CN1469920A - 洗涤和消毒剂 - Google Patents
洗涤和消毒剂 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000005385 peroxodisulfate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004882 Na2S2O8 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- -1 sodium alkylsulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 6
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- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide Substances OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical class ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010613 Electrolyte Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;oxalate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010505 homolytic fission reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical compound [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JWSMTBMIGYJJJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;azane Chemical compound N.[Mg+2] JWSMTBMIGYJJJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A61K33/32—Manganese; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/06—Hydroxides
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
一种洗涤和消毒剂,其中为了启动有机物质的氧化作用,于碱性溶液中使用水溶性的高锰酸盐,且同时使用化学氧化剂,优选过氧焦硫酸盐,这种化学氧化剂能够引起与源于所提供的高锰酸盐中锰酸盐的催化载体的自由基反应,这一反应产生了有机物质的氧化。所有的组分以粉末形式存在,相应的粉末混合物能快速溶解于水中,而没有任何残留。因此它是普遍可用的高效能的洗涤和消毒剂。
Description
氯通常特别用于清洁和消毒。氯化合物如次氯酸(HOCl)或盐酸以含水溶液形成,这些和伴随着生成的氧是最后含水氯溶液的强氧化作用和因此的消毒作用的基础。氯和含氮化合物反应产生的氯胺也产生相同的消毒效果,但许多人感觉有气味和对眼睛有刺激。用氯消毒时的主要副产品最终是氯化的烃。它们在氯和有机物质的反应中产生,且在高浓度下会有危险。因此已经经常采取努力以通过采用其它化学物质替代氯用于清洁和消毒,但没有达到氯的杀菌速率。
使用氯用于清洁和消毒的另外的问题是运输和贮存,因为这种高反应性的物质必须予以特别的关注。
因此,本发明的目的是提供能避免这种缺点并能保持相同的氧化和消毒效能的洗涤和消毒剂。
本发明的效果由权利要求1的特性特征达到。
高锰酸钾(KMnO4)是一种强的氧化剂,它的杀菌效果已经被认识了很长时间。在强碱性环境下,它的性能尤其是以七价锰还原到氧化值为+6为基础的。然而由于不同的原因,它还从未在洗涤和消毒剂中使用。由于有很强的氧化效果,高锰酸钾被证明是与例如洗涤剂中的其它必要组分不配伍的。此外,水在具有高的氧化电位的高锰酸钾面前作为还原剂,由此导致洗涤剂在水溶液中的稳定性问题。
GB 1 510 452 A公开了用于卫生间浴盆的洗涤剂,它由高锰酸钾和用于降低表面张力的烷基硫酸钠组成。没有提供另外的与高锰酸钾特别协作的氧化剂。因为没有采取措施以确保碱性的环境,通常这种试剂的适宜性必定会受到怀疑。但是,碱性条件对于预防具有低水溶性的二氧化锰(Mn IV“褐色砂石”)的沉淀是必要的。进一步地,它们促进了高锰酸钾的杀菌效果。
在本发明中,将氧化电位超过高锰酸盐的氧化剂加入到高锰酸盐中。本发明是通过添加过氧焦硫酸盐(peroxodisulfate),优选地添加过氧焦硫酸钠而实现的。正如下面将更详尽地解释,自由基反应通过它们的协作而启动,结果导致有机物质有效的氧化作用。
根据权利要求5的措施的结果,因为有机化合物的氧化作用在碱性条件下增强,所以高锰酸盐的杀菌速率提高。
权利要求6确保所采用的硬度稳定剂(络合剂)是耐过氧焦硫酸盐的。此外,可以假设对防止非铁金属和塑料的腐蚀具有一定的保护作用。
