CN1378651A - 用于将位置估算值从第一收发器传递到第二收发器的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于将位置估算值从第一收发器传递到第二收发器的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1378651A
CN1378651A CN00813980A CN00813980A CN1378651A CN 1378651 A CN1378651 A CN 1378651A CN 00813980 A CN00813980 A CN 00813980A CN 00813980 A CN00813980 A CN 00813980A CN 1378651 A CN1378651 A CN 1378651A
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CN1217202C (zh
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约翰·道格拉斯·里德
杰克·安东尼·史密斯
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0072—Transmission between mobile stations, e.g. anti-collision systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
    • G01S19/05—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/0244—Accuracy or reliability of position solution or of measurements contributing thereto
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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Abstract

本发明公开了用于将位置估算值从多个无线收发器(122)的第一收发器(122)传递到第二收发器(132)的方法和装置。本发明利用结合在网络设备内的低功率短程辅助通信链路来与邻近设备相互作用,以获得设备当前位置的位置估算值。然后,可信度估算值(504)被分配给从与邻近设备相互作用获得的信息,并且确定是否更新所述位置估算值。

Description

用于将位置估算值从第一收发器传递到 第二收发器的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明一般涉及无线通信系统，尤其是涉及用于将位置估算值从多个无线收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器的方法和装置。
背景技术
为便携式收发器的连接需要服务的无线通信系统正快速地逐步发展为可链接的、多速(multi-speed)无线网络。例如，无线广域网(WAN)在大城市地区可提供相对低速连接，而许多无线短程网络(SRN)也可存在于整个所述地区中用于提供当地所需的短程高速连接。能够对等通信的便携式收发器，例如蓝牙设备，也能够与另一个能够独立于无线通信系统的固定部分运作的收发器一起构成专用SRN。
有时候，便携式收发器能够提出对信息的需要，所述信息从网络服务器提供，或者从位于与第一收发器同样的网络中的另一个收发器提供。信息可为各种不同的类型，一个很好的例子是服务器辅助的全球定位系统(GPS)信息，该信息能够极大地提高被用于位置确定的便携式收发器使用的GPS接收机的灵敏度和精度。典型地，网络服务器被安置在中央，例如在无线通信系统的中央控制器处，并且被通过无线WAN访问。当大多数便携式收发器是按GPS装配的，对网络服务器进行访问要求辅助的位置信息可在无线WAN中产生非常多的业务。这种业务不是所希望的，因为它可能增加系统的等待时间，并且存在使无线WAN超负荷的潜在可能性。
此外，许多收发器不具有位置查找能力，然而可以从本地或网络内的位置信息获益。因此，需要一种方法和装置，用于将位置估算值从多个收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器。可取的是，所述方法和装置将运作以极大地减少搜索和传递所述信息所需的无线WAN业务。
附图说明
所附的权利要求书中阐述了被认为是本发明的特点的新特征。然而，结合所附附图阅读时，通过参考下面详细的示例性实施例说明，将很好地了解本发明本身和最佳使用模式、进一步的目的、和其中的优点，其中：
图1为根据本发明的示范无线通信系统的电气方框图；
图2为根据本发明的收发器的示范对等运作模式的电气方框图；
图3为根据本发明的示范收发器的电气方框图；
图4为根据本发明描述收发器的运作的流程图；和
图5为根据本发明的方法和系统描述将位置估算值从多个收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器的过程的流程图。
具体实施方式
参见图1，根据本发明，描述示范无线通信系统的电气方框图包括固定部分102，其包括控制器112和多个常规基站116，所述通信系统还包括多个收发器122。可取的是，基站116利用常规射频(RF)技术与收发器122进行通信，并且通过常规通信链路114被连接到控制器112，所述控制器112控制基站116。
每一个基站116经天线118将RF信号发射到收发器122。可取的是，每一个基站116经天线118从多个收发器122接收RF信号。另外，本领域的普通技术人员将了解到，可以使用诸如红外线技术的其它无线通信技术在基站116和收发器122之间进行通信。
