CN1351438A - 具有混合式自动重发请求的分组数据传送方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了一种利用混合式ARQ技术在通信系统中将分组数据传送到接收机的方法。根据本发明的一个说明性的实施例,当在分组解码步骤期间出现差错时,将一个表示所传送第一分组破坏程度的指数(诸如信噪比(Eb/No))与一个预定阈值比较。如果该指数大于或等于阈值,将所传送的第一分组存储在缓冲器中,接收机请求传送用较低编码率编码的另外的第二分组。另一方面,如果该指数低于阈值,接收机请求重发用相同编码率编码的第一分组。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及分组数据传输,特别是涉及一种利用混合式ARQ(自动重发请求)方案传送分组数据的方法,其中分组重发请求依赖于一个表示所传送的第一分组数据的破坏程度的指数。
背景技术
通常,自动重发请求(ARQ)和前向纠错(FEC)是通常用于许多通信系统的熟知的差错控制技术。在利用ARQ的通信系统中,如果根本没有收到或错误地收到数据,则接收系统做出重发数据的请求。因此,ARQ的目的在于通过将同一数据重发到接收系统直到接收系统收到无差错的数据,来增加分组数据传输的可靠性。ARQ技术提供非常可靠的通信,但也引入了不期望的延迟,降低了系统的数据通过率。
另一方面,FEC技术利用纠错码来修正延迟误差。因此,合并了ARQ和FEC技术的类型1的混合式ARQ方案的目的在于,具有FEC技术的延迟纠错能力和基本ARQ方案的低差错率,因此增强传输的可靠性和数据通过率。
在类型2的混合式ARQ方案中,发射机最初传送用一给定编码率编码的分组。当接收机由于出现差错而请求重发分组时,该发射机只传送用一较低编码率编码的冗余位。然后所传送的冗余位与已经存储在接收机中的原始数据组合并进行解码。
图1是表示1/2速率卷积编码器结构的方框图,该编码器用于根据现有技术类型2的混合式ARQ的发射机中。从图1可以看出,该编码器包括穿孔部分(puncturing part)和编码率等于1/2的编码部分。该发射机通过改变其穿孔码型来降低编码率,因此冗余位可以用较低的编码率解码。
根据类型2的混合式ARQ方案中的分组传输,该类型2的混合式ARQ方案利用根据现有技术的停等式(SAW)方法,发射机最初将分组传送到接收机。然后接收机检查其缓冲器是否已空。缓冲器是否为空的事实将决定所传送的分组是否可自解码。换句话说,如果缓冲器是空的则所传送的分组可自解码,如果没有空则所传送的分组不可自解码。因此,如果缓冲器是空的则接收机解码该分组。下一个步骤是检查是否出错。如果没有出错,则接收机清空其缓冲器并请求发送下一个分组。否则,接收机将分组存储在缓冲器中并请求发射机重发该分组。
如果位于接收机中的缓冲器没有空,则把不可自解码的重发分组与已经存储在缓冲器中的分组组合,并进行解码。
根据用于现有技术的混合式ARQ方法,如果信道环境变差,则系统的数据通过率降低并且传输差错数增加。另外,当最初传送的分组被衰落严重破坏时,因为这些分组不可自解码,所以在与重发的冗余位组合之后很难进行解码。
发明内容
相应地,本发明提供一种利用混合式ARQ(自动重发请求)方案传送分组数据的方法,该方法基本上克服了由于相关技术的局限和缺点而导致的一个或多个问题。
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用混合式ARQ方案传送分组数据的方法,其中分组数据重发请求依赖于一个表示第一次传送的分组数据的破坏程度的指数,因此传输可靠性可得到极大的改进。
本发明的其它优点、目的和特征将在随后的描述中部分地阐明,对阅读下面描述的本领域普通技术人员来说部分地将变得清楚或者可以从本发明的实践中学习。通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中特别指出的结构可以实现和获得本发明的目的和其它优点。
为了实现这些目的和其它优点和根据本发明的目的,正如这里具体表达和广泛描述的,一种利用混合式ARQ技术在通信系统中将分组数据传送到接收机的方法包括:将用第一编码率编码的第一分组传送到接收机,如果接收机中使用的缓冲器是空的则在接收机中解码第一分组,如果在解码过程期间出现差错,则将一个表示第一分组被破坏程度的指数和一个预定阈值比较,如果该指数大于或等于阈值,就将第一分组存储在缓冲器中并请求传送另一个用较低编码率编码的分组,如果该指数低于阈值就请求重发第一分组,如果在解码第一分组的步骤期间没有出错,就清空缓冲器并准备好下一个分组数据的传输。
该方法进一步包括:如果缓冲器没有空就组合第一分组和已经存储在缓冲器中的初始分组并解码该组合的分组,如果在解码该组合分组时出现差错,就请求传送用较低编码率编码的另外的第二分组,如果在组合和解码步骤期间没有出错,就清空缓冲器并准备好下一个分组数据的传输。
可以理解本发明前面的一般性描述和下面的详细描述都是示范性和解释性的,并希望对权利要求书所要求保护的本发明提供进一步的解释。
附图说明
被包含以提供对本发明进一步理解和并构成此申请一部分的附图说明本发明的实施例并和说明书一起来解释本发明的原理。附图中:
图1说明1/2速率卷积编码器结构,该编码器用于根据现有技术使用类型2的混合式ARQ的发射机中;和
图2是说明在利用类型2的混合式ARQ方案的通信系统中根据本发明将分组传送到接收机的步骤的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图中的例子详细说明本发明的优选实施例。
当前的混合式ARQ方案组合了前向纠错(FEC)和自动重发请求(ARQ)技术,因此可以增强通信系统中的数据传输可靠性和数据通过率。ARQ的目的在于通过将同一数据重发到接收系统直到接收系统收到无差错的数据来增加分组数据传输的可靠性。另一方面,FEC技术利用纠错码来修正由于差的信道环境而出现的延迟误差。
在利用类型1的混合式ARQ的系统中,如果解码所传送分组时出现差错,则再次重发相同的分组。通常,加入FEC技术有助于增加具有差信道环境的系统的数据通过率。但是,当信道环境相当稳定时,类型1的混合式ARQ中FEC技术与ARQ的组合对系统的数据通过率具有负面影响。这就是引入类型2的混合式ARQ的原因。
