CN1353236A - Hydraulic oil soot exhauster with frequency-varying displacement-type speed control - Google Patents
Hydraulic oil soot exhauster with frequency-varying displacement-type speed control Download PDFInfo
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- CN1353236A CN1353236A CN01139018A CN01139018A CN1353236A CN 1353236 A CN1353236 A CN 1353236A CN 01139018 A CN01139018 A CN 01139018A CN 01139018 A CN01139018 A CN 01139018A CN 1353236 A CN1353236 A CN 1353236A
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Abstract
A hydraulic pumping unit is composed of mechanical facilities, detecting controller and hydraulic controller. It features that the voltage conversion and frequency conversion are used to control the speed of motor and in turn the speed of pumping unit, and a mechanical counter weight is used to reduce the power needed by pumping unit itself and effectively use the potential energy of downward stroke. Its advantages include optimal speed curve and efficiency, stepless speed and stroke regulation, and overload, off-load, overcurrent and instantaneous stall protections.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device of production fluid from well, particularly a kind of hydraulic pumping unit that is applicable to land producing oil.
Background technology
The sucker rod pumping machine is a kind of mechanical pumping unit that generally uses in the present oil field development, is divided into beam pumping unit and no beam pumping unit.Characteristics such as beam pumping unit is durable in use owing to it, element is reliable, easy to maintenance have obtained using widely in the oil field.But in the long-term use of beam pumping unit, exposed many problems:
1) installed power is big, and energy consumption height, efficient are low
Bulky, the complex structure of oil pumper, installed power is big.More than the installed capacity average out to 32.6KW of an oil pumper of onshore oil field, the year power consumption of China's onshore oil field sucker rod pumping machine is about 67.6 hundred million kilowatt hours at present.Because its huge balance weight, reducer, four-link mechanism and belt transmissioning mode in running, have expended lot of energy.In addition, motor can not be according to the load variations of the upper and lower operation stroke of oil pumper and is regulated its power output automatically, so the system effectiveness of oil pumper is very low.
2) can't require to realize control automatically according to oil well condition complicated and changeable
Its characteristics of motion of present mechanical type beam-pumping unit can't regulating in real time satisfies the working condition requirement of the different strokes of oil well, jig frequency, and beam pumping unit also can't solve the problems such as feed flow deficiency, pump efficiency reduction of oil pumper simultaneously.
Beam pumping unit can not be regulated its working law automatically according to the variation of oil well condition, thereby can not carry out automatic diagnosis and control to the oil well fault, and therefore many faults can't in time be found and avoid, thereby influence output, cause unnecessary waste.
On oil pumper, use hydraulic technique, realize long stroke, the low jig frequency of oil pumper easily, the complete machine weight of oil pumper and floor space are all reduced greatly.The hydraulic pumping unit parameter is easy to adjust, realizes stepless speed regulation easily, can adapt to the variation of hole condition well.In recent years, along with China oil field needs long stroke more and more, the oil pumper of low jig frequency improves the production fluid amount, people have studied multiple energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit, these oil pumpers are improving the operational factor of oil pumper, there has been certain progress the efficient aspect that improves oil pumper, but because how the hydraulic system of design is just merely from reclaiming the energy point of view of oil pumper down stroke, do not utilize the efficient of motor and hydraulic pump fully, the oil pumper adaptive ability is poor simultaneously, cause system effectiveness low, the oil pump energy-saving DeGrain, thereby effectively do not promoted.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of hydraulic pumping unit that improves hydraulic pump and motor efficiency and have the frequency conversion volumetric speed control control of self-regulation ability.
The technical solution used in the present invention is;
The hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control comprises mechanical device, detection control apparatus, hydraulic control device.
1) in mechanical device, the polished rod of oil pumper and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder are directly to be connected with balancing weight in being contained in guide rail by the wire rope that is contained on the roller of upper substrate two ends;
2) detection control apparatus: comprise the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed, AC vector frequency converter, control detecting unit, velocity location sensor; The AC vector frequency converter links to each other with motor through the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed, and the AC vector frequency converter also links to each other with motor, and the control detecting unit links to each other with AC vector frequency converter, solenoid operated directional valve, velocity location sensor respectively;
3) hydraulic control device: comprise hydraulic pump, motor, safety valve, manual pump, two pipe rupture valves, two hydraulic control one-way valves, solenoid operated directional valve, one way valve; Hydraulic pump passes through to link to each other with second, third pipeline respectively behind one way valve, first pipeline, the solenoid operated directional valve, second pipeline links to each other with the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder through first pipe rupture valve, the first hydraulic control system one way valve, the 3rd pipeline links to each other with the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder through second pipe rupture valve, the second hydraulic control system one way valve, motor is connected with the hydraulic pump rigidity is coaxial by shaft coupling, safety valve one end links to each other with first pipeline through the 4th pipeline, other end connected tank.