可取的是，利用电话链路101将控制器112连接到公共交换电话网(PSTN)以从那里接收已选择的呼叫消息源。例如，包括来自PSTN的语音或数据消息的可选择呼叫源可从被连接到PSTN的常规电话111或常规计算机117产生。另外，将了解到，其它类型网络，例如，仅举几个例子，局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、和因特网，可被用于接收可选择的呼叫源。控制器112也被连接到常规网络服务器108以提供收发器122请求的信息。可取的是，网络服务器108被连接到GPS接收机106以与网络服务器108合作将服务器辅助的GPS信息提供给收发器122。
本领域的普通技术人员将了解到，对于对等和短程通信，可以利用诸如蓝牙、Piano、IRDA、Home RF、和802.11之类的多种技术和协议。本领域的普通技术人员将进一步了解到，本发明可应用于多种不同类型的无线通信系统，举几个例子：包括蜂窝电话系统、干线调度系统、及语音和数据消息系统。
图2说明了根据本发明的收发器122的示范对等运作模式的电气方框图。在这种模式下，收发器122在它们自身之中形成一种专用短程网络。
图3为根据本发明的示范收发器122的电气方框图。收发器122包括天线304，用于接收接入呼叫或消息并用于发射呼出呼叫或消息。可取的是，天线304被连接到常规接收机308以接收接入呼叫或消息，并且被连接到常规发射机309以发射呼出呼叫或消息。根据本发明，接收机308和发射机309被连接到用于处理接入和呼出呼叫或消息并且用于控制收发器122的处理系统306。用户接口314也被连接到用于与用户接口的处理系统306。用户接口314可包括常规电话键盘320或常规键盘，用于请求执行操作和用于控制收发器122，常规显示器316，和用于当接入呼叫或消息到达时向用户报警的常规报警单元318。常规时钟307也被连接到处理系统306，用于支持收发器122的时间跟踪要求。
处理系统306包括常规处理器310和常规存储器312。根据本发明，存储器312包括用于对处理系统306进行编程的软件单元和数据。在优选实施例中，存储器312进一步包括消息处理单元314，用于对处理系统306进行编程以通过众所周知的技术处理消息。此外，存储器312包括位置信息处理程序316，用于对处理系统306进行编程以与控制器312一起配合操作通过诸如服务器辅助GPS技术的众所周知的技术处理位置信息。在所述的实施例中，收发器122还包括被连接到处理系统306的诸如GPS接收机之类的位置接收机334。
图4为根据本发明的描述收发器运作的流程图。流程起始于附图标号402，其中该步骤为对位置估算值需求的检测。接着，在附图标号404，该步骤中，接收第一收发器位置估算值和第一收发器位置估算值的预先确定的属性。接下来，在附图标号406，该步骤中，基于所述预先确定的属性接收第一收发器的位置估算值的已计算的可信度。最后，在附图标号408，该步骤中，基于所述已接收的位置估算值，确定是否更新第二收发器位置估算和可信度。
图5为根据本发明的方法和系统，描述将位置估算值从多个无线收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器的过程的流程图。流程起始于附图标号502，其中在该步骤中，进行对位置估算值需求的检测。接着，在附图标号504，该步骤中，执行从第一收发器发射第一收发器的位置估算值及第一收发器位置估算值的预先确定的属性。接下来，在附图标号506，该步骤中，基于所述预先确定的属性计算第一收发器的位置估算值的可信度。接下来，在附图标号508，该步骤中，在第二收发器中接收第一收发器的位置估算值和已计算的可信度。最后，在附图标号510，该步骤中，基于第一收发器的已接收的位置估算值和已计算的可信度确定是否更新第二收发器的位置估算值和可信度。
如上文所述，本发明包括一种方法和装置，其通过与邻近的设备相互作用获得用于设备的位置估算值。所述邻近设备可以使用任意数目的装置进行位置估算。然后，可信度估算值(Confidence estimate)被分配给从与邻近设备相互作用获得的信息。可使用多个参数来建立从邻近设备接收到的位置估算值的可信度，因此可信度可由下式确定：
                  CL＝c[CL(d1)]-bSEt式中：
CL＝从与邻近设备相互作用中获得的新的位置估算值的已计算的可信度。
S＝相对于该位置的第二用户的可信度衰减。从发射者(donor)到接收者(recipient)的每一轮次将看到这种可信度的衰减。
CL(d1)＝发射者设备的可信度，其中使用了预先确定的归一化标度，这种标度描述了估算精度、从测量发生起的时间、估算类型、信号强度等。例如，CL(d1)＝1用于及时的GPS读出；CL(d1)＝0.1用于第二代读出等。
b＝标度因子。
SE＝接收位置估算值和计算可信度的设备的速度估算值。例如，SE＝0，用于固定设备，且正比于速度而增加。
t＝时间，单位为秒。
同样，被分配给从与邻近设备相互作用获得的信息的可信度估算值可能是发射者位置估算值的可信度、自进行估算起的时间、接收单元的运动、用于获得位置估算值的方法、可将信息从一个设备复制到另一个设备的次数、信号强度和通信信号的质量等的函数。此外，诸如膝上型计算机、打印机等的固定设备可存储平均位置估算值与最大的可信度估算值，以改善用于这些设备的基线位置估算值。
本领域的普通技术人员将了解到，已选择的一些收发器可定位于固定位置。正如上文所述，一个例子为：收发器用作打印机、传真机、计算机等的无线接口设备。可取的是，此类固定收发器用描述所述收发器所在位置的位置信息预先编程。还可看到，为响应具有很可能为其它收发器关心的位置信息，例如通过消息的周期发射，收发器能够将位置信息的可用性登广告。
为了说明和描述的目的，已经提出本发明的最佳实施例的上述描述。不应当将上述描述认为是毫无遗漏的或者限制本发明为已公开的精确形式。根据上述教导，明显的修改和变化是可能的。选择并描述所述实施以提供本发明的原理和其实际应用的最好说明，并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够以各种不同的实施例和适用于特定用途的各种修改来利用本发明。所有这些修改和变化均位于如所附权利要求书确定的本发明的范围内，所附权利要求书以它们被公正地、合法地和公平地授权的保护范围进行解释。

