CN107975968A - Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method - Google Patents
Metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107975968A CN107975968A CN201610921736.1A CN201610921736A CN107975968A CN 107975968 A CN107975968 A CN 107975968A CN 201610921736 A CN201610921736 A CN 201610921736A CN 107975968 A CN107975968 A CN 107975968A
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- reactor
- heat exchanger
- refrigerating medium
- heat
- metal hydride
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/09—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being hydrogen desorbed from a hydride
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/043—Operating continuously
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method.The control method of wherein metal hydride refrigeration system includes：Detect the operating status of first reactor and/or second reactor；Electrochemical compression device is driven according to operating status, adjusts hydrogen flow direction and pressure in first reactor and second reactor, so that first reactor and second reactor alternately heat release and heat absorption respectively；And drive four threeway Vavle switching refrigerating medium pipeline connection first reactors, second reactor and First Heat Exchanger, the state of the second heat exchanger, so that First Heat Exchanger keeps connecting with carrying out exothermic first reactor or second reactor, and the second heat exchanger is set to keep connecting with the first reactor or second reactor absorbed heat.The solution of the present invention, using the connection relation of four threeway Vavle switching First Heat Exchangers, the second heat exchanger and first reactor or second reactor, makes full use of the work efficiency of reactor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration plant, more particularly to a kind of metal hydride refrigeration system and its control method.
Background technology
At present, people are in the needs for solving energy crisis and environmental protection, increasingly pay attention to the research to Hydrogen Energy and answer
With hydrogen has the advantages that unit mass calorific capacity is high, derives from a wealth of sources, clean and effective.Under certain temperature and pressure, metallic hydrogen
Compound (also referred to as hydrogen-storage alloy) under certain temperature and pressure, being capable of reversible absorption, storage, release hydrogen.Metal hydride
Heat release when reaction characteristics between hydrogen is inhale hydrogen, heat absorption are to release hydrogen, no matter hydrogen abstraction reaction or hydrogen discharge reaction, with
Temperature, pressure and the alloying component of system are related.The fuel factor reacted between metal hydride and hydrogen can pass through tune
The flow direction of section hydrogen reacts the direction of progress to control, and realizes the conversion of thermal energy.
Above-mentioned response characteristic causes metal hydride to be widely used in energy Conversion and Utilization field, the prior art
In there are some metal hydride refrigeration systems, these systems have environmental protection peace as a kind of novel heat converting system
The advantages of complete mute, but there is also some problems, promoting the use of for this kind of refrigeration system is have impact on, metal hydride needs
Alternately inhale hydrogen and put hydrogen, cause to be only capable of intermittent refrigeration, heating efficiency is relatively low.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of to realize the metal hydride refrigeration system persistently freezed.
The present invention one is further objective is that the thermal efficiency of metal hydride refrigeration system will be improved.
The present invention another further objective is that to simplify the control process of metal hydride refrigeration system.
Especially, the present invention provides a kind of metal hydride refrigeration system, it includes：First reactor and the second reaction
Device, is filled with metal hydride inside it, to utilize the suction hydrogen and dehydrogenation reaction of metal hydride to carry out heat release or heat absorption；Electricity
Chemical compression set, is arranged between first reactor and second reactor, is configured to anti-according to first reactor and/or second
The hydrogen that the operating status of device is adjusted in first reactor and second reactor is answered to flow to, so that first reactor and the second reaction
Device alternately heat release and heat absorption respectively；And refrigerating medium circulator, it is with First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, refrigerating
Agent pipeline and four triple valves, wherein refrigerating medium pipeline are respectively communicated with first reactor, second reactor and the first heat exchange
Device, the second heat exchanger, four triple valves are connected with refrigerating medium pipeline, and are configured to make First Heat Exchanger keep exothermic with progress
First reactor or second reactor connection, and the second heat exchanger is kept and the first reactor absorbed heat or the second reaction
Device connects.
Alternatively, which further includes：Regulated power supply, is configured to controllably fill to electrochemical compression
Offer direct current is put, when the polarity of direct current is according to the reaction of the metal hydride in first reactor and/or second reactor
Between determine.
