CN1370826A - Double outer-flow type fermenter for simulating rumen fermentation in laboratory - Google Patents
Double outer-flow type fermenter for simulating rumen fermentation in laboratory Download PDFInfo
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- CN1370826A CN1370826A CN 01104466 CN01104466A CN1370826A CN 1370826 A CN1370826 A CN 1370826A CN 01104466 CN01104466 CN 01104466 CN 01104466 A CN01104466 A CN 01104466A CN 1370826 A CN1370826 A CN 1370826A
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
- C12M27/08—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with different stirrer shapes in one shaft or axis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a double outer-flow type fermentor for simulating rumen fermentation of ruminant. The fermentor consists of fermenting tank, stirrer, motor, heater, feeding port, oxygen-free gas inlet, artificial saliva duct, and solid phase outwards flowing pipe and is characterized by the tubular protruding body, which is outside the side wall, communicated with the fermenting tank and provided with strainer, and the water bath as heater. The present invention has advantages of thoroughly stirring and heating of fermented matter, good simulating effect, convenient mounting and demounting of liquid phase strainer.
Description
The present invention relates to Animal nutrition laboratory a kind of fermentor tank commonly used, particularly relate to a kind of two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars that are used to simulate ruminant tumor gastric fermentations such as cattle and sheep.
In ruminant animal nutrition and digestion and metabolism research, use the cultured continuously experimental installation of simulation rumen fermentation to carry out the assessment of nutritional value of feed and the research of definite Animal nutrition material requirement usually.A kind of known cultured continuously experimental installation is a Univ Minnesota-Twin Cities USA in the eighties in 20th century developed (see Hannah etc., publish in Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1986, Vol.16:51-62).The key component of this experimental installation is a fermentor tank.It has functions such as automatic heating, stirring automatically, solid phase and the control of liquid phase outflow rate.Aspect the simulation rumen fermentation research, the major physiological parameter can be regulated and set to this device as required, is provided at the rumen zymosis simulated behavior research under the specific physiological condition.In this fermentor tank, the nichrome wire that is used to heat, thermostatic control probe, liquid filtration screen cloth etc. are installed in a volume only in the fermentor tank of 1L, and the magnetic agitation system has been adopted in the stirring of fermentation content.The main drawback of this design shows: (1) electrothermal tube has disadvantageous effect to cultivating the content direct heating to some responsive to temperature type microbial growth; (2) filter screen of control liquid phase outflow rate occupies the fermentor tank useful space, causes the fermentation content evenly to stir; (3) the normal stirring velocity of magnetic stirring apparatus is much higher than rumen peristalsis speed, is difficult to real simulation rumen zymosis process; (4) the liquid phase mesh screen is positioned at fermentor tank, and disassembling, assembling and replacing is difficulty very.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of new two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars, it is even that it should have the fermentation contents stirred, the unanimity of being heated, and stirring velocity and rumen peristalsis speed are complementary, and liquid phase mesh screen disassembling, assembling and replacing is characteristics easily.
The technical scheme of taking for achieving the above object comprises tank body 1, places the agitator 2 of tank body 1 inside, join with agitator 2 motor 17, heating unit, charging opening 9, oxygenless gas import 18, artificial saliva skirt 10, solid phase outflow pipe 7, it is characterized in that, sidewall at tank body 1 is provided with an outwards outstanding tubulose emergence 4, this tubulose emergence 4 communicates with tank body 1, in this tubulose emergence 4 filter screen 5 is housed; Heating unit is a water-bath 3, and tank body 1 places water-bath 3.
Two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of above-mentioned simulation rumen fermentation is characterized in that its agitator 2 is provided with two groups of flabellums up and down, on to organize flabellum 14 vertical and have the strip hole, the bottom surface of following group flabellum 15 and tank body 1 is angle; The material of tank body 1 is a stainless steel, is provided with transparent hagioscope on tank body; Be provided with miniature circulating pump 21 in the water-bath 3; Be provided with the electrothermal tube of two kinds of power of size in the water-bath 3; Motor 17 is a reducing motor.
Two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jar of the present invention has adopted independent tank body to carry out the design of outer heating system.At the additional tubulose emergence of tank wall, the filtering net of liquid phase outflow thing is located at wherein.Stirring system is installed in the tank body, and charging opening, the artificial saliva skirt that adds feed installed in the tank top, and anaerobic carbon dioxide inlet etc. is arranged at the tank body bottom.Stirring system is one and has the agitator of two groups of flabellums up and down through tank body, and on the top cover that its upper end is fixed on jar, insert on the special stainless steel base at jar end bottom.The driving of agitator is finished by reducing motor.
