CN1348007A

CN1348007A - Microbial micro-aerobe fermentation process of producing 1,3-propylene glycol

Info

Publication number: CN1348007A
Application number: CN 01117282
Authority: CN
Inventors: 修志龙; 张代佳; 王剑峰; 刘海军
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2001-04-27
Filing date: 2001-04-27
Publication date: 2002-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2021-04-27
Also published as: CN1204260C

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology and features that the microbial cell can convert glycerine into propylene glycol in not only anaerobic condition but also microaerobial condition. The present invention has the advantages of simple fermentation process, simplified operation condition, low production cost, short fermentation period, and high production efficiency. The density of propylene glycol in the microaerobial condition is almost the same or slightly higher than that in anaerobic condition. The present invention provides one simple and economic fermentation process for propylene glycol production.

Description

A kind of microbial micro-aerobe fermentation produces 1, the method for ammediol

The invention belongs to technical field of bioengineering, specially refer to a kind of microorganism and produce 1 at little oxygen condition bottom fermentation, the method for ammediol.

As everyone knows, 1, ammediol is a kind of important chemical material, with ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and 1, the 4-butyleneglycol has same purposes, but it and terephthalic acid synthetic new polyester material polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) have many excellent characteristic, good continuous printing and dyeing that present as need not to add any speciality chemical in the tint permanence of recovery of elasticity, uvioresistant, ozone and the oxynitride of nylon sample, low static, low water absorption, the panchromatic scope and biodegradable etc.These have all shown 1, the application prospect that ammediol is fine, but expensive price has hindered its application.

Present 1, the production method of ammediol mainly is a chemical synthesis, is raw material with ethene as Shell Co. Ltd, under high temperature (280 ℃), become oxyethane as catalyst oxidation with silver, hydrogenation and carbon monoxide change into the 3-hydroxy propanal then, are hydrogenated to product 1 at last, ammediol; Degussa company then is raw material with the propylene, is propenal with molybdenum as catalyst oxidation under 350 ℃, 0.2Mpa, and rehydration is the 3-hydroxy propanal, is hydrogenated to 1 then, ammediol (USP 5,008,473).These two kinds of methods all need be carried out under high temperature and valuable catalyst action, and product removes 1, and ammediol also has 1 outward, 2-propylene glycol and the close by product of character such as dimer, tripolymer thereof, and it is difficult to cause product separation to be purified, and production cost is corresponding higher.

The microbial method glycerine converting is 1, and the research of ammediol starts from 1881, but just causes people's attention gradually up to the eighties in 20th century.Compare with chemical synthesis, it has mild condition, easy and simple to handle, characteristics such as by product is few, non-environmental-pollution.Present 1, the microorganisms producing method of ammediol can be divided into two classes: the one, and be that substrate produces 1 with genetic engineering bacterium with glucose, (PCT/US 96/06705 for ammediol; USP 5,599, and 689; WO 96/35796; WO 9821340; WO9821339), the 2nd, be 1 with intestinal bacteria with the glycerine disproportionation, ammediol (USP 5,254, and 467; EP 0,373,230 A1).The former transformation efficiency and production concentration are all lower, and the latter is then higher relatively.Other microbe fermentation method of publishing in the method for above-mentioned patent report and the document all is anaerobically fermenting without exception, this is because be 1 in transformation of glycerol, there are some key enzymes in the process of ammediol, as glycerol dehydrogenase, Protosol kinases glycerol dehydratase, 1, ammediol desaturase etc., generally these enzymes under anaerobic play a role, and oxygen will cause indivedual key enzyme inactivations, as the irreversible inactivation of glycerol dehydrogenase, thereby can not generate 1, ammediol.

The objective of the invention is to utilize amphimicrobes such as klebsiella, lemon bacterium and clostridium, being implemented under little oxygen condition transformation of glycerol is 1, the zymotechnique of ammediol.The invention solves under little oxygen condition and can not produce 1, the technical barrier of ammediol, the amphimicrobe after long-term domestication can not only be 1 with transformation of glycerol under anaerobic, ammediol, and under little oxygen condition, also can produce 1, ammediol.

The step that realizes the inventive method is as follows:

1) medium preparation: must possess the required nutritive ingredient of microorganism growth in the substratum, as carbon sources such as glycerine or glucose, nitrogenous source such as yeast extract or yeast powder, negatively charged ion such as positively charged ions such as sodium, potassium, ammonia, magnesium, calcium and phosphate radical, sulfate radical, chlorion, and trace elements such as zinc, iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, boron and molybdenum.Substratum must be sterilized down at 121 ℃ and can be used in 15～20 minutes.

2) seed culture: carry out in shaking bottle, shaking speed is 100～300 rev/mins, and temperature is 27～40 ℃, and incubation time is 9～24 hours.

3) fermentation culture: can carry out in fermentor tank, the fermentor tank inoculum size is 5%～20%, and rotating speed of agitator is 100～400 rev/mins, and temperature is 27～40 ℃, and pH is controlled at 6.0～8.0.Can in fermentor tank, lead to nitrogen or air in the fermenting process, also can stuffiness, air flow is 0～2vvm.Fermentation mode can be that batch fermentation, batch formula stream add fermentation or continuously ferments, intermittently or batch formula stream time of adding fermentation be 10～100 hours, in the fermented liquid 1, the concentration of ammediol can reach 5～70g/L; Earlier carry out batch fermentation when continuously fermenting, when treating that organism dry weight concentration reaches 0.2～2.0g/L in the fermented liquid, again with 0.1～0.5h with 1%～6% glycerin medium ^-1Thinning ratio stream add fermention medium and carry out the perseverance cultivation.