Alternatively, four triple valves include：First triple valve, the refrigerating medium that its liquid inlet is connected to first reactor go out
Mouthful, two outlet end is respectively connected to the refrigerating medium entrance of First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and the second triple valve, it enters liquid
End is connected to the refrigerating medium outlet of second reactor, two outlet end is respectively connected to First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger
Refrigerating medium entrance, so that the first triple valve and the refrigerating medium inflow side of the second threeway Vavle switching First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger
To；And the 3rd triple valve, its liquid inlet are connected to the refrigerating medium outlet of First Heat Exchanger, two outlet end is respectively connected to
The refrigerating medium entrance of first reactor and second reactor, the 4th triple valve, its liquid inlet are connected to the refrigerating of the second heat exchanger
Agent exports, its outlet end is respectively connected to the refrigerating medium entrance of first reactor and second reactor so that the 3rd triple valve and
The refrigerating medium of 4th threeway Vavle switching First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger flows out direction.
Alternatively, which further includes：First pump, is arranged at the refrigerating medium outlet of first reactor
On refrigerating medium pipeline between the first triple valve, the refrigerating medium for being configured as outflow first reactor provides power；And the
Two pumps, are arranged on the refrigerating medium pipeline between the refrigerating medium outlet of second reactor and the second triple valve, are configured as flowing out
The refrigerating medium of second reactor provides power.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of control method of metal hydride refrigeration system is additionally provided.Wherein
Metal hydride refrigeration system includes：Utilize the first reaction for inhaling hydrogen and dehydrogenation reaction progress heat release or heat absorption of metal hydride
Device and second reactor, the electrochemical compression device being arranged between first reactor and second reactor, have first to change
Hot device, the second heat exchanger, the refrigerating medium circulator of refrigerating medium pipeline and four triple valves, and the metal hydride freezes
The control method of system includes：Detect the operating status of first reactor and/or second reactor；Electricity is driven according to operating status
Chemical compression set, adjusts hydrogen flow direction and pressure in first reactor and second reactor so that first reactor and
Second reactor alternately heat release and heat absorption respectively；And four threeway Vavle switching refrigerating medium pipeline connections first are driven to react
The state of device, second reactor and First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, so that First Heat Exchanger is kept with carrying out exothermic the
One reactor or second reactor connection, and the second heat exchanger is kept first reactor or second reactor with absorbing heat
Connection.
Alternatively, metal hydride refrigeration system further includes the refrigerating medium outlet and the first threeway for being arranged at first reactor
The first pump on refrigerating medium pipeline between valve, the refrigerating medium for being configured as outflow first reactor provide power；And set
The second pump on refrigerating medium pipeline between the refrigerating medium outlet of second reactor and the second triple valve, is configured as outflow the
The refrigerating medium of two reactors provides power, and method further includes：The flow velocity of the first pump and the second pump is adjusted according to operating status.
Alternatively, the step of operating status of detection first reactor and/or second reactor includes：The reaction of detection first
The internal-response pressure of one of hydrogen abstraction reaction is carried out in device and second reactor, and by internal-response pressure and default first
Reaction pressure threshold value and the second reaction pressure threshold value are respectively compared, wherein the first reaction pressure threshold value is more than the second reaction pressure threshold
Value.
Alternatively, the polarity and voltage of direct current are determined according to the operating status of first reactor and/or second reactor
The step of include：In the case where internal reaction pressure is more than or equal to the first reaction pressure threshold value, if the voltage of direct current
More than or equal to default voltage minimum threshold, then the voltage of direct current is turned down, if the voltage of direct current is less than voltage Minimum Threshold
Value, then maintain current voltage value, in the case where internal reaction pressure is less than the second reaction pressure threshold value, if the voltage of direct current
Less than default voltage max-thresholds, then current voltage value is heightened；If the voltage of direct current is greater than or equal to voltage max-thresholds
And internal-response pressure exceedes preset time less than the time of the second reaction pressure threshold value, then switch the polarity of voltage side of direct current
To.
Alternatively, four threeway Vavle switching refrigerating medium pipeline connection first reactors, second reactors and first are driven
Heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger state the step of include：Behind the polarity of voltage direction of switching direct current, switch First Heat Exchanger
Flowed to the refrigerating medium of the second heat exchanger.
Alternatively, the step of adjusting the flow velocity of the first pump and the second pump according to operating status includes：In internal reaction pressure
More than or equal to the second reaction pressure threshold value and less than pumping in the case of the first reaction pressure threshold value, the first pump and second
Flow velocity changes and respective change with the size of internal-response pressure.
