CN1396890A - Water treatment unit - Google Patents

Water treatment unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1396890A
CN1396890A CN01804298A CN01804298A CN1396890A CN 1396890 A CN1396890 A CN 1396890A CN 01804298 A CN01804298 A CN 01804298A CN 01804298 A CN01804298 A CN 01804298A CN 1396890 A CN1396890 A CN 1396890A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
reactor
equipment
water
filtration unit
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN01804298A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
乌尔苏拉·施利斯曼
瓦尔特·特罗斯
维尔纳·施特纳德
诺贝特·斯特龙
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of CN1396890A publication Critical patent/CN1396890A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
    • B01D33/21—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with hollow filtering discs transversely mounted on a hollow rotary shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/58—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element
    • B01D33/68—Retarding cake deposition on the filter during the filtration period, e.g. using stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/70—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D33/72—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B01D33/727—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices for feeding provoking a tangential stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/20—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/16—Rotary, reciprocated or vibrated modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/18—Use of gases
    • B01D2321/185—Aeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/20—By influencing the flow
    • B01D2321/2008—By influencing the flow statically
    • B01D2321/2025—Tangential inlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/20—By influencing the flow
    • B01D2321/2033—By influencing the flow dynamically
    • B01D2321/2041—Mixers; Agitators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
    • C02F2301/066—Overpressure, high pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/18—Removal of treatment agents after treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/286—Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved water treatment unit, comprising a reactor and a filter device, which can be used, for example, for production of drinking water or for effluent treatment.

Description

Water treating equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to treating water, particularly the equipment of sewage and tap water and using the method for carrying out water treatment under this equipment.
Background technology
When water treatment, cherish its essence and carry out the processing of water with application purpose such as the purpose that adapts of certain requirement under the various situations.The method of processing drinking water comprises for example flocculence, filtration method, aeration, deferrization method, demanganize method, deoxidation method, sterilization, bonderizing, denitrogenation and fluorination method.Sewage is to make water (waste water) that its natural constituents changes and the contaminated slightly rainwater that flows down from building surface and the snow-broth of thawing by life, commercial, industry, agricultural or other application, and wherein the kind of dirt and concentration depend on the source of sewage fully.Adopt physics, chemistry and/or biological method when sewage disposal, these methods are used together usually so that obtain high purification and are renderd a service.In chemical process, nuisance is converted into the form that is easy to remove or harmless reaction product.So for example adopt the reaction that produces oxidation, reduction or form insoluble compound.
In biological method, metabolism under the regeneration of biomass is harmless compound to organism by tiny biology and microorganism.Basically be divided into aerobic and the anaerobism sewage disposal.Aerobic sewage disposal is to carry out under the purpose of component of oxygen consumed cherishing to reduce as far as possible, and wherein organism is reduced under the condition that forms carbonic acid gas, water, nitrate and vitriol by the biology that participates in degraded.The most basic precondition of aerobic operation system is to feed enough air (perhaps rich oxygen containing air or purity oxygen).Same anaerobism sewage disposal, promptly organic biological degradation is also more and more meaningful under the condition of getting rid of oxygen, and wherein not only can use oxygen is deleterious obligate anaerobe to it, but also can use amphimicrobe.Anaerobic degradation is fermenting process (for example pure fermentation, acetic acid fermentation, lactic fermentation, an acetone etc.).
In the physical method of sewage purification, the sewage composition adopts diverse ways to concentrate according to its physicals such as particle size, density and settling velocity.To this, can enumerate solid additive (for example adsorb, filtration, ion-exchange), liquid adjuvants (extraction), gas auxiliary agent (flotation, desorb), heat (distillation, evaporation) or gravity (deposit, floating) all methods of using as separating agent.Especially, also can use the film type separating technology, promptly carry out the method for sepn process by means of film.
