CN1476771A - Slowly-released non-protein nitrogen - Google Patents
Slowly-released non-protein nitrogen Download PDFInfo
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- CN1476771A CN1476771A CNA021393842A CN02139384A CN1476771A CN 1476771 A CN1476771 A CN 1476771A CN A021393842 A CNA021393842 A CN A021393842A CN 02139384 A CN02139384 A CN 02139384A CN 1476771 A CN1476771 A CN 1476771A
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- urea
- ammonium
- protein nitrogen
- protein
- nitrogen
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a slowly-released non-protein nitrogen. It is made up by using high-purity ultrafine attapulgite and non-protein nitrogen by means of mixing machine. It utilizes the characteristics of attapulgite which has large specific surface area, strong adsorption property, good ion exchange property, libricating property and richly contains beneficial trace elements, and mixes it with non-protein nitrogen, so as to obtain product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a slow-release non-protein nitrogen for synthesizing protein by animals.
Background
Non-protein nitrogen refers to elemental nitrogen or combined nitrogen, is widely applied to animal nutrition, can partially replace natural protein in feed, and relieves the problem of insufficient protein resources worldwide. The non-protein nitrogen currently available for animal nutritional studies can be broadly divided into: urea and its derivatives, ammoniacal nitrogen, ammonium, peptides and their derivatives, animal wastes and other wastes.
Protein is a major limiting nutrient in animal feed, particularly for ruminants fed grazing and based on roughage as the major ration ingredient. In many areas, leguminous forage grass rich in protein is not widely planted, vegetable protein and animal protein serving as protein supplement feed are in short supply and expensive, and the development of animal husbandry is undoubtedly promoted if the problem of insufficient protein feed can be partially solved or relieved. After a century of research, non-protein nitrogen has been widely used in ruminant nutrition so far, and there are more and more available types of non-protein nitrogen. Although the variety of non-protein nitrogen is wide, many factors such as price, source and side effect and feeding effect are considered. There are only a few non-protein nitrogen compounds that are actually used in livestock and poultry feeds. Nitrogen fertilizer is a non-protein nitrogen source widely used in agriculture. The production potential of nitrogen fertilizers is great, for example, the complex is more used in ruminant feed, true protein is produced by microorganisms in animal rumen, and meat and milk are transformed.
Ruminants can synthesize proteins from non-protein nitrogen, while ruminants such as humans, birds, dogs,pigs, etc. cannot efficiently utilize non-protein nitrogen to obtain proteins. Ruminants such as cattle, sheep and camels have multiple stomachs, also called rumens, and microorganisms in the stomachs can utilize non-protein nitrogen to synthesize self-required amino acids and proteins under the condition of sufficient carbohydrate, namely, the ruminants can digest the amino acids required by the microorganisms and actively release the amino acids for protein synthesis. The process of conversion of urea to authentic protein in the stomach involves the following steps:
the free amino acids formed are available to the host animal after absorption in the small intestine.
That is, non-protein nitrogen binding to carbohydrates is an indirect provider of proteins. Other non-protein nitrogen compounds if enzymatic reactions are required, the process is also similar to urea, and sometimes several enzymes may act on a single non-protein compound at the same time.
The practical use of non-protein nitrogen in feeding can be summarized in several cases: A. directly supplementing with non-protein nitrogen substance; B. chemical treatment of the roughage with non-protein nitrogen substances; C. the use of non-protein nitrogen for the production of various types of supplemental feeds or nutritional supplements; D. non-protein nitrogen is added during the chemical or physical process of the roughage.
Taking urea as an example, urea generally goes through three stages in feeding studies. The first stage is that urea is added into feed for direct feeding in 60 and 70 years, and the effect is little. The reasons are that urea is hydrolyzed too fast in the rumen of the ruminant, the utilization rate of the urea is low, and poisoning is caused by improper use. The second stage is to add urea to the straw or silage. The method has serious urea loss, is influenced by places and seasons, and does not fundamentally solve the problem of reasonable utilization of urea nitrogen. The third stage was the 80 s beginning to develop new urea feeds, such as starch urea in the united states and urea feed in the former soviet union. A new NPN feed product DUB developed by mitsubishi chemical company of japan that can retard the rate of urea decomposition, is a third generation NPN product known after urea and biuret. DUB is made by the condensation of urea and isobutyraldehyde, the chemical name being isobutyldiurea. At present, more than 20 NPN feed products mainly prepared from urea are developed abroad, and the NPN feed products are widely applied in production. In the 80 s of China, by referring to the advanced experience in foreign countries, a series of urea and derivative feed products thereof, such as biuret, hydroxymethyl urea, urea phosphate, isobutylene diurea, urea lick block, gelatinized urea and the like, are developed and developed.
The urea is non-toxic, but the decomposition and release speed of the urea is about 4 times of the speed of the protein synthesized by the microorganism. The ammonia released by hydrolysis and carbon dioxide quickly form carbamic acid, and the carbamic acid is poisoned when entering blood. Tests prove that the average poisoning amount of the ruminant urea administered by a ruminant is 45-65g/Kg of body weight.
Symptoms of ruminant urea poisoning generally appear within 30-60min after feeding, and mild symptoms appear as lassitude and uncoordinated actions; severe cases are marked by convulsions in the extremities, rumen bloating, and dyspnea. Ifnot treated in time, death may occur within 2-3 h. The most simple and easy emergency treatment method for urea poisoning is to administer 5% acetic acid solution or household vinegar to the poisoned animal.
