CN1404214A - Step failing out detecting apparatus and method for synchronous motor, driving apparatus for motor - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide step-out detecting equipment of a synchronous motor which can detect precisely step-out of a synchronous motor by simplified step-out detecting process. Inverter equipment which drives the synchronous motor without using a position sensor for detecting a rotor position is provided with a current detecting means for detecting a current flowing in the synchronous motor, a d-q coordinate transforming means for performing coordinate transformation of a current signal obtained by the current detecting means into an exciting current component (d axis current) and a torque current component (q axis current), a current AC component detecting means for obtaining AC components of the d-q axis current obtained by the d-q coordinate transforming means, and a step-out detecting means for detecting step-out by comparing at least one of d-q axis current AC components obtained by the current AC component detecting means with an arbitrarily set step-out level signal.

Description

The step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor and step failing out detecting method, the drive unit of motor

Technical field

The present invention relates to not use the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of synchronous motor and the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor.

Background technology

Fig. 9 illustrates the structure of general existing current converter.Among the figure, the 1st, DC power source unit, the 2nd, current converter, the 3rd, a plurality of switch elements, 3a is a U phase side switch element, and 3b is a V phase side switch element, and 3c is a W phase side switch element, 3d is a U phase side switch element, and 3e is a V phase side switch element, and 3f is a W phase side switch element.The 4th, a plurality of fly-wheel diodes that are connected in parallel with a plurality of switch elements 3, the 5th, the converter main circuit that constitutes by a plurality of switch elements 3 and a plurality of fly-wheel diode 4, the 6th, DC brushless motor.

7a is the current sensing means that detects the phase current in the electric current that flow into DC brushless motor 6,7b is the current sensing means of detection and the out of phase electric current of current sensing means 7a, the 8th, and according to converter control device by the switch element 3 in the detected current value break-make control of current sensing means 7a, the 7b converter main circuit 5.

The 9th, be used for pwm signal generating means according to the pwm signal of the output voltage command value make-and-break control switch element of in converter control device 8, obtaining 3, the 10th, from using current sensing means 7a, the current value of the detected two-phase part of 7b is asked the phase current arithmetic unit of three-phase electricity flow valuve, the 11st, be the three-phase current value transform of obtaining by the phase current arithmetic unit 3 phases, the 2 phase inversion devices of the current value of d-q coordinate system, the 12nd, according to by 3 mutually the d-q coordinate system current value obtained of 2 phase inversion devices 11 ask the voltage instruction value arithmetic unit of the output voltage command value of the d-q coordinate system that is used to drive DC brushless motor, the 13rd, ask the output voltage vector arithmetic unit of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value of the d-q coordinate system of obtaining by voltage instruction value arithmetic unit 12, the 14th, the dc voltage detecting device of the direct voltage of detection DC power supply 1, the 70th, the overcurrent detecting device of the overcurrent condition of detection phase current.

Use Fig. 9 that above-mentioned such current converter that constitutes and the action in the DC brushless motor are described.Among the figure, current converter 2 is detected the electric current of the two-phase part in the phase current that flow into DC brushless motor 6 by current sensing means 7a, 7b.Use the electric current of detected two-phase part, for example U phase current Iu and V phase current Iv, change of current control device 8 is in order to drive DC brushless motor 6, ask the magnitude of voltage of converter main circuit 5 outputs and the output voltage command value of voltage-phase by computing, output is used for the pwm signal of the switch element 3 in the break-make control converter main circuit 5.

In change of current control device 8, by the action output pwm signal of the following stated.According to by the detected phase current Iu of current sensing means 7a, 7b, Iv, in phase current arithmetic unit 10, ask phase current Iu, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part, phase current Iu, Iv, the 1w of three-phase part are transformed to electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system by 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices.Voltage instruction value arithmetic unit 12 is asked output voltage command value Vd*, Vq* the d-q coordinate system from electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system by computing, and output voltage vector arithmetic unit 13 is asked output voltage vector Vx* from output voltage command value Vd*, the Vq* of d-q coordinate system by computing.Direct voltage Vdc and the output voltage vector Vx* of pwm signal generating means 9 from being obtained by dc voltage detecting device 14 asks the pwm signal that is used for make-and-break control switch element 3 line output of going forward side by side.

According to the pwm signal of pwm signal generating means 9 outputs, the switch element 3 in the converter main circuit 5 carries out on-off action.According to the on-off action of switch element 3, to DC brushless motor 6 supply capabilities, drive DC brushless motor from converter main circuit 5.

Here, carry out detection of loss of mains in the above-mentioned current converter in the past as described below.When step-out has taken place DC brushless motor 6,, therefore detect step-out from this phenomenon because the peak level of the phase current of comparing during with run-in synchronism strengthens.For example, phase current values and overcurrent level are compared, when phase current has surpassed the overcurrent level,, carry out detection of loss of mains according to overcurrent abnormality as overcurrent abnormality by overcurrent detecting device 70.Here, overcurrent detecting device 70 is made of hardware or software.

In addition, open other example that discloses the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor in the past in the flat 11-18499 communique the spy.Open in the step-out detection apparatus of disclosed synchronous motor in the flat 11-18499 communique the spy, put down in writing in controller, be formed in the γ-δ axle to infer that speed omega r rotation is set like that on the rotor, ask error theta e with epitrochanterian d-q axle.By constitute inferring the θ e that takes place in this γ-δ axle as the γ axle induced voltage of function and the estimating state device of δ axle induced voltage, relatively 2 inferred values detect the example of the step-out of synchronous motors one by one.

And then, open other example of the step-out detection apparatus that discloses synchronous motor in the past in the 2001-25282 communique the spy.Open in the step-out detection apparatus that discloses synchronous motor in the 2001-25282 communique the spy, disclose the example that is compared the detection step-out in no transducer brushless machine the cycle of the cycle of the voltage of current converter output and the electric current that flows through.In addition, also disclose by d shaft current and detection of loss of mains level as the exciting current composition are compared the example that detects step-out.

The step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor in the past constitutes as described above, owing to detect desynchronizing state from the overcurrent phenomenon, therefore is difficult to carry out accurately detection of loss of mains.In addition, even step-out is not taking place, continue to carry out under the synchronous operated situation, cross electric current such as deceleration increases when becoming overcurrent owing to the increase of load or speed, is difficult to isolate the step-out phenomenon from the overcurrent phenomenon.In addition, at the overcurrent level that overcurrent detecting device uses is the value of setting according to the level of the critical current of the degaussing yield point of the magnet that uses in the rotor in DC brushless motor or the element that uses in current converter, therefore is difficult to be set in independently the detection level that uses in the detection of loss of mains.

In addition, because according to the combination of current converter and DC brushless motor, the electric current of the current ratio synchronous regime during step-out is little sometimes, so might can not carry out the detection based on overcurrent.

When continuing desynchronizing state as described above, exist the vibration of generation motor rotor or the problem of noise.In addition, also be subjected to the influence of motor vibration that device is broken down sometimes.In addition, exist the electric current that in synchronous motor, flows through and increase, cause the problem of the destruction of the semiconductor element that in current converter, uses etc.