Use the method and apparatus of film type separating technology to carry out water treatment in many science and industrial application.Separating step is divided into micro-filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis according to separation extreme in the film type separating technology.Can isolate the particle that particle size reaches 5 nanometers by means of these methods.Solids is stopped by film, and filtered liquid is by this film.Cause forming tectum (also be known as film send out dirty smelly) by so-called concentration difference, its structure is subjected to the influence of different operating mode.As the routine operation mode, dead-end filtration and cross-flow filtration are succeedd.Difference between them is that mainly dead-end filtration does not produce the mandatory inflow of film, so tectum can uncontrolledly increase, and in cross-flow filtration, film is parallel to the surface targetedly and is submerged, and can control tectal formation whereby.Yet, after the long operating time, the minimizing of filtrate flow appears, and this causes owing to forming two-sided tectum.Therefore, proved that periodicity not only can obtain high and stable filtrate flow the short period of time to post-flush (Rueckspuelen) at dead-end filtration but also in cross-flow filtration.For example about 100 to 150l/m 2The permeable membranes of the filtrate flow of h and 3 to 5 crust are depressed, and the required unit energy of cross-stream ultrafiltration is 3 to 7kWh/m 3And dead-end filtration about 50 to 80l/m 2The permeable membrane of the filtrate flow of h and 0.5 to 2 crust is depressed, and has about 0.1 to 0.5kWh/m 3Comparable value.Cause disadvantageous Cost Status under this is worth at high volume flow and low new wound (as at area and/or industrial sewage purification the time or obtain in the tap water by waters, the face of land be this situation).High cost of investment also occurs for dead-end filtration, but have low running cost in this respect again.Yet this filter type can not be implemented in range of application, may cause operational problem because form tectal tendency.Staggered form filters and is more suitable in above-mentioned range of application industrial, but causes high running cost.Therefore, increased the so-called immerseable system of using in recent years.This system is avoided liquid phase recirculation and so acquisition running cost lower than cross-stream system constantly.Here can use different form of film,, wherein can obtain transmissibility film pressure reduction in the filtrate side by the low pressure that in height produces about 0.5 to 0.9 crust as hollow fiber, tubulose or disk shape.This immerseable system for example can be used in the active treating pond of sewage purifier, so because the air blast of carrying out here (Begasung) may reduce tectal formation to a certain extent by moving of liquid phase.Yet forming by not controlled tectum that the filtrate flow that causes little by little obviously reduces is this switching architecture economic major obstacle of using in sewage purifier.
Described a kind of filtration module in DE 196 241 76 C2, it is made up of the box body that contains the flaky flat film of circle, wherein feeding expect can be all sidedly from outside flow through this film.Permeate stream is by in the middle of the collection tube inflow pipe at center.When this strainer was operated as cross-flow filter, it also caused the problems referred to above, promptly very high cost of energy.The physical damage that on high flooding velocity and feeding material solution the past side inflow, may occur single disk shape film especially.
Summary of the invention
Technical barrier based on the present invention provides a kind of water treatment equally, particularly filters the economic means and the cheap apparatus of high volume flow under low new wound is worth, and it is used for purifying local and industrial sewage or by waters, face of land acquisition tap water especially.
According to the present invention, technical barrier based on the present invention is following solution, a kind for the treatment of water promptly is provided, the equipment of sewage or process water particularly, this equipment comprises reactor and keeps the filtration unit of fluid connection with reactor, wherein this filtration unit is installed in the reactor bottom zone or also has a filtering element that is connected with the rotation consolidated form with rotatable hollow carrier below it at least, its inner inside with carrier keeps fluid connection mutually, can enter the internal space of carrier like this from the filtrate of at least one filtering element inside, and from discharging here.The filtration unit of the present invention suggestion the reactor bottom zone or below the layout of (in inside reactor or outside) can press in hydrostatic pressure and/or the hydrodynamic force that advantageously utilize being used for of in many process units, existing on whole filtering element, to produce permeable membrane pressure reduction on the energy.The combination of filtration unit of the present invention and reactor can be used for the film isolation technique for the first time economically under low new wound is worth, for example at decontaminating liquid or suspension, particularly place or industrial sewage or when obtaining tap water, filter big volume flow by waters, the face of land, wherein said filtration unit is designed to have the module of the filtration disk that piles up in preferred embodiment, this filtration disk not only can be by inorganic but also can be prepared by organic materials.According to the present invention, in preferred embodiment, be installed in the filtering