CN1383945A

CN1383945A - Prepn of particle-reinforced composite material

Info

Publication number: CN1383945A
Application number: CN 02113062
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋润泽; 丁丽; 刘怀钧
Original assignee: JIANGSU PROV ELECTROCHEMICAL INST CO Ltd
Current assignee: JIANGSU PROV ELECTROCHEMICAL INST CO Ltd
Priority date: 2002-05-28
Filing date: 2002-05-28
Publication date: 2002-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 2022-05-28
Also published as: CN1191895C

Abstract

The particle-reinforced composite material casting process is used in preparing wear-resisting and heat resisting, wear-resistant and anticorrosive and other composite material. The process includes: fabricating formed plastic mold with channel in the part corresponding to the composite material part of casting; filling the channel with reinforcing particle stuffing before adhering different mold part; painting, stoving and molding; and vacuum casting. Through the disappeared mold and negative casting process, casting with composite material may be prepared easily. The present invention has the advantages of clear reinforcing particle leading to no inclusion and air void defect, optional composite location and homogeneous particle distribution.

Description

The preparation method of particulate reinforced composite

Technical field

The invention belongs to metal material field, a kind of technology that adopts particle to strengthen prepares the method for composite, is specially adapted to make the composite with combination property such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion.

Background technology

Have bad working environment in the many fields of industry, the work parts of requirement possess antiwear heat resisting or wear-and corrosion-resistant combination property simultaneously, thereby the material with single performance can not satisfy the demand of operating mode.Composite organically combines them by physics or chemical method owing to be with two kinds or above material with different qualities, display one's respective advantages, thereby material has the excellent comprehensive performance.In recent years, a large amount of work had been done in the research of composite material preparation process, developed kinds of processes.When these processes were used to make the non-ferrous metal composite, because the most of fusing points of non-ferrous metal are low, and wellability was good between a lot of enhancing particle, thereby has obtained good effect.Strengthen Al alloy composite as SiC and make piston, increase substantially service life.Yet for ferrous metal, because fusing point height, and strengthen wellability difference and mutual metallurgical reaction complexity between particle, therefore how to make easily and strengthen in the particle adding ferrous metal liquid, and it is evenly distributed effectively, be a difficult problem, this has a strong impact on the industrialization process that particle strengthens the ferrous metal composite always.For many years, the technical study that particle is strengthened the ferrous metal composite is one of key subjects of composite research always, has also obtained some achievements.Patent (publication number 1080221) has been introduced a kind of casting method that particle strengthens wearing composite material for preparing, its processing step is: carry out casting mold earlier, preparation size is the disappearance mould of minus deviation simultaneously, again the disappearance mould is put into casting mold, just forms the space like this between disappearance mould and casting mold.Hard particles is filled up in the space, and mould assembling vacuumizes cast, thereby forms the high-abrasive material that contains hard particles on the top layer.This method complex procedures can not be well uses the advantage of disappearance mould negative pressure casting technology, and production efficiency is low, and composite bed thickness and difficult quality guarantee.Also having the process of a large amount of reports of a kind of document is in-situ reaction, it is to obtain to strengthen particle by the chemical reaction of element-specific under the proper temperature condition, solved the uniformity that strengthens distribution of particles and with the wellability problem of matrix, but only obtain some effects in laboratory, owing to have complicated technology controlling and process, up to the present can't in actual production, apply.Using more technology in the actual production now is casting infiltration, and it is the coating that contains hard particles in the mo(U)ld face brushing, forms the complex abrasion-proof layer by modes such as diffusion, infiltrations at cast(ing) surface after the pouring molten iron.But problems such as there is casting infiltration layer thin (about 3mm) in this technology, and surface inclusion is many also are not mature technologies.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new composite material preparation process, the method for promptly utilizing disappearance mould negative pressure casting process characteristic to produce composite.The enough foolproof technology of this method energy will strengthen particle and add in the ferrous metal liquid, and it is evenly distributed effectively, produce rational composite.Performance of composites is determined jointly by the characteristic of mother metal of being poured into a mould and enhancing particle.

Purpose of the present invention realizes by following steps:

The preparation foam mould at the position that foundry goods need be made composite, is made into foam mould split type, wherein is shaped on groove at least a portion.For example:, wherein be shaped on groove on the body with foam mould separated into two parts (outer cover plate and body) bonding;

With after mixing the enhancing particle make and filling up groove, again the foam mould each several part is bondd;

Foam mould is coated, oven dry, moulding;

Vacuumize cast.