Claims (18)

1.一种用于将位置估算值从多个无线收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器的方法，该方法包括步骤：
检测对位置估算的需要；
从第一收发器发射所述第一收发器的位置估算值和所述第一收发器的位置估算值的预先确定的属性；
基于预先确定的属性，计算所述第一收发器的位置估算值的可信度；
在第二收发器接收第一收发器位置估算值和所述已计算的可信度，所述第二收发器具有其自己的位置估算值和可信度；和
基于已接收的位置估算值和已计算的第一收发器的可信度，确定是否更新第二收发器的位置估算值和可信度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，包括基于下述其中之一调整位置估算值的可信度的步骤：
自接收已更新的位置估算值起的经过时间；
收发器运动的估算值；和
第一收发器到第二收发器的接近度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：衰减每一轮次交换位置估算值的可信度，从而减少第二和第三方信息的冲突。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：存储和平均来自具有最大的可信度的那些收发器的位置估算值，以改善用于那些收发器的基线位置估算值。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：利用第三收发器，以将第一收发器的位置估算值和可信度传送给第二收发器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括步骤：利用与每一个收发器所在位置相应的位置信息预先编程多个无线收发器中的固定的一些收发器。
7.一种用于将位置估算值从多个无线收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器的方法，该方法包括步骤：
检测对位置估算值的需要；
在第二收发器具有其自己的位置估算值和可信度并且响应检测步骤：
--接收第一收发器的位置估算值和所述第一收发器的位置估算值的预先确定的属性；
--基于预先确定的属性接收已计算的所述第一收发器的位置估算值的可信度；和
--基于已接收的位置估算值和已计算的所述第一收发器的可信度，确定是否更新第二收发器的位置估算值和可信度。
8.根据权利要求7的方法，其特征在于，包括基于下述其中之一调整位置估算值的可信度的步骤：
自接收已更新的位置估算值起的经过的时间；
收发器运动的估算值；和
第一收发器到第二收发器的接近度。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：利用每一轮次交换位置估算值衰减可信度，从而减少第二和第三方信息的冲突。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：存储和平均来自具有最大的可信度的那些收发器的位置估算值，以改善用于那些收发器的基线位置估算值。
11.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：利用第三收发器以将第一收发器的位置估算值和可信度传送给第二收发器。
12.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括步骤：利用与每一个收发器所在位置相应的位置信息预先编程多个无线收发器中的一些固定收发器。
13.一种用于将位置估算值从多个收发器的第一收发器传递到第二收发器的装置，所述第二收发器具有其自己的位置估算值和可信度，该装置包括：
适于接收所述位置估算值的接收机；
适于发射所述位置估算值的发射机；和
连接到所述接收机并连接到所述发射机的处理系统，所述处理系统被编程以进行：
--检测对位置估算值的需要；
--接收第一收发器的位置估算值和所述第一收发器位置估算值的预先确定的属性；
--基于所述预先确定的属性，计算所述第一收发器的位置估算值的可信度；和
--基于已接收的位置估算值和已计算的所述第一收发器的可信度，确定是否更新第二收发器的位置估算值和可信度。
14.根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，基于下述之一，所述处理系统被进一步编程以调整位置估算值的可信度：
自接收已更新的位置估算值起的经过的时间；
收发器运动的估算值；和
第一收发器到第二收发器的接近度。
15.根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于所述处理系统被进一步进行编程，以利用每一轮次交换位置估算值来衰减可信度，从而减少第二和第三方信息的冲突。
16.根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于所述处理系统被进一步进行编程，以存储和平均来自具有最大的可信度的那些收发器的位置估算值以改善用于那些收发器的基线位置估算值。
17.根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于所述处理系统被进一步进行编程，以利用第三收发器以将第一收发器的位置估算值和可信度传送给第二收发器。
18.根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于所述处理系统，被进一步用与多个无线收发器中的固定一些收发器所在位置相应的位置的位置信息进行编程。
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JP2003511991A (ja) 2003-03-25
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CN1217202C (zh) 2005-08-31
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