CN1390317A - Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same, and method for driving liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same, and method for driving liquid crystal display Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1390317A
CN1390317A CN 00814953 CN00814953A CN1390317A CN 1390317 A CN1390317 A CN 1390317A CN 00814953 CN00814953 CN 00814953 CN 00814953 A CN00814953 A CN 00814953A CN 1390317 A CN1390317 A CN 1390317A
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liquid crystal
mentioned
crystal indicator
voltage
color
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铃木大一
中尾健次
上村强
田中好纪
石原将市
服部胜治
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
    • G02F1/1395—Optically compensated birefringence [OCB]- cells or PI- cells

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A conventional OCB liquid crystal display involves a problem that a display defect occurs under a specific drive condition or in a specific temperature range and hence the contrast degrades. A liquid crystal display according to the invention has voltage applying means for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal sealed inside a liquid crystal panel and a voltage limiting circuit for maintaining the applied voltage above a predetermined voltage necessary to maintain the aligned state of the liquid crystal used for display. Therefore no display defect due to alignment transition from bend to spray occurs. The liquid crystal display further has black level voltage adjusting means for adjusting the black level display voltage at which black level display is effected or color adjusting means for adjusting the color when white is displayed. Therefore high contrast display and reliable color reproducibility are realized.

Description

The driving method of liquid crystal indicator, its manufacture method and liquid crystal indicator
Technical field
The invention relates to the invention of the liquid crystal indicator of uses such as LCD TV and portable type OA equipment.
Background technology
The general now liquid crystal indicator that uses is many based on TN type (multiple twin nematic structure type).About OCB (optical compensation flexible conduit type) type liquid crystal indicator various reports are arranged also in recent years.This mode has the wide advantage of high-speed responsive and visual angle.Details about OCB type liquid crystal indicator sees also " electrical communication association of civic organization " letter skill and reports 199 pages of EDI 98-144.
With Figure 21 existing OCB type liquid crystal indicator is done simple declaration at this.Figure 21 is existing OCB type liquid crystal indicator diagrammatic sectional view, and Figure 21 (a) does not have auxiliary voltage state diagrammatic sectional view for existing OCB type liquid crystal indicator, and Figure 21 (b) is for there being auxiliary voltage state diagrammatic sectional view.
Between the substrate 2,3 that constitutes OCB type liquid crystal indicator, inject the nematic structure liquid crystal, do not have the liquid crystal aligning of auxiliary voltage to be called heeling condition 4 (Figure 21 (a)).During energized etc., make liquid crystal layer add bigger voltage, from this tilted alignment to the bending conduit orientation transition.The mode that shows with this bending conduit state of orientation 5 is the feature of OCB mode, is the device that utilizes the size that changes voltage that the penetrability of panel is changed.Figure 22 represents the voltage-penetrability characteristic of such OCB type liquid crystal indicator.Auxiliary voltage rising penetrability reduces.
OCB type liquid crystal indicator is worked in voltage range usually so that the liquid crystal of liquid crystal panel inside keeps the bending conduit state.Just become stable owing to the tilted alignment state below the specific voltage, take place to change to tilted alignment at certain.This voltage is called shift voltage VL.Generation changes to tilted alignment from bending conduit orientation, and (shown in the auxiliary voltage＜VL), white level shows that the penetrability of (white level display) sharply reduces as Figure 22.Figure 22 is the curve of the voltage-penetrability characteristic of expression OCB liquid crystal indicator.Have the difference of angle according to the observation this moment, and situation about seeing has the very problem of big-difference.And this transformation is irreversible variation, in case produced the pixel of tilted alignment, just gets off as display defect (hot spot etc.) is remaining on liquid crystal indicator thereafter, harms normal demonstration work.
In this external TN type display device etc.,, be provided with the circuit that improves resolution sometimes in order to make the clear image of demonstration.The so-called circuit that improves resolution is meant the differential ripple is stated from the square wave of voltage between the liquid crystal substrate, drives the circuit of liquid crystal indicator.
Open in the flat 7-49509 communique the spy and to propose, with the liquid crystal indicator (identical substantially with OCB type liquid crystal indicator) of parallel friction treatment, the liquid crystal indicator of the relation of regulation is satisfied in the phasic difference that phasic difference plate and liquid crystal layer lump together.The feature of this relation is that the above-mentioned formation phasic difference in the 1st voltage is that the phasic difference in the voltage of (M λ+1)/2, the 2 is M λ/2.Wherein M is an integer, and λ is a visible wavelength.
Liquid crystal indicator need obtain irradiates light from the outside because liquid crystal itself is non-luminous.The radiation source of this external irradiation light is defined as back light member.Mainly form now by fluorescent light, light guide plate, diffuser plate, prismatic lens, polarization conversion element as the cold-cathode tube of one of back light member of main flow.
Above-mentioned OCB type liquid crystal indicator has the problem at the display defect of specific drive condition and specific range of temperatures, and the problem of contrast reduction.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the liquid crystal indicator of claim 1 invention has the voltage attachment device at the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of liquid crystal panel inner sealing, changing auxiliary voltage with this voltage attachment device shows, it is characterized in that: have voltage limiting device, use the liquid crystal aligning state in order to keep showing, the auxiliary voltage that makes above-mentioned voltage attachment device control is more than the assigned voltage of needs.
Can keep demonstration to use the liquid crystal aligning state with above-mentioned voltage limiting device, not have the liquid crystal indicator that the display defect problem takes place so can make.
Can the working voltage restricting circuits as above-mentioned voltage limiting device.
If the voltage limit adjusting gear of the limiting voltage of adjusting above-mentioned voltage limiting circuit is arranged, (for example because the situation that temperature etc. change) is more effective under the situation of afore mentioned rules change in voltage.
In above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator, be provided with under the circuit conditions that improves resolution, can keep showing the state of orientation of using liquid crystal, the problem of display defect can not take place with above-mentioned voltage limiting circuit.
If the structure that above-mentioned limiting voltage and display voltage can be adjusted separately, adjust display voltage limiting voltage is changed in addition.
The invention of claim 11 is the described liquid crystal indicators of claim 1, when it is characterized in that making the above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning state that shows to become the display orientation state, have the non-display orientation state different in the voltage below afore mentioned rules voltage with the display orientation state.
The invention of claim 12 is the described liquid crystal indicators of claim 1, when it is characterized in that the voltage of handle from above-mentioned display orientation state-transition to non-display orientation state is decided to be shift voltage, the voltage of the afore mentioned rules under each serviceability temperature is than the shift voltage height under each serviceability temperature.
The invention of claim 13 is the described liquid crystal indicators of claim 12, it is characterized in that when the above-mentioned shift voltage maximal value of serviceability temperature scope is decided to be VLmax, usually the above magnitude of voltage of VLmax at each temperature as the voltage of afore mentioned rules.
Adopt such formation, liquid crystal in the serviceability temperature scope from the display orientation state-transition to non-display orientation state, can not produce display defect.
Can constitute by the temperature-detecting device that detects serviceability temperature, the voltage adjusting device that changes afore mentioned rules voltage corresponding to above-mentioned detected temperatures in the above-described configuration.Its formation can be for, above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning state during from above-mentioned display orientation state variation to above-mentioned non-display orientation state, the recovery device of above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning state from above-mentioned non-display orientation recovering state to above-mentioned display orientation state.
The invention of claim 16 is driving methods of liquid crystal display, and it has the voltage attachment device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of sealing up for safekeeping in liquid crystal panel; Change the auxiliary voltage utilize this auxiliary voltage device to obtain and show, in order to keep the state of orientation that shows with liquid crystal, the auxiliary voltage that above-mentioned voltage attachment device is obtained is decided to be the voltage limiting device more than the assigned voltage of needs; This method is characterized in that: when making the above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning state that carries out above-mentioned demonstration be the display orientation state, have non-display orientation states different with the display orientation state when afore mentioned rules voltage is following, control above-mentioned voltage limiting device, utilize the above voltage of the additional above-mentioned assigned voltage of above-mentioned voltage attachment device to show.
Utilize such driving method to adopt above-mentioned voltage limiting device, the liquid crystal aligning state that can be kept for showing is not so can produce display defect.
The invention of claim 17 is: liquid crystal indicator, has auxiliary voltage device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of in liquid crystal panel, sealing up for safekeeping, show with above-mentioned auxiliary voltage device, it is characterized in that: when the magnitude of voltage that black level is shown (black level display) is decided to be black level display voltage value, have the black level voltage adjusting device of adjusting this black level display voltage value.
The invention of claim 18 is the described liquid crystal indicators of claim 17, it is characterized in that: when increasing the auxiliary voltage of above-mentioned liquid crystal, penetrability is in case after reducing, promptly convert increase to.
According to above-mentioned formation, can adopt and adjust the black level display voltage adjusting gear that shows the black level magnitude of voltage, adjust black level display voltage value, can keep high-contrast to show.When increasing the voltage that is attached on the liquid crystal, in a single day penetrability reduces, and can suppress to convert to the tone reversal that takes place when increasing and show.
Its formation has the above-mentioned black level display voltage value that can adjust separately and the adjusting gear that shows the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage.When adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value, show that the white level display voltage value of magnitude of voltage of white level is constant, utilize such formation not produce display defect.
During constituting, it can also have the pick-up unit that detects above-mentioned black level display voltage value.Can also have luminous flux detection device that detects luminous flux and the auxiliary voltage device that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal auxiliary voltage corresponding to above-mentioned detected luminous flux.
The invention of claim 27 is manufacture methods of liquid crystal indicator, this liquid crystal indicator has the auxiliary voltage device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel, show with above-mentioned auxiliary voltage device, also have the magnitude of voltage during that to show black level, adjust the black level of this black level display voltage and adjust voltage device as black level display voltage value; This method is characterized in that having the operation of adjusting the black level display voltage.
Can obtain to suppress the liquid crystal indicator of low contrastization and tone reversal demonstration with such method.
In said method, the black level display voltage value that can adjust separately and show the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage, white level display voltage value above-mentioned when adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value is constant.
The invention of claim 35 is: liquid crystal indicator, has the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, change the auxiliary voltage that obtains with this auxiliary voltage device and show, it is characterized in that having the color adjusting gear of adjusting the color when showing black level.
The invention of claim 36 is the described liquid crystal indicators of claim 35, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has a slice substrate at least, has the color display device that shows multiple color, in above-mentioned multiple color shows, be different with black level display voltage value to the demonstration of other colors to the black level magnitude of voltage of at least a color.
According to above-mentioned formation, adopt above-mentioned color adjusting gear, can adjust the color when showing black level.In multiple color shows, the black level display voltage value of at least one color is adjusted color with above-mentioned color adjusting gear, make them different, thereby can realize high-high brightness, maximum-contrast with the black level display voltage value that other color is shown.
In above-mentioned color display device, can use colored filter or the back light member of employing on sequential colorization lighting system basis.
Be provided with Polarizer in the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel outside, its formation is the penetrability difference of this Polarizer in particular range of wavelengths.Above-mentioned Polarizer wishes to use the Polarizer in the short side penetrability maximum of wavelength.Adopt such structure can when demonstration is black, realize high excitation.
The invention of claim 47 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows is characterized in that having back light member and carrying out the color display device that multiple color shows; Corresponding at least a color showed during above-mentioned multiple color showed, showed the black level display voltage value of black level and corresponding to other colors, showed that the black level display voltage value of black level is different.
