CN1435354A - Water sealed air-float hood - Google Patents
Water sealed air-float hood Download PDFInfo
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- CN1435354A CN1435354A CN 02143478 CN02143478A CN1435354A CN 1435354 A CN1435354 A CN 1435354A CN 02143478 CN02143478 CN 02143478 CN 02143478 A CN02143478 A CN 02143478A CN 1435354 A CN1435354 A CN 1435354A
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- water
- buoyancy aid
- cover body
- buoyancy
- sealed air
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Abstract
A water sealed air floating body is an open hood type container, which can be filled by air to displace the part of water from it and sealed by water. It can be used to design different floating facilities over the sea because it has 6 excellent properties.
Description
Water sealed air floating body is the natural buoyancy aid continue type of wood and bamboo, the ship class buoyancy aid of open-top receptacle and the 4th class buoyancy aid after the gas filed leakproof tank buoyancy aid, is an inflation buoyancy aid that is made of uncovered cover body container.
Water sealed air floating body simple in structure is that the cover body container constitutes by a uncovered container down only.Any water-tight sir-tight uncovered solids container all can become the cover body container and be used for making a water sealed air floating body.Its method is the cover body container in the water vertical (down uncovered) placement, to charge into gas to its inside.The gas that charges into can automatically be got rid of the water body of cover body internal tank from top to bottom layer by layer, makes the cover body container become a gas filed buoyancy aid, and slowly come-up is got up.The water body of getting rid of is many more, and the buoyancy that is produced is just big more, and the concrete quantity of buoyancy can be asked according to law of Archimedes and calculate.
After charging into gas, cover body container uncovered is to be responsible for leak free by following water body.The inclination of cover body container and overturning meeting cause gas leak, and then cause reducing and losing of buoyancy, therefore, in use, keep all the time the cover body container be in vertical floating upright state cause close important.
The inclination of cover body container and overturning are because behind the inflation buoyance lift, due to its whole center of gravity is higher.At this reason, should take following measure to solve.(1) when design and manufacturing, reduce the center of gravity of cover body container as much as possible.(2) a plurality of cover body containers are connected to one entire area is done greatly, can make highly relatively to descend, center of gravity has also fallen thereupon.(3) set up center mass under water in cover body container bottom.(4) be vertically fixed on other objects (as sillar, cliff, seabed basement rock, body of wall).Perfectly safe in order to guarantee, above measure should be used in combination.
Water sealed air floating body is compared with broad-spectrum ship class buoyancy aid, has above excellent specific property:
1, buoyancy is more not a halfpenny the worse than the ship class of same volume.The maximum buoyancy of the two was the same when volume was identical.
2, water sealed air floating body is not afraid of immersion, when pulling under water, changes little buoyancy and still exists; In a single day the ship class immerses in the water, and buoyancy disappears immediately.
3, in order on local area, to obtain bigger buoyancy, can vertically be concatenated into one to a plurality of water sealed air floating bodies and be realized that the ship class then can't be accomplished.
4, the suffered pressure in the inside and outside both sides of the hull bottom and the side of a ship is different, exists difference of pressure.It is dark more to soak, and this difference of pressure is just big more.Has the latent effect that destroys hull.Therefore, the general hull bottom and the beneath side of a ship all will carry out consolidation process.Water sealed air floating body inserts the cover body wall of container in the water, and the water body of its inside and outside both sides communicates, no matter how dark immersion is, does not have difference of pressure, so stress equalization is not fragile, and more need not consolidation process.
When 5, being used for making " sea-paved floor tile ", will be safer more reliable than using ship class buoyancy aid, saving in material more.
When 6, placing under water, the uncovered plenum chamber of water sealed air floating body, the mankind that can be underwater operation, life and amusement provide constantly indispensable air (oxygen) very easily.Obviously, this is that other any buoyancy aids all can't be accomplished.
Design goal of the present invention is to want these advantageous properties of water sealed air floating body are fully developed, and uses early and society, brings benefit to the mankind.
Water sealed air floating body serves many purposes, and only selects " sea-paved floor tile ", " underwater air-supplying chamber " and " marine lifeboat " three kinds of utility models here, does following introducing.