In addition, open in the step-out detection apparatus of disclosed synchronous motor in the flat 11-18499 communique the spy, owing to need infer the device of the induced voltage of electrode in order to carry out detection of loss of mains, the calculation process that therefore will increase microcomputer etc. is loaded.

In addition, open in the step-out detection apparatus of disclosed synchronous motor in the 2001-25282 communique the spy, because the voltage cycle of current converter output and the current cycle that flows through in no transducer brushless machine are compared the detection step-out, therefore when step-out, under the state of the voltage cycle that does not have current converter output and the difference of the current cycle that in synchronous motor, flows through, can not carry out detection of loss of mains.In addition, by in the device relatively as the d shaft current of exciting current composition and detection of loss of mains level detection step-out, because therefore exciting current need set the detection of loss of mains level according to each service conditions according to the condition variation of revolution or load torque, make and set complexity.

Summary of the invention

The present invention produces for overcoming the above problems, and purpose is to provide and can handles the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the detection of loss of mains of carrying out synchronous motor accurately and the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor with simple detection of loss of mains.

In addition, purpose also is to provide the drive unit of hermetic type compressor of the step-out detection apparatus that has carried synchronous motor as described above and the drive unit of fan electromotor.

The step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current sensing means that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transformation device; At least a certain side of the above-mentioned d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from electric current alternating component checkout gear compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current sensing means that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transformation device; Ask the effective value or the average absolute of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from electric current alternating component checkout gear, the alternating component equilibration device of d-q shaft current alternating component equalization; At least one side of the mean value of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from the alternating component equilibration device compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current sensing means that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the current error arithmetic unit of the error of the d-q coordinate electric current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transformation device and d-q coordinate current instruction value; The current error alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current error that detection obtains from the current error arithmetic unit; At least a certain side of the d-q shaft current error alternating component that obtains from current error alternating component checkout gear compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that from d-q coordinate system current detecting alternating component the time, only detects specific frequency content.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that 2 overtones bands that specific frequency content are taken as the electric voltage frequency of current converter output.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that when detecting the alternating component of d-q shaft current error, only detects specific frequency content.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention be characterised in that the detection of loss of mains level of comparing with the mean value of q shaft current alternating component be taken as synchronous motor rated current about 200%.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that and is difficult to carry out under the situation of detection of loss of mains when low speed, just accelerates to constant action revolution and carry out the detection of step-out after just starting.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that when the acceleration and deceleration synchronous motor, under the situation that the flase drop that can cause detection of loss of mains is surveyed, carries out detection of loss of mains and handle beyond the acceleration and deceleration process.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current sensing means that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Ask the output voltage command value arithmetic unit of the output voltage command value that joins the synchronous motor according to the current signal that obtains from current sensing means; Ask the output voltage vector arithmetic unit of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value that obtains from output voltage ordering calculation device; The output voltage abnormal detector that the size of the output voltage vector that obtains from the output voltage vector arithmetic unit is compared with the detection of loss of mains level; Detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out according to the comparative result that obtains from the output voltage abnormal detector.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current detecting step that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from the current detecting step d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transform step to detect step; Compare with the step-out level signal of setting the arbitrarily detection of loss of mains step of detection step-out of a certain at least side who detects the above-mentioned d-q shaft current alternating component that step obtains from the electric current alternating component.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current detecting step that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from the current detecting step d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transform step to detect step; Ask the effective value or the average absolute that detect the d-q shaft current alternating component that step obtains from the electric current alternating component, the average step of alternating component of d-q shaft current alternating component equalization; At least one side of the mean value of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from the average step of alternating component compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current detecting step that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from the current detecting step d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the current error calculation step of the error of the d-q coordinate electric current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transform step and d-q coordinate current instruction value; The current error alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current error that detection obtains from the current error calculation step detects step; Compare with the step-out level signal of setting the arbitrarily detection of loss of mains step of detection step-out of a certain at least side who detects the d-q shaft current error alternating component that step obtains from the current error alternating component.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that from d-q coordinate system current detecting alternating component the time, only detects specific frequency content.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that 2 overtones bands that specific frequency content are taken as the electric voltage frequency of current converter output.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that when detecting the alternating component of d-q shaft current error, only detects specific frequency content.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention be characterised in that the detection of loss of mains level of comparing with the mean value of q shaft current alternating component be taken as synchronous motor rated current about 200%.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that and is difficult to carry out under the situation of detection of loss of mains when low speed, just accelerates to constant action revolution and carry out the detection of step-out after just starting.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is characterised in that when the acceleration and deceleration synchronous motor, under the situation that the flase drop that can cause detection of loss of mains is surveyed, carries out detection of loss of mains and handle beyond the acceleration and deceleration process.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that the current detecting step that possesses the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Ask the output voltage command value calculation step of the output voltage command value that joins the synchronous motor according to the current signal that obtains from the current detecting step; Ask the output voltage vector calculation step of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value that obtains from output voltage ordering calculation step; The output voltage abnormality detection step that the size of the output voltage vector that obtains from the output voltage vector calculation step is compared with the detection of loss of mains level; Detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out according to the comparative result that obtains from output voltage abnormality detection step.

The drive unit of hermetic compressor of the present invention is characterised in that the step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor described in each that has carried scheme 1～10.

The drive unit of fan electromotor of the present invention is characterised in that the step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor described in each that has carried scheme 1～10.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the structure of step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor of example 1.

Various waveforms when Fig. 2 illustrates the run-in synchronism of example 1.

Various waveforms when Fig. 3 illustrates the step-out of example 1.

Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the flow process that the detection of loss of mains of example 1 handles is shown.

Various waveforms when Fig. 5 illustrates the step-out of example 1.

Fig. 6 is the flow chart that the flow process that the detection of loss of mains of example 1 handles is shown.

Fig. 7 illustrates the structure of step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor of example 2.

Fig. 8 is the flow chart that the flow process that the detection of loss of mains of example 2 handles is shown.

Fig. 9 illustrates the structure of the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor in the past.

The concrete example of invention

Example of the present invention below is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Fig. 1～6 illustrate example 1, and Fig. 1 illustrates the structure of current converter, the various waveforms when Fig. 2 illustrates run-in synchronism, various waveforms when Fig. 3 illustrates step-out, Fig. 4 is the flow process that detection of loss of mains is handled, and the various waveforms when Fig. 5 illustrates step-out, Fig. 6 are the flow processs that detection of loss of mains is handled.

Among Fig. 1, the 1st, DC power source unit, the 2nd, current converter, the 3rd, a plurality of switch elements, 3a is a U phase side switch element, and 3b is a V phase side switch element, and 3c is a W phase side switch element, 3d is a U phase side switch element, and 3e is a V phase side switch element, and 3f is a W phase side switch element.The 4th, a plurality of fly-wheel diodes that are connected in parallel with a plurality of switch elements 3, the 5th, the converter main circuit that constitutes by a plurality of switch elements 3 and a plurality of fly-wheel diode 4, the 6th, DC brushless motor.

