CN1372620A - 涡轮增压器 - Google Patents

涡轮增压器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1372620A
CN1372620A CN00812407A CN00812407A CN1372620A CN 1372620 A CN1372620 A CN 1372620A CN 00812407 A CN00812407 A CN 00812407A CN 00812407 A CN00812407 A CN 00812407A CN 1372620 A CN1372620 A CN 1372620A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
passage
turbosupercharger
described turbosupercharger
moulding
sleeve pipe
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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CN00812407A
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English (en)
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CN1268850C (zh
Inventor
布赖恩·霍奈
威廉·A·科诺尔
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Honeywell Ltd Great Britain
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Honeywell Ltd Great Britain
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Publication of CN1372620A publication Critical patent/CN1372620A/zh
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Publication of CN1268850C publication Critical patent/CN1268850C/zh
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/685—Inducing localised fluid recirculation in the stator-rotor interface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Abstract

一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器,该涡轮增压器包含:进气口;压缩机;压缩机壳体(2);在压缩机壳体(2)内成形的若干旁路通道(1),构成从进气口(8)到涡轮机的空气短路;以及用于控制旁路通道开启程度的装置,例如通过一个带有槽口造型(6)的可滑动或可旋转套管(5)来加以控制,该槽口造型与通道的造型相对应。这样可以提高稳定性和总效率。

Description

涡轮增压器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于内燃机尤其是变速发动机的涡轮增压器。
前景技术
在用于变速发动机的涡轮增压器中，优选的是采用相对较宽的压缩机，因为这样可以做到最大限度的控制。然而，压缩机宽度的增加通常会折损涡轮增压器的热力效率。当涡轮机气流受到旁路装置或变几何装置控制时尤其如此。引发目前问题的原因在于：将交替的压缩机叶片之前缘截短，以降低入口处的阻塞并因而提高最大流量。然而这种涡轮增压器在流动速率较低时的稳定性较差并且总效率下降。
发明内容
本发明是提供一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器，该涡轮增压器包含：进气口；压缩机壳体；在该压缩机壳体内成形的若干旁路通道，构成从进气口穿过壳体的空气短路；以及用于控制空气流经旁路通道(1)的装置。
优选地，用于控制空气流经旁路通道的装置由一个带有开口造型例如狭槽的可移动套管构成。狭槽的造型最好与壳体内通道的造型相对应，根据通道与开口的对准情况，该套管用于可选择地完全、部分、或根本不遮住通道。
根据一个实施例，套管可沿轴线方向移动，来控制通道的开口。
根据第二个实施例，套管可沿旋转运动方向滑动，以实现对流经通道的空气加以控制。
通道可以成形为环形造型或轴向造型，并且套管中的狭槽最好与之相对应。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明，并说明如何实现本发明，下面将以本文所附的唯一附图做为示例来加以说明，该图示出了根据本发明之用于涡轮增压器的压缩机局部的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
图中示出了涡轮增压器压缩机的进气口系统，其包含主进气口8以及压缩机壳体2，该壳体部分将另一个进气纵槽3直到壳体外围线4与叶轮7分隔开。在压缩机壳体2的壳壁中，有两条旁路通道1。通道的数量及其沿外围线4所处位置是可以改变的；为简化起见在图中只示出了两条通道。通道1使空气能够从进气纵槽3流向壳体外围线4。气流受到阀门套管5的控制，该套管内成形有阀口6。套管5根据需要可选择地遮住通道并阻止空气流经它们。将阀门套管5设计成可滑动或旋转，其方式是使通道1能够逐渐露出更大面积，使空气能够流经压缩机壳体2并流入叶轮7，或从叶轮7往回经壳体2流入进气口3，根据操作指令而定。在发动机低转速情况下，此时需要较低的压缩机气流，空气循环流经通道装置，以提高气流的稳定性(减小压缩机喘振)，而在发动机高转速、需要较高的压缩机气流时，额外的空气经通道流入叶轮。可采用本领域技术人员所熟知的方式对套管的位置进行电动控制。一种车载式微处理器适合于此用途。
以此方式可控制气流经过若干旁路通道，从而与发动机的运转状况相匹配。
可将通道1设置成能够让前端通道首先打开，然后随着套管5的滑动或旋转再将后续通道依次打开。空气在叶轮的不同位置进入叶轮7，这要随通道的布置以及它们被套管5所遮住的程度而定。
前部通道，亦即位于图中所示的左边，往往在气流较低速率下是很关键的，并影响到喘振极限。后部通道(亦即位于图中所示的右边)往往在气流较高速率下是很关键的，并影响到阻塞压力。
如图所示，阀门套管5沿轴向滑动，通过阀口6打开或遮闭通道1。然而，旋转运动也同样适用。
通道1可成形有大致呈环形或狭长形开口，或者也可以是完整圆周形的开口(亦即完全围绕阀门套管延伸)，在此情形下，当然必须具有额外的支架。阀门套管5可以沿轴向开槽以与这些支架啮合，用于沿轴向滑动以打开或遮闭旁路通道1。
在一个实施例中，通道1只沿圆周延伸一段，例如在每四分之一圆周中只延伸45度角的一段。将套管5上阀口6的造型设计成与压缩机壳体2中通道1的造型相匹配。因此在该例中，阀口6也是在同一轴向位置处分布有四段等距离间隔开的狭槽，每个狭槽沿圆周延伸大约45度。该角度最好是可以更改的，从而与通道的数量相匹配并做到逐次打开各个不同通道。
压缩机壳体2中的通道1可以垂直于压缩机壳体2的轴线，或者它们也可以与轴线形成一个锐角，亦即小于90度角。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器，该涡轮增压器包含：进气口(8)；压缩机壳体(2)；在压缩机壳体(2)内成形的若干旁路通道(1)，构成从进气口(8)穿过壳体(2)的空气短路；以及用于控制空气流经旁路通道(1)的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：用于控制空气流经旁路通道(1)的装置由一个带有开口(6)造型的可移动套管(5)构成。
3.如权利要求2所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：套管(5)中开口(6)的造型与壳体(2)内通道(1)的造型相对应。
4.如权利要求1，2或3所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：套管(5)可沿轴线方向移动，以控制空气流经通道(1)。
5.如权利要求.1，2或3所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：套管(5)可沿旋转运动方向滑动，以实现对流经通道(1)的空气加以控制。
6.如上述任一项权利要求所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：通道(1)成形为环形造型。
7.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：通道(1)成形为轴向造型。
8.如上述任一项权利要求所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：气流控制装置(5)是在微处理器控制下电动运行的，从而与车辆发动机的运转状况相匹配。
9.如上述任一项权利要求所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：将通道(1)设计成使得前端通道首先打开，然后使其它通道依次打开。
10.如上述任一项权利要求所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：通道(1)成形有大致呈环形的开口。
11.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：通道(1)成形有大致呈狭长形的开口。
12.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：通道(1)是圆周形的。
13.如上述任一项权利要求所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于：通道(1)与压缩机壳体(2)的轴线形成锐角。
CNB008124078A 1999-07-30 2000-07-28 涡轮增压器 Expired - Fee Related CN1268850C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9918072.1 1999-07-30
GBGB9918072.1A GB9918072D0 (en) 1999-07-30 1999-07-30 Turbocharger

