CN1341188A - 建筑系统 - Google Patents

建筑系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1341188A
CN1341188A CN00804111A CN00804111A CN1341188A CN 1341188 A CN1341188 A CN 1341188A CN 00804111 A CN00804111 A CN 00804111A CN 00804111 A CN00804111 A CN 00804111A CN 1341188 A CN1341188 A CN 1341188A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sheet material
honeycomb
panel
unit
arris
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN00804111A
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English (en)
Inventor
约翰·雷金纳德·牛顿
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3D Composites Ltd
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3D Composites Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3D Composites Ltd filed Critical 3D Composites Ltd
Publication of CN1341188A publication Critical patent/CN1341188A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
    • B29C65/542—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12443—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue substantially in the middle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4344—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/43441—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces, H-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B29C66/5241—Joining profiled elements for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the profiled elements to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B29C66/5244—Joining profiled elements for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making window frames or Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52441—Joining profiled elements for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making window frames or Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/636—Internally supporting the article during joining using a support which remains in the joined object
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
    • B29C66/7252—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled
    • B29C66/72525—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled comprising honeycomb cores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4342—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/43421—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis

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Abstract

一种建筑方法,该方法包括:应用蜂房板,该蜂房板具有至少一个平滑的用于与相邻的结构单元接合的边棱;并将板材和/或单元接合成一复合建筑结构。相邻的结构单元可以是另一块蜂房板,或梁,或角件,或其它所需的单元。蜂房板优选是根据欧洲专利0 708 706的蜂房板。该种结构的蜂房板可使其成为理想的板材并且可以将其制成不加贴面的或贴面的板材。另外,还可以制成大尺寸的板材,例如0.9m×2.5m和40mm厚。可以通过将纤维增强件加入到一窄宽度(例如300mm宽)的板预成型件内实现板材的模块化。在模压成型阶段可以将三个纤维预成型件装入一相应的模具内并可制成900mm宽的板材。板材还具有的特性是,它在各个方向起着梁的作用,特别是当对其边棱加载时可以有效地起着梁的作用。板材的结构应使标准规格的蜂房板总是可以通过一连续的直棱结合并接合在一起。当将诸如平板或箱型型材等复合材料梁型材有效地与板材的边棱连接时,起着梁作用的板材,其特性将得到增强,可使之实际成为梁。

Description

建筑系统
本发明涉及一种建筑系统，尤其涉及一种应用复合材料的建筑系统。
高级复合材料所具有的物理特性可以使之成为构筑多种类型结构，尤其是房屋的理想的材料。这种材料的重量通常比钢轻25％，但其强度却与钢不相上下。如上所述，这种材料可以在水中承受长期的浸泡并且不会受到各种侵蚀的影响或不会受到白蚁的刻食。一旦用这种材料构筑成房屋或其它建筑物，该材料可实现抗地震和飓风的结构。如果在复合材料中采用的纤维是玻璃纤维的话，则原材料来源充足并且便宜，而且玻璃是可再生的。复合材料具有非常好的抗变形性能，因而其可承受长期的负荷。该材料所具有良好的热特性可以降低对能量的需求，因而可以使诸如太阳能等可再生的能源成为主要的加热源。
虽然逐步发现高级复合材料具有许多新的用途，但截止目前为止还尚未应用于诸如大楼和房屋等大型综合结构中。多年来一直应用“挤压”工艺制作诸如工字梁等梁型材、角型材和箱型梁等梁型材，但事实证明很难将其相互连接在一起。复合材料并不像金属那样可以塑性变形，因而不能应用螺栓、螺杆或铆钉进行有效的相互固定。另外对其不能进行焊接。尽管高级复合材料具有非常良好的物理性能，但由于缺少有效的连接固定方法，因而严重地限制了其的推广应用。
本发明的目的在于提出一种复合材料结构单元系统和建筑方法，所述复合材料结构单元系统和建筑方法可以有效地将结构单元熔接成一体的成套高级复合结构，该复合结构适用于多种应用，而且特别适用于建筑房屋或其它建筑物。
概括地说，本发明提出一种建筑方法，该方法包括应用(如下定义的)蜂房板，该蜂房板具有至少一个用于与一相邻的结构单元接合的平滑的边棱，和将板和/或单元相互接合成一复合建筑结构。
相邻的结构单元可以是另一块蜂房板，或一根梁、角件或其它在下面将详细加以说明的所需的单元。
对图1所示的典型的墙体的分析表明，任何这类结构都包含三个基本单元，即板材、梁和角材。所以实际上任何建筑系统必须具有这些单元。
由于薄材料板不具有充分的刚性并且需要添加许多附加的支撑结构以便实现墙板所需的刚性，所以应用通常的型材制作大型的复合板是很困难的。该问题可以通过应用根据我们的欧洲专利0 708 706的蜂房板得以解决。该结构的蜂房配置可以使之成为理想的板材并且可以制成没有贴面的或贴面的两种规格的板材。另外还可以制成大规格的板材，例如0.9m×2.5m和40mm厚。可以通过将纤维增强件加入到一窄宽度(例如300mm宽)的板预成型件内实现板材的模块化。在模压成型阶段可以将三个纤维预成型件装入一相应的模具内并可制成900mm宽的板材。板材还具有的特性是，它在各个方向起着梁的作用，而且当如附图2中所示对其边棱加载时尤为有效。板材的结构应使标准规格的蜂房板总是可以通过一连续的直棱接合在一起。在将诸如平板或箱型型材等复合材料梁型材有效地与板材的边棱进行连接时，起着梁作用的板材特性可以得到增强，可使之实际成为如附图3和4中所示的梁。
因此蜂房板材可以实现墙体的两个单元，即壁板和梁。第三个单元，即角件，可以通过应用箱型型材得以解决。所定义的箱型型材具有多个面，通常为四个面，但也可以是三个面或四个以上的面。如图4所示，三块板材被连接在一单独的具有四个面的箱型梁上。
因此箱型梁在这里起着角件的作用，可以使板材有效地改变方向，例如改变90°。