7a is the current sensing means that detects the phase current in the electric current that flow into DC brushless motor 6,7b is the current sensing means that detects the phase current different with current sensing means 7a, the 8th, and according to converter control device by the switch element 3 in the detected resistance value break-make control of current sensing means 7a, the 7b converter main circuit 5.

The 9th, be used for pwm signal generating means according to the pwm signal of the output voltage command value make-and-break control switch element of in converter control device 8, obtaining 3, the 10th, from using current sensing means 7a, the current value of the detected two-phase part of 7b is asked the phase current arithmetic unit of three-phase electricity flow valuve, the 11st, be the three-phase current value transform of obtaining by phase current arithmetic unit 10 3 phases, the 2 phase inversion devices as the d-q coordinate transformation device of the current value of d-q coordinate system, the 12nd, according to by 3 mutually the d-q coordinate system current value obtained of 2 phase inversion devices 11 ask the voltage instruction value arithmetic unit of the output voltage command value of the d-q coordinate system that is used to drive DC brushless motor, the 13rd, ask the output voltage vector arithmetic unit of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value of the d-q coordinate system of obtaining by voltage instruction value arithmetic unit 12, the 14th, detect the dc voltage detecting device of the direct voltage of DC power supply 1.

The 15th, detect from the 3 alternating component checkout gears of the alternating component of the d-q coordinate system electric current that obtains of 2 phase inversion devices 11 mutually, the 16th, the alternating component of the d-q coordinate system electric current that obtains from alternating component checkout gear 15 compared with the step-out level carry out the step-out detection apparatus of detection of loss of mains.

Use the as above action of the current converter of formation of Fig. 1 explanation.Among the figure, current converter 2 usefulness current sensing means 7a, 7b detect the electric current of the two-phase part in the phase current that flow into DC brushless motor 6.Change of current control device 8 is in order to drive DC brushless motor 6, use the electric current of detected two-phase part, for example U phase current Iu and V phase current Iv, ask output voltage command value such as the magnitude of voltage of converter main circuit 5 output and voltage-phase by computing, output is used for the pwm signal of the switch element 3 in the break-make control converter main circuit 5.

In change of current control device 8, by the action output pwm signal of the following stated.According to by the detected phase current Iu of current sensing means 7a, 7b, Iv, in phase current arithmetic unit 10, ask phase current Iu, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part, phase current Iu, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part are transformed to electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system by 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices 11.Voltage instruction value arithmetic unit 12 is asked output voltage command value Vd*, Vq* the d-q coordinate system from electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system by computing, and output voltage vector arithmetic unit 13 is asked output voltage vector Vx* from output voltage command value Vd*, the Vq* of d-q coordinate system by computing.Direct voltage Vdc and the output voltage vector Vx* of pwm signal generating means 9 from being obtained by dc voltage detecting device 14 asks the pwm signal that is used for make-and-break control switch element 3 line output of going forward side by side.

According to the pwm signal of pwm signal generating means 9 outputs, the switch element 3 in the converter main circuit 5 carries out on-off action.According to the on-off action of switch element 3, to DC brushless motor 6 supply capabilities, drive DC brushless motor from converter main circuit 5.

From d-q coordinate system electric current I d, the Iq that is provided by 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices 11, alternating component checkout gear 15 detects alternating component Id_AC, the Iq_AC of d-q coordinate system electric current I d, Iq.Step-out detection apparatus 16 compares the alternating component Id_AC of d-q coordinate system electric current, Iq_AC and detection of loss of mains level Error_Level, when Id_AC or Iq_AC have surpassed detection of loss of mains level Error_Level as step-out output abnormality stop signal.

Exported when abending signal at step-out detection apparatus 16, the signals that 9 outputs of pwm signal generating means are used to make the switch elements 3 in the converter main circuit 5 all to disconnect stop from the power supply of converter main circuit 5 to DC brushless motor 6.Simultaneously, also stop the action of change of current control device 8.

Secondly, use Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 that the details of the step failing out detecting method of this example is described.An example of the various waveforms when oscillogram shown in Figure 2 is illustrated in brushless machine 6 run-in synchronism normally.Among Fig. 2, waveform (a) illustrates the phase current waveform Iu that obtains from current sensing means 7a, waveform (b) illustrates the d shaft current waveform Id that obtains from 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices, waveform (c) illustrates the q shaft current waveform Iq that obtains from 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices 11, and waveform (d) illustrates the alternating component waveform Iq_AC of q shaft current Iq.

An example of the various waveforms when waveform shown in Figure 3 illustrates the DC brushless motor step-out.Among Fig. 3, waveform (a) illustrates the phase current waveform Iu that obtains from current sensing means 7a, waveform (b) illustrates the d shaft current waveform Id that obtains from 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices, waveform (c) illustrates the q shaft current waveform Iq that obtains from 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices 11, and waveform (d) illustrates the alternating component waveform Iq_AC of q shaft current Iq.

As Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, if DC brushless motor is the run-in synchronism state, then d-q coordinate system electric current I d, Iq are almost direct current, and when desynchronizing state, produce alternating component in Id, Iq.As the waveform (d) of Fig. 3, the alternating component Id_AC of Id, Iq, Iq_AC and detection of loss of mains level Error_Level are compared, when having surpassed this value as step-out.Can carry out the detection of step-out according to such action.

Below explanation produces the phenomenon of alternating component in Id, Iq.Particularly in the inductance of the such d axle q axle of IPMSM (imbedding magnet type synchronous motor) motor inequality, under the run-in synchronism state, because under the state with the relation maintenance certain phase difference of the output voltage phase place of rotor phase and converter, promptly the inductance of the d axle of rotor and q axle is to move under certain state when the output voltage phase place with converter is benchmark, so d shaft current Id and q shaft current Iq almost become direct current.On the other hand, under desynchronizing state, because the relation of the output voltage phase place of rotor phase and converter is to change the power state all the time, promptly, the inductance of d axle and q axle is the state that changes all the time when the output voltage phase place with converter is benchmark, therefore d shaft current and q shaft current produce alternating component respectively according to each rotatable phase change.Thus, by detecting the alternating component of d-q shaft current, can capture from the output voltage phase place of converter observedly, the change (operate condition of rotor) of the d axle of rotor and the inductance of q axle can detect the step-out of synchronous motor thus.

Use Fig. 4, the example as the step-out detection apparatus of example 1 be described, particularly used with the output torque composition that flow into the electric current in the motor in the device of suitable q shaft current Iq.Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the flow process of detection of loss of mains processing is shown.Among Fig. 4, STP1 is that detection of loss of mains begins to handle, STP2 is that the detection of phase current is handled, STP3 is the phase current calculation process, STP4 is 32 phase inversion processing mutually, and STP5 is that alternating component detects processing, and STP6 is a step-out level comparative result, STP7 is that PWM stops to handle, STP8 is that abnormal ending is handled, and STP9 is that normal termination is handled.

