CN1325756C - Enclosed return circuit hydraulic beam-pumping unit utilizing frequency conversion technology - Google Patents
Enclosed return circuit hydraulic beam-pumping unit utilizing frequency conversion technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1325756C CN1325756C CNB2004100182504A CN200410018250A CN1325756C CN 1325756 C CN1325756 C CN 1325756C CN B2004100182504 A CNB2004100182504 A CN B2004100182504A CN 200410018250 A CN200410018250 A CN 200410018250A CN 1325756 C CN1325756 C CN 1325756C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an enclosed loop hydraulic oil pumping machine utilizing a frequency conversion technique. The frequency conversion technique is used for controlling the rotation speed of a motor, the output flow rate of a pump, and consequently, the operation speed of the oil pumping machine. The oil pumping machine, a sucker rod and an oil well pump can dynamically coordinate, increase yield and obviously save energy. A frequency conversion and speed regulation device can provide flow rate according to the requirements of a system to reduce overflowing loss. No matter how the load changes, output power can adapt to the variation of requirement of the load. Thus, the output power has strong automatic control performance. An upper stroke switch, a lower stroke switch, a speed sensor, a displacement sensor and the like are used for realizing the vector closed-loop control technique to a motor, an electromagnet of a control valve and the like through a controller and a frequency changer to realize the functions of overloading protection, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, instantaneous speed loss protection, etc. With the purpose of improving the integral efficiency of the oil pumping machine, the enclosed loop hydraulic oil pumping machine reduces the installed power of the oil pumping machine, effectively uses the downstream energy of the oil pumping machine, and simultaneously improves the efficiency of a hydraulic pump and the motor to the utmost extent. The enclosed loop hydraulic oil pumping machine can be widely used for oil extraction in an oilfield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device of production fluid from well, relate in particular to a kind of closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit that adopts converter technique.
Background technology
At present, what generally use in the oil field development is a kind of mechanical pumping unit---rod beam-pumping unit is arranged, and it can be divided into beam pumping unit and no beam pumping unit.Characteristics such as beam pumping unit is durable in use owing to it, element is reliable, easy to maintenance are widely used in the oil field at present.But rod beam-pumping unit is arranged in its use, also exposes certain problem:
(1) installed power is big, energy consumption is high, efficient is low
Because bulky, the complex structure of beam pumping unit, thereby has very big installed power.Average every of the installed capacity of onshore oil field oil pumper at present is more than the 32.6kw, and the year power consumption of China's onshore oil field sucker rod pumping machine is about 67.6 hundred million kilowatt hours.Tracing it to its cause, is because its huge balance weight, reducer, four-link mechanism and belt transmissioning mode in running, have expended lot of energy.In addition, motor can not be according to the load variations of the upper and lower operation stroke of oil pumper and is regulated its power output automatically, so the system effectiveness of oil pumper is very low, only is about 26%.
(2) control performance is poor automatically
The operating mode of oil well is complicated and changeable, and present mechanical type beam-pumping unit can't be regulated the operating mode technological requirement that its characteristics of motion satisfies the different strokes of oil well, jig frequency in real time according to actual condition, and beam pumping unit also can't solve the problems such as feed flow deficiency, pump efficiency reduction of oil pumper simultaneously.Therefore can not carry out automatic diagnosis and control to the oil well fault, many faults (taking off etc. as sucker rod or oil well pump are disconnected) can't in time be found and avoid, thereby influence output and cause unnecessary waste.
In order to address the above problem, people use hydraulic technique on oil pumper, and the hydraulic pumping unit parameter is easy to adjust, realize stepless speed regulation easily, can adapt to the variation of hole condition well.And realize long stroke, the low jig frequency of oil pumper easily, thereby the complete machine weight of oil pumper and floor space are all reduced greatly.