element on the carrier, i.e. filtration unit, particularly at the lower region of reactor, immerse in liquid to be filtered or the suspension and a preferred motor transmission one around the longitudinal axis rotation of carrier.Equally also the filtering element that filtration unit promptly is installed on the carrier can be arranged in housing, in the preferred cylindrical shell, and be positioned at the bottom of reactor.In these embodiments, for example pipeline or flexible pipe interconnect through influx and spout for filtration unit and reactor.This housing is filled by suspension to be filtered, and the carrier that for example rotates around the longitudinal axis by means of electric motor wherein is installed.By at least one rotation be fixedly mounted in filtration disk on the carrier suck filtered liquid and by with filter disk and from device of the present invention, discharge through the tubular shaft that fluid is communicated with.Walk around the filter disk or filtering the liquid movement between the disk and can stop tectal formation very effectively by what produce when rotated by the centrifugal force that on disk, acts on.Filtering necessary transmissibility film pressure reduction applies low pressure on for example by the filtered liquid side at this device and carries out in the filtration unit that the present invention uses.Yet preferred as mentioned above the utilization in many hydrostatic or hydrodynamic forces of existing in the equipment of apparatus of the present invention of being considered as pressed as transmissibility film pressure reduction.Modern sewage disposal device for example has and highly reaches 20 meters active purification reactor, and therefore, because the hydrostatic pressures of 2 crust almost, it is possible forming permeable membrane pressure reduction so.In addition, in the reactor of aerobic operation, usually produce by means of speed for example and be used for the airy gas phase up to what the spouting of liquid of 20m/s disperseed to apply.So the filtration unit that uses as the present invention is installed in the nozzle that is used to introduce liquid and/or gas or gaseous mixture such as air, in the time of for example in the liquid circulation before the two logical nozzles, for example can additionally produces and press up to the available hydrodynamic force of 2 crust.The present invention can advantageously will filter necessary flooding velocity and other on energy liquid movement is that rotation by filtering element produces because effectively filter required flooding velocity separately.This required pressure reduction automatically and therefore produces by the hydrostatic pressure (particularly under higher construction height and packing height) that exists seemingly at an easy rate.
Different with the known filtration unit that is used for the sewage reactor in the open source literature, equipment of the present invention also has a plurality of advantages.Compare the defective that obtains obviously low unit energy cost and do not exist filtering element to stop up with the cross-stream system.Compare with flat sheet mould of in the sewage reactor, building or Zee-Weed module, advantage is to provide in equipment of the present invention the have oxygen animalcule and the filtration of oxygen to separate, because can regulate the liquid circulation that enters and disperse gas of air, and these do not have at all related with desirable filtration effectiveness.Control tectal formation more precisely the rotation by the disk strainer realize, and therefore under the situation irrelevant, regulate with providing of oxygen animalcule arranged.In addition, can influence tectal formation by the structure example that may design like an elephant the fluid breakup machine in the filtration module.Permeable membrane pressure is to produce by the essential hydrostatic pressure that exists in the sewage reactor, and when needed can be additionally by the hydrodynamic force life of cutting down output, required when described hydrodynamic force is pressed by means of the fluid jet dispersion liquid.Therefore, different with cross-flow filtration, in the thin-film module of rotary wafer strainer, do not need the additional pressure reduction of being worth mentioning, because the fluid that does not need to pass module produces high flooding velocity, but only utilize hydrodynamic force to press, and the cross section that therefore can select enough big free-flow to cross, so in fact do not produce additional pressure reduction and so generate energy demand.Remarkable low unit energy cost when showing thus than cross-flow filtration.
Between the internal space of the internal space of carrier and filtering element, form fluid connection according to the present invention, promptly a kind of make from a space or the zone to another space or the liquid-flow in zone become possible device.So the inside of filtering element through one or more holes, the internal communication of pipeline, water drain, pipeline, boring, slit, porous zone etc. and carrier, liquid can be from the internal flow of filtering element to the internal space of carrier like this, and therefore realizes fluid connection.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, hollow carrier is a tubular shaft, for example the piped tubular shaft.In another embodiment preferred, filtering element is designed to filter disk.This filtration disk for example is designed to have the ducted body or the cavity of film or cover upper film.For example can use the industrial film that in the film isolation technique, uses usually, for example polymeric film, membrane filter, ultrafiltration membrane or micro-filtration film according to the present invention.