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CN1372620A true CN1372620A (zh) 2002-10-02
CN1268850C CN1268850C (zh) 2006-08-09

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US (1) US6648594B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1200741B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1268850C (zh)
AT (1) ATE280329T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU6299500A (zh)
DE (2) DE60015139T2 (zh)
GB (1) GB9918072D0 (zh)
WO (1) WO2001009517A1 (zh)

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CN104481925A (zh) * 2014-11-27 2015-04-01 长城汽车股份有限公司 增压器压壳、增压器及车辆
CN105065329A (zh) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-18 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种有效拓宽压气机流量范围的双后槽机匣处理装置
CN108626177A (zh) * 2017-03-24 2018-10-09 现代自动车株式会社 压缩机
CN108626177B (zh) * 2017-03-24 2020-10-09 现代自动车株式会社 压缩机
CN111622978A (zh) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-04 三菱重工业株式会社 离心压缩机以及涡轮增压器
CN111622978B (zh) * 2019-02-27 2021-09-07 三菱重工业株式会社 离心压缩机以及涡轮增压器

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WO2001009517A1 (en) 2001-02-08
DE60015139T2 (de) 2006-07-13
AU6299500A (en) 2001-02-19
EP1200741A1 (en) 2002-05-02
ATE280329T1 (de) 2004-11-15
GB9918072D0 (en) 1999-10-06
EP1200741B1 (en) 2004-10-20
CN1268850C (zh) 2006-08-09
US6648594B1 (en) 2003-11-18
DE1200741T1 (de) 2002-10-17
DE60015139D1 (de) 2004-11-25

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