CN1332803C - 可用于生产可灌注食品的包装的感应密封设备和方法 - Google Patents

可用于生产可灌注食品的包装的感应密封设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN1332803C
CN1332803C CNB200480008669XA CN200480008669A CN1332803C CN 1332803 C CN1332803 C CN 1332803C CN B200480008669X A CNB200480008669X A CN B200480008669XA CN 200480008669 A CN200480008669 A CN 200480008669A CN 1332803 C CN1332803 C CN 1332803C
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inductor
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CN1767937A (zh
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C·费拉里
A·梅兰德里
S·贾维德
G·加拉沃蒂
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03J—TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J5/00—Discontinuous tuning; Selecting predetermined frequencies; Selecting frequency bands with or without continuous tuning in one or more of the bands, e.g. push-button tuning, turret tuner
    • H03J5/24—Discontinuous tuning; Selecting predetermined frequencies; Selecting frequency bands with or without continuous tuning in one or more of the bands, e.g. push-button tuning, turret tuner with a number of separate pretuned tuning circuits or separate tuning elements selectively brought into circuit, e.g. for waveband selection or for television channel selection
    • H03J5/246—Discontinuous tuning; Selecting predetermined frequencies; Selecting frequency bands with or without continuous tuning in one or more of the bands, e.g. push-button tuning, turret tuner with a number of separate pretuned tuning circuits or separate tuning elements selectively brought into circuit, e.g. for waveband selection or for television channel selection using electronic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3656—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
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    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849—Packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B65B51/227—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding by induction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/38—Impedance-matching networks
    • H03H7/40—Automatic matching of load impedance to source impedance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/934—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03J—TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to tuning resonant circuits and selecting resonant circuits
    • H03J2200/10—Tuning of a resonator by means of digitally controlled capacitor bank

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)

Abstract

一种感应密封设备，可用于生产可灌注食品的包装，为此要横向密封片状包装材料管(13)，所说包装材料包括至少一层(12)可感应加热的材料，所说可感应加热的材料由塑料材料(16)覆盖。所说密封设备具有：一个发生器(3)，用于产生交变功率信号S(ω)；感应器(4)，用于接收交变功率信号S(ω)以便在所说的层(12)内感应出寄生电流并且局部熔化所说塑料材料(16)以形成横向密封；和一个匹配电路(7)，用于在发生器(3)和感应器(4)之间实现最佳的功率传输。匹配电路(7)包括一个电感-电容性电路，其中具有可变电容的电容元件(20、24、25、26、27)的电容是可以调节的，从而可以使电流-电压相位角接近0。

