CN1333806A - 含烃回油剂的卤代烃制冷剂组合物 - Google Patents
含烃回油剂的卤代烃制冷剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1333806A CN1333806A CN 99815670 CN99815670A CN1333806A CN 1333806 A CN1333806 A CN 1333806A CN 99815670 CN99815670 CN 99815670 CN 99815670 A CN99815670 A CN 99815670A CN 1333806 A CN1333806 A CN 1333806A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- hydrocarbon
- agents
- reture
- halohydrocarbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000005826 halohydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)C(F)(F)F BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FKCNNGCHQHSYCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane;1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane;1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCF.FCC(F)(F)F.FC(F)C(F)(F)F FKCNNGCHQHSYCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylidene Natural products CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFCAUADVODFSLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)Cl RFCAUADVODFSLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019406 chloropentafluoroethane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIQRGMUSBYGDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RIQRGMUSBYGDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKLFXAVIFCLZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)F LKLFXAVIFCLZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)F WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)Cl BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004340 Chloropentafluoroethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100484930 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) VPS41 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009430 Thespesia populnea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004773 chlorofluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004065 perflutren Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
公开了含烃回油剂的制冷剂组合物,所说烃回油剂可以使矿物油和合成油润滑剂与含氢碳氟化物和含氢碳氟化物/含氢氟氯化碳-基制冷剂加溶。这些占总制冷剂组合物一小部分的含7~16个碳原子的烃回油剂可以有效地使矿物油和合成油润滑剂从用含氢碳氟化物和含氢碳氟化物/含氢氟氯化碳-基制冷剂进行操作的制冷系统的非压缩机区返回压缩机区。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及含烃回油剂(oil-return)的制冷剂组合物,该回油剂可使矿物油和合成油润滑剂与卤代烃制冷剂加溶,从而有效地使润滑剂从制冷系统的非压缩机区返回到压缩机区。
发明背景
矿物油和烷基苯通常在氯氟化碳-基(chlorofluorocarbon-based)(CFC)制冷系统中用作润滑剂。但这些润滑剂在非臭氧消耗替代品,含氢碳氟化物(hydrofluorocarbon)(HFC)制冷剂中溶解度很低,这就妨碍了它们的使用,需要开发和使用适于HFC制冷系统的基于聚亚烷基二醇(PAG)和多元醇酯(POE)的替代润滑剂。虽然PAG和POE是适用于HFC-基制冷系统的润滑剂,但它们的吸湿性极强,暴露于湿空气时可吸收数千ppm(百万分之一)的水。所吸收的水分可使制冷系统出问题,例如生成腐蚀制冷系统并产生难处理淤渣的酸。与之相反,矿物油和烷基苯的吸湿性小很多,而且对水的溶解度很小,低于100ppm。此外,PAG和POE润滑剂比烃类润滑剂贵很多,一般贵3~6倍。因此,有必要也有机会来解决这一溶解度问题以便使制冷工业可以将矿物油和烷基苯润滑剂用于HFC-基制冷剂。
含氢氟氯化碳(hydrochlorofluorocarbon)(HCFC)制冷剂也在取代CFC,且常常以和HFC的混合物形式取代CFC。这些HCFC-基制冷剂组合物在普通制冷润滑剂例如矿物油中的溶解度比CFC小。当用HCFC或HCFC/HFC混合物取代纯CFC基制冷剂时,常常需要将润滑剂由矿物油变为烷基苯,导致制冷工业更多的成本。因此,有必要也有机会来解决这一溶解度低的问题,以便使制冷工业可以将HCFC和HCFC/HFC-基制冷剂与矿物油润滑剂一起使用。