In another embodiment, the invention still further relates to above-mentioned water treating equipment with reactor and filtration unit, wherein hollow carrier is arranged in housing, preferably rotatably is placed in the housing, particularly cylindrical housings.This housing for example can have the influx and the spout of reactor, and liquid wherein to be filtered enters in the housing by influx, and discharges isolating solid by spout.The injection of suspension to be filtered is preferably carried out along tangent line.Therefore promote the rotation of liquid, and the mechanical load that will produce owing to the bump of suspension to be filtered is reduced to minimum.The solid that is also referred to as enriched material is discharged through the discharge line along tangent line of cylindrical wall or antetheca bottom.Filtrate is left this housing by hollow carrier.
The present invention advises that in another embodiment preferred design is useful on and influences the mobile structure in the housing of filtration unit, for example the fluid breakup plate.
In preferred embodiments, filtering element has the through hole of accepting carrier.One preferred embodiment in, this filtering element is arranged on the carrier mutually, here in another preferred scheme, the longitudinal axis of carrier is perpendicular to the upside and the downside of the filtering element that is designed to filter disk, i.e. bottom surface.
The present invention advises that also at least one filtration disk is installed on the rotatable tubular shaft in rotation fixed mode, can discharge filtrate by this tubular shaft.Especially, this tubular shaft can be designed as single-piece, and by one, in preferred embodiment, be provided with at latter center, through hole inserts at least one and filters in the disk, wherein at least one hole is in the zone of tubular shaft, and the outside surface that filters disk inside surrounds tubular shaft, and liquid can leave and filter the inside that disk enters tubular shaft like this.
Stipulate in another embodiment, carrier, particularly the polylith tubular shaft is to be made of different for example piped hollow sections, the filtering elements of different sections by between them, installing of carrier wherein, particularly filter disk separately, and as if connect in liquid to be filtered by their hydraulic seal ground.And in this scheme, design has fluid connection, for example hole between carrier inside and the filtering element inside.Enter the filtrate of filtering disk inside and leave the inside that the inside of filtering disk enters tubular shaft, and discharge from here.
In addition, the present invention stipulates that the make that filtration unit that the present invention uses can module prepares.
The filtration unit that the present invention uses not only can be aerobic but also can for example use in sewage disposal or the water treatment system in the anaerobic operation system.This filtration unit for example can be installed in the active cleansing phase of sewage purifier, and is to be used for the modernized system that biomass stopped and therefore be used for the concentrated biological amount.This filtration unit can certainly or replace predefecation to be used to separate the fluid that enters sewage purifier after predefecation according to the present invention.Therefore this fluid is separated into the filtrate (for example being transformed by aerobic) of rich carbonaceous enriched material (its by anaerobism be converted into biogas) and poor carbon in the high-efficiency sewage reactor.Naturally also device of the present invention can be used for from waters, face of land acquisition tap water.Device of the present invention also can be designed as has the device that is used to enter the structure of air and allows to carry out aerobic operation.Device of the present invention also can be designed as closed unit sealing or air-locked or is equipped with the device of sealing or air-locked reactor, perhaps allows the device of anaerobic operation by other measure.This device of mentioning at last allows to filter with low running cost in biological method (it need not atmospheric oxygen such as denitrogenation or does not have aerobic for example lactic acid, ethanol or acetone fully).
Equally the difficult problem based on the present invention is to solve by the method that a kind of water, particularly sewage and drinking water treatment are provided, and isolates filtrate in the method from the solid from water to be clean, and uses a kind of in apparatus of the present invention.Especially, the present invention relates to obtain tap water and the method for purifying waste water, according to this method, the filtration unit that the present invention uses, i.e. rotation is equipped with the hollow of at least one filtering element and rotatable regularly, for example be arranged in the carrier in the housing, basically make water to be clean only be in hydrostatic pressure and/or hydrodynamic force is depressed, and be in during the rotation that produces flooding velocity moves, discharge the filtrate that flows into hollow carrier inside by at least one filtering element by means of hollow carrier, and therefore separate with enriched material.Equally also can apply low pressure or apply overvoltage in the inflow side and replace or append above-mentioned hydrostatic pressure or hydrodynamic force is pressed in the filtrate side.