The metal hydride refrigeration system of the present invention, sets two reactors and electrochemical compression device, utilizes the electrification
Compression set is learned, the hydrogen flow direction and pressure of two reactors can be adjusted, makes two reactors, one progress hydrogen abstraction reaction, separately
One progress dehydrogenation reaction, alternately heat release and heat absorption, and exchanged heat by refrigerating medium circulator with reactor, it is real
Show lasting refrigeration, make full use of the thermal energy transfer capability of reactor.In addition, First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger are also set up, profit
With four threeway Vavle switching First Heat Exchangers, the second heat exchanger and first reactor or the connection relation of second reactor so that
First Heat Exchanger discharges heat all the time, the second heat exchanger freezes all the time, so as to make full use of the work efficiency of reactor.
Further, metal hydride refrigeration system of the invention, can make electrochemical compression device by regulated power supply
Controllably reactor is adjusted, is adjusted in real time according to the operating status of reactor, control is flexible.
In addition, present invention also offers the control method for above-mentioned metal hydride refrigeration system, reacted by detecting
The operating condition of device, is controlled metal hydride refrigeration system automatically, ensures its reliability of operation.
The metal hydride refrigeration system of the present invention can be applied to a variety of occasions, such as building or the vehicles
The refrigerating such as air conditioner, refrigerator equipment, heating equipment etc..
According to the accompanying drawings will be brighter to the detailed description of the specific embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art
Above-mentioned and other purposes, the advantages and features of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Some specific embodiments of detailed description of the present invention by way of example, and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical reference numeral denotes same or similar component or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.In attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of metal hydride refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of metal hydride refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows another working status of the metal hydride refrigeration system shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the control method of metal hydride refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the invention；And
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the control method of metal hydride refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of metal hydride refrigeration system 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.The metal
Hydride refrigeration system 10 is general to be included：First reactor 210, second reactor 220, electrochemical compression device
230th, refrigerating medium circulator 100.
The inside of first reactor 210 and second reactor 220 is separately filled with metal hydride, to utilize metal hydride
The suction hydrogen and dehydrogenation reaction of thing carry out heat release or heat absorption.In the present embodiment, first reactor 210 and second reactor 220 can
To use identical reactor, metal hydride of filling can select to require to select according to the refrigeration of use occasion in it, example
Such as lanthanon hydrogen storage alloy, titanium base hydrogen storage alloy, magnesium microalloying, the reaction of metal hydride is may be referred in selection
Heat content, hydrogen-sucking amount, anti-poisoning performance, working life etc..The operation principle of first reactor 210 and second reactor 220 is：By
Strainer is separated out hydrogen runner, and by strainer and metal hydride Mass and heat transfer occurs for hydrogen, and the heat of generation is by exterior load
Cryogen is taken away.First reactor 210 and second reactor 220 can use but be not limited to following reactor：Drum type brake reactor,
Fin pipe reactor, shell and tube thermal reactor, capillary type reactor.
Electrochemical compression device (or being electrochemistry hydrogen pump) 230, is arranged at first reactor 210 and second reactor
Between 220, the operating status according to first reactor 210 and/or second reactor 220 is configured to, adjusts first reactor 210
With the hydrogen flow direction and pressure in second reactor 220.Electrochemical compression device 230 realizes that hydrogen orientation passes by internal electric field
It is defeated, that is, hydrogen is fed to the reactor for carrying out hydrogen abstraction reaction from the reactor for carrying out dehydrogenation reaction, reach and adjust both sides hydrogen
The purpose of atmospheric pressure and concentration.
The operation principle of electrochemical compression device (or being electrochemistry hydrogen pump) 230 is：When the air-flow containing hydrogen enters
Behind the anode chamber of electrochemical compression device, hydrogen molecule can pass through gas diffusion layers and reach Catalytic Layer, in reacting gas, catalyst
Oxidation reaction occurs with the three phase boundary of dielectric film, hydrogen analysis is oxidized to proton and electronics, subsequent proton is additional
Catalytic Layer and porous diffusion layer and the bipolar plates of conduction are passed through toward cathode transmission, electronics by dielectric film under the action of voltage
It is transmitted to external circuit.The anode and cathode reaction effect of electrochemical compression device 230 is：Hydrogen molecule is from the relatively low anode gas of hydrogen content
Body is pumped to cathode, becomes the higher cathode gas of hydrogen content.The hydrogen purity of 230 cathode of electrochemical compression device output is high,
And High voltage output can be achieved in the case of without mechanical compressor.So as to which electrochemical compression device 230 connects cathode electricity
The reactor of side (i.e. anode) connection of pressure carries out dehydrogenation reaction, and electrochemical compression device 230 connects the one of cathode voltage
The reactor of side (i.e. cathode) connection carries out hydrogen abstraction reaction.Therefore, can by adjusting the power supply polarity of electrochemical compression device 230
To change the outbound course of hydrogen, pressure at both sides can be adjusted by the DC voltage value for adjusting electrochemical compression device 230
Difference, and DC current flow value can also influence defeated hydrogen speed.