The flow process of detection of loss of mains is as follows.Handle according to the detection of loss of mains that STP1 begins, in the phase current detection of STP2 is handled, detect electric current I u, the Iv of the two-phase part that flow into DC brushless motor 6 with current sensing means 7a and 7b.In the phase current calculation process of STP3, ask electric current I u, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part from two-phase electric current I u, the Iv partly that obtains at STP2.In 3 phases, 2 phase inversion of STP4 are handled, electric current I u, Iv, the Iw of the three-phase part that obtains at STP3 are transformed to electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system.Alternating component at STP5 detects in the processing, detects the q shaft current Iq alternating component Iq_AC that obtains at STP4 with high pass filter.

In the step-out level comparison process of STP6, the q shaft current alternating component Iq_AC and the step-out level Error_Level that obtain at STP5 are compared, when Iq_AC 〉=Error_Level,, enter into STP7 as step-out.When Iq_AC＜Error_Level,, enter into STP9 as just in run-in synchronism.In the PWM of STP7 stops to handle,, the pwm signal of pwm signal generating means 9 outputs all is changed to halted state, and then stops the action of change of current control device when when STP6 is judged as step-out.In the abnormal ending of STP8 is handled as step-out abnormal ending detection of loss of mains.In the normal termination of STP9 is handled,, finish detection of loss of mains and handle as carrying out regular event.

As described above, because the variation of the d-q shaft current that is produced when detect running well and during step-out, can detect the step-out of DC brushless motor, therefore compare, can carry out detection of loss of mains accurately with the detection of loss of mains that use overcurrent phenomenon is in the past carried out.

In addition, because the q shaft current Iq suitable with the output torque composition of the electric current that flow into motor is proportional with the output torque, if therefore with the level detection step-out of q shaft current then might cause that flase drop surveys.And by detecting the alternating component of Iq, even under the different condition of output torque, also can carry out the detection of step-out more accurately.

In addition,, therefore do not need devices such as induced voltage apparatus for predicting, handle thereby can simplify detection of loss of mains owing in change of current control device 8, use the variable that in the computing of output voltage command value, uses.

Secondly, use Fig. 5 that other structure of example 1 of the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is described.Here, the structure of current converter is identical with Fig. 1.An example of the various waveforms when oscillogram shown in Figure 5 illustrates DC brushless motor 6 step-outs.Among Fig. 5, waveform (a) illustrates the phase current waveform Iu that obtains from current sensing means 7a, waveform (b) illustrates the d shaft current waveform Id that obtains from 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices 11, waveform (c) illustrates the q shaft current waveform Iq that obtains from 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices, waveform (d) illustrates the alternating component waveform Iq_AC of q shaft current Iq, waveform (e) illustrates the q shaft current alternating component absolute value waveform that obtains after the q shaft current alternating component Iq_AC rectification | Iq_AC|, waveform (f) illustrate use low-cut filter the filtering of q shaft current alternating component absolute value waveform Iq_AC_Fil.

As Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 5, if DC brushless motor is the run-in synchronism state, then d-q coordinate system electric current I d, Iq are almost direct current, produce alternating component during desynchronizing state in Id, Iq.As the waveform (f) of Fig. 3, use low pass filter the alternating component absolute value filtering of Id, Iq value Id_AC_Fil, Iq_AC_Fil and detection of loss of mains level Error_Level compare, when having surpassed this value as step-out.Can carry out the detection of step-out by such action.

Use Fig. 6, the example as step-out detection apparatus be described, particularly used with the output torque composition that flow into the electric current in the motor in the device of suitable q shaft current Iq.Fig. 6 is the flow chart that the flow process of detection of loss of mains processing is shown.Among Fig. 6, STP1 is that detection of loss of mains begins to handle, STP2 is that the detection of phase current is handled, and STP3 is the phase current calculation process, and STP4 is 32 phase inversion processing mutually, STP5 is that alternating component detects processing, STP10 is that rectification (signed magnitude arithmetic(al)) is handled, and STP11 is the Filtering Processing of being undertaken by low pass filter, and STP12 is a step-out level comparative result, STP7 is that PWM stops to handle, STP8 is that abnormal ending is handled, and STP9 is that normal termination is handled.

The flow process of detection of loss of mains is as follows.Handle according to the detection of loss of mains that STP1 begins, in the phase current detection of STP2 is handled, detect electric current I u, the Iv of the two-phase part that flow into DC brushless motor 6 with current sensing means 7a and 7b.In the phase current calculation process of STP3, ask electric current I u, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part from two-phase electric current I u, the Iv partly that obtains at STP2.In 3 phases, 2 phase inversion of STP4 are handled, electric current I u, Iv, the Iw of the three-phase part that obtains at STP3 are transformed to electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system.Alternating component at STP5 detects in the processing, detects the q shaft current Iq alternating component Iq_AC that obtains at STP4 with high pass filter.

Handle is asked the absolute value of Iq_AC after the q shaft current error alternating component Iq_AC rectification that STP5 obtains in the rectification (signed magnitude arithmetic(al)) of STP10 is handled | Iq_AC|.In the Filtering Processing of STP11, using the low pass filter handle | Iq_AC| carries out filtering, asks the absolute value filter value Iq_AC_Fil of the alternating component of Iq.In the step-out level comparison process of STP12, Iq_AC_Fil and step-out level Error_Level are compared, when Iq_AC_Fil 〉=Error_Level,, enter into STP7 as step-out.

Run-in synchronism enters STP9 when Iq_AC_Fil＜Error_Level.In the PWM of STP7 stopped to handle, when STP6 judged step-out, the pwm signal that pwm signal generating means 9 is exported all was set as halted state, and stops the work of change of current control device.In the abnormal ending of STP9 is handled as step-out abnormal ending detection of loss of mains.In the normal termination of STP9 is handled as operate as normal in and finish detection of loss of mains and handle.

As described above, because the variation of the d-q shaft current that is produced when detect running well and during step-out, can detect the step-out of DC brushless motor, therefore compare, can carry out detection of loss of mains accurately with the detection of loss of mains that use overcurrent phenomenon is in the past carried out.

In addition, because the q shaft current Iq suitable with the output torque composition of the electric current that flow into motor is proportional with the output torque, therefore simply with the level detection step-out of q shaft current the time, owing to need therefore become complicated structure according to the condition enactment step-out level of revolution or load torque.But, as example 1 of the present invention, pass through to detect the alternating component of Iq, even under the different condition of output torque, also can carry out the detection of step-out more accurately.

Equally, even in detection of loss of mains, use under the situation of d shaft current value, because d shaft current value changes according to the operating condition of the such synchronous motor of revolution or load torque, therefore as in the past during merely with the level detection step-out of d shaft current, owing to need therefore become complicated structure according to the condition enactment step-out level of revolution or load torque.But, as example 1 of the present invention by detecting the alternating component of Id, even under the different condition of the operating condition of synchronous motor, also can carry out the detection of step-out more accurately.