Description

可用于生产可灌注食品的包装的 感应密封设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及可用于生产可灌注食品的包装的感应密封设备和方法。
具体来说，本发明可优选地(但不排除其它地)用在成形和密封单元，用于形成和密封来自连续填充可灌注食品的片状包装材料管的包装。
背景技术
众所周知，许多可灌注食品(如果汁或蔬菜汁、用巴氏法灭菌的或超高温处理的(UHT)牛奶、酒、等)是用消毒包装材料制成的包装进行销售的。
这种类型包装的一个典型例子是用于可灌注食品的平行六面体形状的包装，叫做Tetra Brik Aseptic，这种包装是通过折叠并密封层压包装材料的卷材(web)制成的。
层压包装材料包括多层纤维材料，例如纸，在其两面覆盖热密封塑料材料，例如聚乙烯，并且在用于长储存期食品如超高温处理牛奶的无菌包装的情况下，在最终要接触包装中的食品的一面上，还要包括一层氧气阻挡层材料，如一层铝或EVOH，在这一层上还要覆盖一层或多层热密封塑料材料。
众所周知，这样的包装是在全自动包装机上生产的，在这个包装机上可以从卷筒式给料(web-fed)的包装材料形成连续的管；例如通过施加化学消毒剂如过过氧化氢溶液就能在包装机本身上给包装材料卷材消毒，一旦消毒完成，就要通过加热从包装材料表面将化学消毒剂除去或者蒸发掉；经过这样消毒的包装材料卷材要保持在封闭的消毒环境中，并且折叠起来，沿纵向密封以形成竖直管。
然后，用经过消毒的或者经过消毒处理的可灌注食品从管的顶部填充所说的管，并且通过两对夹板(jaws)在等距分开的横向部分夹紧所说的管。更加具体地说，这两对夹板沿周边连续地作用在管上，密封所说管的包装材料并且形成连续的枕形填充条，这些填充条通过对应的横向密封带相互连接。
通过切割相关的密封带将枕形填充分开，然后将它们传递到最终的折叠站，在这里，用机器折叠它们，使之成为加工好的平行六面体形状。
在利用铝层作为阻挡层材料的无菌包装情况下，通常使用密封设备密封管的横向部分，所说的密封设备可以在铝层内感应出寄生电流以便局部熔化热密封塑料材料。
更加具体地说，每对夹板中的夹板之一包括一个主体和一个感应器，所说主体由非导电材料制成，所说感应器容纳在主体上的一个前端密封件上；另一个夹板具有压力垫，压力垫由产生弹性的材料如橡胶制成。
当相关的夹板对夹紧到管上时给这个感应器供电，从而通过密封塑料材料覆盖物可以密封所说管的横向部分。
更加具体地说，除了感应器以外，密封设备还包括一个交流功率信号发生器和一个匹配电路，所说匹配电路用于优化在发生器和感应器之间的功率传输。事实上，当电流-电压相位角接近0时，发生器提供最大的功率。
已有的匹配电路通常是由电感-电容性的电路确定的，其中的电容元件(通常由一系列并联连接的电容器确定)与电感元件(通常由一个变压器确定)并联连接；对于电容元件的电容值和电感元件的电感值进行选择，以便产生这样的相位状态：由此可使电流-电压的相位角接近于0。然而，这样的相位状态只对于与指定操作条件(例如，包装体积、填充机输出速率和操作速度、感应器的类型、等等)有关的预定的电负载才是最好的。
因此，因为变化的操作条件将引起电负载的变化，距优化相位条件有明显的差距，因此减小了向这个感应器的功率传输。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种可用来消除已有设备缺点的密封设备。
按照本发明，提供一种感应密封设备，可用于生产可灌注食品的包装，为此要横向密封片状包装材料管，所说片状包装材料包括至少一层可感应加热的材料，所说可感应加热的材料由塑料材料覆盖，所说密封设备包括：一个发生装置，用于产生交变功率信号S(ω)；至少一个感应器，用于接收交变功率信号S(ω)以便在所说的层内感应出寄生电流并且局部熔化所说塑料材料以形成横向密封；和一个匹配电路，用于在所说的发生器和感应器之间实现最佳的功率传输；其特征在于：所说匹配电路包括一个电感-电容性电路，其中的至少一个电感元件连接到至少一个有可变电容的电容元件上；电容元件的电容是可以调节的，从而可以使电流-电压相位角接近0。
本发明还涉及一种感应密封方法，所说方法可用于通过横向密封片状包装材料的管产生可灌注食品的包装，所说片状包装材料包括至少一层可感应加热的材料，用塑料材料覆盖可感应加热的材料，所说方法包括如下步骤：产生交变功率信号S(ω)；向至少一个感应器提供所说的交变功率信号S(ω)以便在所说的层内感应出寄生电流并且局部熔化所说塑料材料以形成横向密封；和借助于匹配电路在所说的发生器和感应器之间优化功率传输；其特征在于：所说优化步骤还包括如下步骤：调节连接到至少一个电感元件的至少一个电容元件的电容以使电流-电压相位角接近0。
附图说明
下面参照附图借助于实例描述本发明的一个优选的非限制性的实施例，其中：
图1表示要用于产生可灌注食品的包装的感应密封设备的简化电路图；
图2更加详细地表示图1的设备的一个部分；
图3表示图1的设备的一个变型。
具体实施方式
图1中的标号1表示用于产生可灌注食品的包装的感应密封设备的一个整体。