Refrigerating medium circulator 100 has First Heat Exchanger 111, the second heat exchanger 112, refrigerating medium pipeline 120 and four
A triple valve, wherein refrigerating medium pipeline 120 are respectively communicated with first reactor 210, second reactor 220 and First Heat Exchanger
111st, the second heat exchanger 112, four triple valves are connected with refrigerating medium pipeline 120, and be configured to make First Heat Exchanger 111 keep with
Carry out exothermic first reactor 210 or second reactor 220 connecting, and the second heat exchanger 112 is kept and is absorbed heat
First reactor 210 or second reactor 220 connect.So as to which refrigerating medium circulator 100 can make refrigerating medium produce reactor
Raw heat is carried to First Heat Exchanger 111, the second heat exchanger 112, the week with First Heat Exchanger 111, the second heat exchanger 112
Collarette border carries out heat exchange, realizes refrigeration or the purpose of heating.
The metal hydride refrigeration system 10 of the present embodiment is also provided with regulated power supply 240, for electrochemistry pressure
Compression apparatus 230 is powered, which is configured to controllably provide direct current to electrochemical compression device 230, direct current
Polarity and voltage are determined all in accordance with the operating status of first reactor 210 and/or second reactor 220.With regulated power supply 240
Voltage increase, electrochemical compression device 230 provide hydrogen pressure accordingly increase, regulated power supply 240 polarity of voltage turn
After changing, electrochemical compression device 230 transmits the direction respective change of hydrogen, such as is supplied in the hydrogen of 210 dehydrogenation of first reactor
During hydrogen abstraction reaction being carried out to second reactor 220, if the input voltage dipole inversion of electrochemical compression device 230,
Hydrogen flow direction is changed to feed to first reactor 210 from second reactor 220, so that second reactor 220 carries out dehydrogenation
Reaction, and first reactor 210 carries out hydrogen abstraction reaction.By working alternatively first reactor 210 and second reactor 220,
It can ensure the continuous firing of metal hydride refrigeration system 10.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of metal hydride refrigeration system 10 according to another embodiment of the present invention.In the reality
Apply in example, metal hydride refrigeration system 10 is provided with four triple valves：First triple valve 131, the second triple valve the 132, the 3rd
133 and the 4th triple valve 134 of triple valve, each triple valve have a liquid inlet and two outlet ends.
Wherein, the first triple valve 131, its liquid inlet are connected to the refrigerating medium outlet of first reactor, two outlet end
The refrigerating medium entrance of First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, the second triple valve 132 are respectively connected to, its liquid inlet is connected to second
The refrigerating medium outlet of reactor, two outlet end are respectively connected to the refrigerating medium entrance of First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger,
So that the first triple valve 131 and the refrigerating medium inflow direction of the second triple valve 132 switching First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
3rd triple valve 133, its liquid inlet are connected to the refrigerating medium outlet of First Heat Exchanger, two outlet end connects respectively
The refrigerating medium entrance of first reactor and second reactor, the 4th triple valve 134 are connected to, its liquid inlet is connected to the second heat exchanger
Refrigerating medium outlet, its outlet end is respectively connected to the refrigerating medium entrance of first reactor and second reactor, so that the three or three
133 and the 4th triple valve 134 of port valve switches the refrigerating medium outflow direction of First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger.Four used above
Triple valve is only a kind of optional implementation for the refrigerating medium flow direction for switching 111 and second heat exchanger 112 of First Heat Exchanger, one
In a little other embodiments, the switching in refrigerating medium direction can be realized by the structure of other pipelines and valve.