基于上述原因,有必要为制冷工业提供可以使润滑油(分散相)溶解于HFC-和/或HCFC-基制冷剂(连续相)的回油剂,以便改善润滑油在制冷系统内的输送和润滑油由其它制冷系统区向制冷系统压缩机的返回。
发明概述
本发明的目标是涉及能满足上述要求的制冷剂组合物。该制冷剂组合物含有:(a)含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃;(b)选自矿物油和合成油的油;和(c)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂。
本发明还涉及一种制冷剂组合物,其中含有:(a)含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃;和(b)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂。
本发明还涉及一种在压缩制冷设备中与卤代烃制冷剂一起使用的润滑剂组合物,其中含有:(a)选自矿物油和合成油的油;和(b)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂。
此外,本发明还涉及一种使油由压缩制冷系统中的非压缩机区返回压缩机区的方法,包括:(a)在含6~16个碳原子的烃回油剂存在下,将选自矿物油和合成油的油在非压缩机区与含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃接触,以形成一种含油、卤代烃和烃回油剂的溶液;和(b)将该溶液由制冷系统的非压缩机区输送到压缩机区。
发明详述
本发明涉及制冷剂组合物,其中含有:(a)含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃;(b)选自矿物油和合成油的油;和(c)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂,其中所说烃回油剂使所说卤代烃和所说油形成溶液。
本发明还涉及制冷剂组合物,其中含有:(a)含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃;和(b)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂,其中所说烃回油剂使所说卤代烃和选自矿物油和合成油的油形成溶液。
本发明还涉及与卤代烃制冷剂一起在压缩制冷设备中使用的润滑剂混合物,其中含有:(a)选自矿物油和合成油的油;和(b)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂,其中所说回油剂使所说油和卤代烃制冷剂形成溶液。
此外,本发明还涉及一种在压缩制冷系统中使油由非压缩机区返回压缩机区的方法,包括:(a)在含6~16个碳原子的烃回油剂存在下,将选自矿物油和合成油的油在非压缩机区与含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃接触,以形成含油、卤代烃和烃回油剂的溶液;和(b)将该溶液由制冷系统的非压缩机区输送到压缩机区。
本发明的卤代烃含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子,特别适用的是含1-6个碳原子和至少一个氟原子,任选地还含氯和氧原子的标准沸点为-90℃~80℃的卤代烃。所谓标准沸点是指液体混合物的蒸气压等于1大气压时的温度。这些卤代烃可以用通式CwF2w+2-x-yHxClyOz表示,其中w是1~6,x是1~9,y是0~3,z是0~2。优选那些w是1~6,x是1~5,y是0~1,z是0~1的卤代烃。这些卤代烃是商业产品,可以由很多渠道,例如E.I.du Pont de Nemours & Co.,Fluoroproducts,Wilmington,DE,19898,美国获取,或者由定做合成公司例如PCR Inc.,P.O.Box 1466,Gainesville,佛罗里达,32602,美国获取,此外,还可以用例如《氟化学杂志》(The Journalof Fluorine Chemistry),或者《有机氟化合物化学》(Chemistryof Oganic Fluorine Compounds),Milos Hudicky编,The MacMillanCompany出版,纽约,N.Y.,1962.中技术公开的合成方法来制取。卤代烃的例子有:
CCl2F2(CFC-12),CHCl2F(HCFC-21),CHClF2(HCFC-22),CHF3(HFC-23),CH2ClF(HCFC-31),CH2F2(HFC-32),CH3F(HFC-41),CF3CF3(FC-116),CHCl2CF3(HCFC-123),CHClFCClF2(HCFC-123a),CHClFCF3(HCFC-124),CHF2CClF2(HCFC-124a),CHF2CF3(HFC-125),CH2ClCF3(HCFC-133a),CHF2CHF2(HFC-134),CH2FCF3(HFC-134a),CClF2CH3(HCFC-142b),CHF2CH2F(HFC-143),CF3CH3(HFC-143a),CHClFCH3(HCFC-151a),CHF2CH3(HFC-152a),CHF2CCl2CF3(HCFC-225aa),CHClFCClFCF3(HCFC-225ba),CHF2CClFCClF2(HCFC-225bb),CHCl2CF2CF3(HCFC-225ca),CHClFCF2CClF2(HCFC-225cb),CHF2CF2CCl2F(HCFC-225cc),CClF2CHClCF3(HCFC-225da),CClF2CHFCClF2(HCFC-225ea),CF3CHFCCl2F(HCFC-225eb),CHF2CClFCF3(HCFC-226ba),CHClFCF2CF3(HCFC-226ca),CHF2CF2CClF2(HCFC-226cb),CF3CHClCF3(HCFC-226da),CClF2CHFCF3(HCFC-226ea),CHF2CF2CF3(HFC-227ca),CF3CFHCF3(FFC-227ea),CHF2CClFCHF2(HCFC-235ba),CH2FCClFCF3(HCFC-235bb),CHClFCF2CHF2(HCFC-235ca),CH2ClCF2CF3(HCFC-235cb),CH2FCF2CClF2(HCFC-235cc),CHF2CHClCF3(HCFC-235da),CHClFCHFCF3(HCFC-235ea),CHF2CHFCClF2(HCFC-235eb),CClF2CH2CF3(HCFC-235fa),CHF2CF2CHF2(HFC-236ca),CH2FCF2CF3(HFC-236cb),CHF2CHFCF3(HFC-236ea),CF3CH2CF3(HFC-236fa),CH2FCF2CHF2(HFC-245ca),CH3CF2CF3(HFC-245cb),CHF2CHFCHF2(HFC-245ea),CH2FCHFCF3(HFC-245eb),CHF2CH2CF3(HFC-245fa),CH2FCF2CH2F(HFC-254ca),CH2CF2CHF2(HFC-254cb),CH2FCHFCHF2(HFC-254ea),CH3CHFCF3(HFC-254eb),CHF2CH2CHF2(HFC-254fa),CH2FCH2CF3(HFC-254fb),CH3CF2CH3(HFC-272ca),CH3CHFCH2F(HFC-272ea),CH2FCH2CH2F(HFC-272fa),CH3CH2CF2H(HFC-272fb),CH3CHFCH3(HFC-281ea),CH3CH2CH2F(HFC-281fa),CF3CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-329p),CF3CF2CFHCF3(HFC-329me),CF3CF2CF2CFH2(HFC-338q),CF3CF2CH2CF3(HFC-338mf),CF3CF2CFHCF2H(HFC-338pe),CF3CFHCF2CF2H(HFC-338pce),CHF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-338pcc),CF3CFHCFHCF3(HFC-338mee),CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-42-11p),CF3CF2CFHCF2CF3(HFC-42-11mce),CF3CF2CF2CFHCF3(HFC-42-11me),CF3CF2CH2CF2CF3(HFC-43-10mcf),CF3CF2CF2CH2CF3(HFC-43-10mf),CF3CF2CF2CF2CFH2(HFC-43-10q),CF3CF2CF2CFHCF2H(HFC-43-10pe),CF3CF2CFHCF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pce),CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3(HFC-43-10mee),CF2HCF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pccc),CF3CFHCF2CF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pcce),CF3CFHCF2CFHCF3(HFC-43-10mece),CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-52-13p),C4F9OCH3,和C4F9OC2H5,优选的卤代烃是:
CHClF2(HCFC-22),CHF3(HFC-23),CH2F2(HFC-32),CHClFCF3(HCFC-124),CHF2CF3(HFC-125),CHF2CHF2(HFC-134),CH2FCF3(HFC-134a),CF3CH3(HFC-143a),CHF2CH3(HFC-152a),CHF2CF2CF3(HFC-227ca),CF3CFHCF3(HFC-227ea),CF3CH2CF3(HFC-236fa),CHF2CH2CF3(HFC-245fa),CHF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-338pcc),CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3(HFC-43-10mee),和恒沸和类恒沸卤代烃混合物例如:
HCFC-22/HFC-152a/HCFC-124(R-401A,R-401B,R-401C),HFC-125/HFC-143a/HFC-134a(R-404A),HFC-32/HFC-125/HFC-134a(R-407A,R-407B,R-407C),HCFC-22/HFC-143a/HFC-125(R-408A),HCFC-22/HCFC-124/HCFC-142b (R-409A),HFC-32/HFC-125(R-410A),和HFC-125/HFC-143a(R-507)。
本发明的卤代烃还可含有多至10重量%的至少一种C3-C5烃,例如丙烷、丙烯、环丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷和正戊烷。含这些C3-C5烃的卤代烃的例子是HCFC-22/HFC-125/丙烷(R-402A,R-402B)和HCFC-22/八氟丙烷/丙烷(R-403A,R-403B)的类恒沸混合物。
本发明的油是通常在制冷设备中用作润滑剂和CFC-基制冷剂一起使用的油。这些油及其性质在1990《ASHRAE手册》(ASHRAEHandbook),制冷系统和应用第8章,标题“制冷系统中的润滑剂”(“Lubricants in Refrigeration Systems”),第8.1-8.21页中进行了讨论。本发明的油包括在本领域被称为矿物油的一类油。矿物油包括链烷烃(直链和支链饱和烃),环烷烃(环链烃),芳烃(含一个或多个环的不饱和环烃,其特征是有交替的双键),和非烃类化合物(除碳和氢外,还含硫、氮或氧等原子的分子)。本发明的油还包括在本领域被称为合成油的一类油。合成油包括烷基芳烃(alkylaryls)(例如直链和支链烷基苯),合成链烷烃和聚α-烯烃。可买到的本发明润滑油的例子有Suniso3GS,Sontex372LT和CalumetRO-30(以上三种均为环烷烃),Zerol150(一种烷基苯)和“BVM 100 N”(一种链烷烃)。