优选可利用平滑的边棱对蜂房板材的所有四个侧面进行接合并因此可以与其它的板材或梁型材或与两者的结合体进行结合。所以通过这些单元的相互结合可实现复合结构的加工并满足对板材、梁和角件的要求。
蜂房板所具有的特性可以将其制成没有贴面的结构并且在例如空心墙情况下一种替代的建筑方法方案是，对内板应用没有贴面的板材并且在施工现场将贴面板直接贴合在内板上。贴面板可以是石膏板、蒙布板，或任何所需的装饰性的或固定的面。
实践表明，通过将蜂房板材与梁型材结合在一起可以实现复合结构，但需要有将这两个单元相互有效的连接在一起的方法并且对形成的结构还必须检查确定是否还需要托架形式的附加的结构。
复合材料的一个优点在于，可以采用最新的粘接剂对其进行非常有效的接合，所达到的接合程度可以使接合面的强度与基底材料相同。另外，优选利用可以与另一块板材或梁型材的平面配合的平面对蜂房板进行接合。所以可以在两者平面的界面上实现接合面。
实现的正确的接合实际上可以把系统的单元相互“焊接”在一起，从而使之就象单独的一个单元一样。这样的一种接合是防水的。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提出一种用于对相邻结构单元进行接合的方法，该方法包括具有一端单元的对接边棱，该对接边棱带有一略下凹的窄于边棱宽度的区段，该下凹区段用于容纳粘接剂，和至少一个单独的或与对接单元的相应区段相结合的下凹度较大的区段，该区段形成一个用于沿绝大部分对接面对粘接剂快速进行输送的沟槽。
根据本发明第二个方面的优选实施例，一个或两个对接面具有加热单元，从而甚至在寒冷的条件下也可以快速实现硬化。
根据本发明的第三个实施例，板材和其它单元由热塑树脂和加热单元构成，以便通过对材料的有限熔融实现对相邻对接面的熔接。
根据本发明的第四个实施例，提出一种制作空心墙的方法，该方法包括应用两块或多块蜂房板并利用一与板材的至少一个边棱对接的单元上的下凹或凸起区段将其以一定的相互间隔定位并将板材与单元接合。
在对建筑物并且尤其对房屋进行建筑时，墙体宜是空心结构的。空心可以提供附加的保温功能和墙内的诸如电线、电话线路和管路等运行保障设施，实现暗埋式设置。应用带有贴面的蜂房板并将贴面的一面朝向外侧，即可实现空心壁。单元优选是角件并优选具有对板材进行定位的下凹。
本发明的第五个实施例提出在按照本发明的第四个实施例的空心墙上形成一种用于形成用于安装窗和门等的框架的方法，该方法包括：通过省去一块板或者通过对已有的板进行切割形成所需尺寸的开孔，并采用对板材进行夹固的带状型材对开孔的边棱进行封接和固定，并将带状型材接合在适当位置。
在一单扇墙的情况下，可以采用简单的带状型材，对(单)板材的边棱进行封接。
根据本发明的第六个实施例提出一种用于将梁与梁或与其它单元之间进行封接的套箍，该套箍具有一材料座，该材料座的形状使之可以局部插入与其接合的梁端内，该套箍具有一个端面，该端面可与梁或其它单元的一平面接合。
下面将对照实施例并结合附图对本发明加以说明。图中示出：
图1为建筑物的两扇墙体的立体示意图；
图2示出蜂房板或梁；
图3和3a为图2的扩展；
图4为与矩形梁接合在一起的板材；
图5、5a和6示出本发明的空心墙；
图7和8示出根据本发明的连接方法；
图9和10示出热塑单元的焊接；
图11至图15示出梁的连接；和
图16a、b和c示出用于窗子等的框架的形成。
下面将参照三个附图加以说明，图1示出在任何一个建筑系统中所需要的梁10、板12和角件14。
图2、3和3a示出一种根据EP-A-0708706的起着梁作用的蜂房板12并通过将一扁平件16(该扁平件本身可以是蜂房板)接合在其上形成工字梁。
图4示出一矩形的角件14，其中三块板材12与角件14接合在一起。
图5和6示出本发明的空心墙，其中利用一个梁型材18将两块板材12相互间隔固定，所述梁型材具有一个凸起区段20，该凸起区段用于对板材进行定位和支撑。接着将板材与梁型材18接合成墙体。可以利用梁型材18对墙体的所有四个侧面进行封接，或者也可以应用其它的单元件。在图6中示出蜂房结构22，其中在附图标记24标示的位置上的贴面板被切割掉。可以省去在墙体内侧的贴面板，并且内板和外板可以相互不同，例如其中一块板需要能够抗风雨，而另一块板上有装饰性的涂层。在图5a的结构中应用了工字梁间隔件25，优选将该工字梁间隔件25与板材12的相应的内面接合在一起。间隔件25可以由复合材料或诸如铝等其它相宜的材料构成。间隔件用于将相应的面锁定在一起并将大大提高墙体的强度。这种结构可用于高应力承重墙，例如所述墙体用于承载成套厨房用具单元或橱柜，或是飓风多发区的建筑物的墙体。
蜂房板材和梁型材优选是由通常的玻璃纤维和丙烯酸树脂构成的复合材料制成的。图7示出在板材和梁型材间界面上形成的接合面。被接合的每个单元上具有一半接合面26并由胶缝层28、两个封接边棱30和一个沟槽32构成。在沿该接合面的相宜的位置上必要时设有通气孔和注射孔。对接合面26的制作过程如下。将板材和梁单元组装在一起并暂时用夹具或卡子固定在其相应的位置上并同时对所有接合棱进行封接。