One, sea-paved floor tile
Sea-paved floor tile is the oversize brick formula floating body material of marine " making ground " usefulness, is " the set piece " of a plurality of water sealed air floating bodies, by the disposable cast molding of reinforcing bar water-setting soil of a plurality of siamesed cover body containers.Single cover body container wherein is a tubbiness, the rectangular or regular hexagon in bottom surface.Form a complete plane, the face of land for the ease of being bound up, every sea-paved floor tile also is rectangle or regular hexagon.The ground of desiring to make is that the nature that is stitched together of the bottom surface by each cover body container forms.If use the ship class buoyancy aid of open-top receptacle instead, obviously can't form ground naturally, certainly will especially invest the construction cement cover board, cover on all ships and just can be paved into ground.In the 5th characteristics of water sealed air floating body that Here it is " the more saving in material " of indication.
Sea-paved floor tile should be different as required, are provided with plurality of specifications.Single-block area generally should be 100m
2-1000m
2Thickness will according to the every increase of thickness 1m, can improve buoyancy 1,000 kg/m according to the buoyancy demand
2Relation determined, and to allow some leeway.The shape of single cover body container bottoms and size not only will be coordinated mutually with its height (being the thickness of floor tile), also will connect with the ground of in the future top building and consider as a whole, are optimized design.
During fabrication, prepare to interlink part between the every sea-paved floor tile, reserve dilapidated walls and steel bar end, casting cement fuses when mating formation.The upper surface of floor tile also will expose steel bar end, so that fuse with top building in the future.
Sea-paved floor tile has whole advantages of water sealed air floating body.It has following concrete use:
1, sea-paved floor tile is the preferred material at the bottom of the aircraft carrier warship is made in the shop.Its advantage is: the water sealed air floating body buoyancy aid of (1) bottom, add the ship class buoyancy aid on top to have dual buoyancy, and can satisfy aircraft carrier easily to the floating great demand that carries power.(2) cement casting fast than piecemeal welding rice made the warship duration so can shorten.(3) can save the high-quality steel, reduce the aircraft carrier cost greatly.(4) mechanical property at the bottom of the warship is good, and anti-corrosion capability also is better than any metal, and is sturdy and durable, need not keep in repair, and it is not bad to protect all generations.(5) plenum chamber under the warship can seaman in the Tibetan, and the both convenient scouting and the monitoring of enemy's situation under water is convenient to put to good use capacity for individual action under water again.(6) plenum chamber also can be stored the weapon that torpedo, guided missile etc. are launched under water under water, be easy to use, rapidly, cover.(7) under load unmodified situation, can do appropriateness adjustment to the height that aircraft carrier emerges, to cater to various needs.(8) can make the local impaired back of aircraft carrier be difficult for sinking.
2, can be used to widen, newly-built modernized deepwater port and harbour.Build port and pier in the past, and be mostly to adopt the mode of moving mountains and fill seas to carry out.Duration was both long, and expense is high again; Not only destroyed large stretch of green hill vegetation; The residual quarrel of gunpowder, dust have seriously polluted clear water again.Adopt sea-paved floor tile to build it, can overcome above-mentioned many drawbacks, receive huge economic benefit and social benefit, and the ground of the harbour of building also has the automatic lifting function, more can satisfy modern demand.
3, can be used to build marine mobile airport and air base, help the raising of sea warfare ability.
4, can build huge dull and stereotyped towboat.It specializes in the usefulness of motor car ferry just as double-ply big parking area waterborne.Automobile is by directly driving on and drive off on the single user wharf, and the time of loading and unloading ship is very short, does not need the goods yard.Goods on the automobile can once transport and put in place, has reduced the process of repeatedly having bad luck, and has both avoided the upside-down mounting loss, has won valuable time again.It is the afloat extension of freeway net, helps that smooth flow of goods, quickens socialist construction.Be best suited for Bohai Haixia, Qiongzhou Strait and the Taiwan Straits in China.
5, can be used to build the amusement on water city, improve the class of spending holidays, go sightseeing, travel.