本发明的烃回油剂在本发明组合物中的有效用量应能使卤代烃和润滑油形成一种溶液。所谓“溶液”是说在烃回油剂存在下,卤代烃和油变得更容易混溶,以至使油作为与卤代烃的均匀溶液的形式由制冷系统的非压缩机区回到压缩机区,油的量可维持压缩机正常润滑和整个制冷系统的操作。在本发明含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的的卤代烃、选自矿物油和合成油的油、以及烃回油剂的混合物中,优选烃回油剂少于总组合物(包括卤代烃,油和烃回油剂)的大约10重量%。更优选烃回油剂少于总组合物(包括卤代烃,油和烃回油剂)的大约5重量%。一般不需要使烃回油剂的浓度超过总组合物的大约10重量%便可获得足够的油回流,而且发现,浓度超过总组合物的大约10重量%的回油剂对润滑油的粘度有不利影响,这可导致润滑不正常,对制冷设备产生压力,甚至使制冷设备产生机械故障。还发现,浓度超过总组合物的大约10重量%的回油剂对制冷剂组合物的能力(capacity)和性能有不利影响。本发明混合物中烃回油剂的有效含量可使卤代烃和油达到适当的混溶程度,以至于压缩制冷系统中的油能由非压缩机区(例如蒸发器)充分回到压缩机区。
本发明组合物的烃回油剂包括含至少7个至16个或少于16个碳原子的脂肪族直链、支链或环链烃。例如,庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷、煤油和它们的混合物,特别是硫含量低于0.2重量%的精制煤油。在烃回油剂中,优选那些被ASTMD-93归类为可燃性的(combustible)(与易燃性(flammable)不同)。如此分类的可燃性烃被优选用作烃回油剂,因为无论用量多少都不会使制冷组合物产生易燃性。优选的烃回油剂含7~16个碳原子。更优选的烃回油剂含11~13个碳原子。最优选的可买到的能用作烃回油剂的化合物是IsoparH。IsoparH是美国Exxon Chemical出售的一种高纯度,低芳烃含量的C11~C12异构链烷烃。
闪点低于37℃的化合物一般被认为是易燃性的。虽然下表中的闪点可能是用略有差别的方法测量的,但仍有闪点随碳链长度的增加而升高的趋势。链长小于10个碳原子可以开始成为易燃性的。与作为促进油回流而公开的使用丙烷、丁烷、异丁烷和戊烷的技术比较,一种非易燃烃回油剂或载体可降低制冷或空调系统中的易燃性。而且可以使用比易燃性烃量更多的非易燃性烃回油剂而不至于影响系统的易燃性。
烃 | 分子式 | 闪点(℃) | 沸点(℃) | 易燃性 |
丙烷 | CH3CH2CH3 | -104 | -42 | 易燃 |
异丁烷 | (CH3)3CH | -84 | -12 | 易燃 |
丁烷 | CH3(CH2)2CH3 | -60 | -1 | 易燃 |
戊烷 | CH3(CH2)3CH3 | -40 | 36~38 | 易燃 |
己烷 | CH3(CH2)4CH3 | -22~-26 | 65~69 | 易燃 |
庚烷 | CH3(CH2)5CH3 | -8 | 92~100 | 易燃 |
辛烷 | CH3(CH2)6CH3 | 16 | 125~127 | 易燃 |
壬烷 | CH3(CH2)7CH3 | 31 | 151 | 易燃 |
癸烷 | CH3(CH2)8CH3 | 46 | 174 | 可燃 |
煤油 | HC混合物 | 43~82 | 151~301 | 可燃 |
IsoparH | C11~C12异构链烷烃 | 57 | 182 | 可燃 |
十一烷 | CH3(CH2)9CH3 | 60 | 196 | 可燃 |
十二烷 | CH3(CH2)10CH3 | 71 | 215~217 | 可燃 |
十三烷 | CH3(CH2)11CH3 | 79 | 234 | 可燃 |
十四烷 | CH3(CH2)12CH3 | 100 | 252 | 可燃 |
十五烷 | CH3(CH2)13CH3 | 132 | 270 | 可燃 |
十六烷 | CH3(CH2)14CH3 | 135 | 287 | 可燃 |
矿物油 | 链烷烃油 | 199 | 260~360 | 可燃 |
以混合物的总重量为基准,本发明含卤代烃、油和烃回油剂的制冷剂组合物通常含40~99重量%的卤代烃、1~60重量%的油和0.01~10重量%的烃回油剂。该组合物更优选含50~90重量%的卤代烃,10~50重量%的油和0.01~5重量%的烃回油剂。
本发明包含:卤代烃和烃回油剂;以及油和烃回油剂的另外的组合物中各成分之间的重量比与本发明含卤代烃、油和烃回油剂的组合物中的相同。也就是说,在本发明的组合物中,卤代烃与油的重量比是大约0.6(40/60)至大约99(99/1),油与烃回油剂的重量比是大约0.1(1/10)至大约6000(60/.01)。
本发明还包括制冷方法,即在需要冷却的物体附近蒸发本发明的制冷组合物,还包括加热方法,即在需要加热的物体附近冷凝本发明的制冷组合物。
本发明还涉及将卤代烃在油中进行加溶的方法,包括在一种能使该卤代烃与该油形成溶液的有效用量的烃回油剂存在下,让卤代烃与油接触,其中所说卤代烃含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子,且所说油选自矿物油和合成油。
本发明还涉及使油由制冷系统的非压缩机区返回压缩机区的方法,包括:
(a)在一种有效用量的烃回油剂存在下,让所说油在非压缩机区与至少一种卤代烃接触,和
(b)将所说油从制冷系统的非压缩机区输送至压缩机区,其中所说卤代烃含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子,所说油选自矿物油和合成油。
本发明还涉及将一种油从制冷系统的低压区输送至压缩机区的方法,包括:
(a)在一种有效用量的烃回油剂存在下,让所说油在制冷系统低压区与至少一种卤代烃接触,和
(b)将所说油从制冷系统的低压区输送至压缩机区,其中所说卤代烃含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子,所说油选自矿物油和合成油。
实施例
在以下实施例中,如不注明,则百分数(%)表示某一物料在所说总组合物中的重量百分数。所给的油回流测量误差是±0.5重量%。
实施例1
在如下所述的油回流设备中测量油回流。将液体制冷剂由一压力罐经过铜管送到一个加热器进行蒸发。然后让制冷剂蒸气通过一个压力调节器和计量阀将流量和压力分别控制在固定值1,000~1,100cc/min和1大气压,将制冷剂蒸气送往另一根长180cm,外径0.635cm的置入一恒温浴的U形铜管。该U形铜管始于一段37cm长的垂直直管,然后弯曲成27cm长位于恒温浴底部的水平段。该管然后以之字形垂直上升,这段之字形有4个23cm长度,接着是另一段23cm长的垂直直管。该U形管中装入10g油,可任选地含烃回油剂,该回油剂通过37cm的垂直管端加入U形管。让制冷剂蒸气缓慢通过U形管。将从U形管出来的制冷剂和油收集在一个接受器中并让制冷剂蒸发。然后称量油重以确定有多少油被制冷剂带出U形管。
将制冷剂R404A(44重量%HFC-125,52重量%HFC-143a和4重量%HFC-134a)放入制冷剂罐中。将HAB 22油(HAB-22是NipponOil出售的一种支链烷基苯油)或HAB加上烃回油剂IsoparH放入铜U形管中,其中油和回油剂总量为10g。恒温浴保持在-20℃。制冷剂蒸气以1,100cm3/min的流速通过U形管并以6,10,20和30分钟的时间间隔测量接收器中油的重量。用POE 22多元醇酯油为基准与HAB 22进行对照。数据示于下面表1。