Utilize said structure to adopt the black level voltage adjusting device of adjusting black level display voltage value, can obtain to suppress the liquid crystal indicator of low contrastization and tone reversal demonstration.
In said structure, also can have the adjusting gear of above-mentioned black level display voltage value with the white level display voltage value that shows the white level magnitude of voltage of independent adjustment.Also can be when adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value, show the constant structure of white level display voltage value of the magnitude of voltage of white level.
Can use the sequential colorization lighting system that has multiple color pixel colored filter or carry out the back light member of multiple color demonstration in this external above-mentioned color display device.
In said structure, can have the black level adjusting gear.So-called above-mentioned its connotation of black level adjusting gear is: the black level display voltage that shades of colour shows is worth the voltage adjusting device of a system of chain variation, or the black level display voltage of above-mentioned shades of colour demonstration is worth the voltage adjusting device of two systems of chain variation.
Use the back light member of above-mentioned sequential colorization lighting system, be shown as under red demonstration, green demonstration, the blue three kinds of color demonstration situations that show in multiple color, the black level display voltage value in the above-mentioned blue color that shows shows is minimum in above-mentioned three kinds of colors show.
The led pulse height of above-mentioned back light member is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from low to high.The led pulse time of above-mentioned back light member is from being short to the long blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration that is.
The invention of claim 68 is manufacture methods of liquid crystal indicator, above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator has the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, have and carry out the color display device that multiple color shows, this method is characterized in that at least a color that above-mentioned multiple color shows shows, adjusts to the black level of different black level display voltage values and adjusts operation.
Adopt the black level voltage adjusting device of adjusting black level display voltage value with such method, can obtain to suppress the liquid crystal indicator of low contrastization and tone reversal demonstration.
The invention of claim 89 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows is characterized in that: have and adjust the color adjusting gear that shows white colour.
The invention of claim 90 is the described liquid crystal indicators of claim 89, it is characterized in that: have a slice substrate and the color display device of carrying out multiple color demonstration at least, when the magnitude of voltage that shows white level was decided to be white level display voltage value, the white level display voltage value that shows at least a color in the above-mentioned multiple color demonstration was different with the white level display voltage value that other color is shown.
Adopt said structure can reliably realize the repeatability of color, can realize high excitation.
Above-mentioned color display device can be used the colored filter of the pixel with multiple color or show in order to carry out multiple color, can be with the back light member of the sequential colorization lighting system that is arranged on the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel back side.
Can form such structure in this external said structure, at least a slice substrate is promptly arranged, the pixel that has the multiple color that shows multiple color in this substrate has the thickness of liquid crystal layer of pixel of at least one color different with the pixel thickness of liquid crystal layer of other colors in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color.
Its structure can constitute: in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, have the thickness of colored filter of pixel of at least a color different with other color pixel colored filter thickness.
Its structure can constitute in addition: in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, have effective elemental area of at least a color pixel different with effective elemental area of other color pixels.Also can constitute in addition: in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, have the pixels pass light degree of at least a color pixel different with the pixels pass light degree of other color pixels.
In said structure, can utilize black writing mode to show.Can constitute in this case: to the black write time difference of at least a color pixel.
The invention of claim 105 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows; It is characterized in that having a slice substrate and the color display device that shows multiple color at least, the magnitude of voltage that shows white level during as white level display voltage value, to the white level display voltage value that at least a color in the above-mentioned multiple color demonstration shows, different in a kind of color pixel at least.
Adopt said structure can reliably realize the repeatability of color, can realize high excitation.
In said structure, also can have the adjusting gear of the black level display voltage value of the above-mentioned white level display voltage of independent adjustment value and demonstration black level magnitude of voltage.Also can be when adjusting above-mentioned white level display voltage value, show the constant structure of black level display voltage value of the magnitude of voltage of black level.
The invention of claim 131 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows; It is characterized in that above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has a slice substrate at least, in order to show multiple color, in above-mentioned substrate, have multiple color pixel, in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, have effective elemental area of at least a color pixel different with effective elemental area of other color pixels.Be specifically in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, effective elemental area minimum of the color pixel of transmission minimal wave length light.
Utilize above-mentioned structure, even identical white level display voltage value, multiple color pixel can obtain identical substantially penetrability, can obtain high-purity, the high-contrast of color.
Above-mentioned multiple color pixel is to be popular in to penetrate, under the situation of three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission, by the effective elemental area minimum of the color pixel that makes blue transmission, can reach above-mentioned effect.
The invention of claim 140 is that liquid crystal envelope is had in the liquid crystal panel of a slice substrate at least, has the auxiliary voltage device that liquid crystal is applied auxiliary voltage, changes the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows; It is characterized in that: have the multiple color pixel that shows multiple color in the above-mentioned substrate, in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color, have the penetrability of at least a color pixel different with other color pixels pass light degree.Be exactly specifically in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, the penetrability minimum of the color pixel of transmission minimal wave length light.
Even utilize the said structure also can be under identical white level display voltage value situation, the shades of colour pixel obtains identical substantially penetrability, can obtain high-purity, the high-contrast of color.Such structure needs only uses the certain existing TFT element of effective elemental area and colored filter, black matrixer structure just can realize the colour balance of white demonstration.
Above-mentioned multiple color pixel is to be popular in to penetrate, under the situation of three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission, by the effective elemental area minimum of the color pixel that makes blue transmission, can reach above-mentioned effect.
The invention of claim 149 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows; It is characterized in that: there is back light member at the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel back side, and this back light member is strong in long wavelength's one sidelight intensity.
In said structure, in the above-mentioned back light member emission wavelength, near more than 2 times of brightness near the brightness the 610nm is 430nm are wished more than 1.78 times, can keep the colour balance under the whole white demonstration situation of liquid crystal indicator like this.
In said structure, in the luminous xy chromaticity coordinate of above-mentioned back light member, x wishes x more than 0.36 more than 0.32, and preferably x is more than 0.40.The OA equipment that can be used for requirement excitation repeatability like this.
Also color applicator can be provided with in the above-mentioned back light member, also prismatic lens can be provided with specifically.Can be provided with the scattering device of coloring, be diffuser plate and be located at scattering point on the light guide plate of forming above-mentioned back light member etc. specifically at above-mentioned back light member in addition, and polarization conversion element, keep colour balance constant in the time of can accomplishing white demonstration, and high excitation when realizing black the demonstration.
The invention of claim 166 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows; It is characterized in that: have the color display device that liquid crystal is applied the voltage attachment device of auxiliary voltage and carries out multiple color demonstration, during above-mentioned multiple color shows, at least a color display gray scale coefficient difference is arranged.
Utilize said structure can obtain high-contrast and correct gray scale shows the liquid crystal indicator that changes.
The invention of claim 169 is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, changes the auxiliary voltage that obtains with this auxiliary voltage device, the liquid crystal indicator that the double refraction amount of adjustment liquid crystal shows; It is characterized in that: additional carry out the phasic difference that liquid crystal has under the minimum voltage condition that shows of light transmission capacity, carry out the phasic difference that liquid crystal has under the maximum voltage condition that shows of light transmission capacity with additional, the difference between them is less than λ/2.
Utilize such structure can make gray scale and stablize the liquid crystal indicator of good contrast.
In the liquid crystal indicator of above explanation, go for making the double refraction amount of liquid crystal to change the liquid crystal indicator of the pattern that shows.The direction that tilts in advance that links to each other with pair of substrate specifically is in the face of claiming the position relation such parallel-oriented structure of cardinal principle with respect to the central plane between the above-mentioned substrate, for example goes for OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the stereographic map of a part of the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is for being provided with the block diagram that improves under resolution circuit and the voltage limiting circuit situation in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is for being provided with the voltage waveform view that improves under resolution circuit and the voltage limiting circuit situation in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is under the environment temperature in the OCB of embodiment of the present invention 2 type liquid crystal indicator, sets the synoptic diagram of best white level display voltage valve system.
Fig. 5 is for showing the gamma fair curve of the signal source voltage of input signal in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of expression embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the liquid crystal indicator driving circuit concrete structure of expression present embodiment 3.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of expression gray shade scale circuit for generating temperature compensated driving voltage detailed structure.
Fig. 8 is near the curve map of the voltage-penetrability characteristic the black level display voltage value of the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of expression embodiment of the present invention 4.
Fig. 9 represents auxiliary voltage and the penetrability relation in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of embodiment of the present invention 5.
Figure 10 is for paying attention to the curve map of the voltage-penetrability characteristic under the excitation situation in the expression embodiment 5.
Figure 11 is the curve map of paying attention to contrast in the embodiment 5, paying attention to the moderate voltage-penetrability characteristic of excitation.
Figure 12 is the curve map of the voltage-penetrability characteristic in the simulation of the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of expression embodiment 5.
Figure 13 is the curve map of the voltage-penetrability characteristic in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of expression embodiment 6.
Figure 14 is the curve map of the voltage-penetrability characteristic in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of expression embodiment 7.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram that is used to illustrate black writing mode.
Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of existing TN type liquid crystal indicator structure for the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal indicator of expression embodiment of the present invention 9, Figure 16 (a); Figure 16 (b) is an OCB type liquid crystal indicator structure principle chart of the present invention; Figure 16 (c) is the schematic diagram of other structures of OCB type liquid crystal indicator of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the curve map of the expression back light member characteristics of luminescence.
Figure 18 is for improving the curve map of the back light member characteristics of luminescence of red luminous intensity in the expression embodiment of the present invention 11.
Figure 19 is the schematic diagram that is used to illustrate sequential lighting system principle.
Figure 20 is the diagrammatic sectional view of R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
Figure 21 does not have the diagrammatic sectional view of auxiliary voltage state for existing OCB type liquid crystal indicator diagrammatic sectional view, Figure 21 (a) for having OCB type liquid crystal indicator now, and Figure 21 (b) is the diagrammatic sectional view of identical liquid crystal indicator under the auxiliary voltage state.
Figure 22 is the voltage-penetrability performance diagram of expression OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
Figure 23 is provided with the voltage waveform view that improves under resolution circuit (the no-voltage adjustment circuit) situation in existing OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
Figure 24 is the curve map that is illustrated in white display voltage establishing method in the liquid crystal indicator of birefringent mode, curve when the curve when Figure 24 (a) overlaps with the double refraction amount peak value for the white display voltage of expression, Figure 24 (b) do not overlap with the double refraction amount peak value for the white display voltage of expression.
Embodiment (embodiment 1)
Fig. 1 represents the axial view of a part of the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of embodiment of the present invention 1.
OCB type liquid crystal indicator 20 inserts the liquid crystal layer 13 that contains liquid crystal molecule 12 between the substrate 10 and 11 that is arranged in parallel, constitute liquid crystal panel.Do not show among the figure, on above-mentioned substrate 10,11 facing surfaces, form the transparency electrode that applies additional electric field to liquid crystal layer 13 respectively, and the alignment films that is used to set liquid crystal molecular orientation.Above-mentioned in addition substrate 10 (or substrate 11) is gone up and is formed the TFT element, constitutes active matrixer substrate.