更加具体地说，密封设备1包括：一个发生器3，用于产生交变功率信号S(ω)；一个感应器4，用于接收交变功率信号S(ω)；和匹配电路7，用于优化在发生器3和感应器4之间的功率传输。
更加具体地说，发生器3可以按照传统方式产生中频(如530千赫兹)的可变电压的(如正弦的)信号，它的峰值电压在几百伏(如540伏)附近，可以产生连续的或者脉冲式的交变功率信号S(ω)，并且当电流和电压(二者都是在发生器3的输出端测量的)之间相位角接近0时提供最大功率(如2500瓦特)。
感应器4按常规方式由绕组10确定，绕组10接收交变功率信号S(ω)，产生一个脉冲磁场，脉冲磁场又在形成竖直管13(图中示出一部分并且是不按比例的)的一部分的铝片12上产生寄生电流，竖直管13是由叠层包装材料的适当形状的卷材(web)制成的。
叠层包装材料包括纤维材料(如纸)的中心层15，在中心层15的两侧面上覆盖热密封塑料材料16，如聚乙烯；铝板12插在纤维材料的中心层15和多个塑料材料层16之一之间；寄生电流局部熔化竖直管13的两个接触部分的塑料材料16以横向密封所说的竖直管13。
匹配电路7包括至少一个第一电容器20，第一电容器20插在第一和第二电线21、22之间；一系列电容器24、25、26、27(在所示的例子中为4个，但它们显然可以是任意其它数目)，根据作用在对应的开关24a，25a，26a，27a上的控制信号可以连接到电线21、22或与电线21、22断开。电容器20可以按照传统方式由一系列并联连接的电容器(如3个，图中未示出)确定，并且可以按照传统方式具有14-40nF左右的电容。
更加具体地说，电线21、22的第一端21a、22a确定匹配电路7的输入端，电线21、22的第二端21b、22b连接到变压器23的初级绕组23a的两个终端，变压器23具有确定匹配电路7的输出的次级绕组23b。变压器23最好具有铁氧体磁芯，绕组23a、23b由李兹导线制成以便大大地减小内部损耗。
因此，匹配电路7确定了一个电感-电容性电路，电感-电容性电路包括与具有可变电容的电容性元件并联连接的电感性元件(由变压器23的绕组23a确定)，所说的电容可以通过连接与电容器20并联连接的一个或多个电容器24、25、26、27进行改变。
按照本发明，要调节电容元件的电容值，以使电流-电压的相位角接近0。
按照常规方式通过控制电路30来调节电容，控制电路30用于在包装生产过程期间测量参数(例如，在发生器3的输出端的电流-电压相位角的瞬时值，和/或在发生器3的输出端的阻抗，即，匹配电路7的输入阻抗)，并且确定电容元件必须有的目标电容Ctarg，以获得接近0的电流-电压相位角。通过一个已知的仪器(未示出)在发生器3的输出端测量电流和电压，所说的仪器测量的是电压V、电流I、和相位角的瞬时值。
这样，可以将控制信号传送到一个或多个开关24a、25a、26a、27a，连接与电容器20并联连接的一个或多个电容器24、25、26、27，并且实现已经确定的目标电容Ctarg。因此，操作条件的变化改变了提供给控制电路30的参数，这将使开关24a、25a、26a、27a的预定组合开路/闭路，从而使整个电容满足上述的条件。
图2表示开关24a-27a之一的一个典型实施例。更加具体地说，每个开关24a-27a都包括第一和第二IGBT晶体管40a、40b，两个晶体管的发射极(E)相互连接，两个晶体管的集电极(C)分别连接到电线21和对应的电容器24-27的一个端部。IGBT晶体管40a、40b的栅极(G)通过电线42相互连接，并且经过电阻器44接收电压Vdc(如24伏)中的命令，所说的命令用于确定控制信号以使IGBT晶体管40a、40b导通/截止。电阻器46插在IGBT晶体管40a、40b的栅极(G)和发射极(E)之间，以使在这些晶体管截止时存储在IGBT晶体管的内部电容器中的电流放电。一个齐纳二极管48也插在IGBT晶体管40a、40b的栅极(G)和发射极(E)之间，以限制IGBT晶体管的电压Vge到预先确定的最大值(如16伏)。
在每个IGBT晶体管的集电极(C)和发射极(E)之间插入一个再循环二极管，以便允许在与通过IGBT晶体管(它是一个单向器件)的直接半波流动相反的半波流动期间有电流流动。
按照另一种方式，可以使用第一和第二MOSFET晶体管(金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)(未示出)，它们的源极(S)相互连接，它们的漏极(D)分别连接到电线21和对应的电容器24-27的一个终端端部。
在图3的变型中，器件1还确定一个与具有可变电容的电容元件并联连接的一个具有可变电感的电感元件。
在图3中的非限制性实施例中，通过变压器23确定可变电感，变压器23具有初级绕组23a，初级绕组23a具有一系列输入端50，输入端50与对应的匝数相连，并且当选定时可以产生变压器23的不同的变换比。输入端50根据来自控制电路30的控制信号选择性地连接到线21和22。更加具体地说，选择输入端50可以改变匹配电路的电感，以使匹配电路7的输入阻抗(即，从信号发生器3“看到”的阻抗)取接近优化阻抗值Zott(如50欧姆)的一个值，从而使从发生器3到感应器4的功率传输最大。