In addition,, therefore do not need devices such as induced voltage apparatus for predicting, handle thereby can simplify detection of loss of mains owing in change of current control device 8, use the variable that in the computing of output voltage command value, uses.

In addition, be by the absolute value of the alternating component Iq_AC of q shaft current is taken out | Iq_AC|, use low pass filter this value filtering value Iq_AC_Fil in detection of loss of mains, use, can improve the detection of loss of mains precision in the following areas.Though load torque drastic change or because even the variation in voltage of DC power supply 1 is not desynchronizing state but the alternating component Iq_AC of q shaft current temporarily increases yet sometimes, and by Iq_AC_Fil is used in detection of loss of mains, can avoid because the flase drop of the desynchronizing state that above-mentioned state causes is surveyed.

Here, the setting example that is used for comparison detection of loss of mains level when detection of loss of mains is described.The alternating component Iq_AC of q shaft current value Iq is under the run-in synchronism state, because the change of load torque also will take place.But the level of the Iq_AC that is taken place in the time of usually is because the Iq_AC level that is taken place during with step-out is compared very for a short time, and therefore setting level, can be set at the Iq_AC level that is taken place when common big, and the Iq_AC level that is taken place during than step-out is little.Because the generation level of the Iq_AC in the time of usually during with step-out exists very big poor, so can easily set.

An example of step-out level set point below is described.Electric current during for specified running is that the direct current about 0.5A does not have electric generator, the level of the alternating component mean value Iq_AC_Fil of the q shaft current Iq that is taken place during step-out is below 50% of rated current effective value in specified operating range, and different therewith, the level of the alternating component mean value Iq_AC_Fil of the q shaft current that is taken place during step-out is more than 250% of rated current effective value in specified operating range.Therefore, consider the change of load torque or the influence of direct voltage change, adopt 200% method as detection of loss of mains level etc. the rated current effective value.

Another example when in addition, below explanation step-out level is set.Example as the load of synchronous motor, to compressor, the single rotor type compressor very big equipment of load change in rotary course like that particularly, the alternating component Iq_AC that the torque ripple that is caused by the influence of load change is taken place in q shaft current Iq also increases slightly, but the Iq_AC during step-out does not increase, with compare usually, can set up step-out inspection level significantly.

In the step failing out detecting method shown in the invention process form 1, owing to the combination by current converter and DC brushless motor, the electric current in the direct current machine when flowing into low speed is little, therefore has the condition that is difficult to carry out detection of loss of mains when low-speed running.Such situation can be by detecting to constant action revolution just starting post acceleration.At this moment, during detecting, continue desynchronizing state, but as the time be the several seconds, in addition because little during the specified running of the current ratio that flows through, therefore bring harmful effect hardly for current converter or synchronous motor.

In addition, the DC brushless motor acceleration and deceleration time, in d-q coordinate system current value I d, Iq, produce alternating component sometimes, might cause that the flase drop of detection of loss of mains is surveyed.Such situation is not handled by do not carry out detection of loss of mains in the acceleration and deceleration process, and detects beyond the acceleration and deceleration process, thereby can carry out detection of loss of mains.

Here, at Fig. 4 or the flow chart that is used for detection of loss of mains shown in Figure 6, when d-q coordinate system current detecting goes out alternating component, only detect the device of characteristic frequency composition at STP5, can improve the detection of loss of mains precision by using band pass filter or FFT (high speed Fourier transformation) etc.As an example of special component, can enumerate 2 overtones bands of the electric voltage frequency of current converter output.This is because for example if the motor of 4 utmost points then comprises the 2 overtones band compositions of speed of the voltage of current converter output in the d-q coordinate system electric current when step-out in large quantities.When decision characteristic frequency composition, as an example, the method for decision such as the number of poles of with good grounds motor.

As the step failing out detecting method in the example 1, the method of using q shaft current value has been described, and the error of use d shaft current value or d shaft current value command value and d shaft current, the error of q shaft current command value and q shaft current also can be carried out same detection of loss of mains.Here, so-called d shaft current command value and q shaft current command value are when the drive controlling synchronous motor, are used for suitably controlling the command value of synchronous motor, are the values according to the operating condition decision of synchronous motor.

Use the error of d shaft current command value and d shaft current, when the error of q shaft current command value and q shaft current is carried out detection of loss of mains, the d-q coordinate electric current that 3 phases, the 2 phase inversion devices 11 as the d-q coordinate transformation device of asking use the current value of the three-phase of obtaining from phase current arithmetic unit 10 to be transformed to the current value of d-q coordinate system obtain and the error of d-q coordinate current instruction value, detect the alternating component of resulting d-q shaft current error, the some at least and step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily that detects in the d-q shaft current error alternating component is compared, detect step-out.

When using q shaft current value in detection of loss of mains, the q shaft current is suitable with the torque composition of the electric current that flows through in synchronous motor.Therefore the situation that produces big alternating component in the q shaft current is the big situation of output cogging of motor, and is suitable with the remarkable action situation.Here, even when constant action, because the change of load torque and alternating component takes place in the q shaft current, but compare very little with the alternating component that is taken place when the step-out.As described above, since the action of the variation of q shaft current and motor with related, when therefore being easy to distinguish just often with step-out.Therefore in detection of loss of mains, use the device of q shaft current to carry out the setting of step-out level easily.

In addition, when in detection of loss of mains, using the d shaft current, produce alternating component when coexisting step-out mutually with the q shaft current, therefore can carry out detection of loss of mains in the same manner with the q shaft current owing to the d shaft current.

In addition, under the situation of using d shaft current and two kinds of electric currents of q shaft current, therefore will improve the detection of loss of mains precision owing to detect step-out according to a plurality of information.With coordinate transform or arithmetic expression, at least one detection limit that is transformed to beyond d shaft current or the q shaft current uses also identical d shaft current value and q shaft current value.

In addition, d shaft current and q shaft current generally are defined as the d axle to the pole orientation of motor rotor, leading 90 degree phase places are defined as the q axle from the d axle along direction of rotation.But, when driving synchronous motor with position-sensor-free, owing to be difficult to correctly detect the d-q axle, therefore as the coordinate system in the control, sometimes also the axle suitable with the d axle is defined as the δ axle, the axle suitable with the q axle is defined as the γ axle, in δ-γ axis coordinate system, also can enough same structures realizes certainly.

In above-mentioned example, d-q shaft current alternating component equalization the time, the absolute value of the alternating component by obtaining the d-q shaft current, its absolute value filtering, obtain the alternating component mean value of d-q shaft current, and also can be in the hope of the effective value of d-q shaft current alternating component, as the alternating component mean value of d-q shaft current.