The direct utilization of urea by ruminants is not only influenced by factors such as poor palatability, high ammonia release speed, easy poisoning, low utilization rate, inconvenient storage and the like, but also restricted by the utilization of urea by ruminants to different degrees due to factors influencing the growth of rumen microorganisms.
The attapulgite high-purity superfine material has the excellent physical characteristics of large specific surface area, high porosity, moderate acid-base, strong adsorbability and the like, and simultaneously contains 12 of 14 trace elements required by animals, particularly I and Se, and has special significance for animal nutrition and improvement of meat and milk quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide slow-release non-protein nitrogen, which is mixed with non-protein nitrogen to form slow-release non-protein nitrogen by utilizing the characteristics of attapulgite, such as large specific surface area, strong adsorbability, good ion exchange property, lubrication, rich beneficial trace elements and the like, so as to strengthen slow release, promote protein synthesis and improve the utilization rate of the non-protein nitrogen, thereby achieving the effect of long-acting supplementary feeding.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following measures:
the slow-release non-protein nitrogen is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-85% of high-purity superfine attapulgite and 15-25% of non-protein nitrogen.
D ofthe high-purity superfine attapulgite97The fineness is less than or equal to 3 microns.
The non-protein nitrogen is selected from at least one of urea and derivatives thereof, nitrogen, ammonium salt, peptides and derivatives thereof.
The urea and its derivatives are selected from biuret, hydroxymethyl urea, urea phosphate, uric acid, diureide isobutane, isobutyl diurea, fatty acid urea, humic acid urea, thiourea, urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde.
The ammoniacal nitrogen is liquid ammonia or ammonia water.
The ammonium salt is ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium acetate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium lactate, ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphosulfate, and ammine complex organic acid.
The peptides and their derivatives are amino acids, amides, glycine, glutathione, and melamine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention utilizes the characteristics of high specific surface area, strong adsorbability, good ion exchange property, lubrication, rich beneficial trace elements and the like of the high-purity superfine attapulgite to form slow-release non-protein nitrogen by mixing with the non-protein nitrogen, delays the dissolution speed of the non-protein nitrogen in rumen, improves the utilization rate of the non-protein nitrogen and prevents non-protein nitrogen poisoning. The invention strengthens slow release, promotes protein synthesis and improves the utilization rate of non-protein nitrogen so as to achieve the effect of long-acting supplementary feeding.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the slow-release non-protein nitrogen is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: d9775 percent of 3-micron high-purity superfine attapulgite and 25 percent of urea. Mixing the slow-release non-protein nitrogen and the feed according to the weight ratio of 10: 90.
Example two:
the slow-release non-protein nitrogen is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: d9780 percent of 2 micron high-purity superfine attapulgite and 20 percent of ammonium sulfate. Will slowly release non-eggMixing white nitrogen and silage according to the weight ratio of 15: 85.
Example three:
the slow-release non-protein nitrogen is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: d9785 percent of 2-micron high-purity superfine attapulgite and 15 percent of urea. Mixing the slow-release non-protein nitrogen and the grain feed material according to the weight ratio of 20: 80.
Claims (7)
1. The slow-release non-protein nitrogen is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-85% of high-purity superfine attapulgite and 15-25% of non-protein nitrogen.
2. The slow release nonprotein nitrogen of claim 1, wherein the high purity ultrafine attapulgite clay has a d value97The fineness is less than or equal to 3 microns.
3. The slow-release non-protein nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein the non-protein nitrogen is selected from at least one of urea and its derivatives, nitrogen, ammonium salts, peptides and their derivatives.
4. The slow-release non-protein nitrogen according to claim 3, wherein said urea and its derivatives are selected from the group consisting of biuret, hydroxymethyl urea, urea phosphate, uric acid, diurea, isobutyldiurea, fatty acid urea, humic acid urea, thiourea, urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde.
5. The slow-release non-protein nitrogen according to claim 3, wherein the ammoniacal nitrogen is liquid ammonia or ammonia water.
6. A slow release non-protein nitrogen according to claim 3, characterized in that the ammonium salt is ammonium sulphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium acetate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium lactate, ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium thiophosphoryl ammonium, an ammine complexing organic acid.
7. The sustained-release non-protein nitrogen according to claim 3, wherein the peptides and derivatives thereof are amino acids, amides, glycine, glutathione, melamine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA021393842A CN1476771A (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Slowly-released non-protein nitrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA021393842A CN1476771A (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Slowly-released non-protein nitrogen |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1476771A true CN1476771A (en) | 2004-02-25 |
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| CNA021393842A Pending CN1476771A (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2002-08-20 | Slowly-released non-protein nitrogen |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103504122A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-15 | 南开大学 | Feed fermentation method with modified attapulgite clay as nitrogen fixing agent |
| CN103960467A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 夏伦志 | Modified straw aminating agent and usage method thereof |
| CN115024389A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-09 | 青岛元农生物科技有限公司 | Slow-release non-protein nitrogen additive and preparation and use methods thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-08-20 CN CNA021393842A patent/CN1476771A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960467A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 夏伦志 | Modified straw aminating agent and usage method thereof |
| CN103504122A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-15 | 南开大学 | Feed fermentation method with modified attapulgite clay as nitrogen fixing agent |
| CN115024389A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-09 | 青岛元农生物科技有限公司 | Slow-release non-protein nitrogen additive and preparation and use methods thereof |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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