6, ground is made in peripheral shaping and the part that can be used as the island.
7, can be used to build sentry post waterborne, coastal areas and territorial seas.
8, can be the lake, extra large park is filled out and is made wayside pavilion waterborne.
9, can on rivers, set up interim pontoon bridge for the eventuality.
10, overcome and fall huge buoyancy, can be used as large-scale air supply chamber under water.
Two, underwater air-supplying chamber
Underwater air-supplying chamber is the underwater direct utilization of the uncovered plenum chamber of water sealed air floating body.
The human major cause that can not be engaged in activity for a long time under water is exactly the breathing problem that can't resolve under water.The uncovered plenum chamber of water sealed air floating body can be gone into the place that needs to air and oxygen belt under water just, supplies the usefulness of people's breathing very easily.For the mankind move into the condition of having created under water.
When water sealed air floating body is used as underwater air-supplying chamber, must at first overcomes buoyancy and place under water.Large-scale or permanent air supply chamber will be fixed on the basement rock of seabed by rope or column, and small-sized then taking strengthens the mode of bottom counterweight and fixed.Underwater air-supplying chamber also will remain vertical floating upright state, and timely supply fresh air of special gas supply system or oxygen will be arranged.
There is following multiple concrete use in underwater air-supplying chamber:
1, swing room under water.Can make simple and easy tent formula, place the underwater construction scene.The diver work personnel can remove oxygen mask inside and drink water, take food, chat, have a rest.If it is moved to the abyssal zone of bathing beach, match with wayside pavilion on the water surface, not only can have a rest for the swimmer, also have safe rescue effect concurrently.
2, free and unfettered under water not busy wayside pavilion.The wayside pavilion top cover is big air supply chamber, and is transparent, new and original, in establish floor, fence, seat, three, 50 people enter in it, no matter be that the station is to sit, at least above the waist in air.Can be used as permanent construction choosing be built in landscape under water beautiful everywhere, supply water down that the sightseeing tour person breathes, the usefulness of reward scape and rest.
3, go sight-seeing gallery under water.It is with two parallel steam lines of spacing 2-3m double as dealing handrail numerous little wayside pavilion to be linked at the passage of visit under water that constitutes with each free and unfettered not busy wayside pavilion.The top cover of little wayside pavilion is transparent little air supply chamber, only supplies the usefulness of people's respiratory ventilation in travelling to and fro between the way of free and unfettered not busy wayside pavilion.Between each two adjacent booth, without a break can reach: 20-30m for sucting.As long as people are interesting, swimsuit and just can enter the bottom, continental shelf one and swum.
4, tourism cable car under water.Be the vehicle that transport the visitor under water between the sight spot.With land different be that the two-seater cable car that is covered with transparent air supply chamber is fixing and swims on the hawser.
5, also can build office building, auditoriums, hotels under water, as residential building, wedding reception venues, dining room, hotel, recreation shop, rest home, scientific research institution or the like.Its large-scale air supply chamber all is made of under water purpose made sea-paved floor tile fixation.Because plenum chamber is also bigger than the room, so people can inside work and live as on land in Western dress and leather shoesly.Other tool temperament and interest be, on the floating floor, every household one jiao all has flatly with the well of staircase, the guest who swimsuit is all passed in and out by well.If these sea-paved floor tiles are to be made by transparent material, this has just really become " the Crystal Palace " in the paradise under water so.They should be built in and go sight-seeing the gallery and the reached part of tourism cable car under water under water.
6, the device of hovering under water.It is a kind of underwater vehicle of single use.It is one that transparent air supply chamber is huge helmet-type and seat, is fixed on jointly on the following billiard table shape counterweight chamber.Bottom, counterweight chamber is a mass, top storage high pressure air.The lifting of fly device is controlled by the maximum air capacity that changes helmet air supply chamber; Level is travelled and is driven by small-sized pneumatic propeller.After the high pressure air drives work done, rising enters in the air supply chamber; The master rises and falls, supplies to breathe a gas three usefulness.It can be civilian in tourist industry under water and fishery, also can be used to equip stay the seaman who hides under the warship.