The method according to this invention, the liquid to be clean or the suspension that are in the reactor produce hydrostatic pressure, this pressure acts on the filtration unit of the present invention's use like this, promptly on whole filtering element, produce permeable membrane pressure reduction, this pressure reduction makes the filtration of liquid to be filtered and suspension become possibility on energy in an advantageous manner, wherein said filtration unit is arranged in the lower region of reactor, for example at the bottom section of reactor, perhaps be arranged in especially under the reactor when outside reactor, be communicated with reactor through syndeton then.According to the present invention, in favourable embodiment, stipulate, the filtration unit of flexible pipe preferred arrangements in housing is placed on outside the bottom of reactor of aerobic operation, one nozzle is set in the bottom of reactor so, particularly two lead to nozzles, this nozzle sprays in the reactor with air with from the enriched material of filtration unit, and therefore produces additional working pressure of giving hydrostatic pressure on this filtration unit, is similar to the hydrodynamic force pressure.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of aforesaid method, the water that wherein flows into sewage purifier is pending water, it enters the above-mentioned device that is used for treating water, reactor is designed to contain the inflow groove that flows into water in this device, and the filtrate of overflowing according to aforesaid method with the enriched material after separating flows into this inflow groove is connected in series sewage purifying reactor in, in preferred embodiments, this is the part of the another device of the present invention.Therefore, comprise the device of the present invention of two serial connections in the process that these are disposed of sewage, they have reactor and filtration unit separately.
Regulation in particularly preferred embodiments, filtration unit front or rear promptly on the pressure side or the suction side pump is installed, this pump can guarantee filtering or liquid to be filtered or suspension from the reactor to the filtration unit circulation and guarantee that part returns.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, stipulate, come the liquid to be filtered/suspension of autoreactor to import in the filtration unit through pump.Filtrate is discharged through tubular shaft, and enriched material if desired with air through nozzle, particularly two logical nozzles enter in the reactor once more, for example can obtain high microorganism cells density (Zelldichten) required in the sewage reactor here.
In another embodiment preferred, stipulate, come the liquid to be filtered/suspension of autoreactor to flow in the filtration unit of preferred arrangements in housing, wherein filtrate is discharged by tubular shaft, and enriched material arrives the nozzle of preferred arrangements at reactor bottom through pump delivery, particularly in the two logical nozzles, this nozzle is transported to this enriched material in the reactor with air.
Stipulate that in another embodiment preferred enriched material is no longer in the Returning reactor.In these embodiments, in filtration unit, this filtration unit preferred arrangements is in housing through pump delivery for the suspension to be filtered that comes autoreactor.This enriched material is discharged, for example enter in the fermentation unit, and filtrate is discharged through tubular shaft.Through pump introduce the part of suspension/liquid be not to be transported in the filtration unit, and be to be delivered directly to preferred arrangements in the nozzle of reactor bottom on the contrary, this nozzle is carried back this suspension in the reactor with air if desired again.The cell density in the conditioned reaction device controlledly by this way.
Other favourable embodiment can be known by dependent claims.
Description of drawings
With relevant therewith accompanying drawing the present invention is described by means of embodiment below.
Accompanying drawing 1 schematically shows the thin-film module with rotatable filtration disk that the present invention uses.
The different embodiments of accompanying drawing 2 to 4 expressions water treating equipment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing 1 expression is designed to the filtration unit with cylindrical housings 31 of thin-film module, and it has with respect to housing and contains the influx 5 of solid liquid to be filtered or suspension (c) and be used for the relief outlet 7 that isolating solid is an enriched material (A) along tangent line being used to of arranging.In this housing 3, rotatably the fixation hollow axle 9, and this tubular shaft has many filtration disks 11 that are connected with the rotation fixed form with tubular shaft.This filtrate (B) is discharged by tubular shaft 9.
Hollow tubular shaft 9 is that single-piece is made, and inserts in the filtration disk 11 that each comfortable center has the through hole (not shown).