In recent years, along with China oil field needs long stroke more and more, the oil pumper of low jig frequency improves the production fluid amount, people have studied multiple energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit, these oil pumpers are improving the operational factor of oil pumper, there has been certain progress the efficient aspect that improves oil pumper, but because mostly the hydraulic system of design is merely from how reclaiming the energy point of view of oil pumper down stroke, and do not utilize the efficient of motor and hydraulic pump fully, the oil pumper adaptive ability is poor simultaneously, cause system effectiveness low, the oil pump energy-saving DeGrain, thereby also just effectively do not promoted.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned energy consumption height of mentioning, the low deficiency that reaches the automatic control difference of efficient, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit that reduces the employing converter technique of installed power.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Scheme one: a kind of closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit that adopts converter technique, form by machinery, hydraulic pressure, automatically controlled three parts:
1) mechanical part: two pistons up and down and the hydraulic cylinder of cylinder plunger match, two piston spaces are equipped with the hydraulic cylinder dividing plate, steady pin is connected the cylinder plunger end with rolling wheel support with movable pulley, on the movable pulley around wire rope, wire rope one end is connected and fixed pedestal, the other end connects oil-extractor polish-rod, and oil-extractor polish-rod connects oil pick-up tube through production tree;
2) hydraulic part: two-way pump/motor one end links to each other with the upper piston oil pocket of hydraulic cylinder by first hydraulic control one-way valve through first fluid pressure line, the other end links to each other with oil pocket between the hydraulic cylinder dividing plate by second hydraulic control one-way valve and the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder through second fluid pressure line, forms a closed circuit master fluid pressure line; Link to each other oil-in and a control port, the high pressure of an end of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve and first fluid pressure line selects link to each other with first fluid pressure line oil-in of an end and the oil-out of first one way valve of shuttle valve to be connected with the oil-in of first hydraulic control one-way valve simultaneously; An oil-in of the other end that hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve links to each other with second fluid pressure line selects the oil-in of the continuous other end of the shuttle valve and second fluid pressure line and the second one way valve oil-out of first one way valve serial connection to be connected with the oil-in of second hydraulic control one-way valve simultaneously with a control port, high pressure; The oil-in connected tank of slippage pump, the oil-out of slippage pump connects respectively that first one way valve is connected in series a little with second one way valve and the oil-in of first safety overflow valve, the oil-in of second safety overflow valve connects hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve oil-out, and the oil-out that the oil-out of second safety overflow valve connects first safety overflow valve is connected tank behind cooler, spring-loaded one way valve respectively again; The oil-in of the 3rd safety overflow valve is connected on the oil-out that high pressure is selected shuttle valve, and the oil-out of the 3rd safety overflow valve connects first one way valve and is connected in series a little with second one way valve; High pressure selects another oil-out of shuttle valve to link to each other with the oil-in of solenoid operated directional valve through control fluid pressure pipe road, and the oil-out of solenoid operated directional valve links to each other with the control port of first hydraulic control one-way valve with second hydraulic control one-way valve respectively through control fluid pressure pipe road; The oil-in connected tank of constant displacement pump, the oil-out of constant displacement pump is connected the oil-out connected tank of the 4th safety overflow valve with the oil-in of the no bar oil pocket of hydraulic cylinder, accumulator, the 4th safety overflow valve respectively by the 3rd one way valve; The lower piston of hydraulic cylinder links to each other with fuel tank with oil pocket between the hydraulic cylinder dividing plate;
3) automatically controlled part: five signal inputs of controller by five signal line respectively with speed-displacement transducer; the protection switch of the high-low limit position of sucker rod; the upper-lower position travel switch links to each other; controller first signal output links to each other with the magnet control line of solenoid operated directional valve by the 6th holding wire; controller secondary signal delivery outlet links to each other with a signal input of frequency converter by the 7th holding wire; another signal input of frequency converter links to each other with photoelectric encoder by holding wire, and the frequency converter signal output links to each other with the motor of two-way pump/motor by another holding wire.
Scheme two: the another kind of closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit that adopts converter technique, form by machinery, hydraulic pressure, automatically controlled three parts:
1) mechanical part: two pistons up and down and the hydraulic cylinder of cylinder plunger match, two piston spaces are equipped with the hydraulic cylinder dividing plate, fixed pulley is housed on the stationary base mount, steady pin is connected the cylinder plunger end with rolling wheel support with movable pulley, on the movable pulley around wire rope, wire rope one end is connected and fixed pedestal, and the other end connects oil-extractor polish-rod through fixed pulley, and oil-extractor polish-rod connects oil pick-up tube through production tree;
2) hydraulic part: two-way pump/motor one end links to each other with the upper piston oil pocket of hydraulic cylinder by first hydraulic control one-way valve through first fluid pressure line, the other end links to each other with oil pocket between the hydraulic cylinder dividing plate by second hydraulic control one-way valve and the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder through second fluid pressure line, forms a closed circuit master fluid pressure line; Link to each other oil-in and a control port, the high pressure of an end of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve and first fluid pressure line selects link to each other with first fluid pressure line oil-in of an end and the oil-out of first one way valve of shuttle valve to be connected with the oil-in of first hydraulic control one-way valve simultaneously; An oil-in of the other end that hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve links to each other with second fluid pressure line selects the oil-in of the continuous other end of the shuttle valve and second fluid pressure line and the second one way valve oil-out of first one way valve serial connection to be connected with the oil-in of second hydraulic control one-way valve simultaneously with a control port, high pressure; The oil-in connected tank of slippage pump, the oil-out of slippage pump connects respectively that first one way valve is connected in series a little with second one way valve and the oil-in of first safety overflow valve, the oil-in of second safety overflow valve connects hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve oil-out, and the oil-out that the oil-out of second safety overflow valve connects first safety overflow valve is connected tank behind cooler, spring-loaded one way valve respectively again; The oil-in of the 3rd safety overflow valve is connected on the oil-out that high pressure is selected shuttle valve, and the oil-out of the 3rd safety overflow valve connects first one way valve and is connected in series a little with second one way valve; High pressure selects another oil-out of shuttle valve to link to each other with the oil-in of solenoid operated directional valve through control fluid pressure pipe road, and the oil-out of solenoid operated directional valve links to each other with the control port of first hydraulic control one-way valve with second hydraulic control one-way valve respectively through control fluid pressure pipe road; The oil-in connected tank of constant displacement pump, the oil-out of constant displacement pump by the 3rd one way valve respectively with the lower piston of hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate between oil pocket, accumulator, the oil-in of the 4th safety overflow valve be connected the oil-out connected tank of the 4th safety overflow valve; The no bar oil pocket of hydraulic cylinder links to each other with fuel tank;
3) automatically controlled part: five signal inputs of controller by five signal line respectively with speed-displacement transducer; the protection switch of the high-low limit position of sucker rod; the upper-lower position travel switch links to each other; controller first signal output links to each other with the magnet control line of solenoid operated directional valve by the 6th holding wire; controller secondary signal delivery outlet links to each other with a signal input of frequency converter by the 7th holding wire; another signal input of frequency converter links to each other with photoelectric encoder by holding wire, and the frequency converter signal output links to each other with the motor of two-way pump/motor by another holding wire.