Foam mould decomposes gasification during cast, will strengthen distribution of particles in molten iron, forms composite.The present invention has following prioritization scheme:

When 1, preparing foam mould, the outer cover plate thickness is controlled at 6 ~ 10mm, for example about 8mm.It is yielding when too thin outer cover plate is made; Too thick enhancing particle is at foundry goods top layer skewness;

2, the big I of groove is determined according to foundry goods thickness, composite bed characteristic and pouring temperature etc. on the foamed plastics mould body.Open ended enhancing particle weight should be 0.8～1.2% of foundry goods composite bed weight in the general groove, as the thick 100mm of foundry goods, and composite bed weight 100Kg, then the channel volume sum is 75cm on the body ³As the thick 40mm of foundry goods, composite bed weight 100Kg, then the channel volume sum is 50cm on the body ³Deng;

The technology of the present invention not only can be used for the high-abrasive material particle and strengthens, and also can be used for heat-resisting and the enhancing of corrosion resistant material particle, but strengthen between particle and matrix material good wellability, amalgamation need be arranged.And the technology of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, and effect is remarkable, and important practical sense is arranged.The present invention has the following advantages: 1, strengthen the particle dry state and use, need not adding additives, thereby it is pure to strengthen particle surface, the composite bed quality is good, defectives such as nothing is mingled with, pore; 2, composite bed thickness can reach 30mm, also can carry out Composite Preparation at any local location; 3, utilize foam mould " stirring " effect when pyrolytic, can make that to strengthen distribution of particles more even molten iron on every side.Accompanying drawing 3 is a complex abrasion-proof layer metallographic structure picture, and as can be seen from Figure, WC strengthens even particle distribution, with the matrix good knitting.Particulate reinforced composite and congruent rich chromium cast iron are compared performance test, and the result is as follows:

1, hardness

2, wearability

Wear testing carries out load 1700g on ML-10 type pin disc type abrasion tester.

Test result shows that the congruent rich chromium cast iron hardness of hardness ratio that WC particle strengthens the rich chromium cast iron composite improves 3 ~ 4HRC, and wearability is doubled, and composite bed thickness can reach 30mm, obtains satisfied effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a product: the bar structure diagram;

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the foam mould structural representation;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a complex abrasion-proof layer metallographic structure picture.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1, and Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the structure diagram of product bar, and A, B two sides are to use face, requires to have high wearability, adopts the manufacturings of WC and rich chromium cast iron composite abrasion resistance material.Wc grain size is 50～100 orders, and the rich chromium cast iron trade mark is KmTBCr15.Present embodiment is above-mentioned composite abrasion resistance material preparation method, and with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4: by preparation foam mould 1 shown in Figure 3, the groove 2 on the body strengthens particle with dry, clean WC and inserts in the groove of foam mould; With foam mould bonding back swabbing, oven dry, moulding, vacuumize; The rich chromium cast iron molten iron that composition is qualified pours in the casting mold.1400 ℃ of pouring temperatures, cooling back shake out promptly obtains the composite abrasion resistance material foundry goods that A, B use face to strengthen as WC particle.Fig. 5 is a complex abrasion-proof layer metallographic structure picture.

Claims

1, a kind of preparation method of particulate reinforced composite, job step is as follows:

The preparation foam mould at the position that foundry goods need be made composite, is made into foam mould split type, wherein is shaped on groove at least a portion

With after mixing the enhancing particle make and filling up groove, again the foam mould each several part is bondd

Foam mould is coated, oven dry, moulding

Vacuumize cast.

2, according to the preparation method of the described particulate reinforced composite of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said split type foam mould, be meant the foam mould separated into two parts: outer cover plate and body wherein are shaped on groove on the body.

3, according to the preparation method of the described particulate reinforced composite of claim 2, it is characterized in that: during the preparation foam mould, wherein the THICKNESS CONTROL of outer cover plate is at 6 ~ 10mm.

4, according to the preparation method of the described particulate reinforced composite of claim 3, it is characterized in that: during the preparation foam mould, wherein the THICKNESS CONTROL of outer cover plate is at 8mm.

5, according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described particulate reinforced composites, it is characterized in that: the enhancing particle weight of holding in the groove is 0.8～1.2% of a foundry goods composite bed weight.