Claims (11)

1.一种感应密封设备，可用于通过横向密封片状包装材料的管(13)生产可灌注食品的包装，所说包装材料包括至少一层可感应加热的材料(12)，所说可感应加热的材料由塑料材料(16)覆盖，所说密封设备包括：
发生装置(3)，用于产生交变功率信号S(ω)；
至少一个感应器(4)，用于接收交变功率信号S(ω)以便在所说的可感应加热的材料层(12)内感应出寄生电流并且局部熔化所说塑料材料(16)以形成横向密封；和
一个匹配电路(7)，用于在所说的发生装置(3)和所说的感应器(4)之间实现最佳的功率传输；
其特征在于：所说匹配电路(7)包括一个电感-电容性电路，其中的至少一个电感元件(23a、23)连接到至少一个可变电容的电容元件(20、24、25、26、27)上；该电容元件的电容是可以调节的，从而可以使电流-电压相位角接近0。
2.根据权利要求1所述的密封设备，其中：所说电感元件(23)和所说电容元件(20、24、25、26、27)是相互并联连接的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封设备，其中：所说的电容元件(20、24、25、26、27)包括至少一个主电容器(20)；一系列辅助电容器(24、25、26、27)，一系列辅助电容器(24、25、26、27)可选择地并联连接/断开所说主电容器(20)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的密封设备，其中：开关装置(24a、25a、26a、27a)连接到对应的辅助电容器(24、25、26、27)以便接通/断开对应的辅助电容器(24、25、26、27)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的密封设备，其中：每个开关装置(24a、25a、26a、27a)包括第一和第二IGBT晶体管(40a、40b)，第一和第二IGBT晶体管(40a、40b)的发射极(E)相互连接，它们的集电极(C)分别与同主电容器(20)连接的电线(21)以及对应的辅助电容器(24、25、26、27)的一个终端端部通信；所说IGBT晶体管(40a、40b)的栅极(G)相互连接，并且接收电压命令Vda以使所说IGBT晶体管(40a、40b)导通/截止。
6.根据权利要求5所述的密封设备，其中：至少一个电阻器(46)插在IGBT晶体管(40a、40b)的栅极(G)和发射极(E)之间；所说电阻器(46)可以保证在IGBT晶体管截止时存储在IGBT晶体管的内部电容器内的电流的放电。
7.根据权利要求5所述的密封设备，其中：在每个IGBT晶体管(40a、40b)的栅极(G)和发射极(E)之间插入至少一个齐纳二极管(48)；所说齐纳二极管(48)用于限制IGBT晶体管的电压Vge，使其为预先确定的最大值。
8.根据权利要求1所述的密封设备，其中：所说电感元件(23、23a)具有可变电感值；调节所说的电感值，以使所说匹配电路的阻抗可以取接近最佳阻抗值Zott的一个值，从而使从所说发生装置(3)至所说感应器(4)的功率传输最大。
9.根据权利要求8所述的密封设备，其中：所说电感元件(23a、23)包括具有初级绕组(23a)的一个变压器(23)，初级绕组(23a)具有与对应的匝数有关的一系列输入端(50)，因此当选定时，可以产生不同的变压器(23)的变压比。
10.一种感应密封方法，所说方法可用于通过横向密封片状包装材料的管(13)产生可灌注食品的包装，所说片状包装材料包括至少一层可感应加热的材料(12)，所说可感应加热的材料用塑料材料(16)覆盖，所说方法包括如下步骤：
利用发生装置(3)产生交变功率信号S(ω)；
向至少一个感应器(4)提供所说的交变功率信号S(ω)，以便在所说的可感应加热的材料层(12)内感应出寄生电流并且局部熔化所说塑料材料(16)以形成横向密封；和
借助于匹配电路(7)在所说的发生装置(3)和所说的感应器(4)之间优化功率传输；
其特征在于：所说优化步骤还包括如下步骤：调节连接到至少一个电感元件(23a、23)的至少一个电容元件(20、24、25、26、27)的电容以使电流-电压相位角接近0。
11.根据权利要求10所述的密封方法，还包括如下步骤：调节所说电感元件的电感值，以使从所说发生装置看到的阻抗可以取接近最佳阻抗值Zott的一个值，从而使从所说发生装置(3)至所说感应器(4)的功率传输最大。
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AU2004224099A1 (en) 2004-10-07
CA2519721A1 (en) 2004-10-07
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UA81801C2 (uk) 2008-02-11
BRPI0408793B1 (pt) 2014-03-25
AU2004224099B2 (en) 2008-09-11
RU2337005C2 (ru) 2008-10-27
ITTO20030238A1 (it) 2004-09-29
HK1091439A1 (en) 2007-01-19
ATE337160T1 (de) 2006-09-15
MXPA05010280A (es) 2005-11-17
JP4486959B2 (ja) 2010-06-23
PL1620249T3 (pl) 2006-12-29
EP1620249B1 (en) 2006-08-23
WO2004085253A3 (en) 2005-03-10
PT1620249E (pt) 2006-12-29
JP2006521248A (ja) 2006-09-21
KR20060002885A (ko) 2006-01-09
EP1620249A2 (en) 2006-02-01
US20060242928A1 (en) 2006-11-02
ES2270369T3 (es) 2007-04-01
BRPI0408793A (pt) 2006-03-28
KR101152474B1 (ko) 2012-06-01
RU2005133218A (ru) 2006-03-10
CN1767937A (zh) 2006-05-03
US7538302B2 (en) 2009-05-26
DE602004002111T2 (de) 2007-02-08
WO2004085253A2 (en) 2004-10-07
DE602004002111D1 (de) 2006-10-05

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