The present invention compares with background technology, the useful effect that has is: the present invention has used the rotating speed that converter technique is controlled threephase asynchronous, thereby control pump output flow, reach the purpose of controlling the hydraulic cylinder and then the control hydraulic pumping unit speed of service according to certain rules, oil pumper-sucker rod-oil well pump can dynamically be coordinated, volume increase, energy-conservation obvious; Thereby frequency control can provide flow that the loss of system's overflow is dropped to bottom line by the needs of system, thus this system no matter how load changes, power output can both adapt to the variation of load request, has very strong automatic control.The present invention has used travel switch up and down; control panel such as speed, displacement transducer; realize vector Closed loop Control by controller, frequency converter, thereby realize multiple stronger defencive functions such as overload, overcurrent, overvoltage, instantaneous stall motor and control valve electromagnet etc.The present invention makes full use of the advantage of hydraulic system itself, and from improving the whole efficiency of oil pumper, at the installed power that reduces oil pumper, effectively utilize the descending energy of oil pumper in, improve hydraulic pump and efficiency of motor to greatest extent.In a word, this hydraulic pumping unit combines hydraulic volume speed adjusting technique, computer technology, the frequency conversion control technique in the present age, and software and hardware resources is abundant, and system's control makes it have advantages such as simple in structure, that energy-saving effect is remarkable, adaptivity is strong flexibly.This oil pumper can be widely used in the oil field and recover the oil.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an another kind of structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. fuel tank, 2. fluid pressure line, 3. constant displacement pump; 4. shaft coupling, 5. motor, 6. one way valve; 7. fluid pressure line; 8. accumulator, 9. safety overflow valve, 10; 11; 12. fluid pressure line; 13. cooler; 14; 16; 17; 18. fluid pressure line, 15. spring-loaded one way valves, 19. safety overflow valves; 20; 21. fluid pressure line; 22. motor, 23. shaft couplings, 24. two-way pump/motors; 25. photoelectric encoder; 26. slippage pump, 27. motors, 28. shaft couplings; 29. fluid pressure line; 30. holding wire, 31; 32; 33. fluid pressure line, 34; 35. one way valve; 36. fluid pressure line; 37. safety overflow valve, 38. fluid pressure lines, 39. high pressure are selected shuttle valve; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44. fluid pressure line; 45. hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve, 46; 47. fluid pressure line, 48. safety overflow valves; 49; 50; 51; 53. be fluid pressure line; 52; 54; the fluid pressure line of control oil 55. flow through, 56; 57. hydraulic control one-way valve, 58. solenoid operated directional valves; 59; 60. fluid pressure line; 61. sealing ring, 62; 65. be respectively sucker rod on; the protection switch of limit inferior position, 63; 64. be respectively; the upper/lower positions travel switch; 66. plunger upper end buting iron; 67. stationary base mount, 68. holding wires, 69. frequency converters; 70; 71. holding wire; 72. controller, 73; 74; 75; 76; 77. holding wire, 78. movable pulley; 79. wire rope; 80. rolling wheel support, 81. steady pins, 82. cylinder plungers; 83. hydraulic cylinder; 84. speed-displacement transducer, 85. oil-extractor polish-rods, 86. hydraulic cylinder dividing plates; 87. production tree; 88. oil pick-up tube, 89. fixed bottom boundaries, 90. fixed pulleys.Wherein, dotted line 52,54,55 is the hydraulic part content, and that flows in the expression fluid pressure line is oily for control, and 30,68,70,71,73,74,75,76,77 in dotted line is automatically controlled partial content, represents various electric control signals.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes:
Mechanical part: two pistons up and down and the hydraulic cylinder 83 of cylinder plunger 82 match, two piston spaces are equipped with hydraulic cylinder dividing plate 86, steady pin 81 is connected cylinder plunger 82 ends with rolling wheel support 80 with movable pulley 78, on the movable pulley 78 around wire rope 79, wire rope 79 1 ends are connected and fixed pedestal 67, the other end connects oil-extractor polish-rod 85, and oil-extractor polish-rod 85 connects oil pick-up tube 88 through production tree 87.