在类型2的混合式ARQ方案中,发射机最初传送用最高编码率编码的数据。当接收机由于出现差错而请求重发数据时,该发射机只传送用一较低编码率编码的冗余位。然后冗余位被加到原始数据中并在接收机中解码。
图2是说明在利用类型2的混合式ARQ方案的通信系统中根据本发明将分组传送到接收机的步骤的流程图。首先,接收机接收来自发射机的分组(S10)。传送到接收机的第一分组由一种穿孔码型穿孔,该码型是具有4/5编码率的a(1)=[1110,1001]。当接收机请求重发时,发射机将其编码率降低到4/6、4/7、4/8等等并发送只加入冗余位的码。换句话说,第一、第二和第三次重发的每个分组分别在发射机中利用穿孔码型a(2)=[1110,1101]、a(3)=[1111,1101]和a(4)=[1111,1111]穿孔。
再回到图2,传送到接收机的第一分组可自解码并具有a(1)的穿孔码型。接下来,接收机检查其缓冲器是否已空(S11)。如果已空,因为该分组可自解码所以接收机解码该收到的分组(S13)。然后接收机检查在步骤S13是否出错(S15)。如果没有差错,则接收机清空缓冲器并终止传送(S16)。但是,如果出现任何差错,则将一个表示分组被破坏程度的指数(即信号噪声功率比(Eb/No))与一个预定阈值比较(S17)。如果信噪比大于或等于该阈值,则接收机将该分组存储在缓冲器中(S18)并将NACK1发送到发射机,请求传送用较低编码率编码的另一个分组(S20)。此分组用第二穿孔码型a(2)穿孔并不可自解码。如果信噪比低于阈值,就发送NACK2,请求重发用a(1)穿孔的可自解码的同一分组。
如果在步骤S11缓冲器没有空,则接收机组合另外传送的不可自解码的分组和已经存储在缓冲器中的初始分组并解码该组合的分组(S12)。然后接收机检查在步骤S12是否存在差错(S14)。如果有差错,则请求传送具有下一个穿孔码型的分组(S20)。否则,它清空缓冲器并终止传送(S16)。
如前所述,使用本发明的系统可以增加分组传输的可靠性,特别是在最初传送的分组被破坏时。
上述实施例只是示范性的并不能解释为限制本发明。本发明可以容易地应用到其它类型的装置。本发明的说明书是说明性的,而不是限制权利要求书的范围。许多替换、修改和改变对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。
Claims (7)
1.一种在利用混合式自动重发请求技术的通信系统中将分组数据传送到接收机的方法,该方法包括步骤:
(a)将用第一编码率编码的第一分组传送到接收机,
(b)如果在所述接收机中使用的缓冲器是空的则在所述接收机中解码所述第一分组,
(c)如果在步骤(b)期间出现第一差错,则将一个表示所述第一分组被破坏程度的指数和一个预定阈值比较;
(d)如果所述指数大于或等于所述阈值,则将所述第一分组存储在所述缓冲器中并请求传送用第二编码率编码的另外的第二分组,所述第二编码率低于所述第一编码率;和
(e)如果所述指数低于所述阈值,则请求重发所述第一分组。
2.权利要求1的方法,进一步包括如果在步骤(b)期间没有出错,就清空所述缓冲器并准备好下一个分组数据的传输的步骤。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中如果所述缓冲器是空的则所述第一分组可自解码,如果所述缓冲器不是空的则不可自解码。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中所述第二分组包括纠错码。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述指数是所述第一分组的信噪比(Eb/No)。
6.权利要求1的方法,进一步包括步骤:
(f)如果所述缓冲器没有空,则组合所述第一分组与已经存储在所述缓冲器中的初始分组并解码所述组合分组;和
(g)如果在步骤(f)出现第二差错,就请求传送用所述第二编码率编码的所述另外的第二分组。
7.权利要求书6的方法,进一步包括如果在步骤(f)期间没有出错,就清空所述缓冲器并准备好下一个分组数据的传输的步骤。
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CN104253679A (zh) * | 2004-09-15 | 2014-12-31 | 诺基亚西门子通信有限责任两合公司 | 解码方法 |
CN104253679B (zh) * | 2004-09-15 | 2018-08-31 | 诺基亚西门子通信有限责任两合公司 | 解码方法 |
CN101213781B (zh) * | 2005-07-07 | 2012-08-08 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | 在重传通信系统中进行编码和调度的方法及装置 |
CN101345595B (zh) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | 国家广播电影电视总局广播科学研究院 | 一种基于广播信道传输内容标引的系统及方法 |
CN109219936A (zh) * | 2016-06-02 | 2019-01-15 | 诺基亚通信公司 | 用于多连接中的可靠通信的装置和方法 |
CN109219936B (zh) * | 2016-06-02 | 2022-07-22 | 诺基亚通信公司 | 用于多连接中的可靠通信的装置和方法 |
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CN1525680A (zh) | 2004-09-01 |
CN1163027C (zh) | 2004-08-18 |
US6697987B2 (en) | 2004-02-24 |
CN1328867C (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
KR100525384B1 (ko) | 2005-11-02 |
US20020053058A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
KR20020034226A (ko) | 2002-05-09 |
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