The enforcement of technique scheme has solved the key technical problem that existing two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jar exists.Its advantage is mainly reflected in following several respects: (1) moves the heating system outside jar, makes the fermentation content by indirect heating, even the microorganism of responsive to temperature type, also can not influence its growth because local temperature is too high in the fermentation content.(2) filter screen part of responsible liquid phase outflow rate control is moved in the tubulose emergence of tank body outside, tubulose emergence and tank body are integrated, not only do not influence the function of liquid phase outflow part, and when dismounting liquid phase mesh screen, do not relate to devices such as charging opening, agitator, artificial saliva skirt, so that the dismounting and cleaning of liquid phase mesh screen is very convenient; (3) stirring velocity of using the agitator that reducing motor drives is very near the peristaltic velocity of cud, abundant simulation rumen fermenting process, the good reproduction that has kept cud protozoon and indexs such as bacterial number, rumen ph, volatile fat acid content and microorganism combined coefficient to compare with cud test-results in vivo; (4) the outer of filter screen owing to heating system and the control of liquid phase outflow rate moves, make the flabellum of agitator can be up and down through tank body, add the fixing of agitator axle center, did not depart from the axle center when flabellum was rotated, and two groups of flabellums can guarantee the whole jar of fermented liquid unanimity that stirs effectively.In addition, two outflow laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation of the present invention also have beyond thought effect: the agitator of (1) two group of flabellum makes fermentation content surface be difficult for producing too much foam, thereby the phenomenon of having avoided foam to stop up the outer spout of solid phase takes place; (2) outside jar the fermentation content is concentrated heating by thermostat water bath, warm water makes the suffered homo(io)thermism of rumen zymosis liquid through the miniature circulating pump pump circulation in the water-bath, places temperature contrast scope＜0.1 ℃ between the different fermentations jar of same water-bath.
Fig. 1 is two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jar structure synoptic diagram of simulation rumen fermentation of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. organize 15. times groups of flabellum flabellum, 16. stir shaft bases, 17. motors, 18. oxygenless gas imports, 19. large power, electrically heat pipes, 20. small power electric heat pipes, 21. microcirculation pumps on tank body 2. agitators 3. water-baths 4. tubulose emergences 5. filter screens 6. liquid phases outflow pipe 7. solid phases outflow pipe 8. covers 9. charging openings 10. artificial saliva skirts 11. agitator bearings 12. stir shafts 13. cantilevers 14.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are further described:
As shown in Figure 1, fermentor tank comprises tank body (1), places inner agitator (2) of tank body (1) and the water-bath (3) that tank body (1) is heated.Tank body (1) is the stainless steel jar of 1-2L, and internal diameter is 12.5cm, high 30cm, the tubulose emergence (4) that it is 100-150ml that the one side is provided with a volume, the high 15cm of tubulose emergence (4) has the hole of one 1 * 6cm directly to communicate with tank body at its second position, and suitable for reading have plug to seal.Tubular stainless steel filtering net (5) is housed in the chamber of tubulose emergence (4), and its downside gets lodged on emergence and the hole that tank body communicates just.The mesh diameter of filter screen is the 50-80 micron, is quantitatively siphoned away by the auxiliary facility constant flow pump by airtight liquid phase outflow pipe (6) by the filterable fermentation content of this filter screen liquid portion.At the offside of the tubulose emergence (4) of tank body, it is the solid phase outflow pipe (7) of 2cm that a diameter is installed.Because tank body is opaque, the outside surface between tank body solid phase outflow thing outlet and tubular emergence is reserved an oval hagioscope, with the good vinyon sealing of transparency, makes the operator observe the running condition of fermentor tank inside easily again.Tank body top is cover (8), and charging opening (9) and artificial saliva skirt (10) are installed on it.Agitator (2) comprise agitator bearing (11), stir shaft (12), cantilever (13), on organize flabellum (14), organize flabellum (15) and stir shaft base (16) etc. down.Stir shaft (12) is fixed on the cover (8) by the bearing (11) that is installed in cover (8) centre.The upper end of stir shaft (12) links to each other with 10-30 rev/min reducing motor (17), the lower end is hemispherical, directly insert in the recess of stir shaft base (16) at