Manual pump one end links to each other with first pipeline through the 5th pipeline, other end connected tank.
The present invention is a rotating speed of controlling three-phase AC asynchronous motor by employing variable voltage variable frequency technology, thereby control quantitative hydraulic pump output flow reaches the purpose of controlling the hydraulic cylinder and then the control hydraulic pumping unit speed of service according to certain rules.As a kind of variable speed volumetric speed control mode, thereby frequency control can provide flow that the loss of system's overflow is dropped to bottom line by the needs of system.No matter how load changes in this frequency conversion drive volumetric speed control hydraulic pumping unit system, and input power can both adapt to the variation of loading demand.
The present invention becomes one hydraulic technique and converter technique, control technology, according to the duty that oil well condition comes the dynamic adjustments hydraulic pumping unit, has following characteristics:
1. adopt the balance mode of mechanical counterweight, reduced the installed power of oil pumper;
2. the present invention adopts Numeric Control Technology to control hydraulic pumping unit, by the control of control detecting unit, can make the speed of service of sucker rod, oil well pump reach desirable best curve;
3. by regulating the frequency of variable-frequency governor out-put supply, change motor speed, but utilize hydraulic volume speed control principle step-less adjustment oil pumper jig frequency, stroke.According to the difference of the upper and lower stroke of motor, regulate the power output of motor in real time, make motor always work in optimum state.Oil pumper-sucker rod-oil well pump can dynamically be coordinated, volume increase, energy-conservation obvious;
4. owing to use variable-frequency governor, the motor start-up electric current is significantly reduced, thereby prolonged the life-span of motor and hydraulic pump.Power factor of electric network increases substantially simultaneously, and starting current is steady, impacts little to electrical network;
5. owing to adopt numerically controlled converter technique, make that oil pumping system has been realized softly stopping, soft opening, at the uniform velocity promote discharge opeing and the feed liquor that at the uniform velocity descends, the complete machine stable working, operational shock load reduces;
6. have multiple stronger defencive functions such as overload, overcurrent, overvoltage, instantaneous stall;
7. the hydraulic pumping unit frequency-converting speed-governing control system adopts the sensor vector Closed loop Control.
In a word, the hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control combines hydraulic volume speed adjusting technique, computer technology, the frequency conversion control technique in the present age, software and hardware resources is abundant, and system's control makes it have advantages such as simple in structure, that energy-saving effect is remarkable, adaptivity is strong flexibly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control;
Fig. 2 is the hydraulic pumping unit schematic diagram of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control.
Among the figure, the hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control is made up of mechanical system 1, detection control system 2 and hydraulic system 3.Wherein 4 is side stands; the 5th, hydraulic cylinder; the 6th, piston rod, the 7th, guide rail, the 8th, mechanical counterweight; the 9th, wire rope; the 10th, roller, the 11st, upper substrate, the 12nd, roller support; the 13rd, the pedestal reinforcing rib; the 14th, polished rod eye, the 15th, polished rod, 16 is production tree; the 17th, oil pipe; 18 is the velocity location sensor, the 19th, and the buting iron on the piston rod 6,20; 21 is fluid pressure line; 22 is pedestal; 23 is strainer, and 24 is hydraulic pump, the 25th, and motor; the 26th, the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed of motor shaft; the 27th, the shaft coupling between motor and hydraulic pump, 28 is the AC vector frequency converter, the 29th, the control detecting unit; the 30th, safety valve; the 31st, manual pump, 32; the 33rd, pipe rupture valve, 34; 35 are the interlocking hydraulic control one-way valve; 36 solenoid operated directional valves; 37 is fuel tank, the 38th, and the motor photoelectric encoder is to the output signal of frequency converter, and the 39th, frequency converter is to the output signal of motor; the 40th, microcomputer control unit is to the output signal of frequency converter; the 41st, microcomputer control unit is to the output signal of solenoid operated directional valve, and the 42nd, oil pumper speed; position sensor is to the output signal of control detecting unit, and 43 is one way valve; 44; 45 are respectively under the oil cylinder piston; the protection travel switch of limes superiors position, 46; 47; 48 is pipeline.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control comprises mechanical device 1, detection control apparatus 2, and hydraulic control device 3, wherein:
1) in mechanical device 1, the polished rod 15 of oil pumper and the piston rod 6 of hydraulic cylinder 5 are directly to be connected with balancing weight 8 in being contained in guide rail 7 by the wire rope 9 that is contained on the upper substrate 11 two ends rollers 10;
2) detection control apparatus 2: comprise the photoelectric encoder 26 that tests the speed, AC vector frequency converter 28, control detecting unit 29, velocity location sensor 18; AC vector frequency converter 28 links to each other with motor 25 through the photoelectric encoder 26 that tests the speed, and AC vector frequency converter 28 also links to each other with motor 25, and control detecting unit 29 links to each other with AC vector frequency converter 28, solenoid operated directional valve 36, velocity location sensor 18 respectively;
3) hydraulic control device 3: comprise hydraulic pump 24, motor 25, safety valve 30,32,33, two hydraulic control one-way valves 34,35 of 31, two pipe rupture valves of manual pump, solenoid operated directional valve 36, one way valve 43; Hydraulic pump 24 passes through to link to each other with pipeline 20, pipeline 21 respectively behind one way valve 43, pipeline 47, the solenoid operated directional valve 36, pipeline 20 links to each other with the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 5 through pipe rupture valve 32, hydraulic control system one way valve 34, pipeline 21 links to each other with the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 5 through pipe rupture valve 33, hydraulic control system one way valve 35, motor 25 is by shaft coupling 27 and coaxial connection of hydraulic pump 24 rigidity, safety valve 30 1 ends 48 link to each other other end connected tank 37 with pipeline 47 by the road.Manual pump 31 1 ends 46 link to each other other end connected tank 37 with pipeline 47 by the road.
The selection of mechanical counterweight:
When upstroke, the power that sucker rod is suffered, maximum is about P
u=P
Bar+ P
Fluid columnWhen down stroke, the power that sucker rod is suffered, minimum is about P
d=P
BarP wherein
BarBe the net weight power of sucker rod in oil well.
The mechanical counterweight piece weight that we adopt is: P
Balace=(P
u+ P
d)/2=P
Bar+ P
Fluid column/ 2, pumping unit system is most effective at this moment; The configuration like this of balancing weight can make the installed power of oil pumper greatly reduce.Simultaneously because P
Balace＞P
BarSo no matter oil pumper all will drive the piston rod acting in the hydraulic cylinder in upstroke still is the running of down stroke.
The operating principle that oil pumper speed is directly fed back the variable frequency control hydraulic system is as follows:
A) up
During the oil pumper upstroke, control detecting unit 29 gives frequency converter 28 output control signals 40, drive motor 25 low-speed runnings; Control detecting unit 29 output control signals 41 simultaneously, solenoid operated directional valve 36 is got to right position; Motor 25 drives hydraulic pump 24 by shaft coupling 27, and fluid from the right position of fuel tank 37 through filter 23, one way valve 43, solenoid operated directional valve 36, is squeezed into pipeline 21, again through pipe rupture valve 33, one way valve 35, squeezes into the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 5; While is along with the rising of oil pressure in the pipeline 21, fluid will be pushed hydraulic control one-way valve 34 open, make the interior fluid of hydraulic cylinder 5 rodless cavities through one way valve 34, pipe rupture valve 32, pipeline 20, solenoid operated directional valve 36 right positions, flow back to fuel tank 37, thereby it is descending to promote oil cylinder 5, and it is up to drive sucker rod 15.In running, the signal 42 of control detecting unit 29 real-time detection speed position sensor 18 outputs, and calculate the speed of service and the displacement of oil pumper at this moment; Frequency converter 28 detects the signal 38 of photoelectric encoder 26 outputs, calculates the rotating speed of motor 25 this moment.In control detecting unit 29, the displacement signal of input is compared with predefined stroke, with the rate signal of input and after desirable speed of service curve compares, constantly output control signal 40 is to frequency converter 28, make the continuous output signal 39 of frequency converter regulate the rotating speed of motor 25, change the fluid flow that enters hydraulic cylinder 5, and then the speed of service of constantly regulating sucker rod 15, it is operated under the optimal duty.When the displacement of sucker rod when setting stroke, control detecting unit 29 sends control signal 40, frequency converter 28 reduces the rotating speed of motor 25, the fuel feeding of oil well pump 24 is reduced, become 0 until motor 25 rotating speeds, hydraulic pump 24 no flow outputs, hydraulic control one-way valve 34,35 is locked mutually simultaneously, and sucker rod 15 speed become 0.Sucker rod 15 will stay for some time by desirable rate curve after arriving upper dead point, and the deformation energy of sucker rod 15 is discharged.