The mode of operation of following description filtration unit 1:
For example build the thin-film module 1 that the reactor with aerobic operation of the present invention (not shown) uses here near adding before the nozzle in the zone of bottom in the fluid circulation near sewage purifying reactor, the fluid of pump delivery enters in the housing 3 by influx 5 like this.The enriched material that enters nozzle by relief outlet 7 is accelerated paramount speed in this nozzle, therefore produce the hydrofluidic that is used to disperse gas in reactor.The hydrodynamic force that produces is pressed and is used to form the pressure drop of transmissibility film with the hydrostatic pressure that is pressed in the generation on the thin-film module by the weighting material in the reactor, and the liquid that causes carrying filters.Therefore the inhibition tectum forms required flooding velocity also makes the filtering element rotation produce by the carrier rotation.This process same with water treating equipment in liquid circulation irrelevant, and therefore aspect energy with the liquid circulation disengaging.Filtrate pours into its inside by filtering disk 11, also discharges by this tubular shaft by the inside of filtering the fluid connection inflow tubular shaft 9 between disk 11 and the ducted body 9.Solid leaves housing 3 by relief outlet 7.In the method, tubular shaft 9 with also can rotate with the filtration disk 11 that is connected of rotation fixed form with it, therefore produce and can reduce or avoid filtering the tectal flooding velocity of formation on the disk 11.Therefore according to the present invention, this flooding velocity also can produce by the rotation of tubular shaft, and with the inflow velocity of suspension to be filtered with flow into volume and break away from.Therefore, flooding velocity can freely be selected.This method can be come functioning example such as drinking water treatment equipment or sewage purifier with remarkable improved operating method on energy.
Accompanying drawing 2 schematically shows water treating equipment 100 of the present invention, and it comprises the reactor 40 and the filtration unit 1 of aerobic operation.Reactor is the sewage reactor, and is designed to have the loop reactor of internal flow guider 50.Therefore content in the reactor forms violent the mixing around movement-oriented device 50 upsets.Water-in 110 and water outlet 120 same 30 places, bottom at reactor 40.The packing height of reactor is H, wherein preferred high as far as possible packing height.
The running of the circulating fluid that exists in the reactor 40 by spray at reactor bottom 30 liquid-airstream carry out.This is sucked sewage at 30 places, bottom by the pump 70 that is arranged in outside the reactor 40, be transported in the nozzle 60 of reactor bottom installation through pipeline 35 and 37, sewage sprays in the reactor 40 with higher speed in this nozzle, therefore realizes the abundant dispersion of gas with inhaled air 80.Has the thin-film module 1 that is arranged in below the reactor between pump 70 and the nozzle 60.This thin-film module 1 be in sewage reactor 40 liquid column hydrostatic pressure and depress by the hydrodynamic force that pump 70 produces by means of nozzle 60.These two kinds of pressure produce the pressure drop of transmissibility film, and this pressure drop can inexpensive way be carried out sewage water filtration.Filtrate flow B is discharged by tubular shaft 9, and concentration logistics A enters in the nozzle 60, and sprays in the reactor 40 with air 80.
Accompanying drawing 3 is represented the sewage reactor 40 identical with accompanying drawing 2 generally.Identical Reference numeral is represented structure or the identical parts of function.Different with the water treating equipment 100 of accompanying drawing 2, with reference to the accompanying drawings 3 filtration units 1 not on the pressure side at pump 70, but in the suction side, so in this embodiment only hydrostatic pressure as the pressure drop of transmissibility film.3 filtration units 1 are arranged in the housing 3 below the reactor bottom 30 that is arranged in reactor 40 equally with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The equipment of accompanying drawing 4 is represented the sewage reactor 40 identical with accompanying drawing 2 and 3 basically.Filtration unit 1 is arranged in pump 70 on the pressure side.Yet different with the equipment in the accompanying drawing 2, concentration logistics A enters nozzle 60, but leaves thin-film module 1 and for example can directly enter the mud fermentation.According to this embodiment of present device, the biomass concentration in the sewage reactor 40 can regulated at will.
Embodiment
Represent to compare present device in the advantage aspect the cost by means of the following examples and with reference to figures 1 through 4 with the cross-flow filtration of routine.
For the biological degradation of industrial sewage, adopt a kind of modern sewage purifier 100 with biological stage, it is by being formed by the loop reactor 40 and the filtering unit 1 that are occupied by oxygen animalcule.This sewage has the chemical oxygen demand (COD) (CSB) of about 7900mg/l, and with about 20000 cubic metres speed generation in every year.About 20 hours aquation under the residence time its be can 90% the degraded grade biodegradable well.The diameter of loop reactor 40 is 2 meters, and packing height is 15 meters, therefore under about 5% gas content liquid volume near 45 cubic metres.Provide oxygen for this has oxygen animalcule, must promptly carry air to this loop reactor 40 with per hour about 170 to 200 cubic metres volumetric flow rate from following at bottom section.For with this gas dispersion therefore for little bubble with set up substance exchange surface that enough big being used to provide oxygen dispels conveying by means of the hydrofluidic by nozzle 60 generations of arranging at reactor bottom 30 airflow.To this, with about 35 cubic metres/hour speed sucking-off liquid flow from loop reactor 40, and be transported in the nozzle 60 to disperse gas by pipeline 35 and 37 by means of pump 70 in bottom 30.Consequent hydrodynamic force is pressed and is amounted to about 2 crust, and barely 1.5 clings to based on the static pressure of liquid column.Can certainly under no nozzle, carry out gas dispersion, for example by means of ventilator (Begaser) as the rubber tubing of porous bottom, punching, flat board etc.The required power input of gas injection reaches 2KW approximately under the power of not considering pump, can produce thus to be lower than 50W/m 3The input of unit hydraulic power.In order to improve the active biomass in this system, give the on the pressure side outfit filtration module 1 (accompanying drawing 2) of this loop reactor 40 at pump 70.This is a circulation-disk strainer.It is made up of 10 about 1 meter long individual modules and every kind of following 100 diameter of situation about 0.15 meter and the about 0.1 micron ceramic filter disk 11 of interstitial hole diameter.This module, obtains the unit filtrate flow velocity of 701/mh like this, and the tectum of being worth mentioning do not occur forming with the speed running that per minute 220 changes by means of unshowned electric motor.The unit power that this filtration consumes is 0.13kWh/m approximately 3, do not consider motor power (output).
Use conventional cross-flow filtration to replace described circulation-disk strainer, the data below obtaining:
Employed film: have the ceramic hyperchannel element of 7 passages (diameter of each passage is 6 millimeters); 0.1 micron of average pore diameter.The length of module is 1 meter.
Under the flooding velocity of 3m/s, control tectal formation acceptably, and obtain about 701/m 2The average unit flow of filtrate of h, and therefore obtain comparable with present device in this value.In order to obtain required about 32 square metres filtering surface, must use about 240 such cross-flow filtration pipes, reach 10 one strainer tubes in each case and insert in the complete module, amounting to so needs 24 modules.The unit power demand of this cross-flow filtration is every cubic metre of about 1.2kWh, and is therefore almost high 10 times than the unit power demand under sewage reactor of the present invention and the rotation-disk combination of filters.In addition, in cross-flow filtration, also exist to need extra high volume flow (selection of pump) if defective and sewage to be clean in be easy to blocked defective when having diameter greater than the particle (being 6 millimeters in this case) of channel diameter.

Claims (27)

1, the equipment for the treatment of water, it comprises reactor and filtration unit, it is characterized in that, filtration unit (1) be arranged in (30) zone, bottom of reactor (40) or bottom below, and has a filtering element (11) that at least one is connected with the rotation fixed form with the rotatable carrier (9) of hollow, its inside inner and carrier (9) is intercommunicated by liquid phase, flows into the inside of carrier (9) and discharge from here from the inner filtrate of at least one filtering element (11) like this.
2, the equipment of claim 1, wherein filtration unit (1) is arranged in the reactor (40).
3, the equipment of claim 1, wherein filtration unit (1) is arranged in the outside of reactor (40).
4, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement, wherein reactor (40) is a loop reactor.
5, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement, wherein reactor has internal flow guider (50).
6, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement, wherein reactor (40) has nozzle (60), particularly in reactor bottom (30).
7, the equipment of claim 6, wherein nozzle (60) is two logical nozzles.
8, each equipment in the claim 3 to 7 is wherein arranged pump (70) between reactor (40) and filtration unit (1).
9, the equipment of claim 8, wherein filtration unit is arranged in the suction side of pump (70).
10, the equipment of claim 8, wherein filtration unit is arranged in pump (70) on the pressure side.
11, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement is characterized in that, filtering element (11) is to filter disk.
12, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement is characterized in that carrier (9) is a tubular shaft.
13, the equipment that one of requires of aforesaid right is characterized in that tubular shaft can be designed as single-piece, and has at least one in the connecting zone of disk (11) and can make filtrate flow cross the opening of tubular shaft (9) filtering with at least one.
14, the equipment that one of requires of aforesaid right is characterized in that, tubular shaft can be designed as multistage, and at least one filter disk (11) discontinuously and hydraulic seal be arranged between single section of tubular shaft (9).
15, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement is characterized in that, the carrier (9) that is connected rotatably with at least one filtration disk (11) is arranged in the housing (3).
16, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement is characterized in that, device (1) is designed to assembly.
17, the equipment of one of aforesaid right requirement is characterized in that having the fluidic of influence structure in housing (3).
18, the equipment of one of claim 1 to 17, wherein water is the water that flows into sewage purifier, reactor is the inflow groove that holds this water.
19, the equipment of one of claim 1 to 17, wherein water is process water or surface water, reactor is a water reservoir.
20, the equipment of one of claim 1 to 17, wherein water is that sewage and reactor are the sewage reactors.
21, the water that exists in a kind of treatment reactor, the method of sewage or process water particularly, wherein pending water is only depressed in the inflow filter at hydrostatic pressure and/or hydrodynamic force basically, this filtration unit has at least one and hollow rotatable carrier rotation fixed and through the filtering element of fluid connection, carrier is in the rotation producing flooding velocity, and will separate with enriched material from the effusive filtrate of carrier inside.
22, the method for claim 21, wherein pending water, preferably be transported in the reactor outside from reactor by means of pump, particularly in the filtration unit of arranging below, this filtration unit has at least one and hollow, preferred rotatable carrier rotation fixed and through the filtering element of fluid connection only be filtered under the influence that hydrostatic pressure and/or hydrodynamic force are pressed basically, and filtrate is discharged by carrier.
23, claim 21 or 22 method, wherein the enriched material of Huo Deing preferably is transported in the reactor once more through nozzle.
24, the method for claim 23, wherein said nozzle is transported to enriched material in the reactor with air.
25, the method for one of claim 21 to 23 wherein is not transported to the enriched material that obtains in the reactor.
26, the method for one of claim 21 to 25, wherein said water is the water that flows into sewage purifier, and be transported in the equipment of one of claim 1 to 18, reactor is designed to flow into groove in this equipment, the filtrate of discharging is transported to and flows into the active purification reactor that groove is connected in series, particularly in the another equipment of one of claim 1 to 18.
27, the method for one of claim 21 to 26 wherein is transported to enriched material in the fermentation equipment of anaerobic operation.
CN01804298A 2000-01-31 2001-01-27 Water treatment unit Pending CN1396890A (en)

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CN114616041A (en) * 2019-08-21 2022-06-10 塞罗斯有限公司 Novel filter, filter unit, treatment device, method and use

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WO2001056937A1 (en) 2001-08-09
DK1255698T3 (en) 2007-07-16
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DE50112191D1 (en) 2007-04-26
ATE356783T1 (en) 2007-04-15
EP1702664A3 (en) 2007-09-05
US20030150822A1 (en) 2003-08-14
EP1255698B1 (en) 2007-03-14
DE10004096A1 (en) 2001-08-09
EP1702664A2 (en) 2006-09-20
BR0108021A (en) 2002-10-29
CY1106489T1 (en) 2012-01-25
PT1255698E (en) 2007-06-21
ES2282239T3 (en) 2007-10-16
US7037429B2 (en) 2006-05-02

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