jar center, the end, avoided agitator fully because swing is rebuffed stopping of may causing stirs phenomenon and takes place.A cantilever (13) is installed at 2/3 position on the stir shaft, and its length is used for the fixing group flabellum (14) of going up of balance than the little 10mm of tank body internal diameter.Last group of flabellum is two, and every is rectangle, and there are two bar shaped spaces the middle part, the resistance when stirring to reduce.Last group of flabellum is that its rotational plane is positioned under the fermentation content liquid level just in the installation position on the stir shaft, to avoid the content surface generation foam that ferments.Agitator down group flabellum (15) also be big or small identical two, directly is fixed on the stir shaft.Two groups of flabellum projections on horizontal plane are cross-shaped up and down.The blade face of organizing flabellum down is 60 ° of angles with a jar baseplane, and its lower edge is close to the bottom surface of fermentor tank, and the fermentation content that may be sunken to the bottom can both all be stirred, the logistics that forms rushes at group flabellum (14), taken away by it, go round and begin again, guarantee that the fermentation content is without any deposition.Below the tubulose emergence (4) of tank body, the stainless steel tube of one long 5cm, diameter 0.5cm is installed, as oxygenless gas carbon dioxide inlet (18), the outside joins by pressure hose and high-pressure carbon dioxide steel cylinder, the fermentation content is led in the inner, to keep the anaerobic environment of fermentation content.Tank body is fixed in the water-bath (3), and the heating of fermentation content is finished by the large power, electrically heat pipe (19) and the small power electric heat pipe (20) of water-bath.The power of large power, electrically heat pipe (19) is 2000 watts, and the power of small power electric heat pipe (20) is 800 watts.The large power, electrically heat pipe makes the fermentation content quickly heat up to 39 ℃ by linking with the time relay, implements the constant temperature that fermented material is kept in temperature compensation by the small power electric heat pipe by connecting with temperature controller then.Heating medium is a water in the water-bath.In order to guarantee water-bath homogeneous heating everywhere, one jiao of water-bath a range being installed is 2 meters miniature circulating pump (21), is used for the pump circulation of warm water.
The mode of operation of two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation is as follows: the high-power heating tube (19) of at first opening water-bath makes the fermentor tank rapid heating and by little electrothermal tube (20) constant temperature to 39 ℃, feed to be fermented is packed in the fermentor tank of preheating by charging opening (9) with rumen fluid, by the work of miniature circulating pump (21), keep the continuous circulation of warm water in water-bath.Open the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas bomb, make carbonic acid gas enter the fermentation content with the speed of per minute 100-200ml, to keep the anaerobic environment of fermenting process by the carbon dioxide import (18) on the fermentor tank.The artificial saliva skirt (10) that utilizes constant flow pump to pass through on the cover (8) imports artificial saliva in fermentor tank, to keep the pH condition of fermented liquid 6.8-7.2.The almost beginning of feed being fermented rumen microorganism starts the motor (17) that joins with agitator.By the transmission of stir shaft (12), the upward group flabellum (14) and the following group flabellum (15) of agitator are started working, and the stirring velocity and the rumen peristalsis speed of fermentation content are consistent.External flux by setting artificial saliva inlet and liquid phase fermentation content what, can reach desired liquid phase and solid phase content outflow rate.In most of the cases, the outflow rate of liquid phase and solid phase content per hour is set at 10% and 5% respectively, and it is similar to keep the interior situation of fermenting process and animal cud in the fermentor tank like this.During the fermentation, can observe the running condition of fermentor tank inside at any time by the hagioscope on the tank body, so that in time adjust as required.
Utilize two outflow laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation of the present invention to test, contrasted the fermentation parameter of the present invention and known equipment and ruminant tumor gastric, the results are shown in table 1.By more as can be seen, two outflow laboratory ferment jars of the present invention more known equipment on indexs such as wriggling or stirring velocity, anaerobic status, general volatile fatty acid content is better, and very near the situation of ruminant tumor gastric fermentation.So the present invention is the simulation rumen fermenting process more accurately.
