Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of meat, promotion growing plants composite extract and preparation method and purposes improved.
Improve meat, promote that the growing plants composite extract is the compound that extracts alkaloid and saponin active material from Lauraceae, pulse family and Chenopodiaceae class plant, alkaloid and saponin add adjuvant activation back respectively to be mixed in 1: 0.1~0.5 ratio.
Its preparation method is as follows:
1) extracts the saponin method in the legume: with legume or bean cake powder essence to 60~80 orders, after adding the endoglycosidase reaction, with 70~95% ethanol extractings, carry out microwave treatment simultaneously, carrying the back again filters, regulate the filtrate acid-base value to PH8.0~9.0, decompression concentrates and uses resin adsorption, gets saponin extract (pale brown toner powder solid) behind the wash-out drying under reduced pressure.
2) extract the volatile oil method in the leaf of canella, branch, the skin: leaf, branch, the skin of canella are crushed to 60~80 orders, with carrene or 70~95% ethanol under 50~55 ℃ of conditions, with magnetic stirrer or microwave treatment, lixiviate is filtered after 24~30 hours and is reduced pressure and concentrates, and gets faint yellow volatile oil.
3) extract the alkaloid method in the chenopod: chenopod is crushed to 60~80 orders, under microwave treatment with 70~95% ethanol lixiviates, decompression concentrate medicinal extract, repeatedly extract with 1~5% aqueous acetic acid in a small amount again, acid water extracting liquid leaves standstill for 0~4 ℃, separate out resin object and fatty oil, filtrate adds the ammonium tetrathiocyanodiaminochromate saturated aqueous solution, and precipitation is separated out alkaloid.
4) alkaloid and saponin add adjuvant activation back respectively and mix in 1: 0.1~0.5 ratio, and volatile oil is sprayed in alkaloid and the saponin compound in 3~5% ratio with spraying apparatus, obtains a kind of plant composite extract.
The meat that this plant composite extract is used for animal products, aquatic products improves.
Plant composite extract provided by the invention is utilization physiology and animal nutrition principle, further investigate influencing aquatic animal meat, growth, disease-resistant factor such as fodder energy, thick protein, crude fat, mineral matter element, vitamin and immunity of organism mechanism etc., seek the feed addictive of four high best joints of high lean meat percentage, the high speed of growth, high meat quality, high diseases prevention power, overcome the problems that single formulation is found in the meat improved, process.Show through 11 batches of result of the tests: in the mixed feed behind the appliable plant composite extract, examination hog slaughtering rate improves 2-4%, eye muscle area improves 7-9%, and can significantly improve yellowish pink and marble grain, make yellowish pink scarlet glossy, PSE meat and DFD meat obviously reduce, and muscular system water rate improves, and drip loss reduced 25-30% in 12 hours.Flavor substance such as inosine, imp content increase in the meat; The examination pig is carried out urine sample measure, do not find any abnormal response, use fool proof.Simultaneously, use through the productivity of about 300,000 market pigs of more than 60 tons of (containing plant composite extract of the present invention) additives (being roughly equal to 30,000 tons of mixed feeds), effect is obvious.Plant composite extract, through a large amount of production applications, studies show that safe in utilization for a long time, pollution-free, noresidue, have no side effect remarkable in economical benefits.
The specific embodiment
The physical behavior of plant composite extract is: faint yellow to pale brown toner end, and easy deliquescence; Chemical property is: easily oxidation.
When plant composite extract uses, be that the compound with this powdery adds in mixed feed, concentrated feed, premix or the additive, and evenly mix that its addition is amounted in the mixed feed content and counted: 0.01~0.5%.
We studies show that, plant composite extract can be used with one or more cysteamines, L-carnitine, organic selenium, and effect will be more obvious.
Embodiment 1:
1) extracts the saponin method in the legume: with legume or bean cake powder essence to 60 order, after adding the endoglycosidase reaction, with 75% ethanol extracting, carry out microwave treatment simultaneously, carrying the back again filters, regulate the filtrate acid-base value to PH8.0, decompression concentrates and uses resin adsorption, gets saponin extract (pale brown toner powder solid) behind the wash-out drying under reduced pressure.
2) extract the volatile oil method in the leaf of canella, branch, the skin: leaf, branch, the skin of canella are crushed to 60 orders, with carrene or 75% ethanol under 50 ℃ of conditions, with magnetic stirrer or microwave treatment, lixiviate is filtered after 24 hours and is reduced pressure and concentrates, and gets faint yellow volatile oil.