将一种帕玛邦德(Permabond)公司出品的商品名为5002的粘接剂，即丙烯酸树脂在压力下直接注射入接合面26的沟槽32中。
接着将来自沟槽32的树脂在胶缝层28上进行分布并且通过通气孔将空气排挤出。当在通气孔中出现树脂时表示的喷射结束时，用小型塑料塞将通气孔和喷嘴孔塞住。在20℃的情况下对这种粘接剂经15分钟进行充分的硬化，达到结构自我支承并可以相应将夹紧装置或夹具拆除的程度。胶缝层28连续地围绕接触面并且由于对胶缝层在压力下应用粘接剂填充，所以接合面是完全防水的。因而可以制成诸如遮蔽结构等需要不漏水的或防水的结构。在组装前，通过将密封材料设置在相应的棱上实现对接合棱30的密封。诸如帕玛邦德(Permabond)和洛西蒂特(Locitite)等公司可提供各种相应的材料。
如果在低温条件下进行组装，则可将实际上是很细的导线的电阻式加热单元加入到板材的胶缝层的面上(图8)。在注射时对这些电阻式加热单元进行激活并接着经过短时间后实现对粘接剂的充分硬化。
虽然所述的由玻璃纤维和热固树脂构成的复合材料优于塑料材料，并且研制出的新型纤维可以应用热塑材料以可行的比例制作该结构系统时重现具有充分机械强度的结构系统单元，但对热塑塑料很难用粘接剂进行接合并且因而不可能实现所述接合面。下面将对接合的替代方案加以说明，该方案将实现结构单元的焊接。
在第一种情况下，如图9所示，加热单元34被模压入或结合入蜂房板材(或梁型材)的接合面。然后通过对其加入电流对单元进行加热。当接触面被融化时，板材和梁型材将被相互挤压并有效地焊接在一起。这种方法将能实现良好的接合，但必须对构件进行移动。下面将对可以实现紧固的第二种接合方案加以说明。
在蜂房板12的接合面上也具有加热单元34。另外在接合面的中心设置有一个沟槽36，塑料带38设置在该沟槽内(图10)。塑料带内含有一种热激活发泡剂，该发泡剂在被加热时将膨胀。当单元对接合面进行加热并使之变成液体时，膨胀的塑料带将促使液体与配合的单元的面接触，从而实现良好的焊接。加热单元34的设置位置应不致使板材的外边棱被熔化，从而使边棱可以将熔融的塑料保持在接合面内。可以在不到5分钟的时间内实现这种接合，因而是一种非常迅速的组装方法。
下面将结合附图11至15对梁型材的接合加以讨论。在箱型型材与梁型材的一侧对接和蜂房板12与两个梁型材接合(图13)的情况下，板材12本身起着角托架的作用并且不需要附加的托架。但如果出于结构或封接的原因，需要一个附加的托架，则此点可以通过一套箍托架(图14)加以实现，其工作方式如下。托架40由相同的复合材料模压而成并与梁型材10的端部接合，形成如图14所示的对接。然后对梁型材和蜂房板进行组装并同时将套箍托架40与邻接的梁进行接合，应用的相宜的粘接剂仍然是帕玛邦德公司(Permabond)出品的5002胶。这种托架将实现梁与梁之间的对接，对梁的开口端进行加强并可实现对梁内的大的有效面的利用，从而可实现非常坚固的接合。从外部来看托架和梁就像一根连续的梁并且保持了梁与蜂房板之间的接合的连续性。区段42上涂布有粘接剂并与梁型材10的内侧接合，同时区段44上也涂布有粘接剂并与角件14的外侧面接合。
在一梁材与另一长度的梁型材接合的情况下，可以采用一短的梁型材制成接头46，该接头正好可以插入较大的主梁的内侧(图15)。将该接头接在两根梁中的一根上并且接着将第二根梁套接在该接头的伸出部分上并接合形成对接。将蜂房板与梁型材连接，使它们与接头重合，该种接合方式将实现接合面的进一步加强。一种相宜的粘接剂仍然采用的是帕玛邦德公司(Permabond)出品的5002胶。
在需要简单的托架作为角托架的情况下，可以将这些托架与复合结构接合，或与复合结构接合和旋固在一起。特别是利用帕玛邦德公司(Permabond)出品的5002胶类型的丙烯酸粘接剂也可以将铝与复合材料进行非常有效的接合。可以应用铝制的梁型材替代复合材料梁并且对此替代还有许多潜在的应用。
至此所述的复合结构尚未提及如何实现门和窗子等的开口。在图16a中示出一带有局部的窗开口的空心墙，其中用一带状型材50形成用于窗子的框架结构。在图16c中示出带状型材的形状，可以将该形状看成包括两个凹口52，所述凹口分别对空心墙的墙板12进行夹固，在所述空心墙中间隔段54将两扇板材分隔开。带状型材50的内面结构视有待嵌入框架开口内的窗子等而定。其组装过程包括将所有的单元夹固在一起和将粘接剂喷射入在蜂房板和带状型材的(与上述相同的)胶缝层内。组装时，首先对带状型材端预先接合，从而实现对胶缝层的密封。
如果应用通常惯用的设备和钻石刀具在蜂房板上切割窗子或门的开口，则这时存在的露在外面的蜂房边棱并不能实现胶缝层的接合(图16b)。应用相同的带状型材并对与区段接触的所有面上涂覆粘接剂，即可实现牢固的接合，即使该接合是非连续的，也是如此。带状型材的设计应使其可以覆盖每扇板材，从而可实现将两扇板材相互固定在一起并保持高度的整体性。窗框和门框可以直接塞入这样建立的框架开口中。
