger 5 shell sides communicates with atmosphere; Link to each other by hydrogen pipeline 21 between high-temperature reactor 1 and the low-temp reaction device 3, hydrogen pipeline 21 is provided with hydrogen flowing quantity control cock 17; Link to each other by hydrogen pipeline 22 between high-temperature reactor 2 and the low-temp reaction device 4, hydrogen pipeline 22 is provided with hydrogen flowing quantity control cock 16; The outlet of air-water heat exchanger 5 tube sides links to each other with the import of water pump 18, and the outlet of water pump 18 is connected by the hot water inlet of triple valve 7 and high-temperature reactor 1,2, and the hot water outlet of high-temperature reactor 1,2 links to each other by the import of triple valve 8 and heat exchanger 5 tube sides; The air outlet of automobile chamber 6 links to each other with the import of room air blower fan 20, the outlet of room air blower fan 20 is connected with the room air import of low-temp reaction device 3,4 respectively by triple valve 9, and the room air outlet of low-temp reaction device 3,4 is connected with 6 imports of automobile chamber by triple valve 10; Outside air is divided into two-way after by outside air blower fan 19, triple valve 11, the outside-air intake of triple valve 12 and high-temperature reactor 1,2 of wherein leading up to links to each other, another road links to each other by the outside-air intake of triple valve 14 and low-temp reaction device 3,4, the outside air outlet of high-temperature reactor 1,2 is discharged outdoor by triple valve 13, the outside air outlet of low-temp reaction device 3,4 is discharged outdoor by triple valve 15.High-temperature reactor 1,2 is equipped with the temperature and pressure sensor in low-temp reaction device 3,4 and the automobile chamber 6, and its output signal advances controller, and controller is electrically connected with each triple valve, flow control valve and blower fan, water pump.High-temperature reactor 1,2 and low-temp reaction device 3,4 are the tube bank type, it is the tubule that filled gold belongs to hydride in being furnished with in the reactor, be provided with the transmission that hydrogen-permeation membrane is beneficial to hydrogen at tube hub, every reactor all has the house steward who collects hydrogen, and its outlet links to each other with hydrogen feeding pipe road 21,22.The two ends of high-temperature reactor 1,2 are provided with the hot water entrance and outside air is imported and exported, and the two ends of low-temp reaction device 3,4 are provided with the room air import and export and outside air is imported and exported.
What flow in the loop that the tube side of air-water heat exchanger 5 and water pump 18, three-way solenoid valve 7,8 are formed is water, and what flow in the shell side of air-water heat exchanger 5 is vehicle exhaust.High-temperature reactor 1,2 and triple valve 12, what flow in 13 loops is outside air, hydrogen pipeline 21 between high-temperature reactor 1 and the low-temp reaction device 3, stream all is hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline 22 between high-temperature reactor 2 and the low-temp reaction device 4, automobile chamber 6 and triple valve 9, what flow in 10 the loop is the indoor air of automobile, low-temp reaction device 3,4 and triple valve 14, what flow in 15 the loop is outside air, outside air and hot water feed high-temperature reactor 1 off and on, 2 pairs of metal hydride are carried out heating and cooling, and outside air and room air feed low-temp reaction device 3 off and on, the 4 pairs of metal hydride are cooled off and are heated.During the circulation beginning, controller controls the conducting of CA direction, the CB direction of three-way solenoid valve 7 and 8 and cuts out, water after the vehicle exhaust heating flows in the high-temperature reactor 1, hydride heat supply in high-temperature reactor 1, it is constantly decomposed under this state discharge hydrogen, under the pressure differential effect, hydrogen enters low-temp reaction device 3 via hydrogen feeding pipe road 21 and is absorbed.Meanwhile, the metal hydride in the low-temp reaction device 4 decomposites hydrogen, is imported into high-temperature reactor 2 by hydrogen pipeline 22 and under differential pressure action, thereby produces-5 ℃～-10 ℃ cold in low-temp reaction device 4; Triple valve 9 and 10 the conducting of AB direction, AC direction are closed, and hot air is with 4 heat exchange of low-temp reaction device in the automobile chamber 6, and it is indoor to send into automobile after the cooling again, finishes the purpose of air conditioning for automobiles.The reaction that metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is heat-producing, for keeping the temperature constant in the metal hydride absorption hydrogen process in high-temperature reactor 2 and the low-temp reaction device 3, takes away the heat that produces in two reactors by outside air.Be AB, the equal conducting of AC direction of triple valve 11: outside air one tunnel enters high-temperature reactor 2 through triple valve 12 (BA closes, BC conducting), and (CA closes, CB conducting) discharges outside the car after triple valve 13 with the metal hydride cooling; Another road enters low-temp reaction device 3 through triple valve 14 (BC closes, BA conducting), and (AC closes, AB conducting) discharges outside the car after triple valve 15 with the reactor cooling.