Hydraulic part: two-way pump/motor 24 1 ends link to each other with the oil-in of first hydraulic control one-way valve 56 by fluid pressure line 31, link to each other with the upper piston oil pocket 83A of hydraulic cylinder 83 by fluid pressure line 59 again, the other end links to each other with the oil-in of second hydraulic control one-way valve 57 by fluid pressure line 42, link to each other with the oil pocket 83B of 86 on hydraulic cylinder dividing plate with the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 by fluid pressure line 60 again, form a closed circuit master fluid pressure line; An oil-in of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve 45 1 ends links to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 31 of first hydraulic control one-way valve 56 by fluid pressure line 43, a control port of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve 45 links to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 31 of first hydraulic control one-way valve 56 by fluid pressure line 46, high pressure selects an oil-in of shuttle valve 39 1 ends to link to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 31 of first hydraulic control one-way valve 56 by fluid pressure line 40, and the oil-out of first one way valve 34 links to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 31 of first hydraulic control one-way valve 56 by fluid pressure line 32; An oil-in of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve 45 other ends links to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 42 of second hydraulic control one-way valve 57 by fluid pressure line 44, a control port of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve 45 links to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 42 of second hydraulic control one-way valve 57 by fluid pressure line 47, high pressure selects the oil-in of shuttle valve 39 other ends to link to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 42 of second hydraulic control one-way valve 57 by fluid pressure line 41, links to each other with the oil-in end fluid pressure line 42 of second hydraulic control one-way valve 57 by fluid pressure line 33 with second one way valve, 35 oil-outs of first one way valve, 34 serial connections; The oil-in of slippage pump 26 is by fluid pressure line 21 connected tanks 1, the other end links to each other with second one way valve, 35 serial connections point with first one way valve 34 by fluid pressure line 29 respectively, by fluid pressure line 29,20 link to each other with the oil-in of first safety overflow valve 19, the oil-in of second safety overflow valve 48 connects hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve 45 oil-outs, the oil-out of second safety overflow valve 48 connects the oil-out end of first safety overflow valve 19 by fluid pressure line 17, again by fluid pressure line 18, cooler 13, fluid pressure line 12 or through fluid pressure line 14, spring-loaded one way valve 15, fluid pressure line 16 back connected tanks 1; The oil-in of the 3rd safety overflow valve 37 connects the oil-out that high pressure is selected shuttle valve 39 by fluid pressure line 38, and the oil-out of the 3rd safety overflow valve 37 connects first one way valve 34 by fluid pressure line 36 and is connected in series a little with second one way valve 35; High pressure selects another oil-out of shuttle valve 39 to link to each other with the oil-in of solenoid operated directional valve 58 by control fluid pressure pipe road 52, the oil-out of solenoid operated directional valve 58 links to each other with the control port of first hydraulic control one-way valve 56 through control fluid pressure pipe road 54, links to each other with the control port of second hydraulic control one-way valve 57 through control fluid pressure pipe road 55; The oil-in of constant displacement pump 3 is by fluid pressure line 2 connected tanks 1, the oil-out of constant displacement pump 3 links to each other with the no bar oil pocket 83D of hydraulic cylinder 83 by fluid pressure line 7 respectively through the 3rd one way valve 6, link to each other with accumulator 8 by fluid pressure line 51, be connected by the oil-in of fluid pressure line 50 with the 4th safety overflow valve 9, the oil-out of the 4th safety overflow valve 9 is by fluid pressure line 10 connected tanks 1; The lower piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 links to each other with fuel tank 1 by fluid pressure line 11 with the oil pocket 83C of 86 on hydraulic cylinder dividing plate.
Automatically controlled part: five signal inputs of controller 72 are by five signal line 73; 74; 77; 75; 76 respectively with speed-displacement transducer 84; on the sucker rod; the protection switch 62 of limit inferior position; 65; on; upper/lower positions travel switch 63; 64 link to each other; controller 72 first signal outputs link to each other with the magnet control line of solenoid operated directional valve 58 by the 6th holding wire 68; controller 72 secondary signal delivery outlets link to each other with a signal input of frequency converter 69 by the 7th holding wire 71; frequency converter 69 another signal inputs link to each other with photoelectric encoder 25 by holding wire 30, and frequency converter 69 signal outputs link to each other with the motor 22 of two-way pump/motor 24 by another holding wire 70.
In Fig. 2 with Fig. 1 in difference be: its mechanical part in Fig. 2: two pistons up and down and the hydraulic cylinder 83 of cylinder plunger 82 match, two piston spaces are equipped with hydraulic cylinder dividing plate 86, fixed pulley 90 is housed on the stationary base mount 67, steady pin 81 is connected cylinder plunger 82 ends with rolling wheel support 80 with movable pulley 78, on the movable pulley 78 around wire rope 79, wire rope 79 1 ends are connected and fixed pedestal 67, the other end connects oil-extractor polish-rod 85 through fixed pulley 90, and oil-extractor polish-rod 85 connects oil pick-up tube 88 through production tree 87.The connected mode basically identical of above-mentioned hydraulic part, difference is: in Fig. 2, accumulator 8 outlet communicates with the oil pocket 83C of 86 on hydraulic cylinder dividing plate with the lower piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 by fluid pressure line 51,7, to realize its counterweigh function; The no bar oil pocket 83D of hydraulic cylinder 83 links to each other with fuel tank 1 by fluid pressure line 11.