虽然上面仅针对墙体对本发明的板材做了说明，但可以还联想到本发明的板材也可以用于诸如地板、屋顶板等任何建筑或结构的最终应用。
本发明提出一种建筑系统，该系统可以应用大批量工厂预制件并可迅速和经济地装配成建筑物，所述建筑物非常坚固，实际上具有一种整体的硬壳结构，并抗风化和昆虫食刻。

Claims (15)

1.一种建筑方法，该方法包括对蜂房板材的应用，该蜂房板材具有至少一个用于与一相邻的结构单元进行接合的平滑的边棱，和将板材和/或单元相互接合成一复合建筑结构。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其中相邻的结构单元是另一块蜂房板材，或一根梁，或角件。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中蜂房结构是通过将塑料树脂喷射在一放置在模具中的连续的纤维网上实现的，从而形成蜂房结构而又不会出现纤维网本身的交叉。
4.按照权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中板材的结构应使标准规格的蜂房板总是利用一连续的直的边棱组装并接合在一起。
5.按照权利要求4所述的的方法，其中当实际上对一诸如扁平的板材或箱型型材等梁型材与板材的边棱进行接合时，将使板材得到增强，起着梁的作用。
6.按照权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其中应用箱型型材实现第三单元，即角件。
7.按照权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其中对蜂房板材优选在所有四个侧面都可以利用扁平边棱进行接合并因此可以实现与其它板材或梁型材或板材与梁型材的结合体的结合。
8.按照权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其中蜂房板可以作成没有贴面的结构，例如用于作为空心墙，并在施工现场将贴面板直接贴合在其上。
9.一种将相邻的结构单元结合在一起的方法，该方法包括具有一端单元的对接边棱，该对接边棱带有一略下凹的窄于边棱宽度的区段，该下凹区段用于容纳粘接剂，和至少一个单独的或与对接单元的相应区段相结合的下凹度较大的区段，该区段形成一个用于沿绝大部分对接面对粘接剂快速进行输送的沟槽。
10.按照权利要求9所述的方法，其中一个或两个对接面具有加热单元，以便实现甚至在寒冷条件下的快速硬化。
11.按照上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中板材和其它单元由热塑树脂和加热单元构成，以便通过对材料的局部熔融实现对相邻对接面的熔接。
12.一种制作空心墙的方法，该方法包括应用两块或多块蜂房板并利用一对接板材的至少一个边棱的单元上的下凹或凸起区段将其以一定的相互间隔定位并将板材与单元接合。
13.一种在按照权利要求12中所述的空心墙上形成用于窗和门等的框架的方法，该方法包括通过省去一块板或者通过对已有的板进行切割，并应用带状型材对孔的边棱进行封接和固定，并将带状型材接合在相应位置。
14.按照权利要求13所述的方法，其中在一单扇墙的情况下，可以采用简单的带状型材对(单)板材的边棱进行封接。
15.一种用于将梁与梁或与其它单元之间进行封接的套箍，该套箍具有一材料座，其形状使之可以局部插入与其接合的梁端，该套箍具有一个端面，该端面可与梁或其它单元的一平滑面接合。
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CN109322405A (zh) * 2018-09-22 2019-02-12 王奉瑾 一种于空心材料实现卯榫结构的方法
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CN108505646B (zh) * 2018-04-20 2019-07-09 武汉科技大学 一种外包钢板剪力墙模型试验加载梁设计装置
CN109322405A (zh) * 2018-09-22 2019-02-12 王奉瑾 一种于空心材料实现卯榫结构的方法
CN114193635A (zh) * 2021-12-23 2022-03-18 国泰新点软件股份有限公司 建筑工程中梁的切割方法及装置
CN114193635B (zh) * 2021-12-23 2024-03-12 国泰新点软件股份有限公司 建筑工程中梁的切割方法及装置

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