The metal hydride refrigeration system 10 of the present embodiment is also provided with the first pump 141 and the second pump 142, wherein the
One pump 141 can be arranged on the refrigerating medium pipeline between the refrigerating medium outlet of first reactor 210 and the first triple valve 131,
The refrigerating medium for being configured as outflow first reactor 210 provides power.Second pump 142 can be arranged at second reactor 220
Refrigerating medium is exported on the refrigerating medium pipeline between the second triple valve 132, is configured as the refrigerating medium of outflow second reactor 220
Power is provided.The pumping flow velocity of wherein first pump 141 and the second pump 142 controlled can be adjusted.First pump 141 is arranged at the
On refrigerating medium pipeline between the refrigerating medium outlet of one reactor 210 and the first triple valve 131, the second pump 142 is arranged at second
On refrigerating medium pipeline between the refrigerating medium outlet of reactor 220 and the second triple valve 132, not only have and utilize whole metal hydride
The integral layout of thing refrigeration system 10, and easy to two pump installations, be installed on before two valves, be more conducive to refrigerating medium with
Appropriate flow velocity flows into the refrigerating medium pipeline of connection heat exchanger.
Fig. 2 also shows the flow direction of refrigerating medium in refrigerating medium circulator 100, wherein solid arrow and dotted arrow difference
For flow through the direction of the refrigerating medium of First Heat Exchanger 111 and flow through the second heat exchanger 112 refrigerating medium direction.Shown in Fig. 2
Metal hydride refrigeration system 10 working status under, the 3rd triple valve 133 leads the refrigerating medium that First Heat Exchanger 111 flows out
First reactor 210 is passed to, into after crossing heat exchange, refrigerating medium is led back to First Heat Exchanger 111 by the first triple valve 131, realizes one
Group refrigerating medium circulation.The refrigerating medium that second heat exchanger 112 flows out is conducted to second reactor 220 by the 4th triple valve 134, into mistake
After heat exchange, refrigerating medium is led back to the second heat exchanger 112 by the second triple valve 132, realizes another group of refrigerating medium circulation.
In this process, first reactor 210 can carry out hydrogen abstraction reaction, and to discharge heat release, second reactor 220 can be with
Dehydrogenation reaction is carried out, to absorb heat.First Heat Exchanger 111 is by the heat transfer of first reactor 210 to its surrounding environment, and
The cold of second reactor 220 is transferred to its surrounding environment by two heat exchangers 112.
Fig. 3 shows another working status of the metal hydride refrigeration system 10 shown in Fig. 2, in the figure, solid arrow
The direction for flowing through the refrigerating medium of First Heat Exchanger 111 and the load for flowing through the second heat exchanger 112 are still represented respectively with dotted arrow
The direction of cryogen.Under the working status of the metal hydride refrigeration system 10 shown in Fig. 3, the 3rd triple valve 133 is changed first
The refrigerating medium that hot device 111 flows out is conducted to second reactor 220, and into after crossing and exchange heat, refrigerating medium is led back to the by the second triple valve 132
One heat exchanger 111, realizes one group of refrigerating medium circulation.The refrigerating medium that 4th triple valve 134 flows out the second heat exchanger 112 turns on
To first reactor 210, into after crossing heat exchange, refrigerating medium is led back to the second heat exchanger 112 by the first triple valve 131, is realized another
Group refrigerating medium circulation.
In this process, first reactor 210 can carry out dehydrogenation reaction, and to absorb heat, second reactor 220 can be with
Hydrogen abstraction reaction is carried out, to discharge heat release.First Heat Exchanger 111 is by the heat transfer of second reactor 220 to its surrounding environment, and
The cold of first reactor 210 is transferred to its surrounding environment by two heat exchangers 112.
By above structure, First Heat Exchanger 111 can be made to keep connecting with the exothermic reactor of progress, carry out all the time to
Outer release heat, and make the second heat exchanger 112 keep connecting with the reactor to absorb heat, carry out all the time to environment drop where it
Temperature.
The metal hydride refrigeration system 10 of the present embodiment, can flexibly apply to air-conditioning system, refrigerating equipment, adopt
In heating equipment, realize and persistently supply heat and cold.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of control method of metal hydride refrigeration system 10.The control method can be to upper
The metal hydride refrigeration system 10 for stating any embodiment is controlled, to ensure that the stabilization of metal hydride refrigeration system 10 can
By operation.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the control method of metal hydride refrigeration system 10 according to an embodiment of the invention, the gold
Belonging to the control method of hydride refrigeration system 10 can include in general manner：
Step S402, detects the operating status of first reactor 210 and/or second reactor 220；
Step S404, drives electrochemical compression device 230, adjustment first reactor 210 and second is anti-according to operating status
Hydrogen flow direction and the pressure in device 220 are answered, so that first reactor 210 and the alternately heat release respectively of second reactor 220
And heat absorption；
Step S406, drives four threeway Vavle switching refrigerating medium pipeline connection first reactors 210, second reactors 220
And First Heat Exchanger 111, the state of the second heat exchanger 112, so that First Heat Exchanger 111 keeps anti-with progress exothermic first
Answer device 210 or second reactor 220 to connect, and the second heat exchanger 112 is kept the first reactor 210 or the with absorbing heat
Two reactors 220 connect.