For carrying out continuous cooling, the device that still need respond of the ensuing moment produces cold, and high-temperature reactor 1 between the low-temp reaction device 3 and the course of reaction exchange between the high-temperature reactor 2, low-temp reaction device 4, produces colds by low-temp reaction device 3.The i.e. switching of passing through triple valve is with the metal hydride heating by hot water in the high-temperature reactor 2, and the metal hydride in high-temperature reactor 1 and the low-temp reaction device 4 is with the outside air heat exchange, and low-temp reaction device 3 usefulness automobile indoor exhausts cool off.High-temperature reactor 2 releasing hydrogen gas, under the pressure differential effect, hydrogen enters low-temp reaction device 4 and is absorbed.Meanwhile, the metal hydride in the low-temp reaction device 3 is decomposed and is produced-5 ℃～-10 ℃ cold, and the hydrogen of decomposition enters high-temperature reactor 1 equally and is absorbed under the pressure differential effect, and it is indoor that the cold that is produced is brought to automobile by wind circulation.
Claims (2)
1. one kind " two-stage metal hydride air conditioning for automobiles ", mainly comprise two high-temperature reactors (1), (2), two low-temp reaction devices (3), (4), air-water heat exchanger (5), three-way solenoid valve (7), (8), airline triple valve (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), hydrogen flowing quantity control cock (16), (17), water pump (18), outside air blower fan (19), room air blower fan (20), hydrogen pipeline (21), (22), it is characterized in that this air-conditioning by the calorific effect of reversible process between metal hydride and the hydrogen realize the refrigeration, utilize used heat in the vehicle exhaust as high temperature heat source, warm source drives the metal hydride refrigerating cycle in the conduct of ambient atmosphere environment, adopting water is middle heating agent, promptly earlier with heat transferred water, and then pass to metal hydride, adopt two pairs of metal hydride reactors alternately to freeze and realize the continuous adjusting of automobile indoor air temperature, outlet links to each other with vehicle exhaust in air-water heat exchanger (5) shell side import, and the outlet of air-water heat exchanger (5) shell side communicates with atmosphere; Link to each other by hydrogen pipeline (21) between high-temperature reactor (1) and the low-temp reaction device (3), hydrogen pipeline (21) is provided with hydrogen flowing quantity control cock (17); Link to each other by hydrogen pipeline (22) between high-temperature reactor (2) and the low-temp reaction device (4), hydrogen pipeline (22) is provided with hydrogen flowing quantity control cock (16); The outlet of air-water heat exchanger (5) tube side links to each other with the import of water pump (18), the outlet of water pump (18) is connected by the hot water inlet of triple valve (7) and high-temperature reactor (1), (2), and the hot water outlet of high-temperature reactor (1), (2) links to each other by the import of triple valve (8) and heat exchanger (5) tube side; The air outlet of automobile chamber (6) links to each other with the import of room air blower fan (20), the outlet of room air blower fan (20) is connected with the room air import of low-temp reaction device (3), (4) respectively by triple valve (9), and the room air outlet of low-temp reaction device (3), (4) is connected with automobile chamber (6) import by triple valve (10); Outside air is divided into two-way by outside air blower fan (19), triple valve after (11), the outside-air intake of triple valve (12) and high-temperature reactor (1), (2) of wherein leading up to links to each other, another road links to each other by the outside-air intake of triple valve (14) and low-temp reaction device (3), (4), the outside air outlet of high-temperature reactor (1), (2) is discharged outdoor by triple valve (13), the outside air outlet of low-temp reaction device (3), (4) is discharged outdoor by triple valve (15).High-temperature reactor (1), (2) are equipped with the temperature and pressure sensor in low-temp reaction device (3), (4) and automobile chamber (6), and its output signal advances controller, and controller is electrically connected with each triple valve, flow control valve and blower fan, water pump.