B) descending
During the oil pumper down stroke, control detecting unit 29 gives frequency converter 28 output control signals 40, drive motor 25 low-speed runnings; Control detecting unit 29 output control signals 41 simultaneously, solenoid operated directional valve 36 is got to left position; Motor 25 drives hydraulic pump 24 by shaft coupling 27, and fluid from the left side position of fuel tank 37 through filter 23, one way valve 43, solenoid operated directional valve 36, is squeezed into pipeline 20, again through pipe rupture valve 32, one way valve 34, squeezes into the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 5; While is along with the rising of oil pressure in the pipeline 20, fluid will be pushed hydraulic control one-way valve 35 open, make the interior fluid of hydraulic cylinder 5 rod chambers through one way valve 35, pipe rupture valve 33, pipeline 21, position, solenoid operated directional valve 36 left side, flow back to fuel tank 37, thereby it is up to promote oil cylinder 5, and it is descending to drive sucker rod 15.In running, the signal 42 of control detecting unit 29 real-time detection speed position sensor 18 outputs, and calculate the speed of service and the displacement of oil pumper at this moment; Frequency converter 28 detects the signal 38 of photoelectric encoder 26 outputs, calculates the rotating speed of motor 25 this moment.In control detecting unit 29, the displacement signal of input is compared with predefined stroke, with the rate signal of input and after desirable speed of service curve compares, constantly output control signal 40 is to frequency converter 28, make the continuous output signal 39 of frequency converter regulate the rotating speed of motor 25, change the fluid flow that enters hydraulic cylinder 5, and then the speed of service of constantly regulating sucker rod 15, it is operated under the optimal duty.When the displacement of sucker rod when setting stroke, control detecting unit 29 sends control signal 40, frequency converter 28 reduces the rotating speed of motor 25, the fuel feeding of oil well pump 24 is reduced, become 0 until motor 25 rotating speeds, hydraulic pump 24 no flow outputs, hydraulic control one-way valve 34,35 is locked mutually simultaneously, and sucker rod 15 speed become 0.After sucker rod 15 arrives the down stroke dead point, to stay for some time, make the full coefficient of adding of oil well pump reach best by desirable rate curve.
In the upper and lower running of oil pumper, oil pumper speed, position signalling feed back to control detecting unit 29 in real time and note, by comparing with the desirable operation curve of setting in the control detecting unit 29, constitute the big closed loop of oil pumper speed feedback, thereby oil pumper speed is regulated control in real time, make it reach best oil recovery state.In the running of oil pumper, motor can constantly be regulated its power output according to the variation of load, and then has saved big energy.
Needed oil pumper stroke and jig frequency are input to control detecting unit 29, and control detecting unit 29 can be regulated the fluid flow that enters hydraulic cylinder 5 automatically, thus the jig frequency of regulating oil pumper; Automatically be provided with simultaneously, detect the position sensor of oil pumper, thereby regulate the stroke of oil pumper automatically.
In other building block of system, pipe rupture valve 32,33 is installed in respectively near on the pipeline 20,21 in hydraulic cylinder two chambeies.In the process of oil pumper work, oil pumper is because disconnected carrying can cause the pipeline 20 or 21 pressure of 24 of hydraulic cylinder 5 and hydraulic pumps to boost suddenly, and this moment, pipe rupture valve 32,33 entered duty fast, and cut-out hydraulic cylinder 5 oil circuits make the oil pumper safety arrestment.In the up stroke of oil pumper, because overload can make the outlet pressure of hydraulic pump 24 rise, this moment, safety valve 30 was opened rapidly, and pressure is remained on maximum working pressure, prevented that it from continuing to rise.
The same with safety valve 30, when manual pump 31 is in normal condition in system, do not participate in work.When system's dead electricity or frequency converter-motor-when the pump power link broke down, manual pump 31 can rise oil pumper or drop to desired locations.