表1
回流油的重量% | |||
U形管中的油成分 | 6min | 10min | 20min |
POE | 1.0 | 10.6 | 18.9 |
HAB 22 | 0 | 6.1 | 16.2 |
HAB 22中含3%IsoparH | 0 | 9.6 | 19.2 |
结果表明,当将IsoparH加进硬烷基苯油(HAB 22)时,油回流与POE相当。
实施例2
用实施例1的设备和程序测试制冷剂R401A(53重量%HCFC-22,13重量%HFC-152a和34重量%HFC-124)。将含和不含IsoparH的Suniso3GS矿物油与基准Zerol150烷基苯对照。结果示于表2。
表2
回流油的重量% | |||
U形管中的油成分 | 6min | 10min | 20min |
3GS | 0 | 1.2 | 19.7 |
Zerol150 | 0 | 9.6 | 31.2 |
3GS中含3%IsoparH | 0.4 | 14.0 | 30.6 |
结果表明,将IsoparH加入到3GS矿物油可以得到与Zerol150烷基苯相当的油回流。
实施例3
除了下面所说区别外,用实施例1的设备和程序测试制冷剂R407C(23重量%HFC-32,25重量%HFC-125和52重量%HFC-134a)。将含和不含烃回油剂IsoparH的Suniso3GS矿物油与POE对照。恒温浴保持在-20℃。结果示于表3。
表3
回流油的重量% | |||
U形管中的油成分 | 6min | 10min | 20min |
POE | 3.1 | 14.1 | 26.5 |
3GS | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3GS中含3%IsoparH | 0 | 0 | 0.3 |
3GS中含6%IsoparH | 0 | 0 | 6.7 |
3GS中含15%IsoparH | 10.0 | 18.7 | 27.3 |
结果表明,将IsoparH加入到3GS油中改善了油回流,加15%IsoparH的3GS具有与POE相当的油回流性能。
实施例4
除了下面所说区别外,用实施例1的设备和程序测试R404A(44重量%HFC-125,52重量%HFC-143a和4重量%HFC-134a)。将含和不含烃回油剂IsoparH的Suniso3GS矿物油与POE对照。恒温浴保持在-20℃。结果示于表4。
表4
回流油的重量% | |||
U形管中的油成分 | 6min | 10min | 20min |
POE | 0 | 6.2 | 18.9 |
3GS中含12%IsoparH | 4.2 | 13.3 | 23.3 |
3GS中含15%IsoparH | 9.6 | 16.3 | 25.0 |
3GS中含18%IsoparH | 17.1 | 24.3 | 33.8 |
结果表明,将IsoparH加入到3GS油中改善了油回流,加12、15和18%IsoparH的3GS的油回流性能比POE润滑剂有改善。
实施例5
以厘斯表示的在3GS矿物油中的IsoparH和戊烷的在-15℃下的运动粘度与POE 22油相对照,列于以下表5。所用测试方法是ASTM法D446。
表5
-15℃下的运动粘度,厘斯 | |
POE | 589.5 |
3GS | 2936.7 |
3GS+6%IsoparH | 1277.3 |
3GS+12%IsoparH | 611.4 |
3GS+3%戊烷 | 971.6 |
数据表明,在-15℃下,在3GS矿物油中的12%IsoparH的粘度与POE接近。3GS中加入3%的戊烷使粘度降低较少。当使用戊烷时,易燃性增加,而IsoparH不易燃。
实施例6
用试验来确定使用普通润滑油Suniso 3GS时,R404A(44重量%HFC-125,52重量%HFC-143a和4重量%HFC-134a)是否能用于Hussmann超市的冷冻食品展示柜(HICA-0146-PLK型)。展示柜配备有一台Copeland半密封往复式压缩机(KAL-016L型),其油槽中装有视镜。冷冻食品柜安装在环境室内的房间,冷凝单元安装在环境室外的房间。两个单元用铜管连接,抽吸管外径为5/8英寸,液体管外径为1/2英寸。一个300cc的样品罐安装在液体管线上的两个阀门之间。为测定油循环,在系统操作过程中将阀门关闭以便捕获制冷剂/油样品。将样品罐取下并称重,将制冷剂缓慢蒸发,然后再称量样品罐以确定制冷剂的量。用剩余油的重量计算制冷剂中油的百分比或循环油百分比。含3GS油的制冷剂R502(48.8重量%HCFC-22,51.2重量%CFC-115(氯五氟乙烷))用作比较基准。能力(capacity)是指蒸发器中每磅循环制冷剂的焓变,即蒸发器中的制冷剂每次除去的热量。制冷系数(COP)是指能力与压缩机的功之比。它是制冷剂能量效率的量度。结果示于表6。
表6
*视镜中油面下降至视点以下**基于制冷剂和油0.3%IsoparH
制冷剂/油组合 | 油循环(wt%) | 能力(Kbtu/H) | COP |
R502/3GS | 0.16 | 3.26 | 1.67 |
R404A/3GS* | 0.12 | 3.31 | 1.70 |
R404A/在3GS中含6%IsoparH** | 0.15 | 3.26 | 1.65 |
数据表明,加入6重量%的IsoparH可得到与基准R502/3GS体系类似的COP,制冷能力和油循环。如果没有IsoparH,在视镜中油面下降说明油回流不足。
实施例7
用实施例6的Hussmann超市的冷冻食品展示柜研究IsoparH在体系操作时的浓度分布。将含15%IsoparH的3GS矿物油加到油槽中并在系统中加入R407C。操作48小时后,分析油槽中油和冷凝器后液体管道中油以得到IsoparH的百分浓度并计算物料平衡,如下面表7所示。
表7
位置 | 时间(小时) | IsoparH的重量% |
油槽 | 0 | 15.0 |
油槽 | 48 | 2.3 |
液体管线 | 48 | 3.2 |
蒸发器 | 48 | 9.5 |
数据表明,IsoparH有足够的挥发度以被带出油槽并沉积在蒸发器中。蒸发器中IsoparH的存在降低了油的粘度,从而使蒸发器中的油回到压缩机中。油槽中IsoparH浓度由15%降低到2.3%,可使油槽中油粘度保持得足够高以最大限度减少对压缩机润滑的影响。
Claims (21)
1.一种制冷剂组合物,它含有:
(a)含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃;