Above-mentioned alignment films is carried out orientation process, makes the orientation orientation in the substrate face have identical direction mutually, and is just parallel-oriented.Along with the distance of leaving substrate 10,11 surfaces increases, liquid crystal molecule erects gradually, is 90 degree in the angle of inclination of position intermediate liquid crystal molecule substantially at liquid crystal layer 13 thickness directions, forms crooked orientation.At the arranged outside Polarizer 15,16 and the optical compensation plate 17,18 of substrate 10,11, it is perpendicular or parallel mutually that above-mentioned two Polarizers 15,16 are configured to polarizing axis, and its polarizing axis and liquid crystal molecular orientation orientation are the angle of 45 degree.Utilize the liquid crystal layer refractive index of the off-state of adding high-tension on-state and additional low-voltage anisotropic poor, change polarized condition by above-mentioned Polarizer, optical compensation plate, the control penetrability shows.
The penetrability of the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment 1 and auxiliary voltage relation demonstrate characteristic same as the prior art as shown in figure 22.In order to show the white level voltage of additional VL substantially, used the minimum substantially voltage of gray scale in order to show black level.Wherein so-called white level is the situation of each pixel gray scale maximum, and so-called black level is decided to be the situation of gray scale minimum.In fact in order to show black, the situation that the whole pixels of RGB is decided to be black level is had any different in statement.
As what narrate with prior art, white level display voltage value drops to below the shift voltage VL in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator, produces tilted alignment, produces display defects such as hot spot.This is because liquid crystal and the liquid crystal of curved orientation when inner of polarisation by tilted alignment, because of a variety of causes double refraction amount produces due to the big difference.
As described in the prior art, on the square wave of voltage between substrate, be superimposed with the differential ripple during so-called raising resolution circuit, the image that makes demonstration is circuit more clearly, improves the resolution circuit so form in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator, and displayed image is more clear.Figure 23 is its schematic diagram.This example is the diagram when white black-tape image appears in longitudinal direction.Picture intelligence only is a square wave, by improving the resolution circuit, makes its differentiated waveform overlapping here, additional crest voltage in the time of the weak point of change in voltage.With the edge of this outstanding image, obtain having the demonstration of clear sense.
When using raising resolution circuit to show in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator, produced the problem that occurs display defect because of tilted alignment.Its reason is to set the result of the differential ripple of the crest part Δ Vw that superposeed on the white level display voltage value be roughly shift voltage VL, makes that voltage is lower than shift voltage between the substrate, orientation takes place from the transformation of bending to the state heeling condition.
In the present embodiment, to set the existing mechanism of lower voltage limit value (being defined as limiting voltage) between the substrate of improving in the resolution circuit, be provided with the voltage limiting circuit 23 (amplitude limiter circuit) of voltage limiting device.Fig. 2 represents this schematic diagram, the block diagram when Fig. 2 (a) and (b) improve resolution circuit 22 and voltage limiting circuit 23 for being provided with in the OCB of embodiment 1 type liquid crystal indicator.
When if voltage is lower than shift voltage VL between the additional substrate of this mechanism, the setting limiting voltage is VL, and voltage between substrate is attached between the substrate.
Adopt the mechanism shown in Fig. 2 (b) that this limiting voltage is set at definite value, constant when adjusting display voltage.
31 for producing the black level voltage generating circuit of black level display voltage VB in Fig. 2 (b), and 32 for producing the white level voltage generating circuit of white level display voltage VW.The control signal that this black level voltage generating circuit 31 and white level voltage generating circuit 32 utilize does not have expression from figure control circuit comes, the fixing value that maybe can adjust to hope of black level display voltage VB, the fixing value that maybe can adjust to hope of white level display voltage VW.36 are grayscale voltage generative circuit (control elaborates about gray shade scale in the embodiment 3 of back).25 limiting voltage generative circuits for the voltage limit adjusting gear of the limiting voltage that is used to adjust voltage limiting circuit 23.Limiting voltage generative circuit 25 is connected with voltage limiting circuit 23, with limiting voltage generative circuit 25 voltage is attached on the voltage limiting circuit 23, sets limiting voltage.
In fact in improving resolution circuit 22, be provided with amplitude limiter circuit 23, this limiting voltage is set at VL, drive OCB type liquid crystal indicator, show with voltage waveform shown in Figure 3.Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of embodiment 1 is provided with the voltage waveform when improving resolution circuit and voltage limiting circuit.
Wherein different with existing raising resolution circuit is: the differential crest part Δ Vw when removing the white level demonstration with voltage limiting circuit (limiter).So, obtain in the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of edge clear demonstration, can suppress to be orientated the generation that changes the display defect that causes from case of bending to heeling condition with improving the outstanding image edge of resolution circuit.
Embodiment 2 in the back will be introduced, and the mechanism of above-mentioned adjustment limiting voltage is arranged in the device, corresponding to the variation that the white level magnitude of voltage is arranged slightly (for example chromatic dispersion of the variation of serviceability temperature and liquid crystal panel) white level display voltage value be changed.(embodiment 2)
Present embodiment is in the total temperature scope of using OCB type liquid crystal indicator, follows orientation to change to heeling condition from case of bending, does not produce the mode of display defect.
It is relevant with temperature to the shift voltage that heeling condition changes (just general from the variation of display orientation state to non-display orientation state) from case of bending that the inventor finds that orientation takes place.The relation of table 1 expression shift voltage and temperature.At the room temperature shift voltage is 2.5V, raises near 0 ℃, reaches 3V at-20 ℃.
(table 1)
Actuation temperature (℃) -20 -10 ??0 ??10 ??20 ??30 ??40 ??50 ??60 ??70 ??80
Shift voltage (V) 3.0 2.9 ??2.7 ??2.5 ??2.5 ??2.2 ??2.5 ??2.5 ??2.5 ??2.5 ??2.6
OCB type liquid crystal indicator is driven, do not produce display defect, because orientation changes to heeling condition from case of bending, produced display defect at low temperatures in room temperature.This is because temperature reduces the shift voltage rising, and the rising of white level display voltage value is caused.In order in the serviceability temperature scope, not produce display defect, need with the above driven of the shift voltage of each serviceability temperature.(embodiment 2-1)
In embodiment 2-1, white level display voltage value is set at definite value more than the shift voltage VL of total temperature scope.The serviceability temperature scope is decided to be more than-20 ℃ in the present embodiment.Consider the situation of the uses such as monitor of vehicle mounted ,-20 ℃ of lower limits that are decided to be serviceability temperature.
Be decided to be VLmax to the maximal value among the driving voltage VL at each temperature this moment, in the present embodiment VLmax=3.0V.Above-mentioned shift voltage VLmax with tilt relevantly in advance, what decision was tilted in advance is liquid crystal material and alignment films.Under the situation of present embodiment, there is ZL1-2293 (trade name, メ Le Network incorporated company system) to use AL-1052 (trade name, JSR Corp.'s system) as alignment films as liquid crystal material.
Minimum drive voltage is decided to be 3.0V drives such liquid crystal indicator,, can suppress to be orientated the generation that changes the display defect that causes from case of bending to heeling condition by use the driven more than the 3.0V in full serviceability temperature (20 ℃～80 ℃).
Because the voltage adjusting device (detailed content is narrated in the embodiment 2-2 of back) of adjusting white level display voltage value corresponding to serviceability temperature not necessarily, and the cost of instrument is reduced.Even but owing to also will be set in white level display voltage value more than the necessary value, have the problem of brightness step-down in room temperature, can head it off with the embodiment 2-2 that introduces later.(embodiment 2-2)
In embodiment 2-2,,, be provided with the mechanism of following definite voltage so that OCB type liquid crystal indicator white level display voltage value under each serviceability temperature does not generally make the VL of each temperature lower as the device of the minimum voltage value of determining driving voltage.
Just determine mechanism with voltage as shown in Figure 4, automatic setting white level display voltage value is so that its VL that always is not less than each temperature reduces.
In liquid crystal indicator 21, be provided with the internal storage device ROM that is used for reading specially and note down the temperature characterisitic data shown in the above-mentioned table 1.
Thermistor S is equipped with in the inside, position (for example liquid crystal display cells near surface) that can detect liquid crystal indicator 21 external temperatures, detects outside serviceability temperature with this thermistor S.The mechanism of detecting external temperature is called temperature-detecting device.
Said temperature performance data and outside serviceability temperature contrast with judgment means 22, under the temperature of operative installations, determine white level display voltage value, and make it be not less than VL.On this basis of determining, make definite white level display voltage value optimization corresponding to the said external serviceability temperature.
Cost with such mechanism's liquid crystal indicator will improve, but white level display voltage value at room temperature needn't be set the magnitude of voltage more than needing, so do not lose brightness, can make the liquid crystal indicator that expression brightness shows.Owing to always have certain Temperature Distribution in the liquid crystal indicator, so also can have the surplus of 0.1V in the practical application.
Consider on the structure in the present embodiment be with minimum be the temperature of assurance work to-20 ℃.For example reduce in the ambient temperature short time, make working temperature under the situation below-20 ℃, orientation transition causes display defect to occur to heeling condition.This situation of imagination can be provided with the restoring means that resets into normal display state from the display defect that in a single day takes place.As a concrete example, can consider arbitrarily additional one with make orientation be converted to the identical waveform of transition waveforms of case of bending from heeling condition when the energized.(embodiment 2-3)
Have the user in the present embodiment liquid crystal indicator and adjust the mechanism of best white level display voltage value at each serviceability temperature.The serviceability temperature step-down occurs under the skewed orientation situation, and the user is with manually white level display voltage value being improved.
But in the present embodiment, in case the run-off the straight state of orientation need be added handle as restoring means and become the device of the transition waveforms of crooked state of orientation from the tilted alignment state-transition, and switch need be set in addition.
The user can adjust to optimum condition to white level display voltage value at each serviceability temperature like this.(embodiment 3)
In the present embodiment, utilize the black level voltage adjustment mechanism of adjusting black level display voltage value, suppress low contrastization, tone reversal demonstration.
As shown in figure 22, the voltage of OCB type liquid crystal indicator-penetrability characteristic has following feature.Follow the voltage that is added on the liquid crystal layer (＞VL) increase, penetrability is dull to be reduced, minimum value (voltage table of this moment is shown as VH) appears and after, along with dull the increasing of increase penetrability of voltage.Wherein minimum value is arranged is the feature of OCB type liquid crystal indicator to penetrability.This is to contrast for the just dull existing element (for example TN type liquid crystal indicator) that reduces of increase penetrability of voltage.
Carry out black level with this minimizing voltage and show it is desirable.Can access best contrast this moment.With the driven bigger, increase penetrability with respect to voltage and produce the phenomenon of increase on the contrary than this minimal value.Become the problem in the demonstration that is called tone reversal.
In OCB type liquid crystal indicator, in order to obtain high contrast, and show that in order to suppress tone reversal it is very important with this black level voltage adjustment mechanism black level display voltage value being adjusted to minimal value VH.
The voltage adjusting method that uses in existing TN type liquid crystal indicator is the amplitude that makes between signal source voltage amplitude and the substrate in opposite directions, just the fixing voltage adjusting method of the voltage amplitude between substrate.That is to say black level display voltage value is changed, white level display voltage value is changed.
The method is used for OCB type liquid crystal indicator, and when black level display voltage value was adjusted, white level display voltage value was lower than shift voltage VL, had orientation and changed the problem that produces display defect to heeling condition from case of bending.White level display voltage value becomes too high in addition, has the problem that brightness reduces.White level display voltage value is limited in more than the shift voltage in OCB type liquid crystal indicator, wishes to be fixed on this voltage.