7, can be the oxygen supply of the fishing pool.Air supply chamber places Yu Tangzhong, and the fresh air that often charges into is retained under water for a long time, can improve the molten amount of oxygen of water body, is the oxygenation of the fishing pool effectively.
Three, marine lifeboat
Marine lifeboat is based on life preserver on the multifunctional water of the umbrella cover body container of concavity.It is the buoyant characteristics of water sealed air floating body and the comprehensive application of breathing characteristic.
The main structure of marine lifeboat as shown in drawings.The central peviform sunk part of umbrella hull (1) has constituted main cabin (3) jointly with the main cabin cover (2) that welds on it.The top in main cabin is provided with central command post (4), and it occupies a commanding position, and periphery is covered all at one glance, and is beneficial to commander.Umbrella hull bottom is plenum chamber (5), charges into air hull come-up, and air-out then hull sinks, and sealing is responsible for by water body in the bottom surface.The orlop in main cabin is counterweight chamber (6), can suck seawater or insert weight implementation counterweight.Transition module (7) is a room in the main cabin, and it has two hermatic doors, and a gate open is toward main cabin (3), and another gate open is toward plenum chamber (5), is when having the people to come in and go out plenum chamber, still can keep its sealing state and design-calculated.Shoal water zone (8) is to form naturally after the entry of umbrella hull edge oblique cutting.On the A of symmetry, the vertical shaft at B two places, each installs a spiral propeller, all can do 360 ° and horizontally rotate control.
Marine lifeboat excellent, characteristics are as follows:
1, it is strong that the buoyancy of marine lifeboat is big, center of gravity is low, windage is little, anti-wave hits ability, more competently carries out rescue task under rough weather.
The load force of marine lifeboat can improve along with the increase of charge air, and the volume of plenum chamber is huge, so the many again problems that also do not have overload of relieved personnel.Whole hull top is little, and base is big, and center of gravity is low, and counterweight can be buckled on the water surface firmly in addition.The main cabin cover (2) that combines in central authorities is less relatively, cylindrical again, so windage is very little, and the windage of all directions is identical, does not have fragile " side " of being afraid of wind of common rectangular ship class, dare to fight with octahedral and the wind comes from.Hull has the effect of dissolving to billow like the curvature of the spinal column.
2, the safe reliability of the existing big ship of marine lifeboat, the same with canoe again ground adjoined water surface is convenient to sue and labour.It has overcome three kinds of drawbacks that in the past cause salvage work to become a mere formality, produce little effect: (1) big ship is safe and reliable is not afraid of stormy waves, and unattainable, energetically youngster does not make.(2) deenergize under the canoe and rescue the people, but be unable even to protect or fend for oneself.(3) it is more hard and dangerous to pass on personnel in the stormy waves on big ship.
3, the setting of shoal water zone (8) is the distinctive feature of marine lifeboat.It has broken the strict boundary line between ship and the sea, for saving oneself of Salvee person provides possibility with rescuing mutually, has created the condition that makes things convenient for.They have in fact climbed up lifeboat in case trip is gone into or pushed this shoal water zone by stormy waves unconsciously, only poorly stepped into main cabin by handrail and railing.Medium-sized hull according to 50 rice diameters calculates, and will there be 50 * 3.14=157 linear meter its peripheral shoal water zone.Everyone accounts for wide one meter, can go on board simultaneously at periphery for 150 people and save oneself.The rescuer salvages and to transport the wounded also very convenient.Shoal water zone (8) can make whole salvage work become free and relaxed, and is convenient and simple, gets twice the result with half the effort.
4, can implement to drag for the work of rescuing simultaneously under water under the ship, be another characteristics of marine lifeboat.No matter extraneous stormy waves is much, the water surface that plenum chamber (5) covers is under the pressure of air, and is still calm.Spreading camel is exactly an interim rescue room as sick bed.Projector light sees through the water surface directly goes under water, for the diver provides illumination support, makes the mistake of putting that underwater salvage work has.After the drowning person is held out the water surface, directly stand up and be placed on the camel sick bed.Rescue immediately Deng the medical personnel there.Be transferred in the main cabin (3) via transition module (7) more in case of necessity and do further diagnosis and treatment.After the diver slips out of the hand, turn round down and seek new target again.