权利要求9的方法的结果是提供了用于消毒剂和洗涤剂运输和贮存的有利条件。
参考Pourbaix图(电位pH图)(图1,25℃,1巴大气压和1mol/L的电解质活性),详细描述与本发明的洗涤和消毒剂的效能相关的反应。
首先,本发明提供一定形式和浓度的强氧化剂,优选地涉及碱性过氧焦硫酸盐。虽然碱性过氧焦硫酸盐是一种强氧化剂,但在室温下和在缺少相应的催化剂的情况下,它仅和有机化合物缓慢反应。更确切地说,有机物质有效的和完全的氧化作用由高锰酸钾启动。有机碳被氧化成草酸盐。为了加速高锰酸钾和有机物质的反应动力学,加入碱性氢氧化物,优选氢氧化钠,以因此确保碱性环境。
在本发明申请中,以粉末状形式存在的洗涤和消毒剂首先没有任何残留地快速溶于水中。作为本发明的组合物的结果,注意到为了防止用于提高溶液碱性的碱土碳酸盐和氢氧化物的沉淀,硬度稳定剂足够快地溶解,这在水硬度高的情况下是特别重要的。根据本发明,粉末在水中溶解时,首先是氢氧离子一方面被过氧焦硫酸盐氧化(式1),另一方面也被高锰酸盐氧化(式2),七价的锰被还原成具有+6的氧化值的锰。并释放出氧。
式1:
式2:
在氢氧离子被过氧焦硫酸盐氧化过程中产生的过氧化氢离子可以引起Mn(IV)到Mn(VII)的再氧化(式3):
式3:
当过氧焦硫酸盐的分解速率落后于高锰酸盐的分解速率时(例如,因为高浓度的和/或良好的氧化能力的有机物质促进了高锰酸盐的分解),Mn(VI)的生成增多。七价锰物质的优势导致溶液呈绿色,它不同于最初由锰VII所产生的紫色。有机化合物(这里用“CH2O”表示,它通常代表氧化值为0的碳,特殊地指碳氢化合物)通过Mn VII而生成草酸盐的氧化作用和因此伴随的高锰酸盐的分解作用迅速地发生,因为高pH值以阴离子化的方式作用于大量的有机物质,它促进了阴离子氧化剂的作用。有机物质被Mn VII的氧化也涉及到MnO4 3-,其中的锰以氧化值+5存在(式4),但又被高锰酸盐氧化成七价锰(式5)。
式4:
式5:
根据式4,高锰酸盐对有机物质的作用不能导致本发明的粉末的高效能。更确切地说,现在启动的自由基反应产生了有机物质快速而有效的氧化作用。起始点是从过氧焦硫酸盐中产生的SO4 -自由基。这个自由基能首先通过过氧焦硫酸盐的均裂(式6)或它和有机化合物的反应(式7)而产生:
式6:
式7:
在式7中,{C+1-R}表示含有氧化值为+1的碳的自由基,如{H2C2O3}2-,其中在碳原子之间有一双键。黑体印刷的化合物表示自由基或自由基离子。
如研究结果所示,SO4 -似乎是最初由与所存在的锰化合物的协作产生,根据式8和9,可以假设Mn VI或Mn V化合物对过氧焦硫酸盐的自由基形成有影响:
式8:
式9:
链式自由基反应被启动,其中只是最重要的在下面提到。因此,SO4 -自由基导致了OH自由基的产生(式10)。如通常所了解的,这种自由基属于最具活性的化合物并氧化有机物质(式11)。SO4 -自由基又可以随后产生(式12):
式10:
式11:
式12:
根据式10,在氢氧自由基形成后,它也会和草酸盐反应(式13)。接着硫酸根自由基再次由过氧焦硫酸盐生成(式14):
式13:
式14:
有机化合物的氧化作用的另一反应途径涉及硫酸根自由基本身。硫酸根自由基将有机化合物氧化(式15),且可以最终又被过氧焦硫酸盐再供给(式16)。
式15:
式16:
硫酸根自由基也可以和草酸盐反应(式17),同样又由过氧焦硫酸盐分子再供给(式18)。
式17:
式18:
因此可以看到,反应10到18的进程中,发生有机化合物有效的氧化,通过激发自由基这一氧化作用是有效的,且由不同氧化值的锰化合物启动且由过氧焦硫酸盐维持。
自由基之间的重组反应使10到18的链反应最终停止(式19到24):
式19:
式20: (不稳定)
式21:
式22:
式23:
式24:
(例如{H2C2O3}2-的歧化)
由于锰(VI)在水中是热力学不稳定的,锰(II)的优势地位随之出现(式25):
式25:
溶液的黄色显示出锰(II)的存在,它形成草酸盐络合物且因此也主要完成了清洁和消毒过程。
在链式反应10到25的整个进程中,有氧和过氧化氢的释放(式1、2、16和25),额外地支持了清洁和消毒过程。
排他地使用过氧焦硫酸盐作为附加的强氧化剂是不必要的。氧化电位超过锰VII到锰VI的氧化电位(图1的Pourbaix图中线MnO4 -/MnO4 --),优选地超过HO2 -到OH-(图1的Pourbaix图中线HO2 -/OH-)的氧化电位的其它氧化剂都可采用。就线MnO4 -/MnO4 --而言,高碘酸盐也是合适的,它确保了在化学机制轻微改进的范围内,锰V或VI到高锰酸盐的再氧化作用。虽然使用过氧焦磷酸盐和臭氧在理论上是可行的,但从技术的观点看,它是很难实现的。目前,过氧焦磷酸盐不能大量获得,而臭氧由于其高活性会很快分解,结果作为商业上的洗涤和消毒剂似乎是不适合的。虽然次氯酸盐在水溶液中是足够稳定的,但有必要确保即使在较长时间的贮存情况下,还原-氧化对ClO-/Cl-对于HO2 -离子形成的电化学优势地位。
根据本发明,洗涤和消毒剂的所有组分均以粉末形式存在,除有机物质的有效而快速的氧化作用以外,事实是在用于贮存和运输时是极其有利的。