The contrast project known equipment ruminant tumor gastric present device temperature of table 1 the present invention and known equipment and ruminant tumor gastric fermentation parameter (℃) general highly good ammonia nitrogen content (mg/100ml) the 12.2-17.3 9.8-12 6.9-15.0 bacterial number (* 10 of 39 37-40 39pH, 6.8 5.0-7.0 6.4-7.2 wriggling or mixing speed (number of times/minute) 65 3-5,4 anaerobic status9/ ml)-10-100 8-152 protozoon quantity (* 10
3/ ml)-1-100 2-54 general volatile content of fatty acid, (milli mole) 154-167 75-150 68-128 proportion of acetic acid, (%) 60-66 60-75 58-66 propionic acid content, (%) 19-22 15-20 22-25 butyric acid content, (%) 9-12 6-12 9-14 valeric acid content, (%) 2.5-2.8 1.1-1.2 0.8-2 organic matter digestibility, (%) 56-60 53-59 55-61
Claims (6)
1, (7) are managed in two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of a kind of simulation rumen fermentation motor (17), heating unit, charging opening (9), oxygenless gas import (18), artificial saliva skirt (10), solid phase outflow of comprising tank body (1), place the inner agitator (2) of tank body (1), joining with agitator (2), it is characterized in that, sidewall at tank body (1) is provided with an outwards outstanding tubulose emergence (4), this tubulose emergence (4) communicates with tank body (1), in this tubulose emergence (4) filter screen (5) is housed; Heating unit is water-bath (3), and tank body (1) places water-bath (3).
2, two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, its agitator (2) is provided with up and down two groups of flabellums, on to organize flabellum (14) vertical and have the strip hole, the bottom surface of following group flabellum (15) and tank body (1) is angle.
3, two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material of tank body (1) is a stainless steel, is provided with transparent hagioscope on tank body.
4, two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, are provided with miniature circulating pump (21) in the water-bath (3).
5, two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, are provided with the electrothermal tube of two kinds of power of size in the water-bath (3).
6, two outer flow pattern laboratory ferment jars of simulation rumen fermentation according to claim 1 is characterized in that motor (17) is a reducing motor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011044667A CN1152951C (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2001-02-27 | Double outer-flow type fermenter for simulating rumen fermentation in laboratory |
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| CNB011044667A CN1152951C (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2001-02-27 | Double outer-flow type fermenter for simulating rumen fermentation in laboratory |
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| CN1152951C CN1152951C (en) | 2004-06-09 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102174367A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-09-07 | 王之盛 | Artificial rumen device used for continuous multiple determination of pH value |
| CN101565673B (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2011-12-21 | 扬州大学 | Intelligent bionic rumen fermenter |
| CN102286359A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-21 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Solid-liquid-gas three phase flow-dividing rumen imitation continuous fermentation system and method |
| CN105274150A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-27 | 武汉摩尔生物科技有限公司 | Semi-artificial rumen method and device for efficient decomposition of plant fibers |
| CN106754315A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 湖北洛克泰克仪器有限公司 | A kind of reaction unit for simulating animal rumens fermentation |
| CN108485948A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-04 | 汇森生物设备镇江有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic magnetic agitation stainless steel fermentation tank |
| CN108728375A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-02 | 中国农业大学 | The in vitro culture and store method of cow rumen flora |
| CN108918282A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2018-11-30 | 福州大学 | A kind of temperature controlled pulse pilot system of band and its working method |
| CN109082370A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-25 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of artificial rumen and application method |
| CN110890008A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-17 | 天津开发区合普工贸有限公司 | Static type stomach function external substitution experimental device |
-
2001
- 2001-02-27 CN CNB011044667A patent/CN1152951C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101565673B (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2011-12-21 | 扬州大学 | Intelligent bionic rumen fermenter |
| CN102286359A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-21 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Solid-liquid-gas three phase flow-dividing rumen imitation continuous fermentation system and method |
| CN102286359B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-01-23 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Solid-liquid-gas three phase flow-dividing rumen imitation continuous fermentation system and method |
| CN102174367A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-09-07 | 王之盛 | Artificial rumen device used for continuous multiple determination of pH value |
| CN105274150A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-27 | 武汉摩尔生物科技有限公司 | Semi-artificial rumen method and device for efficient decomposition of plant fibers |
| CN106754315A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 湖北洛克泰克仪器有限公司 | A kind of reaction unit for simulating animal rumens fermentation |
| CN108728375A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-02 | 中国农业大学 | The in vitro culture and store method of cow rumen flora |
| CN108485948A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-04 | 汇森生物设备镇江有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic magnetic agitation stainless steel fermentation tank |
| CN108918282A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2018-11-30 | 福州大学 | A kind of temperature controlled pulse pilot system of band and its working method |
| CN109082370A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-25 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of artificial rumen and application method |
| CN109082370B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2024-05-03 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Artificial rumen and use method thereof |
| CN110890008A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-17 | 天津开发区合普工贸有限公司 | Static type stomach function external substitution experimental device |
| CN110890008B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2024-05-28 | 天津开发区合普工贸有限公司 | Static gastric function in-vitro substitution experimental device |
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