Above-mentioned operating status can include the internal pressure, temperature, hydrogen of first reactor 210 and second reactor 220
The parameters such as flow direction.Step S404 can be by could be adjusted to realize to regulated power supply 240, and specifically, step S404 can be wrapped
Include：The polarity and voltage of direct current are determined according to the operating status of first reactor 210 and/or second reactor 220, with adjustment
Electrochemical compression device 230 transmits direction and the pressure of hydrogen.
The refrigerating medium for changing 111 and second heat exchanger 112 of First Heat Exchanger in step S406 by four triple valves flows to,
So that First Heat Exchanger 111 keeps connecting with carrying out exothermic reactor (first reactor 210 or second reactor 220), and
The second heat exchanger 112 is set to keep connecting with the reactor (first reactor 210 or second reactor 220) to absorb heat.
In addition, the control method of the metal hydride refrigeration system 10 of the present embodiment can also be according to the operation shape of reactor
State adjusts the flow velocity of the first pump 142 and the second pump 142.
The execution flow of the control method of the metal hydride refrigeration system 10 of the present embodiment is：
The internal-response pressure of one that hydrogen abstraction reaction is carried out in first reactor 210 and second reactor 220 is detected, and
Internal-response pressure and default first reaction pressure threshold value and the second reaction pressure threshold value are respectively compared, wherein the first reaction
Pressure threshold is more than the second reaction pressure threshold value；
In the case where internal reaction pressure is more than or equal to the first reaction pressure threshold value, if the voltage of direct current is more than
Or equal to default voltage minimum threshold, then the voltage of direct current is turned down, if the voltage of direct current is less than voltage minimum threshold,
Current voltage value is maintained, in the case where internal reaction pressure is less than the second reaction pressure threshold value, if the voltage of direct current is less than
Default voltage max-thresholds, then heighten current voltage value；If the voltage of direct current is greater than or equal to voltage max-thresholds and interior
The time that portion's reaction pressure is less than the second reaction pressure threshold value exceedes preset time, then switches the polarity of voltage direction of direct current；
Behind the polarity of voltage direction of switching direct current, switch the refrigerating medium of 111 and second heat exchanger 112 of First Heat Exchanger
Flow direction；
It is greater than or equal to the second reaction pressure threshold value and less than the feelings of the first reaction pressure threshold value in internal reaction pressure
Under condition, the flow velocity of the first pump 141 and the second pump 142 is set to change and respective change with the size of internal-response pressure.
Above-mentioned control method can by detecting the operating condition of reactor, to metal hydride refrigeration system 10 automatically into
Row control, ensures its reliability of operation.In the above-mentioned methods, various threshold values according to workplace and reactor and can change
The characteristic of hot device 110 is configured, for example, the first reaction pressure threshold value and two reaction pressure threshold values can be respectively reactor into
Maximum reaction pressure and the minimal reaction pressure of row hydrogen abstraction reaction；Voltage minimum threshold and voltage max-thresholds can be respectively can
Adjust the maximum supply voltage of power supply 240 and minimum supply voltage.Technical teaching of the those of ordinary skill in the art in the present embodiment
Under, have the ability to configure above-mentioned threshold value.
Fig. 5 is the flow signal of the control method of metal hydride refrigeration system 10 according to an embodiment of the invention
Figure, the flow can be used for being controlled the metal hydride refrigeration system 10 shown in Fig. 2.In figure, it is anti-that P expressions carry out suction hydrogen
The internal-response pressure for the reactor answered, P is bigger, and hydrogen abstraction reaction is more active, and Pmin represents the second reaction pressure threshold value, Pmax tables
Show the first reaction pressure threshold value, t is timing time, its value represents the duration that P is less than Pmin, and V represents electrochemical compression dress
Put 230 supply voltage；Vmin represents voltage minimum threshold；Vmax represents voltage max-thresholds；T is preset time.The metal
The flow of the control method of hydride refrigeration system 10 can include：
Step S502, detection carry out the internal-response pressure P of the reactor of hydrogen abstraction reaction；
Step S504, P and Pmin and Pmax respectively compared with, in the case of P >=Pmax, perform step S510 and
Its subsequent step；In Pmax>In the case of P >=Pmin, step S520 and its subsequent step are performed；In the case of P≤Pmin,
Perform step S530 and its subsequent step；
Step S510, is zeroed out t；
Step S512, judges whether to meet V >=Vmin, and execution step is returned if so, performing after step S514 turns down V
S502, directly returns perform step S502 if not, so that by turning down V reduction P and avoiding V too low；
Step S520, is zeroed out t, then performs the rotating speed that step S522 adjusts the first pump 141 and the second pump 142,
The flow velocity of the first pump 141 and the second pump 142 is changed and respective change with the size of P, i.e., reduce refrigerating medium with the reduction of P
Flow velocity.
Step S530, judges whether to meet V<Vmax, if after performing step S532 raisings V, returns and performs step S502,
So as to improve V raising P and avoid V excessive；
Step S534, is being unsatisfactory for V<During Vmax, namely when V has reached the upper limit, judge whether to meet t >=T, if it is not,
Return and perform step S502；
Step S536, when meeting t >=T, changes the direction of V, changes the operational mode of reactor；
Step S538, the refrigerating medium flow direction of switching 111 and second heat exchanger 112 of First Heat Exchanger, then performs step
S540 is returned after being zeroed out to t and is performed step S502.
Pass through four threeway Vavle switching refrigerating medium pipeline connection first reactors 210, second reactors 220 in step S538
And First Heat Exchanger 111, the state of the second heat exchanger 112, to switch the load of 111 and second heat exchanger 112 of First Heat Exchanger
Cryogen flows to, and makes First Heat Exchanger 111 keep connecting with carrying out the reactor of hydrogen abstraction reaction, and keep the second heat exchanger 112
Connected with the reactor for carrying out dehydrogenation reaction.
It can ensure that metal hydride refrigeration system 10 is reliablely and stablely run using the above method, and lasting progress
Heat exchange.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple showing for the present invention
Example property embodiment, still, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can according to the present invention disclosure it is direct
Determine or derive many other variations or modifications for meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers other all these variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metal hydride refrigeration system, including：
First reactor and second reactor, are filled with metal hydride inside it, to utilize the suction of the metal hydride
Hydrogen and dehydrogenation reaction carry out heat release or heat absorption；
Electrochemical compression device, is arranged between the first reactor and the second reactor, is configured to according to described
The operating status of one reactor and/or the second reactor adjusts the hydrogen in the first reactor and the second reactor
Air-flow is to so that the first reactor and the second reactor alternately heat release and heat absorption respectively；And
Refrigerating medium circulator, its with First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, refrigerating medium pipeline and four triple valves, wherein
The refrigerating medium pipeline is respectively communicated with the first reactor, the second reactor and the First Heat Exchanger, described
Two heat exchangers, four triple valves are connected with the refrigerating medium pipeline, and be configured to make the First Heat Exchanger keep with into
The exothermic first reactor of row or second reactor connection, and second heat exchanger is kept and is absorbed heat
The first reactor or second reactor connection.
2. metal hydride refrigeration system according to claim 1, further includes：
Regulated power supply, is configured to controllably provide direct current to the electrochemical compression device, the polarity of the direct current according to
The reaction time of the first reactor and/or the metal hydride in the second reactor determines.
3. metal hydride refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein four triple valves include：
First triple valve, its liquid inlet are connected to the refrigerating medium outlet of the first reactor, two outlet end connects respectively
To the refrigerating medium entrance of the First Heat Exchanger and second heat exchanger, the second triple valve, its liquid inlet is connected to described the
The refrigerating medium outlet of two reactors, two outlet end are respectively connected to the load of the First Heat Exchanger and second heat exchanger
Cryogen entrance, so that First Heat Exchanger and second heat exchanger described in first triple valve and the second threeway Vavle switching
Refrigerating medium inflow direction；And
3rd triple valve, its liquid inlet are connected to the refrigerating medium outlet of the First Heat Exchanger, two outlet end connects respectively
To the refrigerating medium entrance of the first reactor and the second reactor, the 4th triple valve, its liquid inlet is connected to described the
The refrigerating medium outlet of two heat exchangers, its outlet end are respectively connected to the refrigerating medium of the first reactor and the second reactor
Entrance, so that the load of First Heat Exchanger and second heat exchanger described in the 3rd triple valve and the 4th threeway Vavle switching
Cryogen flows out direction.
4. metal hydride refrigeration system according to claim 3, further includes：
First pump, the refrigerating medium pipeline being arranged between the refrigerating medium outlet of the first reactor and first triple valve
On, the refrigerating medium for being configured as flowing out the first reactor provides power；And
Second pump, the refrigerating medium pipeline being arranged between the refrigerating medium outlet of the second reactor and second triple valve
On, the refrigerating medium for being configured as flowing out the second reactor provides power.
A kind of 5. control method of metal hydride refrigeration system, wherein the metal hydride refrigeration system includes：Utilize gold
Belong to the suction hydrogen of hydride and dehydrogenation reaction carries out the first reactor and second reactor of heat release or heat absorption, is arranged at described first
Electrochemical compression device between reactor and the second reactor, have First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, refrigerating medium
The refrigerating medium circulator of pipeline and four triple valves, and the control method includes：
Detect the operating status of the first reactor and/or the second reactor；
The electrochemical compression device is driven according to the operating status, adjusts the first reactor and the second reactor
Interior hydrogen flow direction and pressure, so that the first reactor and the second reactor alternately heat release and suction respectively
Heat；And
Drive described in four threeway Vavle switchings first reactor described in refrigerating medium pipeline connection, the second reactor and
The state of the First Heat Exchanger, second heat exchanger, so that the First Heat Exchanger is kept with carrying out exothermic described the
One reactor or second reactor connection, and second heat exchanger is kept the first reactor with absorbing heat
Or the second reactor connection.
6. control method according to claim 5, wherein the metal hydride refrigeration system further include be arranged at it is described
The first pump on refrigerating medium pipeline between the refrigerating medium outlet of first reactor and first triple valve, is configured as flowing out
The refrigerating medium of the first reactor provides power；And it is arranged at the refrigerating medium outlet and described second of the second reactor
The second pump on refrigerating medium pipeline between triple valve, the refrigerating medium for being configured as flowing out the second reactor provide power,
And the method further includes：
The flow velocity of first pump and the described second pump is adjusted according to the operating status.
7. control method according to claim 6, wherein detecting the first reactor and/or the second reactor
The step of operating status, includes：
The internal-response pressure of one that hydrogen abstraction reaction is carried out in the first reactor and the second reactor is detected, and will
The internal-response pressure is respectively compared with default first reaction pressure threshold value and the second reaction pressure threshold value, wherein described
One reaction pressure threshold value is more than the second reaction pressure threshold value.
8. control method according to claim 7, wherein according to the first reactor and/or the second reactor
Operating status determines that the step of polarity and voltage of the direct current includes：
In the case where the internal-response pressure is more than or equal to the first reaction pressure threshold value, if the direct current
Voltage is greater than or equal to default voltage minimum threshold, then the voltage of the direct current is turned down, if the voltage of the direct current is small
In the voltage minimum threshold, then current voltage value is maintained,
In the case where the internal-response pressure is less than the second reaction pressure threshold value, if the voltage of the direct current is less than
Default voltage max-thresholds, then heighten current voltage value；If it is maximum that the voltage of the direct current is greater than or equal to the voltage
The time that threshold value and the internal-response pressure are less than the second reaction pressure threshold value exceedes preset time, then switches described straight
The polarity of voltage direction of galvanic electricity.
9. control method according to claim 8, wherein, drive refrigerating medium pipeline described in four threeway Vavle switchings to connect
The step of leading to the state of the first reactor, the second reactor and the First Heat Exchanger, second heat exchanger
Including：
After the polarity of voltage direction of the direct current is switched, switch the refrigerating medium stream of the First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger
To.
10. control method according to claim 9, wherein adjusting first pump and described the according to the operating status
The step of flow velocity of two pumps, includes：
It is greater than or equal to the second reaction pressure threshold value in the internal-response pressure and is less than first reaction pressure
In the case of threshold value, the flow velocity of first pump and the described second pump is set to change and phase with the size of the internal-response pressure
It should change.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113654141A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-16 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Method and device for controlling electrochemical refrigeration system and electrochemical refrigeration system |
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