The invention provides a kind of microbial fermentation and produce 1, the method for ammediol, used microorganism cells can both be 1 with transformation of glycerol under anaerobism and little oxygen condition, ammediol, and productive rate is suitable.The benefit of this method is to have simplified Production by Microorganism Fermentation 1, and the technology of ammediol has reduced production cost, has shortened fermentation time, has improved production efficiency, is Production by Microorganism Fermentation 1, and the industrialization of ammediol is laid a good foundation.

Below be described in detail most preferred embodiment of the present invention:

Used bacterial classification is Cray Bai Shi bacillus (Klebsiella pneumoniae) in the embodiment of the invention, available from Chinese common micro-organisms DSMZ (CGMCC), and culture presevation number: 1.1736.

Substratum divides two kinds of seed culture medium and fermention mediums:

1) seed culture medium: (1000ml):

Glycerine: 20g K ₂HPO ₄3H ₂O:4.56g

KH ₂PO ₄：1.3g (NH ₄) ₂SO ₄：2.0g

MgSO ₄7H ₂O:2g yeast powder: 1g

CaCO ₃: 2g trace element A:2ml

0.5%FeSO ₄Solution: 1ml 2%CaCl ₂Solution: 1ml

Trace element A forms (1000ml):

Saturated hydrochloric acid: 0.9ml ZnCl ₂: 70mg

MnCl ₂·4H ₂O：100mg H ₃BO ₃：60mg

CoCl ₂·6H ₂O：200mg NiCl ₂·6H ₂O：25mg

NaMoO ₄2H ₂O:35mg CuCl ₂2H ₂O:20mg2) fermention medium is formed (1000ml):

(NH ₄)SO ₄：6.61g KH ₂PO ₄：1.36g

MgCl ₂6H ₂O:0.26 citric acid: 0.42g

Yeast powder: 1g trace element B:5ml

Trace element B forms (1000ml):

Saturated hydrochloric acid: 10ml ZnCl ₂6H ₂O:0.68g

FeCl ₃·6H ₂O：5.4g MnCl ₂·4H ₂O：0.17g

CoCl ₂·6H ₂O：0.47g H ₃BO ₃：0.06g

NaMoO ₄·2H ₂O：0.005g?CuCl ₂·2H ₂O：0.47g

Seed and fermention medium all will be regulated pH before sterilization be 7.0

Fermenting process branch seed culture and two steps of fermentation culture: seed culture is carried out in the triangular flask of a 500ml, and liquid amount is 200ml, and shaking speed is 200 commentaries on classics/min, and culture temperature is 37 ℃, and incubation time is 12hr; Fermentation culture is carried out in automatic fermenter, and working volume is 5L, and actual liquid amount is 3L, and temperature and invariablenes turning speed are 37 ℃ and 300 commentaries on classics/min, regulates pH7.0 with 2mol/L potassium hydroxide.

Concrete fermenting experiment result is as follows: ferment in fermentor tank with containing 2% glycerin medium, in the anaerobic condition bottom fermentation liquid 1, the concentration of ammediol is 7.8g/L, be 8.2g/L under the stuffiness condition, is 9.4g/L when leading to the air of 1.2L/min; The glycerine disproportionation is 1, and the molar yield of ammediol is respectively 47.0%, 49.6% and 56.9%, and the fermentation ends time was respectively 18,15 and 11 hours.When the glycerine starting point concentration is 4%, batch fermentation obtains under anaerobism, stuffiness and ventilation (air of the 1.2L/min) condition 1, ammediol concentration is respectively 15.7,16.8,15.1g/L, molar yield is respectively 43.7%, 50.8%, 45.7%, fermentation time was respectively 32,20 and 17 hours.

Claims

1. a microbial micro-aerobe fermentation produces 1, the method of ammediol, in temperature, under pH and the mixing speed constant condition, carry out intermittence, batch formula stream adds or continuously ferments the glycerine bio-transformation is 1, ammediol, used microbial strains is a Klebsiella, amphimicrobes such as lemon bacterium and Clostridium, in the substratum except essential carbon source, outside nitrogenous source and some inorganic salt, also should contain zinc, iron, magnesium, copper, cobalt, boron, trace elements such as molybdenum, the fermentation inoculum size is 5%～20%, temperature is controlled at 27 ℃～40 ℃, pH is 6.0～8.0, intermittently or batch formula stream to add fermentation time be 10～100 hours, in the fermented liquid 1, the ultimate density of ammediol can reach 5～70g/L.This inventive method is characterised in that:

A) fermenting process can carry out under little oxygen condition, and air feeding amount is 0～2vvm;

B) during batch fermentation in the substratum mass percent concentration of glycerine be 2%～20%, the glycerol concentration of adding when batch formula stream adds fermentation is 10%～100%, glycerol concentration in the substratum that continuously ferments

Be 2%～20%;

C) continuously ferment be with 1%～6% initial glycerol concentration carry out thalline give be cultured to cell concentration reach contain 0.2～2.0g stem cell in every liter of fermented liquid after, again with 0.1～0.5h ^-1The thinning ratio Continuous Flow add the perseverance culturing process of fermention medium.