2. " two-stage metal hydride air conditioning for automobiles " according to claim 1, its feature also is high-temperature reactor (1), (2) and low-temp reaction device (3), (4) be the tube bank type, it is the tubule that filled gold belongs to hydride in being furnished with in the reactor, be provided with the transmission that hydrogen-permeation membrane is beneficial to hydrogen at tube hub, every reactor all has the house steward who collects hydrogen, its outlet and hydrogen feeding pipe road 21,22 link to each other, high-temperature reactor (1), (2) two ends are provided with the hot water entrance and outside air is imported and exported, low-temp reaction device (3), (4) two ends are provided with the room air import and export and outside air is imported and exported.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031295177A CN1482017A (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Vehicle air-condition with two-stage metal hydride |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031295177A CN1482017A (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Vehicle air-condition with two-stage metal hydride |
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| CN1482017A true CN1482017A (en) | 2004-03-17 |
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| CNA031295177A Pending CN1482017A (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2003-06-26 | Vehicle air-condition with two-stage metal hydride |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100404976C (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Single alloy compressing-diffusing metal hydride heat pump/refrigerating method and system |
| CN1955616B (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2010-05-26 | C.R.F.索奇埃塔·孔索尔蒂莱·佩尔·阿齐奥尼 | A system for compartment of a motor vehicle and the vehicle |
| CN101363683B (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-06-09 | 西安交通大学 | Solar heat pump drying system |
| CN101261059B (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2010-06-16 | 浪达科技（深圳）有限公司 | Control system using high-temperature tail gas for refrigeration and its control method |
| CN102997484A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Metal hydride refrigerating device |
| CN104110913A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-22 | 上海交通大学 | Low-grade waste heat driven efficient moisture absorption and thermochemical reaction two-stage temperature changer |
| CN105822514A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-08-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Thermo-acoustic engine taking hydrogen as working medium and control method of thermo-acoustic engine |
| CN106225543A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Metal hydride finned heat exchanger and preparation method thereof |
| CN107471965A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-15 | 上海交通大学 | Adsorption energy-storing formula air-conditioning system and its control method again |
| CN107782011A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-09 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107796089A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | The metal hydride heat exchanger reverse control method of Electrochemical Refrigeration system |
| CN107975969A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107975968A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107975965A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107975970A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
-
2003
- 2003-06-26 CN CNA031295177A patent/CN1482017A/en active Pending
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1955616B (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2010-05-26 | C.R.F.索奇埃塔·孔索尔蒂莱·佩尔·阿齐奥尼 | A system for compartment of a motor vehicle and the vehicle |
| CN100404976C (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Single alloy compressing-diffusing metal hydride heat pump/refrigerating method and system |
| CN101261059B (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2010-06-16 | 浪达科技（深圳）有限公司 | Control system using high-temperature tail gas for refrigeration and its control method |
| CN101363683B (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-06-09 | 西安交通大学 | Solar heat pump drying system |
| CN102997484B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Metal hydride refrigerating device |
| CN102997484A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Metal hydride refrigerating device |
| CN104110913A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-22 | 上海交通大学 | Low-grade waste heat driven efficient moisture absorption and thermochemical reaction two-stage temperature changer |
| CN104110913B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-04-13 | 上海交通大学 | Low-grade exhaust heat drives efficient absorbent-thermal chemical reaction twin-stage thermode |
| CN105822514A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-08-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Thermo-acoustic engine taking hydrogen as working medium and control method of thermo-acoustic engine |
| CN106225543A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Metal hydride finned heat exchanger and preparation method thereof |
| CN106225543B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-02-05 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Metal hydride finned heat exchanger and preparation method thereof |
| CN107782011A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-09 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107796089B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-12-31 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Reversing control method for metal hydride heat exchanger of electrochemical refrigeration system |
| CN107796089A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | The metal hydride heat exchanger reverse control method of Electrochemical Refrigeration system |
| CN107975965A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107975968A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107975970A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107975969A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method |
| CN107471965A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-15 | 上海交通大学 | Adsorption energy-storing formula air-conditioning system and its control method again |
| CN107471965B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-08-18 | 上海交通大学 | Re-adsorption energy storage type air conditioning system and control method thereof |
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