Example 2

Fig. 7,8 illustrates example 2, and Fig. 7 illustrates the structure of current converter, and Fig. 8 is the flow process that detection of loss of mains is handled.Among Fig. 7, the 1st, DC power source unit, the 2nd, current converter, the 3rd, a plurality of switch elements, 3a is a U phase side switch element, and 3b is a V phase side switch element, and 3c is a W phase side switch element, 3d is a U phase side switch element, and 3e is a V phase side switch element, and 3f is a W phase side switch element.The 4th, a plurality of fly-wheel diodes that are connected in parallel with a plurality of switch elements 3, the 5th, the converter main circuit that constitutes by a plurality of switch elements 3 and a plurality of fly-wheel diode 4, the 6th, DC brushless motor.

7a is the current sensing means that detects the phase current in the electric current that flow into DC brushless motor 6,7b is the current sensing means that detects the phase current different with current sensing means 7a, the 8th, and according to converter control device by the switch element 3 in the detected current value break-make control of current sensing means 7a, the 7b converter main circuit 5.

The 9th, be used for pwm signal generating means according to the pwm signal of the output voltage command value make-and-break control switch element of in converter control device 8, obtaining 3, the 10th, from using current sensing means 7a, the current value of the detected two-phase part of 7b is asked the phase current arithmetic unit of three-phase electricity flow valuve, the 11st, be the three-phase current value transform of obtaining by phase current arithmetic unit 10 3 phases, the 2 phase inversion devices as the d-q coordinate transformation device of the current value of d-q coordinate system, the 12nd, according to by 3 mutually the d-q coordinate system current value obtained of 2 phase inversion devices 11 ask the voltage instruction value arithmetic unit of the output voltage command value of the d-q coordinate system that is used to drive DC brushless motor, the 13rd, ask the output voltage vector arithmetic unit of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value of the d-q coordinate system of obtaining by voltage instruction value arithmetic unit 12, the 14th, detect the dc voltage detecting device of the direct voltage of DC power supply 1.

The 17th, the size of the output voltage vector Vx* that obtains from voltage vector arithmetic unit 13 | the output voltage abnormal detector that Vx*| and detection of loss of mains level V_Error_Level compare, the 18th, according to the step-out detection apparatus of the comparative result detection step-out that obtains from electric voltage exception checkout gear 17.

Use the as above action of the current converter of formation of Fig. 7 explanation.Among the figure, current converter 2 usefulness current sensing means 7a, 7b detect the electric current of the two-phase part in the phase current that flow into DC brushless motor 6.Change of current control device 8 is in order to drive DC brushless motor 6, use the electric current of detected two-phase part, for example U phase current Iu and V phase current Iv, ask output voltage command value such as the magnitude of voltage of converter main circuit 5 output and voltage-phase by computing, output is used for the pwm signal of the switch element 3 in the break-make control converter main circuit 5.

In change of current control device 8, by the action output pwm signal of the following stated.According to by the detected phase current Iu of current sensing means 7a, 7b, Iv, in phase current arithmetic unit 10, ask phase current Iu, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part, phase current Iu, Iv, the Iw of three-phase part are transformed to electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system by 3 phases, 2 phase inversion devices 11.Voltage instruction value arithmetic unit 12 is asked output voltage command value Vd*, Vq* the d-q coordinate system from electric current I d, the Iq of d-q coordinate system by computing, and output voltage vector arithmetic unit 13 is asked output voltage vector Vx* from output voltage command value Vd*, the Vq* of d-q coordinate system by computing.Direct voltage Vdc and the output voltage vector Vx* of pwm signal generating means 9 from being obtained by dc voltage detecting device 14 asks the pwm signal that is used for make-and-break control switch element 3 line output of going forward side by side.

According to the pwm signal of pwm signal generating means 9 outputs, the switch element 3 in the converter main circuit 5 carries out on-off action.According to the on-off action of switch element 3, to DC brushless motor 6 supply capabilities, drive DC brushless motor from converter main circuit 5.

The output voltage vector Vx* that obtains from output voltage vector arithmetic unit 13 obtains the size of vector output voltage abnormal detector 17 | after the Vx*|, V_Error_Level compares with the step-out level, when step-out level V_Error_Level descends as step-out.On the other hand, if surpassed step-out level V_Error_Level then normally carried out run-in synchronism.

In step-out detection apparatus 18, as the result of output voltage abnormal detector processing, | when Vx*| drops to step-out level V_Error_Level, as step-out, to pwm signal generating means 9 output abnormality stop signals.Pwm signal generating means 9 receives when abending signal, the signal that output all disconnects the switch element 3 in the converter main circuit 5, the action of shutdown switch element.In addition, meanwhile also stop the action of change of current control device.Can carry out detection of loss of mains by such action.

Use Fig. 8, the example as the step-out detection apparatus of example 2 is described.Fig. 8 is the flow chart that the flow process of detection of loss of mains processing is shown.Among Fig. 8, STP1 is that detection of loss of mains begins to handle, and STP13 is that output voltage vector detects processing, STP14 is that the size detection of output voltage vector is handled, STP15 is a step-out level comparison process, and STP7 is that PWM stops to handle, STP8 is that abnormal ending is handled, and STP9 is that normal termination is handled.

The beginning detection of loss of mains is handled in STP1, detect to detect in handling at the output vector of STP13 and obtain output voltage vector Vx*, in the size detection of the output vector of STP14 is handled, ask the size of detected output voltage vector in 13 from output voltage vector arithmetic unit 13 | Vx*|.In the step-out level ratio of STP15 is handled the size of output voltage vector | Vx*| and step-out level V_Error_Level compare, and as step-out, enter into STP7 when | Vx*|＜V_Error_Level.On the other hand, exist | enter into STP9 as normally carrying out run-in synchronism during Vx*|＞V_Error_Level.

In the PWM of STP7 stops to handle,, the pwm signal of pwm signal generating means 9 outputs all is changed to halted state, and then stops the action of change of current control device when when STP6 is judged as step-out.In the abnormal ending of STP8 is handled as step-out abnormal ending detection of loss of mains.In the normal termination of STP9 is handled,, finish detection of loss of mains and handle as carrying out regular event.

When driving DC brushless motor, when reducing necessary output voltage, can not continue run-in synchronism and cause step-out in order to continue run-in synchronism.Therefore can detect step-out according to this phenomenon.This detection can realize in the action shown in the example 2.Here, owing to size according to the operating condition output voltage vector | the Vx*| difference, therefore set step-out level V_Error_Level according to operating condition.

As described above, the output voltage vector that is produced when detecting the normal synchronized running and during step-out | Vx*|'s is poor, detect the step-out of DC brushless motor, therefore compare and to carry out detection of loss of mains more accurately with the detection of loss of mains of carrying out according to the overcurrent phenomenon in the past.

In addition,, therefore do not need devices such as induced voltage apparatus for predicting, handle thereby can simplify detection of loss of mains owing in change of current control device 8, use the variable that in the computing of output voltage command value, uses.

Here, enumerated DC brushless motor as the example of the invention process form 1 and example 2 synchronous motors, even and permanent magnet type synchro motor or synchronous magnetic resistance motor, switched reluctance machines etc. can certainly obtain same effect.