When oil cylinder piston bar 6 is gone out its predetermined stroke owing to contingency, piston buting iron 19 will contact the protection travel switch 44,45 of oil cylinder piston bar 6 upper and lower extreme positions, force system cut-off, realize power-off protection.
Claims (2)
1. the hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control comprises mechanical device [1], detection control apparatus [2], and hydraulic control device [3] is characterized in that:
1) in mechanical device [1], the polished rod of oil pumper [15] and the piston rod [6] of hydraulic cylinder [5] are directly to be connected with balancing weight [8] in being contained in guide rail [7] by the wire rope [9] that is contained on upper substrate [11] the two ends rollers [10];
2) detection control apparatus [2]: comprise the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed [26], AC vector frequency converter [28], control detecting unit [29], velocity location sensor [18]; AC vector frequency converter [28] links to each other with motor [25] through the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed [26], AC vector frequency converter [28] also links to each other with motor [25], and control detecting unit [29] links to each other with AC vector frequency converter [28], solenoid operated directional valve [36], velocity location sensor [18] respectively;
3) hydraulic control device [3]: comprise hydraulic pump [24], motor [25], safety valve [30], manual pump [31], two pipe rupture valves [32], [33], two hydraulic control one-way valves [34], [35], solenoid operated directional valve [36], one way valve [43]; Hydraulic pump [24] is by one way valve [43], first pipeline [47], behind the solenoid operated directional valve [36] respectively with second pipeline [20], the 3rd pipeline [21] links to each other, second pipeline [20] is through first pipe rupture valve [32], the first hydraulic control system one way valve [34] links to each other with the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder [5], the 3rd pipeline [21] is through second pipe rupture valve [33], the second hydraulic control system one way valve [35] links to each other with the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder [5], motor [25] is by shaft coupling [27] and hydraulic pump [24] the coaxial connection of rigidity, safety valve [30] one ends link to each other with first pipeline [47] through the 4th pipeline [48], other end connected tank [37].
2. the hydraulic pumping unit of frequency conversion volumetric speed control control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: manual pump [31] one ends link to each other with first pipeline [47] through the 5th pipeline [46], other end connected tank [37].
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011390182A CN1142362C (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Hydraulic oil soot exhauster with frequency-varying displacement-type speed control |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011390182A CN1142362C (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Hydraulic oil soot exhauster with frequency-varying displacement-type speed control |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1353236A true CN1353236A (en) | 2002-06-12 |
| CN1142362C CN1142362C (en) | 2004-03-17 |
Family
ID=4674949
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011390182A Expired - Fee Related CN1142362C (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Hydraulic oil soot exhauster with frequency-varying displacement-type speed control |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1142362C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101871337A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-10-27 | 上海神源电气有限公司 | Method for controlling tower-type pumping unit |
| CN102900400A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江大学 | Compact hydraulic oil pumping machine adopting composited pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder |
| CN101660399B (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2013-06-19 | 徐正国 | Oil extractor with low cost, long stroke and low stroke frequency |
| CN103967449A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 博世力士乐（常州）有限公司 | Operational control system and corresponding control method of hydraulic pumping unit |
| CN109057756A (en) * | 2018-10-03 | 2018-12-21 | 肖国选 | Balanced type is without impact hydraulic pumping unit |
| CN113123766A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-16 | 姜经志 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly high-reliability pump control hydraulic system of hydraulic pumping unit |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1325756C (en) * | 2004-05-09 | 2007-07-11 | 浙江大学 | Enclosed return circuit hydraulic beam-pumping unit utilizing frequency conversion technology |
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2001
- 2001-11-29 CN CNB011390182A patent/CN1142362C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101660399B (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2013-06-19 | 徐正国 | Oil extractor with low cost, long stroke and low stroke frequency |
| CN101871337A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-10-27 | 上海神源电气有限公司 | Method for controlling tower-type pumping unit |
| CN101871337B (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-10-02 | 上海神源电气有限公司 | Method for controlling tower-type pumping unit |
| CN102900400A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江大学 | Compact hydraulic oil pumping machine adopting composited pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder |
| CN103967449A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 博世力士乐（常州）有限公司 | Operational control system and corresponding control method of hydraulic pumping unit |
| CN109057756A (en) * | 2018-10-03 | 2018-12-21 | 肖国选 | Balanced type is without impact hydraulic pumping unit |
| CN113123766A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-16 | 姜经志 | Energy-saving and environment-friendly high-reliability pump control hydraulic system of hydraulic pumping unit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1142362C (en) | 2004-03-17 |
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