In order to suppress the decline of display quality, be combined into a white level display voltage value in the present embodiment and maintain static, adjust the mechanism of black level display voltage value.Utilize this mechanism to suppress display defect, brightness reduction, utilize adjustment black level display voltage value to obtain high contrast simultaneously.
Fig. 5 represents its schematic diagram.To adjust voltage when display element dispatches from the factory, make its liquid crystal panel reach only black level display voltage value.White level display voltage value is constant during adjustment.Specifically as shown in Figure 5, imported the gamma correction mechanism of demonstration input signal-signal source voltage.The method of specific implementation considers to have electric resistance partial pressure as shown in Figure 7, and this will do introduction in the back, and the gamma chart.Fig. 7 is that picture intelligence is the example of 4 (16 gray shade scales), but is not limited in this.Picture intelligence is that the present invention is also effective under the situation of 8 (56 gray shade scales) etc.
In the present embodiment, when adjusting black level display voltage value, also carried out optimal gamma correction.Each gamma fair curve shape is similar, fixes to the curve shape of black level display voltage value from white level display voltage value.Utilize this mechanism can access high contrast and correct grey scale change demonstration.Liquid crystal indicator also can possess the adjusting mechanism that the user can adjust this black level display voltage value.
Secondly with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, present embodiment 3 concrete structures and its action are described.Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the liquid crystal indicator driving circuit section concrete structure of expression present embodiment 3, and Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of expression gray shade scale circuit for generating temperature compensated driving voltage concrete structure.For ease of explanation, be digital signal to picture intelligence, gray shade scale is 4, and (structure of D1～D4), the liquid crystal indicator that 16 gray shade scales show describes.
In Fig. 6,31 for producing the black level voltage generating circuit of black level display voltage VB, and 32 for producing the white level voltage generating circuit of white level display voltage VW.This black level voltage generating circuit 31 and white level voltage generating circuit 32 usefulness variable resistors are formed, with control signal from control circuit 33, the fixing value that maybe can adjust to hope of black level display voltage VB, the fixing value that maybe can adjust to hope of white level display voltage VW.
36 is the grayscale voltage generative circuit, and grayscale voltage generative circuit 36, above-mentioned black level voltage generating circuit 31 and white level voltage generating circuit 32 constitute grayscale voltage generation circuit 37 thus.
Above-mentioned grayscale voltage generative circuit 36 generates 16 grayscale voltage V1～V16 between black level display voltage VB and white level display voltage VW.Wherein minimum voltage V1 is white level display voltage VW, and ceiling voltage V16 is black level display voltage VB.As described later, grayscale voltage generative circuit 36 has γ that utilization obtains from control circuit 33 and revises data and carry out the function that γ revises.
Temperature sensor 34 is connected on the control circuit 33.This temperature sensor 34 is used to detect liquid crystal indicator environment for use temperature, and according to these temperature sensor 34 detected temperature, control circuit 33 is adjusted the variable-resistance value of white level voltage generating circuit 32.Can automatic setting and the corresponding only white level display voltage VW of temperature variation with this.On control circuit 33, be connected with manual adjustment knob 35a, 35b, 35c.Manual adjustment knob 35a is the switch that is used to adjust white level display voltage VW, and manual adjustment knob 35b is the switch that is used to adjust black level display voltage VB, and manual adjustment knob 35c is the switch that γ revises.The user can finely tune white level display voltage VW and black level display voltage VB respectively by operation manual adjustment knob 35a, 35b, can obtain the image quality of user's hobby.The user can access the scale grade characteristic of the γ characteristic with hope by operation manual adjustment knob 35c.
Below with reference to Fig. 7 the concrete structure of grayscale voltage generative circuit 36 is described.Between the white level display voltage VW of high-tension black level display voltage VB and low-voltage, be connected in series 3 variable resistor r1, r2, r3.The γ correction data that obtain from control circuit 33 offer variable resistor r1, r2, r3, are adjusted to and the corresponding resistance value of γ correction data.The terminal of using by indivedual connecting line L1 ' black level display voltage VB and link on the bridging line L5 with the contact P1 of variable resistor r1 is connected with switch SW 1 in these indivedual connecting line L1.Indivedual connecting line L2 link on the bridging line L5 between the contact P2 of variable resistor r1 and variable resistor r2 again, are connected with switch SW 2 in these indivedual connecting line L2.Indivedual connecting line L3 link on the bridging line L5 between the contact P3 of variable resistor r2 and variable resistor r3 again, are connected with switch SW 3 in these indivedual connecting line L3.Indivedual connecting line L4 link on the bridging line L5 between the contact P4 of the terminal that variable resistor r3 and white level display voltage VW use again, are connected with switch SW 4 in these indivedual connecting line L4.The formation of these switch SW 1～SW4 is the logic level corresponding to each bit data D1～D4 of digital image signal, changes the state of switch.During for example [D1, D2, D3, D4]=[0,0,0,0], switch SW 1～SW4 all is in the OFF state, and bridging line L5 exports white level display voltage VW (=the 1 grayscale voltage V1).Corresponding to the logic level of D1～D4, the on off state of switch SW 1～SW4 changes equally, generates V2～V16 (=black level display voltage VB).So just generate the gray shade scale signal voltage corresponding with the gray shade scale of digital image signal.
Changing under the γ characteristic situation, operation manual adjustment knob 35c, the resistance of each the variable resistor r1～r3 corresponding with it changes, and the voltage levvl of V2～V15 is changed.Operate manual adjustment knob 35a, 35b in advance, can be set at the voltage levvl of V1, V2 the value of hope.So the gray scale that the operation that utilizes these manual adjustment knobs 35a, 35b, 35c can obtain wishing increases and decreases characteristic.
Can carry out following voltage with above-mentioned mechanism sets.
(1) as present embodiment 3, the white level display voltage value of black level display voltage value and demonstration white level magnitude of voltage can be carried out independent adjustment.When adjusting black level display voltage value, show that the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage can be constant, carry out voltage and set.When therefore voltage was adjusted, white level display voltage value can not be lower than shift voltage VL, can not occur being orientated from case of bending changing the problem that produces display defect that causes to heeling condition.
(2), can in each color (RGB), set black level display voltage value as the present embodiment of introducing later 4.
(3), can in each color (RGB), set white level display voltage value as the present embodiment of introducing later 5.
Can carry out above-mentioned voltage and set, can carry out this voltage when making liquid crystal indicator or after making and set.When making liquid crystal indicator,, can access the liquid crystal indicator that can suppress low contrastization, suppress the gray inversion demonstration owing to have above-mentioned adjustment black level display voltage value operation.
Above-mentioned mode is when dispatching from the factory and the user adjusts the mode of black level display voltage value.Also can possess the mechanism of detecting this voltage correction automatically.It can realize voltage change in voltage mechanism that slowly changes and the luminous flux detection mechanism of detecting luminous flux by possessing.Concrete example is as follows.
The element of the detection luminous flux of photodiode (PD) etc. is contained on the liquid crystal indicator, can detects display brightness.Increase and decrease the voltage that is added on the liquid crystal with the voltage changeable mechanism, to reducing direction feedback voltage value with detected brightness such as PD.Detect the voltage of display brightness minimum.
As above-mentioned structure, when carrying out magnitude of voltage that black level shows as black level display voltage value, utilize the black level voltage adjusting device of adjusting this black level display voltage value, be that white level display voltage value immobilizes specifically, utilize the mechanism that adjusts black level display voltage value, the demonstration that generally can keep high-contrast.(embodiment 4)
Present embodiment is characterized as and sets black level display voltage value in shades of colour.
The research experiment table detailed according to the inventor shows that the voltage of OCB type liquid crystal cell-penetrability characteristic is with relevant through optical wavelength.Fig. 8 (a) shows the curve map of near penetrability and auxiliary voltage relation for the black level of the OCB type liquid crystal indicator of expression present embodiment use.Shown in Fig. 8 (a), near the characteristic black level display voltage value is: VH (indigo plant) (=6.0V)＜VH (green), VH (red) (=6.5V).
Like this in OCB type liquid crystal indicator, penetrability is that minimizing voltage VH is different in shades of colour, this is owing to carry out black level when showing, the amount of the phasic difference that exists in liquid crystal layer is not zero, and the phasic difference amount of the phasic difference plate of the upper and lower settings phasic difference amount that makes liquid crystal indicator integral body of cancelling out each other is zero.Just liquid crystal layer has phasic difference, because the wavelength of phasic difference amount therewith is relevant, penetrability is that minimizing voltage VH is just different.This is not the problem that exists only in the liquid crystal indicator.This is control double refraction amount mode and the distinctive problem of liquid crystal indicator with phasic difference plate structure.
In the existing on the other hand TN type liquid crystal indicator, demonstrate this hardly and relation wavelength.Its reason is that the TN mode is to utilize the optical activity of the inner liquid crystal of substrate to control the mode of optical transmission, utilizes the control of thickness of liquid crystal layer d to design, and the light wavelength relation is little with seeing through.
In OCB type liquid crystal indicator, to set with the black level display voltage value that RGB (red, green, blue) shows of representing as uses such as existing TN type liquid crystal indicators, black can produce the problem that color contrast reduces slightly.For example be set in 6.5V, have problem and the blue problem that produces gray inversion that blue light leaks slightly.
In order to obtain good contrast, the black level display voltage value of R, G, B has been set minimum magnitude of voltage VH (R), VH (G), the VH (B) of penetrability respectively in the present embodiment.
Be the structure that illustrates with above-mentioned embodiment 3 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) in detail, in R, G, B, set black level display voltage value respectively.Shown in Fig. 8 (b), 37R, 37G, 37B are respectively the grayscale voltage generation circuit of the gray shade scale that is used to control R, G, B, and this grayscale voltage generation circuit 37R, 37G, 37B are connected on the control circuit 33.With above-mentioned control circuit 33, the black level display voltage value of R, G, B pixel can be set in magnitude of voltage VH (R), VH (G), the VH (B) of penetrability minimum.
In example shown in Figure 8, be set at 6.5V voltage in R, the G pixel, to show black level, in B, be set at 6.0V, to show black level.
Wherein because white level display voltage value is that to resemble the shift voltage that heeling condition changes with orientation from case of bending definite, thus with the RGB Wavelength-independent.Owing to can obtain high-high brightness with this mode, so can realize maximum-contrast.
Above-mentioned voltage is set in when making liquid crystal indicator or can carries out this voltage after making and set.When making liquid crystal indicator, there is the demonstration of at least a color to adjust to different black level display voltage values during above-mentioned multiple color shows, can obtains to suppress low contrastization, suppress the liquid crystal indicator that gray inversion shows with such adjustment operation.
The concrete mechanism that use illustrates in embodiment 3 can adjust black level display voltage value under white level magnitude of voltage stationary state.Wherein also can be to make this mechanism adjust R, G, B respectively separately.