As an example of the device of the step-out detection apparatus that has carried synchronous motor of the present invention, enumerated the compressor drive apparatus of refrigerator or air conditioner.By carrying in the compressor drive apparatus, can improve the compressor noise that when continuing step-out, is produced, because the damage of the refrigerant pipe that the vibration of compressor causes, the degaussing of the magnet that in the rotor of motor, uses or because the problems such as destruction of the semiconductor element of the current converter that the electric current increase causes.Thus, can realize refrigerator or the air conditioner that reliability is high.

As an example of the device of the step-out detection apparatus that has carried synchronous motor of the present invention, enumerated the fan drive device of refrigerator or air conditioner.By carrying in the fan drive device, can improve the fan electromotor noise that when continuing step-out, is produced, the vibration of fan, the degaussing of the magnet that in the rotor of motor, uses or because the problems such as destruction of the semiconductor element of the current converter that the electric current increase causes.Thus, can realize refrigerator or the air conditioner that reliability is high.

The step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is by possessing the current sensing means of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transformation device; At least a certain side of the above-mentioned d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from electric current alternating component checkout gear compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out, can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplifying.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is by possessing the current sensing means of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transformation device; Ask the effective value or the average absolute of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from electric current alternating component checkout gear, the alternating component equilibration device of d-q shaft current alternating component equalization; At least one side of the mean value of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from the alternating component equilibration device compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out, can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplifying.In addition, owing to the value of in detecting employed value, using equalization, therefore can prevent because the step-out flase drop that the load torque of synchronous motor changes or variation in voltage causes is surveyed.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is by possessing the current sensing means of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the current error arithmetic unit of the error of the d-q coordinate electric current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transformation device and d-q coordinate current instruction value; The current error alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current error that detection obtains from the current error arithmetic unit; At least a certain side of the d-q shaft current error alternating component that obtains from current error alternating component checkout gear compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out, can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplifying.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention only detects specific frequency content by from d-q coordinate system current detecting alternating component the time, can improve the detection of loss of mains precision.

In addition, 2 overtones bands of the electric voltage frequency of the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention by specific frequency content being taken as current converter output can improve the detection of loss of mains precision.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention only detects specific frequency content by when detecting the alternating component of d-q shaft current error, can improve the detection of loss of mains precision.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention be taken as by the detection of loss of mains level of comparing with the mean value of q shaft current alternating component synchronous motor rated current about 200%, can not be subjected to the influence of load torque or direct voltage change, detect step-out reliably.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is difficult to carry out under the situation of detection of loss of mains when low speed, carries out the detection of step-out by just accelerate to constant action revolution after just starting, and can carry out the detection of step-out.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention under the situation that the flase drop that can cause detection of loss of mains is surveyed, is handled by carry out detection of loss of mains beyond the acceleration and deceleration process when the acceleration and deceleration synchronous motor, can carry out the detection of step-out.

In addition, the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, by possess the current sensing means of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Ask the output voltage command value arithmetic unit of the output voltage command value that joins the synchronous motor according to the current signal that obtains from current sensing means; Ask the output voltage vector arithmetic unit of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value that obtains from output voltage ordering calculation device; The output voltage abnormal detector that the size of the output voltage vector that obtains from the output voltage vector arithmetic unit is compared with the detection of loss of mains level; Step-out detection apparatus according to the comparative result detection step-out that obtains from the output voltage abnormal detector can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplifying.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, by possess the current detecting step of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from the current detecting step d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transform step to detect step; The a certain at least side who detects the above-mentioned d-q shaft current alternating component that step obtains from the electric current alternating component compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out, can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplification.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, by possess the current detecting step of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from the current detecting step d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the electric current alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transform step to detect step; Ask the effective value or the average absolute that detect the d-q shaft current alternating component that step obtains from the electric current alternating component, the average step of alternating component of d-q shaft current alternating component equalization; At least one side of the mean value of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from the average step of alternating component compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out, can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplifying.In addition, owing to the value of in detecting employed value, using equalization, therefore can prevent because the step-out flase drop that the load torque of synchronous motor changes or variation in voltage causes is surveyed.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, by possess the current detecting step of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from the current detecting step d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current); Ask the current error calculation step of the error of the d-q coordinate electric current that obtains from the d-q coordinate transform step and d-q coordinate current instruction value; The current error alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current error that detection obtains from the current error calculation step detects step; The a certain at least side who detects the d-q shaft current error alternating component that step obtains from the current error alternating component compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out, can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplification.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention only detects specific frequency content by from d-q coordinate system current detecting alternating component the time, can improve the detection of loss of mains precision.

In addition, 2 overtones bands of the electric voltage frequency of the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention by specific frequency content being taken as current converter output can improve the detection of loss of mains precision.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention only detects specific frequency content by when detecting the alternating component of d-q shaft current error, can improve the detection of loss of mains precision.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention be taken as by the detection of loss of mains level of comparing with the mean value of q shaft current alternating component synchronous motor rated current about 200%, can not be subjected to the influence of load torque or direct voltage change, detect step-out reliably.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is difficult to carry out under the situation of detection of loss of mains when low speed, carry out the detection of step-out by after just starting, just accelerating to constant action revolution, can carry out the detection of step-out, can carry out the detection of step-out.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention under the situation that the flase drop that can cause detection of loss of mains is surveyed, is handled by carry out detection of loss of mains beyond the acceleration and deceleration process when the acceleration and deceleration synchronous motor, can carry out the detection of step-out.

In addition, the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor of the present invention is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, by possess the current detecting step of the electric current that detection flows through in synchronous motor; Ask the output voltage command value calculation step of the output voltage command value that joins the synchronous motor according to the current signal that obtains from the current detecting step; Ask the output voltage vector calculation step of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value that obtains from output voltage ordering calculation step; The output voltage abnormality detection step that the size of the output voltage vector that obtains from the output voltage vector calculation step is compared with the detection of loss of mains level; Detection of loss of mains step according to the comparative result detection step-out that obtains from output voltage abnormality detection step can detect step-out accurately with the structure of simplifying.In addition, can prevent to continue the degaussing or because the destruction of the converter main circuit component that the electric current increase causes of the magnet in the rotor that desynchronizing state produced.In addition, can also prevent the noise or the vibration of the synchronous motor that lasting desynchronizing state is produced.

The drive unit of hermetic compressor of the present invention is by having carried the step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor described in each of scheme 1～10, can improve the compressor noise that when continuing step-out, is produced, the damage of the refrigerator pipes that the vibration of compressor causes, the degaussing of the magnet that in the rotor of motor, uses or because the problems such as destruction of the semiconductor element of the current converter that the electric current increase causes.Thus, can realize refrigerator or the air conditioner that reliability is high.

The drive unit of fan electromotor of the present invention is by having carried the step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor described in each of scheme 1～10, can improve the fan electromotor noise that when continuing step-out, is produced, the vibration of fan, the degaussing of the magnet that in the rotor of motor, uses or because the problems such as destruction of the semiconductor element of the current converter that the electric current increase causes.Thus, can realize refrigerator or the air conditioner that reliability is high.