So quick, practical, drag for the condition of rescuing under water in time, efficiently, be that other any ships are impayable.It will make more victim escape death by a hair's breadth.
When 5, two of marine lifeboat angle of rake azimuths are consistent, it can the original place to any direction running, the operation maneuverability.
6, marine lifeboat is not having rescue task at ordinary times, is a cruise liner with favourable conditions.Safer more reliable than other ships, this is an one.Its two, middle high around low hull, just in time be the good grandstand of going sightseeing, how the people also is independent of each other.Its three, ship is in water, water aboard ship.Shoal water zone (8) can aboard ship catch fish, play with water for the visitor.Its four, the plenum chamber under the ship is as dining room waterborne and dance hall, peculiar, five, the water surface of plenum chamber bottom is a natural swimming pool.In a word, as cruise liner, the visitor is more got close to nature.
7, the marine lifeboat circular hull that is similar to flying saucer UFO has been compared following advantage with bar shaped.(1) when bumping with other objects, rum point is slightly offset, and it will rotate dissolves Impact energy, makes injury be relieved to minimum level.(2) when hull is very huge, can on the circumference at A, 2 places of B, many actuating devices evenly be set to satisfy power demand.Can be several, also can be tens, even more.The actuating device of super giant is difficult to processing and manufacturing, is one of maximum difficult point during the bar shaped aircraft carrier is built.If the circle of being modified as " breaks the whole up into parts the actuating device of super giant ", processing and manufacturing difficulty just has been readily solved.(3) many actuating devices are the same with two of A, B, as long as make their azimuth keep identical, can make warship body original place to any direction running.Thoroughly solved the problem of " the big tune of ship is difficult ".By contrast, bar shaped stern rudder formula tune mode slow movement is promptly lost time and is wasted energy.
Water sealed air floating body except above three class purposes, also can be used to make the above-water large-scale weight-lifting equipment and the naval vessel increases floating device.
The naval vessel increases floating device, is that symmetry hangs or be welded on two following fleetline cover body containers of both sides, naval vessel floating line.After charging into equivalent gas, can be hull increases load-carrying ability, and certain safety and stability effect is also arranged.If when directly welding aboard ship, near the cover body wall of container of hull one side can omit need not, hold concurrently for it by the side of a ship.
Figure of description only is a scheme drawing.
Claims (4)
1, water sealed air floating body is the natural buoyancy aid continue type of wood and bamboo, the ship class buoyancy aid of open-top receptacle and the 4th class buoyancy aid after the gas filed leakproof tank buoyancy aid, it is characterized in that, it is an inflation buoyancy aid that is made of uncovered cover body container.
2, buoyancy aid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, its buoyancy is got rid of water body by the gas that charges into from the cover body internal tank and produced.
According to claim 1 and the described buoyancy aid of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, after the cover body container charged into gas, it is uncovered to be to be responsible for leak free by following water body.
4, according to claim 1 and the described buoyancy aid of claim 3, it is characterized in that, be the gas leak that prevents to charge into, the cover body container must be in vertical floating upright state all the time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02143478 CN1435354A (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2002-10-02 | Water sealed air-float hood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02143478 CN1435354A (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2002-10-02 | Water sealed air-float hood |
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| CN1435354A true CN1435354A (en) | 2003-08-13 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02143478 Pending CN1435354A (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2002-10-02 | Water sealed air-float hood |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107117265A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-09-01 | 张永吉 | Water inflating platform |
| CN107128455A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-05 | 张永吉 | It is double to float many bottom economical ships |
| CN113353205A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-07 | 尹小萍 | Ready-package above-water work platform that possesses raising and lowering functions |
-
2002
- 2002-10-02 CN CN 02143478 patent/CN1435354A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107117265A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-09-01 | 张永吉 | Water inflating platform |
| CN107128455A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-05 | 张永吉 | It is double to float many bottom economical ships |
| CN113353205A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-07 | 尹小萍 | Ready-package above-water work platform that possesses raising and lowering functions |
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