下面的实施例将证明本发明的洗涤和消毒剂在使用方面各种不同的可能性,不应理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本发明的洗涤和消毒剂可以特别适合地用于饮料配制系统。相应的粉末混合物含有58%NaOH(颗粒状),27.10%三聚磷酸钾,14.75%过氧焦硫酸钠和0.15%高锰酸钾。随着迅速且没有残留地在水中溶解,以每升中约8g粉末产品的浓度进行使用。硫酸根、氢氧根和其它自由基的释放以及碱度促进了清洁和消毒作用。从紫色(锰(VII)物质占优势)到绿色(锰(VI)物质占优势)和最终到黄色(锰(II/IV)物质占优势)的颜色变化使清洁过程能用视觉评价。
实施例2
本发明的洗涤和消毒剂也可以用于清洗瓶子。通常,脏瓶子被浸于碱液槽中。这些碱液基本上含有NaOH和降低表面张力的添加剂,且需要加热到70℃以进行清洁处理。用本发明的洗涤和消毒剂可在室温下也能获得理想的消毒效果,降低了所要求的机械设备和提高了花费效用。瓶子仅仅用溶于水中的本发明的粉末混合物喷洗,或用以液体形式存在的NaOH/三聚磷酸钾和过氧焦硫酸盐/高锰酸盐两种组分喷洗。接触一段时间(由于颜色的变化,其能容易地优化)后,消毒的瓶子用水喷洗。
实施例3
在蔬菜或土豆加工厂或酿酒厂中的无机涂层通常很难溶解,因为它们由无论是在无机酸或是在碱性溶液中都不能很好地溶解的盐混合物组成。它们涉及到草酸钾、磷酸铵镁或硅酸铵镁。本发明的洗涤和消毒剂可以使这种沉淀几乎没有残留地去掉。制备本发明的配方的约10%的含水溶液,且将被清洁的表面用同样的溶液处理。经过不到1小时的接触后,涂层可以用水容易地冲掉。
Claims (10)
1.含有水溶性高锰酸盐的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于:除用于启动有机物质氧化作用的水溶性高锰酸盐外,它还另外包括用于保证pH值至少为10,优选至少为12的碱性环境的试剂,且与至少一种另外的氧化剂结合使用,所述另外的氧化剂的氧化电位超过锰VII至锰VI的氧化电位,优选超过HO2 -至OH-的氧化电位。
2.如权利要求1的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于用过氧焦硫酸盐,优选过氧焦硫酸钠作另外的氧化剂。
3.如权利要求1和2的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于用高锰酸钾作高锰酸盐。
4.如权利要求1至3的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于用碱性氢氧化物,优选NaOH获得碱性环境。
5.如权利要求1至4的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于用耐氧化性的聚磷酸盐作硬度稳定剂,优选三聚磷酸钾。
6.如权利要求1至5中任何一项的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于它以下列的组成使用:
50%-70%NaOH,优选58%
20%-35%三聚磷酸钾,优选27%
10%-20%Na2S2O8,优选15%
至少0.01%KMnO4
7.如权利要求1至6中任何一项的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于所有的组分均以粉末形式存在。
8.如权利要求1至7中任何一项的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于每升洗涤和消毒剂的溶液中溶有7至8克的洗涤和消毒剂。
9.如权利要求1至5中任何一项的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于:它以下列的组成使用:
20%-35%KOH,优选28%
5%-25%三聚磷酸钾,优选15%
25%-35%次氯酸碱液,优选30%
至少0.01%KMnO4
10.如权利要求9的洗涤和消毒剂,其特征在于:它以3%的含水溶液使用。
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CN105164515A (zh) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-12-16 | 托恩豪泽有限公司 | 有机污染物的检测 |
CN112980612A (zh) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-18 | 南京邮电大学 | 一种洗涤消毒剂及制备方法 |
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AT408987B (de) | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-25 | Thonhauser Gmbh Dipl Ing | Reinigungs- und desinfektionsmittel |