Claims (22)

1. the step-out detection apparatus of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current sensing means of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from above-mentioned current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current);

Ask the electric current alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from above-mentioned d-q coordinate transformation device;

At least a certain side of the above-mentioned d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from above-mentioned electric current alternating component checkout gear compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out.

2. the step-out detection apparatus of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current sensing means of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from above-mentioned current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current);

Ask the electric current alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from above-mentioned d-q coordinate transformation device;

Ask the effective value or the average absolute of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from above-mentioned electric current alternating component checkout gear, the alternating component equilibration device of d-q shaft current alternating component equalization;

At least one side of the mean value of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from above-mentioned alternating component equilibration device compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out.

3. the step-out detection apparatus of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current sensing means of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from above-mentioned current sensing means the d-q coordinate transformation device of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current);

Ask the current error arithmetic unit of the error of the d-q coordinate electric current that obtains from above-mentioned d-q coordinate transformation device and d-q coordinate current instruction value;

The current error alternating component checkout gear of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current error that detection obtains from above-mentioned current error arithmetic unit;

At least a certain side of the d-q shaft current error alternating component that obtains from above-mentioned current error alternating component checkout gear compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out.

4. the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterised in that:

From above-mentioned d-q coordinate system current detecting alternating component the time, only detect specific frequency content.

5. the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor according to claim 4 is characterised in that:

Above-mentioned specific frequency content is taken as 2 overtones bands of the electric voltage frequency of above-mentioned current converter output.

6. the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor according to claim 3 is characterised in that:

When detecting the alternating component of above-mentioned d-q shaft current error, only detect specific frequency content.

7. the step-out detection apparatus of synchronous motor according to claim 2 is characterised in that:

The detection of loss of mains level of comparing with the mean value of above-mentioned q shaft current alternating component be taken as synchronous motor rated current about 200%.

8. according to the step-out detection apparatus of each described synchronous motor of claim 1～3, be characterised in that:

When low speed, be difficult to carry out under the situation of detection of loss of mains, after just starting, just accelerate to constant action revolution and carry out the detection of step-out.

9. according to the step-out detection apparatus of each described synchronous motor of claim 1～3, be characterised in that:

When the acceleration and deceleration synchronous motor, under the situation that the flase drop that can cause detection of loss of mains is surveyed, beyond the acceleration and deceleration process, carry out detection of loss of mains and handle.

10. the step-out detection apparatus of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current sensing means of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Ask the output voltage command value arithmetic unit of the output voltage command value that joins the above-mentioned synchronous motor according to the current signal that obtains from above-mentioned current sensing means;

Ask the output voltage vector arithmetic unit of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value that obtains from above-mentioned output voltage ordering calculation device;

The output voltage abnormal detector that the size of the output voltage vector that obtains from above-mentioned output voltage vector arithmetic unit is compared with the detection of loss of mains level;

Detect the step-out detection apparatus of step-out according to the comparative result that obtains from above-mentioned output voltage abnormal detector.

11. the step failing out detecting method of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current detecting step of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from above-mentioned current detecting step the d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current);

Ask the electric current alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from above-mentioned d-q coordinate transform step to detect step;

Compare with the step-out level signal of setting the arbitrarily detection of loss of mains step of detection step-out of a certain at least side who detects the above-mentioned d-q shaft current alternating component that step obtains from above-mentioned electric current alternating component.

12. the step failing out detecting method of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current detecting step of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from above-mentioned current detecting step the d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current);

Ask the electric current alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current that obtains from above-mentioned d-q coordinate transform step to detect step;

Ask the effective value or the average absolute that detect the d-q shaft current alternating component that step obtains from above-mentioned electric current alternating component, the average step of alternating component of d-q shaft current alternating component equalization;

At least one side of the mean value of the d-q shaft current alternating component that obtains from the average step of above-mentioned alternating component compared with the step-out level signal of setting arbitrarily detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out.

13. the step failing out detecting method of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current detecting step of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Is the current signal coordinate transform that obtains from above-mentioned current detecting step the d-q coordinate transform step of exciting current composition (d shaft current) and torque current composition (q shaft current);

Ask the current error calculation step of the error of the d-q coordinate electric current that obtains from above-mentioned d-q coordinate transform step and d-q coordinate current instruction value;

The current error alternating component of the alternating component of the d-q shaft current error that detection obtains from above-mentioned current error calculation step detects step;

Compare with the step-out level signal of setting the arbitrarily detection of loss of mains step of detection step-out of a certain at least side who detects the d-q shaft current error alternating component that step obtains from above-mentioned current error alternating component.

14. the step failing out detecting method according to claim 11 or 12 described synchronous motors is characterised in that:

From above-mentioned d-q coordinate system current detecting alternating component the time, only detect specific frequency content.

15. the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor according to claim 14 is characterised in that:

Above-mentioned specific frequency content is taken as 2 overtones bands of the electric voltage frequency of above-mentioned current converter output.

16. the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor according to claim 13 is characterised in that:

When detecting the alternating component of above-mentioned d-q shaft current error, only detect specific frequency content.

17. the step failing out detecting method of synchronous motor according to claim 12 is characterised in that:

The detection of loss of mains level of comparing with the mean value of above-mentioned q shaft current alternating component be taken as synchronous motor rated current about 200%.

18. the step failing out detecting method according to each described synchronous motor of claim 11～13 is characterised in that:

When low speed, be difficult to carry out under the situation of detection of loss of mains, after just starting, just accelerate to constant action revolution and carry out the detection of step-out.

19. the step failing out detecting method according to each described synchronous motor of claim 11～13 is characterised in that:

When the acceleration and deceleration synchronous motor, under the situation that the flase drop that can cause detection of loss of mains is surveyed, beyond the acceleration and deceleration process, carry out detection of loss of mains and handle.

20. the step failing out detecting method of a synchronous motor is not using the position transducer that is used for the detection rotor position to drive the current converter of synchronous motor, is characterised in that to possess:

The current detecting step of the electric current that detection is flow through in above-mentioned synchronous motor;

Ask the output voltage command value calculation step of the output voltage command value that joins the above-mentioned synchronous motor according to the current signal that obtains from above-mentioned current detecting step;

Ask the output voltage vector calculation step of output voltage vector according to the output voltage command value that obtains from above-mentioned output voltage ordering calculation step;

The output voltage abnormality detection step that the size of the output voltage vector that obtains from above-mentioned output voltage vector calculation step is compared with the detection of loss of mains level;

Detect the detection of loss of mains step of step-out according to the comparative result that obtains from above-mentioned output voltage abnormality detection step.

21. the drive unit of a hermetic compressor is characterised in that:

Carried the step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor described in each of claim 1～10.

22. the drive unit of a fan electromotor is characterised in that:

Carried the step-out detection apparatus of the synchronous motor described in each of claim 1～10.

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