As mentioned above, be set at 6.5V voltage in R, the G pixel in the present embodiment,, in B, be set at 6.0V, to show black level to show black level.Wherein R, G, B have independently carried out the adjustment of black level display voltage value respectively, but also can constitute the following adjusting mechanism with black level adjusting gear.Just in versicolor black level display voltage value, when setting the black level display voltage value corresponding to B, also can be to make corresponding to the black level display voltage value of R, G chainly, become the voltage adjustment mechanism of a system.Also can constitute the voltage adjustment mechanism of two following systems.Just R, G black level display voltage are worth the system and the B black level display voltage value Adjustment System of chain adjustment, the adjusting mechanism of two autonomous systems.(embodiment 5)
In above-mentioned embodiment 4, consider that black level display voltage value is neighbouring and relevant through optical wavelength, improved near the repeatability of the color white level display voltage value in the present embodiment.Auxiliary voltage in the OCB of present embodiment type liquid crystal indicator and penetrability relation are shown in Fig. 9.
In the present embodiment, its formation can be carried out the color demonstration with the colored filter that multiple color pixel is arranged.Also can use the back light member of introducing hereinafter on sequential colorization lighting system basis to replace colored filter.
As shown in Figure 9, have blue on the whole penetrability height, by the problem of green, red order reduction.This is that control liquid crystal layer double refraction amount carries out the distinctive problem of display mode.Its reason is because the phasic difference amount that liquid crystal layer exists is relevant with wavelength.The phasic difference amount that liquid crystal layer exists is generally represented with 2 π Δ nd/ λ.Wherein Δ n is the phasic difference amount that liquid crystal layer exists, and d is the thickness of liquid crystal layer, and λ is a wavelength, and π is a circular constant.This phasic difference amount is the function of wavelength, and this is the reason relevant with wavelength.Other light wavelengths of blue wavelength ratio are short, so the phasic difference amount of blue light is big.
If tilted alignment does not change, should be characteristic shown in Figure 12.This is the result who obtains with optical analogy.Have the penetrability peak value than blueness under the higher voltage like this, redness forms peak value under lower voltage.The magnitude of voltage that such shades of colour penetrability is reached peak value is defined as the white peak magnitude of voltage, and the magnitude of voltage of RGB white peak separately is expressed as VRwp, VGwp, VBwp.Versicolor penetrability IR, the IG at this peak value place, IB result are identical substantially.
Therefore in order to drive liquid crystal indicator, show it is desirable with this peak value in high-high brightness.But in the present embodiment, because the magnitude of voltage of white peak all below VL, can not use the following driving voltage of VL.Therefore must show as the white level display voltage with the voltage more than the shift voltage VL.
Under the situation about driving with identical white level display voltage value in each pixel of RGB, the penetrability of above-mentioned blueness wants high with respect to red, green penetrability, so have the problem that white demonstration becomes general green grass or young crops.When comparing with black display, people's vision is very responsive to the variation of tone near white the demonstration.Therefore colorrendering quality is adjusted extremely important near white level display voltage value.
But brightness ratio is higher in this way, so have the feature of high contrast.(embodiment 5-1)
In order to solve the problem of the general green grass or young crops of white demonstration, change the white level display voltage value of each color in the present invention.Shown in Figure 10,11, changed the white level display voltage value of each color.Following relation is arranged this moment:
VRw≤VGw＜VBw is characterized in that white level display voltage value height in the blue pixel that throws.Particularly the tone during display white is subjected to the influence of blue intensities easily, so that the inventor herein finds to adjust blue light intensity is extremely important.
Figure 10 sets white level display voltage value, so that the certain situation of shades of colour penetrability can realize colorrendering quality exactly, realizes high excitation.But the problem that exists the brightness and contrast to reduce.
Figure 11 is middle condition, is the excitation and the satisfactory to both parties method of brightness of reality.Compare with the situation that same white level display voltage value drives with each pixel, no matter how can both realize good especially colorrendering quality.(embodiment 6)
In above-mentioned embodiment 5, magnitude of voltage VRwp, VGwp, the VBwp of versicolor white peak are lower than shift voltage VL.
In the present embodiment, utilizing increases thickness of liquid crystal layer d, has realized making the magnitude of voltage of versicolor white peak more than shift voltage VL.In the present embodiment, liquid crystal material is constant, and thickness of liquid crystal layer d is increased to 10 μ m.Therefore high brightness, high-contrast have been realized.
The result that thickness of liquid crystal layer is increased to 10 μ m as shown in figure 13, the magnitude of voltage of the white peak of shades of colour penetrability is higher than shift voltage VL.This is because following two reasons.
The first shift voltage VL thinks irrelevant with the thickness of liquid crystal layer by the liquid crystal material decision of using in OCB type liquid crystal indicator.The inventor has found this fact by test.
Second reason is owing to increase thickness of liquid crystal layer d, shifts to high voltage one side with respect to the penetrability peak value of auxiliary voltage.This is that with the formula of front, the absolute value of the phasic difference amount 2 π Δ nd/ λ that liquid crystal layer exists increases because the thickness of liquid crystal layer increase makes projection light increase from the phasic difference Δ nd that liquid crystal bears.
This moment as shown in figure 13 shades of colour to reach maximum penetrability voltage be different.Therefore need change white level display voltage value separately.
In the present embodiment, versicolor white level display voltage value VRw, VGw, VBw are set at magnitude of voltage VRwp, VGwp, the VBwp of versicolor white peak.Just set for VRw (=VRwp)＜VGw (=VGwp)＜VBw (=VBwp).Realize high brightness, high-contrast with this.Because this moment, driving voltage was bigger than shift voltage, can not produce display defect because of being transformed into tilted alignment.
But have the very large problem of driving voltage with the method.Resemble under the situation that the thickness of liquid crystal layer of 5 μ m of embodiment 5 realizes, driving voltage is about 6V.The thickness of liquid crystal layer of 10 μ m in the present embodiment, driving voltage needs about 2 times, becomes the driving voltage of 12V.Therefore generally can not use the tft active matrix substrate.
In the present embodiment, be to realize with the active matrix substrate of mim type high voltage type.Produce the very large problem of electric power that consumes simultaneously.Can reach can be because of not being transformed into the liquid crystal indicator that tilted alignment produces display defect.
Present embodiment is to realize the method for very high display quality.But need to use high driving voltage.In contrast, above-mentioned embodiment 5 is the modes that realize with general active matrix substrate.(embodiment 7)
In the above-mentioned embodiment 6, utilize the increase thickness of liquid crystal layer to show the magnitude of voltage of the white peak of penetrability maximum as white level display voltage value.
In the present embodiment, realized with the white demonstration of deceiving colour balance under the writing mode situation.So-called black writing mode is meant in a frame to be rewritten beyond the video data, appends the black driving method that writes that is used for frame blanking, even be lower than the display voltage of shift voltage VL, also can realize can not producing display defect because of being transformed into tilted alignment.Do specific description with Figure 15.Figure 15 is the sketch that black writing mode is described.
Auxiliary voltage is below VL, because the tilted alignment state becomes stable, orientation can take place change to heeling condition from case of bending.Orientation takes place change to heeling condition from case of bending, display defect occurs, penetrability reduces, and the dot-and-dash line shown in Figure 15 (a) is such, even the method that the inhibition penetrability reduces below VL is black writing mode.For example shown in Figure 15 (b), in 1 frame of 16.7ms, except that rewriting video data,, reduce, can improve brightness even below VL, also can suppress penetrability by carrying out black the writing about 1ms.See also IDW 99Proceedings of The SixthInternational Display Workships P.37-40 about the black details that writes.
In the present embodiment, under black writing mode situation, the relation of penetrability and auxiliary voltage as shown in figure 14.Wherein be popular among the magnitude of voltage VRwp of the white peak of penetrating, be popular in penetrate, magnitude of voltage VRw, VGw, the VBw of the white peak of green transmission, blue transmission set under the identical situation, white show general redly, produced the problem in the demonstration that the gray inversion of green transmission, blue transmission causes.Be popular among the magnitude of voltage VBwp of the white peak of blue transmission penetrate, magnitude of voltage VRw, VGw, the VBw of the white peak of green transmission, blue transmission set under the identical situation, do not produce gray inversion, but the white problem that shows general green grass or young crops occurs.
In the present embodiment, versicolor white level display voltage value VRw, VGw, VBw are set at magnitude of voltage VRwp, VGwp, the VBwp of versicolor white peak.Just set for VRw (=VRwp)＜VGw in (=VGwp)＜VB Wp(=VB Wp).Realize obtaining the white demonstration of colour balance with this.But also can produce because the problem in the demonstration that gray inversion causes.
Present embodiment has and keeps colour balance constant, can obtain the advantage of high-high brightness.(embodiment 8)
When black writing mode, identical in embodiment versicolor white level display voltage value setting, realized having the white demonstration of colour balance.
Present embodiment is utilized and is made the difference that is used for the black write time of frame blanking in the shades of colour pixel in black writing mode, the colour balance when having realized white the demonstration.We find can control brightness with the black write time of control.Also found by in the shades of colour pixel shows, changing the black write time, the colour balance in the time of adjusting white the demonstration.
Specifically, used by being popular in penetrate, green transmission, three OCB types of blue transmission liquid crystal indicator combine the projection type liquid crystal display apparatus that shows.At first white level display voltage value is set at the definite value shown in VRw=VGw=VBw=VBwp.Wherein the versicolor penetrability in this white level display voltage value is expressed as IR ', IG ', IB.The black write time in the shades of colour pixel is expressed as tb (red), tb (green), tb (indigo plant), just is set at:
Tb (indigo plant)=tb (red) * (IB/IR ')
Tb (green)=tb (red) * (IG '/IR ')
The shades of colour pixel is set the black write time separately like this, equates substantially from the projection light flux of shades of colour pixel, has realized that the white level of obtaining colour balance shows.
Wherein in the shades of colour pixel, white level display voltage value is set as fixed value, but may not needs separately white level display voltage value to be set as fixed value.Black write time relation is in the shades of colour pixel:
Tb (indigo plant)＞tb (green) 〉=tb (red)
Colour balance adjustment when carrying out white the demonstration is important.(embodiment 9)
9 usefulness Figure 16 describe about embodiment.In the present embodiment, utilize effective elemental area of in shades of colour, setting the shades of colour pixel that constitutes liquid crystal indicator respectively, realized high-contrast, high excitation.Wherein so-called effectively elemental area is meant in the shades of colour pixel actual in showing effective elemental area.
In existing TN type liquid crystal indicator etc., because penetrability substantially and Wavelength-independent, the shades of colour pixel is a homalographic.Just shown in Figure 16 (a), constitute the R.G.B and the active matrix substrate 90M of colored filter 90, and constitute the TFT part 93 of TFT element 92 and the area shades of colour pixel of display part 94 equates respectively.In fact above-mentioned TFT element 92 grades form on substrate, about this substrate and not expression in the drawings backlight.
On the other hand, in OCB type liquid crystal indicator, shown in above-mentioned embodiment 5, have the relation of IB (blue intensity)＞IG (green intensity)＞IR (red intensity), make identical driving of white level display voltage value, blueing can occur and show.Make the fixing back of versicolor penetrability set white level display voltage value in addition, contrast reduces.
Present embodiment makes versicolor effective elemental area in OCB type liquid crystal indicator be benchmark with the area of blue pixel, and green pixel is decided to be (IB/IG) doubly, and red pixel is decided to be (IB/IR) doubly.
That is to say shown in Figure 16 (b) that the inventor herein utilizes the TFT part 97 that changes colored filter 95, active matrix substrate 95M and TFT element 96 in the shades of colour pixel and the area of display part 98, realize such structure.
Illustrating further, is benchmark with the area of the display part 98B that constitutes blue pixel, constitute green pixel display part 98G area for (IB/IG) doubly, constitute red pixel display part 98R area for (IB/IR) doubly.About colored filter 95G95R and TFT part 97G97R too, be benchmark in addition with colored filter 95B and TFT part 97B, be decided to be respectively (IB/IG) doubly, (IB/IR) doubly.
Adopt such structure, the light that the back light member that does not show from figure comes even identical white level display voltage value has identical substantially penetrability in shades of colour (R.G.B), can be realized high excitation, high contrast.(embodiment 10)
In above-mentioned embodiment 9,, high excitation, high contrast have been realized by the effective elemental area difference that in the shades of colour pixel, is designed to each pixel.
In the present embodiment, control versicolor penetrability, the colour balance when having adjusted display white by the shades of colour pixels pass light degree difference that makes colored filter.Make the effective elemental area of shades of colour pixel identical this moment.Making corresponding to the penetrability of the colored filter of shades of colour pixel specifically is benchmark with the penetrability of blue pixel, green pixel be (IB/IG) doubly, red pixel be (IB/IR) times.Even adopt the identical white level display voltage value of such formation, in shades of colour, can access identical substantially penetrability, can realize high excitation, high contrast.
Such formation is to adopt the structure of the certain existing TFT element of effective elemental area and colored filter, active matrix substrate constant, and can realize the method that the colour balance of white demonstration is adjusted.
Its formation can be for the thickness of liquid crystal layer that the pixel of at least a color is arranged in the above-mentioned multiple color pixel, is different with respect to the pixel thickness of liquid crystal layer of other colors.Shown in Figure 16 (c), change the thickness of colored filter 80R80G80B among each R.G.B specifically, the thickness of liquid crystal layer 85 is changed, constitute liquid crystal layer 85a, liquid crystal layer 85b, liquid crystal layer 85c.Giving under each liquid crystal layer 85a, 85b, the 85c auxiliary voltage situation, can make the double refraction amount of receiving from liquid crystal layer 85a, 85b, 85c equal 80R, 80G, 80B respectively with this, can make the penetrability of colored filter 80R, 80G, 80B identical.Therefore can realize the colour balance adjustment of white demonstration.(embodiment 11)
As implement as described in the mode 5, in OCB type liquid crystal indicator, have the problem that shows blueing under the display white situation.
This problem is not limited in the OCB liquid crystal indicator.The phenomenon that this blueing shows is because the phasic difference amount that liquid crystal layer exists is relevant with wavelength, and the blue light just phasic difference amount of short wavelength's light is big.The double refraction amount Δ n that liquid crystal layer exists and the product representation of thickness of liquid crystal layer become Δ nd, and Δ nd/ λ is and the proportional amount of phasic difference.Wherein λ is a wavelength.
Therefore the phasic difference amount 2 π Δ nd/ λ of liquid crystal layer existence are relevant with light wavelength, and short wavelength's light phasic difference amount is big more.Wherein π is a circular constant.Therefore the optical modulation amount that is subjected to of short wavelength's light liquid crystal is big more.Therefore in the mode that the double refraction amount by the control liquid crystal layer shows, blueing is a common problem during display white.
In order to address the above problem, make the luminous colourity of back light member distribute the most appropriate in the present embodiment.Describe with Figure 17, Figure 18.Figure 17 is the curve map of the existing back light member characteristics of luminescence of expression.Figure 18 is for strengthening the light-emitting characteristic curve figure of the back light member of red luminous intensity in the expression embodiment 11.
Existing back light member is to resemble the luminous dispersing characteristic that has shown in Figure 17.In the present embodiment as shown in figure 18, improved red luminous intensity.Therefore can under the whole display white situation of liquid crystal cell, keep colour balance.
In the present embodiment, in order not adjust double refraction amount, the problem that exists black color reproduction to worsen.This moment, black chromaticity coordinate was general red result, except the video equipment that requires very high excitation repeatability, was a problem hardly in other purposes (for example OA instrument use etc.).This is because the sensation of eye changes sensitivity to white, and is so inresponsive to the variation of black.As present embodiment, the method that changes the characteristic of back light member is than the mode that is easier to realize.
What illustrating now is that present embodiment is luminescent chromaticity by back light member the most suitableization that distribute, and can keep the structure of colour balance.Also can keep colour balance in addition with Polarizer.Except with the Polarizer, the light guide plate that also diffuser plate can be set and constitute above-mentioned back light member for example.
Describe with concrete example below.(embodiment 11-1)
According to this research, show red light intensity in order to be given for, can be determined near the light intensity of 610nm, in order to represent indigo plant, can near 430nm, measure light intensity.Being feature with the red light intensity of strengthening back light member in the present embodiment, for its quantification, is benchmark with the blue light strength, obtain with its ratio be effective.
Existing back light member is 1.78 at the ratio of the light intensity of 610nm ± 10nm and the light intensity of 430nm ± 10nm (brightness) as shown in figure 17.
In order to see the effect of the manner, in the emission wavelength of back light member corresponding to the light intensity that shows red wavelength, and with corresponding to the light intensity that shows blue wavelength, with brightness ratio, must be more than 2 times.X in the chromaticity coordinate must be more than 0.32.This benchmark is applicable to that request for utilization OCB type liquid crystal indicator has the situation than the OA equipment of higher excitation repeatability.Require the video equipment of very high excitation repeatability to use under the OCB type liquid crystal indicator situation, wish that the x in the chromaticity coordinate must be more than 0.36.X in the chromaticity coordinate almost completely can realize the excitation repeatability more than 0.4.(embodiment 12)
In above-mentioned embodiment 11, the inventor uses and compares now, and the strong back light member of luminous intensity near the red wavelength coverage can keep the colour balance under the display white situation.
This situation shows when deceiving can become general red result, has just become problem when OCB type liquid crystal indicator is used video equipment.This is owing to require very high excitation in video equipment.
In order to address the above problem, the colour balance during display white remains unchanged in the present embodiment, realizes showing the high excitation when black.Use the penetrability that shows blue light when deceiving to realize the black demonstration of high color purity specifically than other green glow, the high Polarizer of penetrability of ruddiness.
For light by Polarizer, during transmission (show white) and Wavelength-independent, the light leak when absorbing (showing black), the absorptivity by the control absorber and the relation of wavelength make and keep and the relation of wavelength becomes possibility.Keep showing that with this colour balance when white is constant, can realize showing the excitation of Hei Shigao.(embodiment 13)
Used the back light member that shows multiple color as the color display device in the present embodiment, used sequential colorization illumination, realized black and show color adjustment when white the demonstration under such situation with back light member.
So-called sequential colorization lighting system is divided into 3 frames of R, G, B 1 image duration shown in Figure 19 (a), write specific color image each image duration and connect specific color light source.Concrete structure is shown in Figure 19 (b), the back side of liquid crystal panel 132 (below of a drawing) side is provided with the back light member 131 of sequential colorization lighting system, and the side of this back light member 131 disposes red light-emitting component 131R, green light-emitting component 131G, blue light-emitting component 131B.The sequential colorization lighting system is compared with the colorized optical filtering sheet mode, owing to do not need colored filter, demonstrates bright display performance.
Above-mentioned sequential colorization lighting system also is suitable for embodiment 4, and the adjustment of the black level magnitude of voltage by the shades of colour pixel can suppress gray inversion and low contrastization.
Above-mentioned sequential colorization lighting system is applicable to embodiment 6, and in above-mentioned white demonstration, the burst length and the pulse height of luminous back light member when showing shades of colour by control are adjusted colour balance.Wherein shown in Figure 19 (a), the led pulse timing definition of red demonstration, green demonstration, the blue back light member that shows is tl (red), tl (green) tl (indigo plant), and the led pulse height is defined as Il (red), Il (green), Il (indigo plant).And by setting:
Tl (indigo plant)＜tl (green)≤tl (red) and
Il (indigo plant)＜Il (green)≤Il (red)
Can realize obtaining the white demonstration of colour balance.This moment, white level display voltage value was a definite value in shades of colour shows.(other business)
Narrated embodiment 1 above to embodiment 13, but the present invention is not limited in OCB type liquid crystal indicator.Showing if control the double refraction amount of liquid crystal, all is effective.
The double refraction amount that liquid crystal layer when showing black level exists is not 0 liquid crystal indicator, and is not in the liquid crystal indicator of 0 phasic difference plate identical effect to be arranged also with phasic difference.
For example, as shown in figure 20, demonstrating contrast also has identical effect in the R-OCB of the characteristic more than 10 type liquid crystal indicator.As shown in figure 20, R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator is to be the layer packed structures of diffuser plate 40, Polarizer 41, phasic difference plate 42, glass substrate 43, liquid crystal 44, reflecting electrode 45, glass substrate 46 from top to bottom, alignment films that form, that do not show in the drawings adopts vertical orientating type on reflecting electrode 45, and the liquid crystal 44 on this glass substrate 46 is vertical orientated structures.Such R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator has wide visual angle, high-speed responsive performance, high brightness.Details about R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator sees also SID 96 DIGEST p618-621.
13, can adopt ASV (advanced super the V) mode of parallel direction friction from embodiment 3 to embodiment.
In the mode that this external control bit phase residual quantity shows, have the problem of low contrastization and gray inversion when showing black level, have the problem that blueing shows when showing white level.Become special problem with the display element that high-contrast is arranged.Contrast is necessary at the display element more than 200 in color adjustment of the present invention, and the display element more than 100 wishes that also the present invention possesses the color adjusting gear.The present invention not too is a problem in the OA that shows microcomputer image etc. shows, generally shows the instrument that the TV etc. of natural image needs video to show.
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is additional to carry out under the minimum voltage condition that shows of light transmission capacity, the phasic difference that liquid crystal has, carry out under the maximum voltage condition that shows of light transmission capacity with additional, the phasic difference that liquid crystal has, the difference of the two is littler than λ/2, it is stable to adopt such formation can access gray shade scale, the liquid crystal indicator that contrast is good.Describe with Figure 24 below.
Figure 24 is curve (voltage-penetrability characteristic) figure of the white display voltage establishing method in the liquid crystal indicator of expression birefringence mode.Figure 24 (a) overlaps the curve map under the situation for representing white display voltage with the double refraction amount peak value, Figure 24 (b) does not overlap the curve map under the situation for representing white display voltage and double refraction amount peak value.
Shown in Figure 24 (a), in the liquid crystal indicator of existing birefringence mode, Ia16 (meaning with the maximum gray shade scale under the 16 gray scale representation situations) has been determined in the peak value of double refraction amount (phasic difference λ/2) position and white display voltage Va16.Solid line is the liquid crystal indicator with general thickness of liquid crystal layer, and dotted line is to have because fluctuation thickness reduces the liquid crystal indicator of the liquid crystal layer under the situation.
Thickness of liquid crystal layer diminishes, dotted line with respect to solid line to the left (on the paper) move, so Ia16 drops to Ia ' 16.Ia15 than low 1 gray shade scale of Ia16 also reduces in this case, becomes Ia ' 15.Wherein Ia16-Ia15 (common gray shade scale is poor) and Ia ' 16-Ia ' 15 (gray shade scale under the fluctuation situation is poor) compare, and both produce very big-difference at the gray shade scale difference.