(b)选自矿物油和合成油的油;和
(c)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂。
2.一种制冷剂组合物,它含有:
(a)含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃;和
(b)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂。
3.一种润滑剂组合物,与卤代烃制冷剂一起用在压缩制冷设备中,它含有:
(a)选自矿物油和合成油的油;和
(b)含10~16个碳原子的烃回油剂。
4.权利要求1、2或3的组合物,其中所说烃回油剂形成所说卤代烃与选自矿物油和合成油的油的溶液。
5.权利要求1的组合物,其中所说烃回油剂小于所说制冷剂组合物的大约10重量%。
6.权利要求1的组合物,其中含有大约40至大约99重量%的卤代烃,大约1至大约60重量%的油和大约0.01至大约10重量%的烃回油剂。
7.权利要求1或2的组合物,其中所说卤代烃含1至6个碳原子和至少一个氟原子,其标准沸点是大约-90℃至大约80℃,并任选地还可以含有氯和氧原子。
8.权利要求7的组合物,其中所说卤代烃选自:
CCl2F2(CFC-12),CHCl2F(HCFC-21),CHClF2(HCFC-22),CHF3(HFC-23),CH2ClF(HCFC-31),CH2F2(HFC-32),CH3F(HFC-41),CF3CF3(FC-116),CHCl2CF3(HCFC-123),CHClFCClF2(HCFC-123a),CHClFCF3(HCFC-124),CHF2CClF2(HCFC-124a),CHF2CF3(HFC-125),CH2ClCF3(HCFC-133a),CHF2CHF2 (HFC-134),CH2FCF3(HFC-134a),CClF2CH3(HCFC-142b),CHF2CH2F(HFC-143),CF3CH3(HFC-143a),CHClFCH3(HCFC-151a),CHF2CH3(HFC-152a),CHF2CCl2CF3(HCFC-225aa),CHClFCClFCF3(HCFC-225ba),CHF2CClFCClF2(HCFC-225bb),CHCl2CF2CF3(HCFC-225ca),CHClFCF2CClF2(HCFC-225cb),CHF2CF2CCl2F(HCFC-225cc),CClF2CHClCF3(HCFC-225da),CClF2CHFCClF2(HCFC-225ea),CF3CHFCCl2F(HCFC-225eb),CHF2CClFCF3(HCFC-226ba),CHClFCF2CF3(HCFC-226ca),CHF2CF2CClF2 (HCFC-226cb),CF3CHClCF3(HCFC-226da),CClF2CHFCF3(HCFC-226ea),CHF2CF2CF3(HFC-227ca),CF3CFHCF3(HFC-227ea),CHF2CClFCHF2(HCFC-235ba),CH2FCClFCF3(HCFC-235bb),CHClFCF2CHF2(HCFC-235ca),CH2ClCF2CF3(HCFC-235cb),CH2FCF2CClF2(HCFC-235cc),CHF2CHClCF3(HCFC-235da),CHClFCHFCF3(HCFC-235ea),CHF2CHFCClF2(HCFC-235eb),CClF2CH2CF3(HCFC-235fa),CHF2CF2CHF2(HFC-236ca),CH2FCF2CF3(HFC-236cb),CHF2CHFCF3(HFC-236ea),CF3CH2CF3(HFC-236fa),CH2FCF2CHF2(HFC-245ca),CH3CF2CF3(HFC-245cb),CHF2CHFCHF2(HFC-245ea),CH2FCHFCF3(HFC-245eb),CHF2CH2CF3(HFC-245fa),CH2FCF2CH2F(HFC-254ca),CH2CF2CHF2(HFC-254cb),CH2FCHFCHF2(HFC-254ea),CH3CHFCF3(HFC-254eb),CHF2CH2CHF2(HFC-254fa),CH2FCH2CF3(HFC-254fb),CH3CF2CH3(HFC-272ca),CH3CHFCH2F(HFC-272ea),CH2FCH2CH2F(HFC-272fa),CH3CH2CF2H(HFC-272fb),CH3CHFCH3(MFC-281ea),CH3CH2CH2F(HFC-281fa),CF3CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-329p),CF3CF2CFHCF3(HFC-329me),CF3CF2CF2CFH2(HFC-338q),CF3CF2CH2CF3(HFC-338mf),CF3CF2CFHCF2H(HFC-338pe),CF3CFHCF2CF2H(HFC-338pce),CHF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-338pcc),CF3CFHCFHCF3(HFC-338mee),CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-42-11p),CF3CF2CFHCF2CF3(HFC-42-11mce),CF3CF2CF2CFHCF3(HFC-42-11me),CF3CF2CH2CF2CF3(HFC-43-10mcf),CF3CF2CF2CH2CF3(HFC-43-10mf),CF3CF2CF2CFH2(HFC-43-10q),CF3CF2CF2CFHCF2H(HFC-43-10pe),CF3CF2CFHCF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pce),CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3(HFC-43-10mee),CF2HCF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pccc),CF3CFHCF2CF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pcce),CF3CFHCF2CFHCF3(HFC-43-10mece),CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-52-13p),C4F9OCH3,和C4F9OC2H5.