3) extract the alkaloid method in the chenopod: chenopod is crushed to 60 orders, under microwave treatment with 75% ethanol lixiviate, decompression concentrate medicinal extract, repeatedly extract with 1% aqueous acetic acid in a small amount again, acid water extracting liquid leaves standstill for 0 ℃, separate out resin object and fatty oil, filtrate adds the ammonium tetrathiocyanodiaminochromate saturated aqueous solution, and precipitation is separated out alkaloid.
4) alkaloid and saponin add adjuvant activation back respectively and mix in 1: 0.1 ratio, and volatile oil is sprayed in alkaloid and the saponin compound in 3% ratio with spraying apparatus, obtains a kind of plant composite extract.
Embodiment 2:
1) extracts the saponin method in the legume: with legume or bean cake powder essence to 80 order, after adding the endoglycosidase reaction, with 95% ethanol extracting, carry out microwave treatment simultaneously, carrying the back again filters, regulate the filtrate acid-base value to PH9.0, decompression concentrates and uses resin adsorption, gets saponin extract (pale brown toner powder solid) behind the wash-out drying under reduced pressure.
2) extract the volatile oil method in the leaf of canella, branch, the skin: leaf, branch, the skin of canella are crushed to 80 orders, with carrene or 95% ethanol under 55 ℃ of conditions, with magnetic stirrer or microwave treatment, lixiviate is filtered after 24 hours and is reduced pressure and concentrates, and gets faint yellow volatile oil.
3) extract the alkaloid method in the chenopod: chenopod is crushed to 80 orders, under microwave treatment with 95% ethanol lixiviate, decompression concentrate medicinal extract, repeatedly extract with 5% aqueous acetic acid in a small amount again, acid water extracting liquid leaves standstill for 4 ℃, separate out resin object and fatty oil, filtrate adds the ammonium tetrathiocyanodiaminochromate saturated aqueous solution, and precipitation is separated out alkaloid.
4) alkaloid and saponin add adjuvant activation back respectively and mix in 1: 0.5 ratio, and volatile oil is sprayed in alkaloid and the saponin compound in 5% ratio with spraying apparatus, obtains a kind of plant composite extract.
In triennium in by the end of October, 2002, this seminar is family livestock and poultry fish culture field surplus priority Zhejiang Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Wenzhou, Taizhou, Jinhua etc. 20, compare test with the safety-type meat modifier that mainly contains plant composite extract of the present invention, the lab analysis of physical and chemical index and productivity are used and are shown:
Example 1: to the influence of livestock and poultry weightening finish
The net gain daily gain plumage net gain of pig AA fryer group
A few days weightening finish (gram) plumage number
(kilogram) (gram) (gram) control group 360 923 27.7 1,981 41.68 1750MQI series group 360 996 29.8 2,086 44.15 1854
The result shows: MQI series group is than 2.1 kilograms/head of control group pig net gain, and daily gain improves 8%; The fryer net gain improves 104 gram/plumages, and daily gain improves 5.9%.
Example 2: to the influence of feed conversion rate
Pig AA fryer
Group
Number feedstuff-meat ratio plumage is counted feedstuff-meat ratio
Control group 360 3.62: 1 1,981 2.07: 1
MQI series group 360 3.36: 1 2,086 2.03: 1 result shows: MQI series group improves 7.1% than control group feed conversion rate pig; The AA fryer improves 1.9%.
Example 3: to the influence of carcass trait
Group control group MQI series group
Heavy (kg) 100.4 ± 10.41 of average live body
a101.8 ± 2.63
a
Average carcass weight (kg) 69.65 ± 5.14
a74.18 ± 2.33
a
Dressing percentage (%) 69.40 ± 1.15
a71.95 ± 0.71
b
Eye muscle area (cm
2) 28.93 ± 4.49
A33.53 ± 5.21
B
The thickness of backfat (cm) 2.83 ± 0.18
a2.74 ± 0.26
b
The result shows: the eye muscle area of adding (MQI series) group improves 16.0% (P<0.01) than control group, and dressing percentage improves 3.7% (P<0.05), and the thickness of backfat reduces by 3.2% (P<0.05).
Example 4: to the influence of conventional meat index
Group control group MQI series group
Cold cuts rate (%) 66.85 ± 1.45
a71.95 ± 2.4
b
It is the water rate
*0.34 ± 0.03
a0.43 ± 0.08
b
Crude protein CP (%) 81.40 ± 1.39
a84.39 ± 0.53
b
Crude fat EE (%) 9.03 ± 0.94
a9.75 ± 1.51
b
Myoglobins
339.21±78.31
a438.93±88.42
b
(mg/g)
The result shows: add MQI series group and compare with control group, longissimus dorsi muscle cold cuts rate improves 7.63% (p<0.05); Meat be that waterpower improves 26.5% (P<0.05); Crude protein improves 3.00% (p<0.05); Crude fat improves 5.63% (p<0.05); Myoglobins rising 29.40% (P<0.05) in the muscle.
Example 5: to the influence of the total protease activity of duodenum content
Group control group MQI series group
Lipase 12.63 ± 1.39
a15.52 ± 2.46
b
Amylase 8 .14 ± 1.64
a10.54 ± 1.44
b
The result shows: interpolation MQI series has certain influence to the lipase and the amylase of duodenum content in daily ration, improves 22.88% (P<0.05) and 29.48% (P<0.05) than control group.
Example 6: to the influence of growth pig serum hormone content
Group control group MOI series group
Growth hormone (GH) ng/ml 0.90 ± 0.20
a1.18 ± 0.17
b
Insulin (INS) uiu/ml 4.21 ± 0.60
a4.51 ± 0.66
a
Triiodo thryonine (T3) ng/ml 0.61 ± 0.09
a0.76 ± 0.11
b
T4 (T4) ng/ml 24.12 ± 3.75
a26.86 ± 3.77
a
The result shows: in daily ration, adds MQI series and can improve the growth hormone in the store pig serum, the content of triiodo thryonine, and not obvious to the influence of insulin and T4.MQI series group improves 31.11% (p<0.05), 24.59% (p<0.05) respectively than growth hormone, the triiodo thryonine content of control group.
Example 7: to the influence of liver crude protein, crude fat content
Group control group MQI series group
Crude protein, % 74.32 ± 3.13
a76.38 ± 2.14
a
Crude fat, % 12.80 ± 1.07
a10.65 ± 1.50
b
The result shows: add the gross protein value 2.77% (p>0.05) that MQI series has improved the liver dry weight in daily ration; Significantly reduce crude fat content 16.80% (p<0.05).
Example 8: to the influence of feed nutrient apparent digestibility
Group control group MQI series group
Crude protein growth period 83.00 ± 0.91
a86.17 ± 0.46
b
The stage of fattening 79.25 ± 2.25
a82.03 ± 0.37
b
Crude fat growth period 41.67 ± 1.20
a52.94 ± 6.47
b
The stage of fattening 34.75 ± 0.55
a36.40 ± 1.51
b
Ash content growth period 42.54 ± 1.21
a51.05 ± 0.79
b
The stage of fattening 37.06 ± 0.79
a41.57 ± 0.86
b
The result shows: in the growth period and the stage of fattening, the feed nutrient apparent digestibility that adds MQI series group increases, wherein growth period crude protein, crude fat and ash content apparent digestibility improve 3.82% (P<0.05) respectively than control group; 27.05% (P<0.05); 20.00% (P<0.05).Apparent digestibility comparison at feed crude protein, crude fat and the ash content of the stage of fattening be you can well imagine high by 3.5% (P<0.05), 4.75% (P<0.05), 12.17% (P<0.05) according to component.
Example 9: Economic and Efficiency Analysis (gross profit, unit)
Project control group MQI series group increases benefit than control group
Improve daily gain 41.69 45.89+4.20
Improve dressing percentage 0 18.92+18.92
Reduce the rate 0 5.00+5.00 of dripping
Add up to 41.69 69.81+28.12
The result shows: add MQI series group and increase 28.12 yuan every of economic benefits than control group.
Example 10: production application
To more than the 60 tons of premixes that contain plant composite extract (amount to into mixed feed 30,000 surplus ton), the productivity of about 300,000 market pigs is used through 20 Duo Jia pig farms, Zhejiang Province and premix factory, and effect is obvious, and security is good, remarkable in economical benefits.
The application prospect of plant composite extract of the present invention:
Appliable plant composite extract product is the Coping with WTO TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade), increases effective behave of China's pork export volume.
After the China joined WTO, the trade influence that TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) brings for China enterprise is far-reaching.China's business and government is organized in the related protocol that makes full use of WTO and clause when safeguarding self legitimate interests, also must set up and adjust the sustainable trading system of China emphatically.Can the animal products in the agricultural product export in a large number, and maximum obstacle is the problem that exceeds standard of the medicament residue in the animal products.For many years, sleep peacefully class medicine, the amcinonide of a large amount of abuses of antibiotics and forbidding in China's Production of Livestock and Poultry cause influencing the quality of animal products, weaken China's animal products competitiveness in the international market.For example the fryer of outlet Japan is returned goods and is interrupted outlet because " gram reason powder " exceeds standard a few years ago.In April, 1998 is a collection of for the port live hog, contains " clenobuterol hydrochloride " in the internal organ and causes Hong Kong 17 people to poison, by Hong Kong Dongfang Daily exposure.China's meat at exit in 1999 has only more than 40 ten thousand tons according to statistics, only accounts for 0.8% of national meat output aggregate, and the same year, China's pork export volume was only about 120,000 tons.Break through TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade), must depend on science and technology particularly that high-tech strengthens the green growth pattern dynamics of China's agricultural production, plant composite extract of the present invention belongs to high-tech green product.Applying of this product, the technology of forming a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees of joining, the technology of holding breeding process, process, the process of circulation by the pertinent regulations strictness is closed, and will open up wide space for China manages animal products enterprise increase pork export volume.
The exploitation of plant composite extract of the present invention with use favourable China smooth implementation " non-polluted farm product engineering ", guarantee the needs of consumer's health of human body.
Along with living standards of the people improve and that " vegetables-basket " product is supplied with is abundant, and the enhancing of people's environmental protection, health perception, China urban and rural residents pay attention to more to diversity, quality, the safe and sanitary of " vegetables-basket " product.Yet in recent years, the residual incident of agricultural and veterinary chemicals, " clenbuterol hydrochloride " incident constantly takes place, and the harm consumer health causes harmful effect socially.State Council pays much attention to, and decision will solve " vegetables-basket " product quality safe and sanitary problem.Emphasize that new stage China " vegetables-basket " task will be a core to improve " vegetables-basket " product quality safe and sanitary, allows urban and rural residents be able to eat " quality-assured vegetables ", " quality-assured meat " for a long time.The Ministry of Agriculture starts enforcement " non-polluted farm product engineering " in calendar year 2001.Plant composite extract of the present invention is strengthened " source management " for China's livestock and poultry breeding industry provides good material base.Therefore, it is China's smooth implementation " non-polluted farm product engineering " that plant composite extract Products Development of the present invention is used, and allows urban and rural residents really be able to eat " quality-assured meat ", guarantees pressing for of consumer's health of human body.
Plant composite extract product development of the present invention and popularization can promote the profitable agriculture development, help China's rural and agricultural modernization construction.
Market pig test in enormous quantities shows, use plant composite extract product of the present invention after, the dressing percentage of raising is arranged, reduces drip loss and improve yellowish pink advantage, can improve food conversion ratio simultaneously and pork price valency, the culturist can increase net profit 10-28 unit/head.Because meat is good, safe, the market competitiveness is strong, can transfer raiser's the enthusiasm of raising pigs, and advances the sustainable and stable development of China's aquaculture.The ight soil of raising pigs simultaneously can be made " green " fertilizer, for organic agriculture provides fertilizer.Help agricultural sustainable development.So, plant composite extract product development of the present invention with apply, can promote the profitable agriculture development of growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income, help the rural and agricultural modernization construction.
Plant composite extract of the present invention can keep the high speed of growth and the high lean meat percentage of pig, improves meat quality simultaneously again.Prove through using in about 300,000 market pigs raising, plant composite extract steady quality of the present invention, reasonable price, core technology advanced person, security is good, and remarkable in economical benefits is present more satisfactory safety-type meat modifier.The present domestic like product that still do not have, but had an optimistic view of by the insider, raise pigs employer's organization and production of fodder enterprise of a few inside the province family of livestock management office of Zhejiang Province Department of Agriculture, Zhejiang Province repeatedly gets in touch with seminar and seeks cooperation, Zhejiang Province livestock technology service centre plans to apply on each extensive pig farm of the whole province with in the pig production base, Shanghai, is designated as the safety-type meat modifier of creating Zhejiang nuisanceless pigs meat board special use.Sturdy basis has been established in the brand, the expansion domestic and international market that also are the enterprise establishment high-quality pig of raising pigs of China simultaneously.