Shown in Figure 24 (b), in liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, double refraction amount peak value (phasic difference is less than λ/2) position does not overlap with the white voltage Va16 that shows, with the engagement position that departs from from peak, has determined Ib16.
With such formation, the peak value that liquid crystal layer fluctuation back dotted line is represented departs from, and Ia16-Ia15 (common gray shade scale is poor) and Ia ' 16-Ia ' 15 (gray shade scale under the fluctuation situation is poor) compare, and both do not produce very big-difference at the gray shade scale difference.This reaches by voltage-slow bent position of penetrability family curve.So the fluctuation of corresponding liquid crystal layer also can access, and scale grade characteristic is stable, the good liquid crystal indicator of display performance.
As mentioned above, embodiment 1 to embodiment 13 is illustrated, by making various liquid crystal indicator appropriate combination liquid crystal indicator with various embodiment characteristics combination.
The possibility of utilizing on the industry
As above-mentioned explanation, adopt formation of the present invention can fully reach the purpose of problem of the present invention.
That is to say, adopt the present invention, in OCB type liquid crystal display device, under specific drive condition, in specific range of temperatures, can solve the problem that display defect occurs, can solve the problem that contrast reduces.

Claims (172)

1. liquid crystal indicator, has the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, change auxiliary voltage and show by this auxiliary voltage device, it is characterized by: have the liquid crystal aligning state in order to be kept for showing, the auxiliary voltage that above-mentioned voltage attachment device is obtained is decided to be the above voltage limiting device of assigned voltage of needs.
2. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: above-mentioned voltage limiting device is a voltage limiting circuit.
3. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: the voltage limit adjusting gear with limiting voltage of adjusting above-mentioned voltage limiting circuit.
4. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: have the circuit that improves resolution.
5. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: be the structure that above-mentioned limiting voltage and display voltage can independently be adjusted.
6. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
7. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has pair of substrate, the direction that the liquid crystal that links to each other with pair of substrate tilts in advance is in the face of claiming the position relation such parallel-oriented structure of cardinal principle with respect to the central plane between the above-mentioned substrate.
8. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 7 is characterized by: be OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
9. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: when showing black level, the double refraction amount that above-mentioned liquid crystal has is not 0.
10. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: be provided with phasic difference and be not 0 phasic difference plate.
11. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: during as the display orientation state, in the voltage below afore mentioned rules voltage, have the non-display orientation state different with the display orientation state at the liquid crystal aligning state that carries out above-mentioned demonstration.
12. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized by: liquid crystal from above-mentioned display orientation state to the voltage of non-display orientation state-transition during as shift voltage, the afore mentioned rules voltage under each serviceability temperature generally will be higher than the shift voltage under each serviceability temperature.
13. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 12 is characterized by: when the maximal value of the above-mentioned shift voltage in the serviceability temperature scope is made as VLmax, at each temperature generally the magnitude of voltage more than the VLmax as the afore mentioned rules magnitude of voltage.
14. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 12 is characterized by: have temperature-detecting device that detects serviceability temperature and the voltage adjusting device that afore mentioned rules voltage is changed corresponding to above-mentioned detected temperature.
15. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized by: have recovery device, above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning state from above-mentioned display orientation state when the above-mentioned non-display orientation state variation, the state of orientation that makes above-mentioned liquid crystal from above-mentioned non-display orientation recovering state to above-mentioned display orientation state.
16. the driving method of liquid crystal indicator, be that such liquid crystal indicator is carried out method of driving, this display device has the voltage attachment device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of sealing up for safekeeping in liquid crystal panel, changing the auxiliary voltage that utilizes this auxiliary voltage device to obtain shows, and having a state of orientation that shows with liquid crystal in order to keep, the auxiliary voltage that above-mentioned voltage attachment device is obtained is decided to be the device of the voltage limit more than the assigned voltage of needs; It is characterized by: when making the above-mentioned liquid crystal aligning state that carries out above-mentioned demonstration be the display orientation state, have non-display orientation states different with the display orientation state when afore mentioned rules voltage is following, control above-mentioned voltage limiting device, utilize the above voltage of the additional above-mentioned assigned voltage of above-mentioned voltage attachment device to show.
17. liquid crystal indicator, it has the voltage attachment device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of sealing up for safekeeping in liquid crystal panel, utilize above-mentioned voltage attachment device to show, it is characterized by: it has the black level voltage adjusting device, the black level voltage adjusting device is that the magnitude of voltage that shows black level during as black level display voltage value, is adjusted this black level display voltage value.
18. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: when increasing the voltage that is attached on the above-mentioned liquid crystal, penetrability is in case after reducing, just be transformed into increase.
19. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: the double refraction amount of above-mentioned liquid crystal is changed show.
20. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: have the adjusting gear that to adjust black level display voltage value separately and show the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage.
21. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: when adjusting black level display voltage value, show that the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage is constant.
22. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: have the pick-up unit that detects above-mentioned black level display voltage value.
23. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 22 is characterized by: have the luminous flux detection device that detects luminous flux, and corresponding with detected luminous flux, change the voltage attachment device that is attached to the voltage on the above-mentioned liquid crystal.
24. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
25. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
26. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 25 is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
27. LCD device preparation method, this liquid crystal indicator has the auxiliary voltage device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel, and show with above-mentioned auxiliary voltage device, when carrying out magnitude of voltage that black level shows as black level display voltage value, adjust the black level of this black level display voltage and adjust voltage device, it is characterized by: this LCD device preparation method has the operation of adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value.
28. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized by: when described liquid crystal indicator was attached to voltage on the above-mentioned liquid crystal in increase, penetrability was in case after reducing, penetrability promptly turns to the liquid crystal indicator of increase.
29. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized by: described liquid crystal indicator is the liquid crystal indicator that the double refraction amount of the above-mentioned liquid crystal of change shows.
30. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized by: the white level display voltage value of adjusting black level display voltage value and demonstration white level magnitude of voltage separately.
31. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized by: when adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value, above-mentioned white level display voltage value is constant.
32. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
33. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator is the R-OCB type.
34. LCD device preparation method as claimed in claim 33 is characterized by: above-mentioned R-OCB type contrast of LCD degree value is more than 10.
35. liquid crystal indicator, it has the voltage attachment device to the liquid crystal auxiliary voltage of sealing up for safekeeping in liquid crystal panel, change the auxiliary voltage that utilizes this auxiliary voltage device to obtain and show, it is characterized by: have the color adjusting gear of when showing black level, adjusting color.
36. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 35, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has a slice substrate at least and shows the color display device of multiple color, is different from black level display voltage value with respect to other colors with respect to the black level display voltage value of at least a color in above-mentioned multiple color shows.
37. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 36 is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is a colored filter.
38. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 36, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is to show in order to carry out multiple color, be located at the back light member at the back side of above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, this back light member is the back light member that adopts on sequential colorization lighting system basis.
39. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 35, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has a slice substrate at least, the pixel that has the multiple color that shows multiple color in this substrate has the thickness of liquid crystal layer of pixel of at least one color different with the thickness of liquid crystal layer of the pixel of other colors in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color.
40. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 39 is characterized by: the thickness with respect to the colored filter of the pixel of at least a color in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color is different with the colored filter thickness of the pixel of other colors.
41. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 35 is characterized by: the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel outside is provided with Polarizer, and the penetrability of this Polarizer is different in the certain wavelengths scope.
42. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 41 is characterized by: the penetrability maximum of above-mentioned Polarizer short wavelength side.
43. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 35 is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
44. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 35 is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
45. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 35 is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
46. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 45 is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
47. liquid crystal indicator is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows; It is characterized by: have back light member and carry out the color display device that multiple color shows; Corresponding at least a color showed during above-mentioned multiple color showed, showed that the black level display voltage value of black level is different with black level display voltage value corresponding to other colors demonstration black levels.
48. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: have and to carry out the independent device of adjusting to the white level display voltage value of black level display voltage value and demonstration white level magnitude of voltage.
49. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: when adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value, show that the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage is constant.
50. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is the colored filter with multiple color pixel.
51. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 50 is characterized by: the color of above-mentioned multiple color pixel be popular in penetrate, three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission.
52. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 51 is characterized by: black level display voltage value is minimum in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels in the color pixel of above-mentioned blue transmission.
53. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: have the black level adjusting gear.
54. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 53 is characterized by: the black level display voltage with above-mentioned shades of colour demonstration is worth the voltage adjusting device of a system of chain variation.
55. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 53 is characterized by: the black level display voltage with above-mentioned shades of colour demonstration is worth the voltage adjusting device of two systems of chain variation.
56. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 53 is characterized by: have the independent mechanism that adjusts above-mentioned versicolor black level display voltage value in shades of colour shows.
57. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is to show in order to carry out multiple color, be located at the back light member at the back side of above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, this back light member is the back light member that adopts on sequential colorization lighting system basis.
58. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 57 is characterized by: the color of carrying out the back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is shown as red demonstration, green demonstration, blue three kinds of colors demonstrations that show.
59. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 58 is characterized by: the black level display voltage value during the above-mentioned blue color that shows shows is minimum in above-mentioned three kinds of colors show.
60. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 58 is characterized by: the led pulse height that carries out the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from low to high.
61. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 58 is characterized by: the led pulse time of carrying out the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from being short to long.
62. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 57 is characterized by: the luminous flux that above-mentioned multiple color sees through when showing equates in shades of colour shows substantially.
63. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 57 is characterized by:, the led pulse height of the back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration, the balance of led pulse time are changed corresponding to the brightness of displayed image.
64. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: the double refraction amount of above-mentioned liquid crystal is changed show.
65. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
66. liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 47 is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator.
67. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 66, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
68. LCD device preparation method is to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, has the manufacture method of the liquid crystal indicator of the color display device of carrying out multiple color demonstration; It is characterized by: have with at least a color demonstration in the above-mentioned multiple color demonstration, adjust to the black level of different black level display voltage values and adjust operation.
69. LCD device preparation method, be to have the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied the auxiliary voltage device of auxiliary voltage and has the color display device that multiple color is shown, also have the independent manufacture method of adjusting the above-mentioned black level display voltage value and the liquid crystal indicator of the device of the white level display voltage value of the magnitude of voltage that shows white level, it is characterized by: operation with white level display voltage value of the magnitude of voltage of independently adjusting above-mentioned black level display voltage value and demonstration white level.
70., it is characterized by: when adjusting black level display voltage value, show that the white level display voltage value of white level magnitude of voltage is constant as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68.
71. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is the colored filter with multiple color pixel.
72., it is characterized by as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 71: the color of above-mentioned multiple color pixel be popular in penetrate, three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission.
73. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 72, it is characterized by: black level display voltage value is minimum in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels in the color pixel of above-mentioned blue transmission.
74. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68, it is characterized by: have the black level adjusting gear.
75. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68, it is characterized by: the black level display voltage with above-mentioned shades of colour demonstration is worth the above-mentioned voltage adjustment mechanism of a system of chain variation.
76. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68, it is characterized by: the black level display voltage with above-mentioned shades of colour demonstration is worth the above-mentioned voltage adjustment mechanism of two systems of chain variation.
77., it is characterized by: have the independent mechanism that adjusts above-mentioned versicolor black level display voltage value in shades of colour shows as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68.
78. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is to adopt the sequential colorization lighting system of the back light member that carries out multiple color demonstration.
79. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 78, it is characterized by: the color of carrying out the back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is shown as red demonstration, green demonstration, blue three kinds of colors demonstrations that show.
80. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 79, it is characterized by: the black level display voltage value during the color of above-mentioned blue transmission shows is minimum in above-mentioned three kinds of colors show.
81. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 80, it is characterized by: the led pulse height that carries out the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from low to high.
82. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 80, it is characterized by: the led pulse time of carrying out the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from being short to long.
83. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 79, it is characterized by: the luminous flux that above-mentioned multiple color sees through when showing equates in shades of colour shows substantially.
84., it is characterized by:, change the led pulse height, the balance of led pulse time that show corresponding back light member with above-mentioned multiple color corresponding to the brightness of displayed image as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 78.
85. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 68, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator is the structure that the double refraction amount of the above-mentioned liquid crystal of change shows.
86. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 86, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
87. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 86, it is characterized by: described liquid crystal indicator is the R-OCB type.
88. as the described LCD device preparation method of claim 87, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
89. liquid crystal indicator, has the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, change the auxiliary voltage that obtains with this auxiliary voltage device and show, it is characterized by: have the color adjusting gear of adjusting color when adjusting display white.
90. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: have a slice substrate and the color display device of carrying out multiple color demonstration at least, when the magnitude of voltage that shows white level was decided to be white level display voltage value, the white level display voltage value that shows at least a color in the above-mentioned multiple color demonstration was different with the white level display voltage value that shows for other colors.
91. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 90, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is the colored filter with multiple color pixel.
92. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 90, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is to show in order to carry out multiple color, be located at the back light member at the back side of above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, this back light member is the back light member that adopts on sequential colorization lighting system basis.
93. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: a slice substrate is at least arranged, the pixel that has the multiple color that shows multiple color in this substrate, the thickness of liquid crystal layer of the pixel of corresponding at least one color is different with the thickness of liquid crystal layer of the pixel of corresponding other colors in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color.
94. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 93, it is characterized by: the thickness for the colored filter of the pixel of at least a color in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color is different with the colored filter thickness for other color pixels.
95. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has a slice substrate at least, in order to show multiple color, in above-mentioned substrate, have multiple color pixel, in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, have effective elemental area of at least a color pixel different with effective elemental area of other color pixels.
96. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: a slice substrate is at least arranged in the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, have the multiple color pixel that shows multiple color in the above-mentioned substrate, in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color, have the penetrability of at least a color pixel different with the penetrability of other color pixels.
97. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: a slice substrate is at least arranged in the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, and above-mentioned substrate back has back light member, and the light intensity of this back light member in particular range of wavelengths is strong.
98. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 97, it is characterized by: the light intensity of above-mentioned back light member in the long scope of long wavelength's one side wave is strong.
99., it is characterized by: adopt black writing mode to show as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89.
100., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 99: a slice substrate is at least arranged, has the pixel of the multiple color that shows in the above-mentioned substrate, to black write time of at least a color pixel be different.
101. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
102. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 89, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
103., it is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 112.
104. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 103, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
105. liquid crystal indicator, be to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows, it is characterized by: have a slice substrate and the color display device that shows multiple color at least, the magnitude of voltage that shows white level during as white level display voltage value, to the white level display voltage value that at least a color in the above-mentioned multiple color demonstration shows, be different at least in a kind of color pixel.
106. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105, it is characterized by: the black level display voltage value that has when white level display voltage value and demonstration black level magnitude of voltage is carried out the independent device of adjusting.
107., it is characterized by: when adjusting above-mentioned white level display voltage value, show that the black level display voltage value of black level magnitude of voltage is constant as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105.
108. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is the colored filter with multiple color pixel.
109. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 108, it is characterized by: the demonstration white level magnitude of voltage of color pixel that sees through minimal wave length light in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color is the highest.
110., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 108: the color of above-mentioned multiple color pixel be popular in penetrate, three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission.
111. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 110, it is characterized by: the white level display voltage value in the color pixel of above-mentioned blue transmission is the highest in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels.
112., it is characterized by:, blue transmission＞green transmission 〉=be popular in relation of penetrating is arranged in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels in the white level display voltage value of the white level of expression in the above-mentioned color pixel as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 110.
113., it is characterized by: set white level display voltage value, the penetrability shades of colour when showing white level in the above-mentioned color pixel is all equated substantially as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 110.
114., it is characterized by: use black writing mode to show as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 108.
115., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 114: the color of above-mentioned multiple color pixel be popular in penetrate, three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission.
116. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 115, it is characterized by: white level display voltage value is the highest in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels in the color pixel of above-mentioned blue transmission.
117., it is characterized by:, blue transmission＞green transmission 〉=be popular in relation of penetrating is arranged in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels in the white level display voltage value of the white level of expression in the above-mentioned color pixel as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 115.
118. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color display device is to show in order to carry out multiple color, be located at the back light member at the back side of above-mentioned liquid crystal panel, this back light member is the back light member that adopts on sequential colorization lighting system basis.
119. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 118, it is characterized by: it is the highest to see through the white level display voltage value that the color of minimal wave length light shows during above-mentioned multiple color shows.
120., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 118: carry out the led pulse height of the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration, the highest in the color that sees through minimal wave length light shows.
121., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 118: carry out the led pulse time of the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration, the longest in the color that sees through minimal wave length light shows.
122. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 118, it is characterized by: the color of carrying out the back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is shown as red demonstration, green demonstration, blue three kinds of colors demonstrations that show.
123. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 122, it is characterized by: white level display voltage value was the highest in above-mentioned three kinds of colors show during the above-mentioned blue color that shows showed.
124. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 122, it is characterized by: the led pulse height that carries out the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from low to high.
125. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 122, it is characterized by: the led pulse time of carrying out the above-mentioned back light member of above-mentioned multiple color demonstration is blue demonstration＜green demonstration≤red demonstration from being short to long.
126. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 118, it is characterized by: the luminous flux that above-mentioned multiple color sees through when showing equates in shades of colour substantially.
127. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105, it is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
128. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
129., it is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 105.
130. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 129, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
131. liquid crystal indicator, be to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has a slice substrate at least, in order to show multiple color, in above-mentioned substrate, have multiple color pixel, in above-mentioned multiple color pixel, have effective elemental area of at least a color pixel different with effective elemental area of other color pixels.
132., it is characterized by: the effective elemental area minimum that sees through the color pixel of minimal wave length light in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 131.
133., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 131: above-mentioned multiple color pixel be popular in penetrate, three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission.
134. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 131, it is characterized by: the luminous flux when seeing through above-mentioned multiple color pixel equates in shades of colour substantially.
135., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 133: in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels, effective elemental area minimum of the color pixel of blue transmission.
136. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 131, it is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
137. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 131, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
138., it is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 131.
139. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 138, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
140. liquid crystal indicator, be that liquid crystal envelope is had in the liquid crystal panel of a slice substrate at least, has the auxiliary voltage device that liquid crystal is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows, it is characterized by: have the multiple color pixel that shows multiple color in the above-mentioned substrate, the penetrability of at least a color pixel is different with the penetrability of other color pixels in the pixel of above-mentioned multiple color.
141., it is characterized by: in the above-mentioned multiple color pixel, see through the penetrability minimum of the color pixel of minimal wave length light as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 140.
142., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 140: above-mentioned multiple color pixel be popular in penetrate, three kinds of green transmissions, blue transmission.
143. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 140, it is characterized by: the luminous flux when seeing through above-mentioned multiple color pixel equates in shades of colour substantially.
144., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 142: in above-mentioned three kinds of color pixels, effective elemental area minimum of the color pixel of blue transmission.
145. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 140, it is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
146. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 140, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
147., it is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 140.
148. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 147, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
149. liquid crystal indicator, be to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows, it is characterized by: there is back light member at the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel back side, and this back light member is strong in long wavelength's one sidelight intensity.
150., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149: in the emission wavelength of above-mentioned back light member, near brightness more than 2 times near the brightness the 610nm is 430nm.
151., it is characterized by as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149: in the emission wavelength of above-mentioned back light member, near brightness more than 1.78 times near the brightness the 610nm is 430nm.
152. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: in the luminous xy chromaticity coordinate of above-mentioned back light member, x is more than 0.32.
153. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: in the luminous xy chromaticity coordinate of above-mentioned back light member, x is more than 0.36.
154. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: in the luminous xy chromaticity coordinate of above-mentioned back light member, x is more than 0.40.
155. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: the colour balance to the fluorophor that constitutes above-mentioned back light member is adjusted.
156. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: above-mentioned back light member has color applicator.
157. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 156, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color applicator is a prismatic lens.
158. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 156, it is characterized by: above-mentioned back light member has the scattering device of band coloring.
159. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 158, it is characterized by: above-mentioned scattering device is a diffuser plate.
160. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 158, it is characterized by: above-mentioned scattering device is the scattering point of forming on the light guide plate of above-mentioned back light member.
161. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 156, it is characterized by: above-mentioned color applicator is a polarization conversion element.
162. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
163. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
164., it is characterized by: be R-OCB type liquid crystal indicator as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 149.
165. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 164, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 10.
166. liquid crystal indicator, be to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, the liquid crystal indicator that the auxiliary voltage that change obtains with this auxiliary voltage device shows, it is characterized by: have the color display device that liquid crystal is applied the voltage attachment device of auxiliary voltage and carries out multiple color demonstration, during above-mentioned multiple color shows, at least a color gray-scale displayed coefficient difference is arranged.
167. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 166, it is characterized by: the double refraction amount that changes above-mentioned liquid crystal shows.
168. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 166, it is characterized by: contrast value is more than 100.
169. liquid crystal indicator, be to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, change the auxiliary voltage that obtains with this auxiliary voltage device, the liquid crystal indicator that the double refraction amount of adjustment liquid crystal shows, it is characterized by: the phasic difference that liquid crystal has under the situation of auxiliary voltage when carrying out the demonstration of light transmission capacity minimum, the phasic difference that liquid crystal has under the situation of auxiliary voltage during with the demonstration of carrying out the light transmission capacity maximum, the difference between them is less than λ/2.
170. as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 169, it is characterized by: above-mentioned liquid crystal panel has pair of substrate, the direction that the liquid crystal that links to each other with pair of substrate tilts in advance is in the face of claiming the position relation such parallel-oriented structure of cardinal principle with respect to the central plane between the above-mentioned substrate.
171., it is characterized by: be OCB type liquid crystal indicator as the described liquid crystal indicator of claim 169.
172. as claim 1,20,35,47,89,105,131,140 and 149 described any liquid crystal indicators, be to have the auxiliary voltage device that the liquid crystal of sealing up for safekeeping in the liquid crystal panel is applied auxiliary voltage, change the auxiliary voltage that obtains with this auxiliary voltage device, the liquid crystal indicator that the double refraction amount of adjustment liquid crystal shows, it is characterized by: add and carry out the phasic difference that liquid crystal has under the minimum voltage condition that shows of light transmission capacity, carry out the phasic difference that liquid crystal has under the maximum voltage condition that shows of light transmission capacity with additional, the difference between them is less than λ/2.
CN 00814953 1999-10-26 2000-10-26 Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same, and method for driving liquid crystal display Pending CN1390317A (en)

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