9.权利要求7的组合物,还含有少于大约10重量%的至少一种C3~C5烃。
10.权利要求1或3的组合物,其中所说油选自链烷烃、环烷烃、芳烃、烷基芳烃、合成链烷烃和聚α-烯烃。
11.权利要求1、2或3的组合物,其中所说烃回油剂包括含11~13个碳原子的烃。
12.一种制冷方法,包括在待冷却的物体附近蒸发权利要求1或2的组合物。
13.一种加热方法,包括在待加热的物体附近冷凝权利要求1或2的组合物。
14.一种使油从压缩制冷系统的非压缩机区返回到压缩机区的方法,包括:
(a)在含6~16个碳原子的烃回油剂存在下,将选自矿物油和合成油中的油在非压缩机区与含至少一个碳原子和一个氟原子的卤代烃接触,以形成一种含油、卤代烃和烃回油剂的溶液;和
(b)将溶液由制冷系统的非压缩机区输送到压缩机区。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中烃回油剂小于包含卤代烃、油和烃回油剂的溶液的大约10重量%。
16.权利要求14的方法,其中包含卤代烃、油和烃回油剂的溶液含大约40至大约99重量%的卤代烃、大约1至大约60重量%的油和大约0.01至大约10重量%的烃回油剂。
17.权利要求14的方法,其中所说含1-6个碳原子和至少一个氟原子的卤代烃的标准沸点是大约-90℃至大约80℃,任选地还可含氯和氧原子。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中所说卤代烃选自:
CCl2F2(CFC-12),CHCl2F(HCFC-21),CHClF2(HCFC-22),CHF3(HFC-23),CH2ClF(HCFC-31),CH2F2(HFC-32),CH3F(HFC-4l),CF3CF3(FC-116),CHCl2CF3(HCFC-123),CHClFCClF2(HCFC-123a),CHClFCF3(HCFC-124),CHF2CClF2(HCFC-124a),CHF2CF3(HFC-125),CH2ClCF3(HCFC-133a),CHF2CHF2(HFC-134),CH2FCF3(HFC-134a),CClF2CH3(HCFC-142b),CHF2CH2F(HFC-143),CF3CH3(HFC-143a),CHClFCH3(HCFC-151a),CHF2CH3(HFC-152a),CHF2CCl2CF3(HCFC-225aa),CHClFCClFCF3(HCFC-225ba),CHF2CClFCClF2(HCFC-225bb),CHCl2CF2CF3(HCFC-225ca),CHClFCF2CClF2(HCFC-225cb),CHF2CF2CCl2F(HCFC-225cc),CClF2CHClCF3(HCFC-225da),CClF2CHFCClF2(HCFC-225ea),CF3CHFCCl2F(HCFC-225eb),CHF2CClFCF3(HCFC-226ba),CHClFCF2CF3(HCFC-226ca),CHF2CF2CClF2(HCFC-226cb),CF3CHClCF3(HCFC-226da),CClF2CHFCF3(HCFC-226ea),CHF2CF2CF2CF3(HFC-227ca),CF3CFHCF3(HFC-227ea),CHF2CClFCHF2(HCFC-235ba),CH2FCClFCF3(HCFC-235bb),CHClFCF2CHF2(HCFC-235ca),CH2ClCF2CF3(HCFC-235cb),CH2CF2CClF2(HCFC-235cc),CHF2CHClCF3(HCFC-235da),CHClFCHFCF3(HCFC-235ea),CHF2CHFCClF2(HCFC-235eb),CClF2CH2CF3(HCFC-235fa),CHF2CF2CHF2(HC-236ca),CH2FCF2CF3(HFC-236cb),CHF2CHFCF3(HFC-236ea),CF3CH2CF3(HFC-236fa),CH2FCF2CHF2(HFC-245ca),CH3CF2CF3(HFC-245cb),CHF2CHFCHF2(HFC-245ea),CH2FCHFCF3(HFC-245eb),CHF2CH2CF3(HFC-245fa),CH2FCFC2CH2F(HFC-254ca),CH2CF2CHF2(HFC-254cb),CH2FCHFCHF2(HFC-254ea),CH3CHFCF3(HFC-254eb),CHF2CH2CHF2(HFC-254fa),CH2FCH2CF3(HFC-254fb),CH3CF2CH3(HFC-272ca),CH3CHFCH2F(HFC-272ea),CH2FCH2CH2F(HFC-272fa),CH3CH2CF2H(HFC-272fb),CH3CHFCH3(HFC-281ea),CH3CH2CH2F(HFC-281fa),CF3CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-329p),CF3CF2CFHCF3(HFC-329me),CF3CF2CF2CFH2(HFC-338q),CF3CF2CH2CF3(HFC-338mf),CF3CF2CFHCF2CFHCF2H(HFC-338pe),CF3CFHCF2CF2H(HFC-338pce),CHF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-338pcc),CF3CFHCFHCF3(HFC-338mee),CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-42-11p),CF3CF2CFHCF2CF3(HFC-42-11mce),CF3CF2CF2CFHCF3(HFC-42-11me),CF3CF2CH2CF2CF3(HFC-43-10mcf),CF3CF2CF2CH2CF3(HFC-43-10mf),CF3CF2CF2CF2CFH2(HFC-43-10q),CF3CF2CF2CFHCF2H(HFC-43-10pe),CF3CF2CFHCF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pce),CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3(HFC-43-10mee),CF2HCF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pccc),CF3CFHCF2CF2CF2H(HFC-43-10pcce),CF3CFHCF2CFHCF3(HFC-43-10mece),CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2H(HFC-52-13p),C4F9OCH3,和C4F9OC2H5.