Owing to the principle of two kinds of scheme hydraulic parts, automatically controlled part is basic identical, mainly be explained as follows with regard to a pair of its course of work principle of closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit energy conserving system scheme herein:
(1) plunger is up
During the oil pumper upstroke, controller 72 gives frequency converter 69 output control signals 71, and frequency converter 69 is by control signal 70 drive motors 22 low-speed runnings; Controller 72 output control signals 68 are got to right position with solenoid operated directional valve 58 simultaneously; Motor 22 drives two-way pump/motor 24 by shaft coupling 23, exports hydraulic oil in fluid pressure line 42, by fluid pressure line 42, through hydraulic control one-way valve 57, squeezes into the oil pocket 83B of 86 on the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate; Hydraulic oil in the fluid pressure line 42 is selected shuttle valve 39, is entered fluid pressure line 52 by fluid pressure line 41, high pressure as control oil at this moment, arrive hydraulic control one-way valve 56 through solenoid operated directional valve 58 right positions, fluid pressure line 54, hydraulic control one-way valve 56 is opened, so the fluid that flows out among the upper piston oil pocket 83A of above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder 83 can pass through hydraulic control one-way valve 56 smoothly; Entering hydraulic oil among the oil pocket 83B of 86 on the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate, to promote plunger 82 up, and it is up to drive movable pulley 78, and then it is up to drive sucker rod 85; In piston 82 up processes, the oil pocket 83B fluid that the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate are 86 is discharged from, be inhaled into once more among the two-way pump/motor 24 by fluid pressure line 59, hydraulic control one-way valve 56, fluid pressure line 31, the hydraulic oil that is excluded among the oil pocket 83C that the lower piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate are 86 is directly through fluid pressure line 11 oil sump tanks; The hydraulic oil that constant displacement pump 3 is got enters into hydraulic cylinder 83 through one way valve 6, fluid pressure line 51,7 no bar oil pocket 83D carries out repairing to the no bar oil pocket 83D of hydraulic cylinder 83, accumulator 8 communicates with the no bar oil pocket 83D of hydraulic cylinder 83 by fluid pressure line 51,7 on the other hand, make the no bar oil pocket 83D of hydraulic cylinder 83 keep a certain constant compression force, can be used for the load of a balance part, play the effect of counterweight.In running, the signal 73 of control controller 72 real-time detection speed-displacement transducer 84 outputs, and calculate the speed of service and the displacement of oil pumper at this moment; Frequency converter 69 detects the signal 30 of photoelectric encoder 25 outputs, calculates the rotating speed of motor 22 this moment.In controller 72, the displacement signal of input is compared with predefined stroke, with the rate signal of input and after desirable speed of service curve compares, constantly output control signal 71 is to frequency converter 69, make the continuous output signal 70 of frequency converter regulate the rotating speed of motor 22, change the fluid flow that enters hydraulic cylinder 83, and then the speed of service of constantly regulating sucker rod 85, it is operated under the optimal duty.When the displacement of sucker rod when setting stroke, plunger upper end buting iron 66 touches goes up position travel switch 63, make it produce control signal 75 to controller 72, controller 72 sends control signal 71 to frequency converter 69, frequency converter 69 reduces the rotating speed of motor 22 by control signal 70, the fuel feeding of two-way pump/motor 24 is reduced, until motor 22 rotating speed vanishing, no flow output, while solenoid operated directional valve 58 dead electricity, the control oil pressure of hydraulic control one-way valve 55,56 reduces to zero, makes hydraulic cylinder 83 be locked in the permanent position, stop motion, sucker rod 85 speed vanishing; Sucker rod 85 will stay for some time by desirable rate curve after arriving the upstroke positions, and the deformation energy of sucker rod 85 is discharged, and realize its reliable stop by above-mentioned locking loop this moment.
(2) plunger is descending
During the oil pumper down stroke, controller 72 gives frequency converter 69 output control signals 71, and frequency converter 69 is by control signal 70 drive motors 22 reverse low-speed runnings; Controller 72 output control signals 68 are got to right position with solenoid operated directional valve 58 simultaneously; Motor 22 drives two-way pump/motor 24 by shaft coupling 23, exports hydraulic oil in fluid pressure line 31, by fluid pressure line 31, squeezes among the upper piston oil pocket 83A of hydraulic cylinder 83 through hydraulic control one-way valve 56, fluid pressure line 59; Hydraulic oil in the fluid pressure line 31 is selected shuttle valve 39, is entered fluid pressure line 52 by fluid pressure line 40, high pressure as control oil at this moment, arrive hydraulic control one-way valve 57 through solenoid operated directional valve 58 right positions, fluid pressure line 54,55, hydraulic control one-way valve 57 is opened, so the fluid that flows out among the oil pocket 83B of 86 on the upper piston of above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate can pass through hydraulic control one-way valve 57 smoothly; Entering hydraulic oil among the upper piston oil pocket 83A of hydraulic cylinder 83, to promote the plunger 82 of hydraulic cylinder 83 descending, and it is descending to drive roller 78, and then it is descending to drive sucker rod 85; In piston 82 descending processes, the oil pocket 83B fluid that the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate are 86 is discharged from, be inhaled into once more among the two-way pump/motor 24 by fluid pressure line 60, hydraulic control one-way valve 57, fluid pressure line 42, the pressure among the upper piston oil pocket 83A of hydraulic cylinder 83 is got in utilization, and utilize the oil pumper down stroke to make energy that piston 82 is moved downwards, the no bar oil pocket 83D of part energy by hydraulic cylinder 83 among fluid pressure line 7,51 is recovered to accumulator 8, carried out the energy storage; The oil pocket 83C that the lower piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate are 86 links hydraulic cylinders 1 because volume becomes the big self-priming effect that produces by fluid pressure line 11, and repairing is carried out in oil suction in the oil pocket 83C of 86 on the lower piston of hydraulic cylinder 83 and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate.In running, the signal 73 of controller 72 real-time detection speed-displacement transducer 84 outputs, and calculate the speed of service and the displacement of oil pumper at this moment; Frequency converter 69 detects the signal 30 of photoelectric encoder 25 outputs, calculates the rotating speed of motor 22 this moment; In controller 72, the displacement signal of input is compared with predefined stroke, with the rate signal of input and after desirable speed of service curve compares, constantly output control signal 71 is to frequency converter 69, make the continuous output signal 70 of frequency converter regulate the rotating speed of motor 22, change the fluid flow in the output hydraulic cylinder 83, and then the speed of service of constantly regulating sucker rod 85, it is operated under the optimal duty.When the displacement of sucker rod when setting stroke, plunger upper end buting iron 66 touches upper/lower positions travel switch 64, make it produce control signal 76 to controller 72, controller 72 sends control signal 71 to frequency converter 69, frequency converter 69 reduces the rotating speed of motor 22 by control signal 70, the fuel feeding of two-way pump/motor 24 is reduced, until motor 22 rotating speed vanishing, no flow output, while solenoid operated directional valve 45 dead electricity, the control oil pressure of hydraulic control one-way valve 56,57 reduces to zero, makes hydraulic cylinder 83 be locked in the permanent position, stop motion, sucker rod 85 speed vanishing; After sucker rod 85 arrives down stroke position, also to stay for some time, make the full coefficient of adding of oil well pump reach best by desirable rate curve.
The principle and the scheme one of closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit energy conserving system scheme two are basic identical, and difference is that the descending process of scheme two plungers just is the upstroke process of oil pumper, and the up process of plunger then is an oil pumper down stroke process.
In the upper and lower running of oil pumper, oil pumper speed, position signalling feed back to controller 72 in real time and note, by comparing with the desirable operation curve of setting in the controller 72, constitute the big closed loop of oil pumper speed feedback, thereby oil pumper speed is regulated control in real time, make it reach best oil recovery state.In the running of oil pumper, motor can constantly be regulated its power output according to the variation of load, and then has saved big energy.
Needed oil pumper stroke and jig frequency number are input to controller 72, and controller 72 can be regulated the fluid flow that flows into, flows out hydraulic cylinder 83 automatically, thus the jig frequency of regulating oil pumper; Automatically be provided with simultaneously, detect speed, the displacement transducer of oil pumper, thereby regulate the stroke of oil pumper automatically.
Since the upper and lower stroke frequent operation of oil pumper, so system's fluid temperature rise is bigger, must adopt the cold system that is strictly, and native system adopts 26 pairs of closed circuits of slippage pump to force cooling circuit, realizes favorable cooling effect.
Native system adopts the closed hydraulic loop system, make that 83 two of hydraulic cylinders work cavity volume is that the interior fluid of oil pocket 83B of 86 on upper piston and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate of upper piston oil pocket 83A, the hydraulic cylinder 83 of hydraulic cylinder 83 is effectively utilized, saved the use amount of hydraulic oil greatly, simultaneously, the system architecture compactness, high safety.
Native system adopts the locking loop to realize the stop of end of travel oil pumper, has response soon, the locked secure reliable characteristics.
Adopt accumulator 8 to do configuration, the installed power of system is greatly reduced.Accumulator 8 produces certain pressure oil and acts on the plunger rod 82 of hydraulic cylinder 83, makes when sucker rod 85 upstrokes, and its active force is offset sucker rod 85 a part of gravity and impelled sucker rod 85 up; When sucker rod 85 down strokes, its active force still can be used to offset sucker rod part gravity, realizes its counterweight function, and the energy when can also be used to reclaiming the oil pumper down stroke is realized the utilization again of energy.Accumulator 8 has also played the effect that cushions the terminal mechanical shock of upper and lower stroke, makes that the operational effect of oil pumper is more stable.
When the plunger 82 of hydraulic cylinder 83 is gone out its predetermined stroke owing to contingency, plunger rod 82 upper end buting iron will contact the protection switch 62,65 of upper and lower extreme position, force system cut-off, realize power-off protection.
In other building block of system, when recording sucker rod 85, speed-displacement transducer 84 in the process of oil pumper work, meets accident speed when excessive, can produce control signal 68 at controller 72 makes solenoid operated directional valve 58 get to position, a left side, the control oil pressure of hydraulic control one- way valve 56,57 is zero, form self-locking circuit, realize the locking of hydraulic cylinder 83 oil circuits, make the oil pumper safety arrestment.In the up stroke of oil pumper, because overload can make the outlet pressure of two-way pump/motor 24 rise; this moment, safety overflow valve 37 can be opened rapidly; realize that closed circuit by the overflow protection of pressure duct to low pressure line, remains on maximum working pressure with pressure, prevent that it from continuing to rise.As seen native system has multiple protection functions on safe and reliable problem.
Claims (2)
1. closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit that adopts converter technique is characterized in that being made up of machinery, hydraulic pressure, automatically controlled three parts:
1) mechanical part: two pistons up and down and the hydraulic cylinder (83) of cylinder plunger (82) match, two piston spaces are equipped with hydraulic cylinder dividing plate (86), steady pin (81) is connected cylinder plunger (82) end with rolling wheel support (80) with movable pulley (78), movable pulley (78) is gone up around wire rope (79), wire rope (79) one ends are connected and fixed pedestal (67), the other end connects oil-extractor polish-rod (85), and oil-extractor polish-rod (85) connects oil pick-up tube (88) through production tree (87);
2) hydraulic part: two-way pump/motor (24) one ends link to each other with the upper piston oil pocket (83A) of hydraulic cylinder (83) by first hydraulic control one-way valve (56) through first fluid pressure line, the other end links to each other with oil pocket (83B) between hydraulic cylinder dividing plate (86) by second hydraulic control one-way valve (57) and the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder (83) through second fluid pressure line, forms a closed circuit master fluid pressure line; Link to each other oil-in and a control port, the high pressure of an end of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve (45) and first fluid pressure line selects link to each other with first fluid pressure line oil-in of an end and the oil-out of first one way valve (34) of shuttle valve (39) to be connected with the oil-in of first hydraulic control one-way valve (56) simultaneously; An oil-in of the other end that hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve (45) links to each other with second fluid pressure line selects the oil-in of the continuous other end of the shuttle valve (39) and second fluid pressure line and second one way valve (35) oil-out of first one way valve (34) serial connection to be connected with the oil-in of second hydraulic control one-way valve (57) simultaneously with a control port, high pressure; The oil-in connected tank (1) of slippage pump (26), the oil-out of slippage pump (26) connects respectively that first one way valve (34) is connected in series a little with second one way valve (35) and the oil-in of first safety overflow valve (19), the oil-in of second safety overflow valve (48) connects hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve (45) oil-out, and the oil-out that the oil-out of second safety overflow valve (48) connects first safety overflow valve (19) is connected tank (1) behind cooler (13), spring-loaded one way valve (15) respectively again; The oil-in of the 3rd safety overflow valve (37) is connected on the oil-out that high pressure is selected shuttle valve (39), and the oil-out of the 3rd safety overflow valve (37) connects first one way valve (34) and is connected in series a little with second one way valve (35); High pressure selects another oil-out of shuttle valve (39) to link to each other with the oil-in of solenoid operated directional valve (58) through control fluid pressure pipe road, and the oil-out of solenoid operated directional valve (58) links to each other with the control port of first hydraulic control one-way valve (56) with second hydraulic control one-way valve (57) respectively through control fluid pressure pipe road; The oil-in connected tank (1) of constant displacement pump (3), the oil-out of constant displacement pump (3) is connected the oil-out connected tank (1) of the 4th safety overflow valve (9) with the oil-in of the no bar oil pocket (83D) of hydraulic cylinder (83), accumulator (8), the 4th safety overflow valve (9) respectively by the 3rd one way valve (6); The lower piston of hydraulic cylinder (83) links to each other with fuel tank (1) with oil pocket (83C) between hydraulic cylinder dividing plate (86);
3) automatically controlled part: five signal inputs of controller (72) are by five signal line (73; 74; 77; 75; 76) respectively with speed one displacement transducer (84); the protection switch (62 of the high-low limit position of sucker rod; 65); upper-lower position travel switch (63; 64) link to each other; controller (72) first signal outputs link to each other with the magnet control line of solenoid operated directional valve (58) by the 6th holding wire (68); controller (72) secondary signal delivery outlet links to each other with a signal input of frequency converter (69) by the 7th holding wire (71); another signal input of frequency converter (69) links to each other with photoelectric encoder (25) by holding wire (30), and frequency converter (69) signal output links to each other with the motor (22) of two-way pump/motor (24) by another holding wire (70).
2. closed circuit hydraulic pumping unit that adopts converter technique is characterized in that being made up of machinery, hydraulic pressure, automatically controlled three parts:
1) mechanical part: two pistons up and down and the hydraulic cylinder (83) of cylinder plunger (82) match, two piston spaces are equipped with hydraulic cylinder dividing plate (86), fixed pulley (90) is housed on the stationary base mount (67), steady pin (81) is connected cylinder plunger (82) end with rolling wheel support (80) with movable pulley (78), movable pulley (78) is gone up around wire rope (79), wire rope (79) one ends are connected and fixed pedestal (67), the other end connects oil-extractor polish-rod (85) through fixed pulley (90), and oil-extractor polish-rod (85) connects oil pick-up tube (88) through production tree (87);
2) hydraulic part: two-way pump/motor (24) one ends link to each other with the upper piston oil pocket (83A) of hydraulic cylinder (83) by first hydraulic control one-way valve (56) through first fluid pressure line, the other end links to each other with oil pocket (83B) between hydraulic cylinder dividing plate (86) by second hydraulic control one-way valve (57) and the upper piston of hydraulic cylinder (83) through second fluid pressure line, forms a closed circuit master fluid pressure line; Link to each other oil-in and a control port, the high pressure of an end of hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve (45) and first fluid pressure line selects link to each other with first fluid pressure line oil-in of an end and the oil-out of first one way valve (34) of shuttle valve (39) to be connected with the oil-in of first hydraulic control one-way valve (56) simultaneously; An oil-in of the other end that hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve (45) links to each other with second fluid pressure line selects the oil-in of the continuous other end of the shuttle valve (39) and second fluid pressure line and second one way valve (35) oil-out of first one way valve (34) serial connection to be connected with the oil-in of second hydraulic control one-way valve (57) simultaneously with a control port, high pressure; The oil-in connected tank (1) of slippage pump (26), the oil-out of slippage pump (26) connects respectively that first one way valve (34) is connected in series a little with second one way valve (35) and the oil-in of first safety overflow valve (19), the oil-in of second safety overflow valve (48) connects hydraulic control 3-position 4-way rib valve (45) oil-out, and the oil-out that the oil-out of second safety overflow valve (48) connects first safety overflow valve (19) is connected tank (1) behind cooler (13), spring-loaded one way valve (15) respectively again; The oil-in of the 3rd safety overflow valve (37) is connected on the oil-out that high pressure is selected shuttle valve (39), and the oil-out of the 3rd safety overflow valve (37) connects first one way valve (34) and is connected in series a little with second one way valve (35); High pressure selects another oil-out of shuttle valve (39) to link to each other with the oil-in of solenoid operated directional valve (58) through control fluid pressure pipe road, and the oil-out of solenoid operated directional valve (58) links to each other with the control port of first hydraulic control one-way valve (56) with second hydraulic control one-way valve (57) respectively through control fluid pressure pipe road; The oil-in connected tank (1) of constant displacement pump (3), the oil-out of constant displacement pump (3) by the 3rd one way valve (6) respectively with the lower piston of hydraulic cylinder (83) and hydraulic cylinder dividing plate (86) between oil pocket (83C), accumulator (8), the oil-in of the 4th safety overflow valve (9) be connected the oil-out connected tank (1) of the 4th safety overflow valve (9); The no bar oil pocket (83D) of hydraulic cylinder (83) links to each other with fuel tank (1);
3) automatically controlled part: five signal inputs of controller (72) are by five signal line (73; 74; 77; 75; 76) respectively with speed-displacement transducer (84); the protection switch (62 of the high-low limit position of sucker rod; 65); upper-lower position travel switch (63; 64) link to each other; controller (72) first signal outputs link to each other with the magnet control line of solenoid operated directional valve (58) by the 6th holding wire (68); controller (72) secondary signal delivery outlet links to each other with a signal input of frequency converter (69) by the 7th holding wire (71); another signal input of frequency converter (69) links to each other with photoelectric encoder (25) by holding wire (30), and frequency converter (69) signal output links to each other with the motor (22) of two-way pump/motor (24) by another holding wire (70).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100182504A CN1325756C (en) | 2004-05-09 | 2004-05-09 | Enclosed return circuit hydraulic beam-pumping unit utilizing frequency conversion technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100182504A CN1325756C (en) | 2004-05-09 | 2004-05-09 | Enclosed return circuit hydraulic beam-pumping unit utilizing frequency conversion technology |
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| CN1570346A CN1570346A (en) | 2005-01-26 |
| CN1325756C true CN1325756C (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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| CNB2004100182504A Expired - Fee Related CN1325756C (en) | 2004-05-09 | 2004-05-09 | Enclosed return circuit hydraulic beam-pumping unit utilizing frequency conversion technology |
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| CN107859503B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2023-11-03 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Energy-saving closed hydraulic pumping unit |
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