AT413032B (de) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-10-15 | Thonhauser Gmbh Dipl Ing | Reinigungs-, desinfektions- und indikatormittel |
DE102006060204A1 (de) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-19 | Krones Ag | Verfahren zur Reinigung einer Anlage |
EP2252683B1 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2015-07-15 | Ecolab Inc. | Use of activator complexes to enhance lower temperature cleaning in alkaline peroxide cleaning systems |
US20090325841A1 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-12-31 | Ecolab Inc. | Use of activator complexes to enhance lower temperature cleaning in alkaline peroxide cleaning systems |
DE102008045207A1 (de) * | 2008-08-30 | 2010-03-04 | Clariant International Limited | Bleichkatalysatormischungen bestehend aus Mangansalzen und Oxalsäure oder deren Salze |
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CA3085086C (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2023-08-08 | Delta Faucet Company | Ozone distribution in a faucet |
US20150044144A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2015-02-12 | Raymat Materials, Inc. | Disinfectant solution |
AT515571B1 (de) | 2014-03-26 | 2018-01-15 | Thonhauser Gmbh | Verfahren zum Reinigen von Anlagen |
CN104170839A (zh) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-12-03 | 张卢军 | 一种广谱高效消毒剂及其制备方法 |
CA3007437C (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2021-09-28 | Delta Faucet Company | Fluid delivery system including a disinfectant device |
US11274270B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2022-03-15 | Alpha Chemical Services, Inc. | Cleaning compositions with pH indicators and methods of use |
AT519894A1 (de) * | 2017-04-29 | 2018-11-15 | Thonhauser Gmbh | Reinigungsverfahren |
AT519943A1 (de) * | 2017-04-29 | 2018-11-15 | Thonhauser Gmbh | Zusammensetzung |
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CN105164515A (zh) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-12-16 | 托恩豪泽有限公司 | 有机污染物的检测 |
CN105164515B (zh) * | 2013-02-07 | 2019-06-04 | 托恩豪泽有限公司 | 有机污染物的检测 |
CN112980612A (zh) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-18 | 南京邮电大学 | 一种洗涤消毒剂及制备方法 |
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