19.权利要求17的方法,其中所说卤代烃还含有少于10重量%的至少一种C3~C5烃。
20.权利要求14的方法,其中所说油选自链烷烃、环烷烃、芳烃、烷基芳烃、合成链烷烃和聚α-烯烃。
21.权利要求14的方法,其中所说烃回油剂包括含11至13个碳原子的烃。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/231847 | 1999-01-15 | ||
US09/231,847 US6299792B1 (en) | 1998-01-16 | 1999-01-15 | Halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant compositions containing polymeric oil-return agents |
US35171099A | 1999-07-12 | 1999-07-12 | |
US09/351710 | 1999-07-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1333806A true CN1333806A (zh) | 2002-01-30 |
CN1210368C CN1210368C (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
Family
ID=26925485
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN 99815670 Expired - Fee Related CN1210368C (zh) | 1999-01-15 | 1999-07-14 | 含烃回油剂的卤代烃制冷剂组合物 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1151054A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002534578A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1210368C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU772143B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9917321A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2359090A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2000042118A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0105065D0 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2001-04-18 | Ici Plc | Lubricant compositions |
US6759374B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-07-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composition comprising lubricious additive for cutting or abrasive working and a method therefor |
US8999191B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-04-07 | National Refrigerants, Inc. | R22 replacement refrigerant |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5072067A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1991-12-10 | Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited | Lubricating oil composition |
CA2021916A1 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-03-08 | Harry N. Cripps | Compositions and process of using in refrigeration |
AU3443993A (en) * | 1992-01-23 | 1993-09-01 | Pieter Jan Dirk Muntz | Lubricating oil composition |
JP3867996B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-05 | 2007-01-17 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドゥ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | ヒドロフルオロカーボンおよび炭化水素の組成物 |
US5611210A (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1997-03-18 | Ikon Corporation | Fluoroiodocarbon blends as CFC and halon replacements |
US5814595A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1998-09-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Azeotrope-like compositions and their use |
-
1999
- 1999-07-14 AU AU49942/99A patent/AU772143B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-14 EP EP99934019A patent/EP1151054A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-14 CN CN 99815670 patent/CN1210368C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-14 WO PCT/US1999/015935 patent/WO2000042118A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-14 BR BR9917321-2A patent/BR9917321A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-14 CA CA002359090A patent/CA2359090A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-14 JP JP2000593677A patent/JP2002534578A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2359090A1 (en) | 2000-07-20 |
EP1151054A1 (en) | 2001-11-07 |
AU772143B2 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
JP2002534578A (ja) | 2002-10-15 |
CN1210368C (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
AU4994299A (en) | 2000-08-01 |
WO2000042118A1 (en) | 2000-07-20 |
BR9917321A (pt) | 2002-04-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9303900B2 (en) | Halogenated alkene heat transfer compositions with improved oil return | |
EP2268762B1 (en) | Refrigerant compositions having a siloxane solubilizing agent | |
US20180362820A1 (en) | Hydrofluorocarbon/trifluoroiodomethane/hydrocarbons refrigerant compositions | |
EP1047747B1 (en) | Halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant compositions containing polymeric oil-return agents | |
PT1725628E (pt) | Compostos refrigerantes de alquenos fluoretados | |
EP0772659A1 (en) | Refrigerant compositions | |
WO2007099351A1 (en) | Refrigerant composition | |
EP1092760B1 (en) | Lubricant for vapor compression refrigerator using hydrocarbon coolant | |
JP2700155B2 (ja) | 1.1.1.2−テトラフルオルエタン冷媒を使用する冷凍機用潤滑油 | |
WO2004031318A1 (en) | Refrigerant blend | |
KR20090101358A (ko) | 펜타플루오로에탄, 테트라플루오로에탄 및 탄화수소 조성물 | |
CN1210368C (zh) | 含烃回油剂的卤代烃制冷剂组合物 | |
JP3347614B2 (ja) | 冷凍機油組成物及び該組成物を用いた潤滑方法 | |
MXPA01007102A (en) | Halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant compositions containing hydrocarbon oil-return agents | |
WO2023069574A1 (en) | Compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene | |
KR20010101544A (ko) | 탄화수소 오일 반송제를 함유하는 할로겐화 탄화수소 냉매조성물 | |
ZA200104870B (en) | Halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant compositions containing hydrocarbon oil-return agents. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |