CN1329819A - Method for cltivating irrigated crops - Google Patents
Method for cltivating irrigated crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN1329819A CN1329819A CN 00109474 CN00109474A CN1329819A CN 1329819 A CN1329819 A CN 1329819A CN 00109474 CN00109474 CN 00109474 CN 00109474 A CN00109474 A CN 00109474A CN 1329819 A CN1329819 A CN 1329819A
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Abstract
A method for cultivating the irrigated crops features that the capillary tube clusters are used to deliver the water from water source or water pipeline to crops for irrigating them. Its advantages are no need of external energy, uniform, stable and precise irrigation, saving water by more than 50%, saving electric power by 90%, low cost and high yield of crops.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of new method of cultivating irrigated crop, its technical characterictic is that cultivation required water of the crop of (Fig. 1-2) in container (Fig. 1-1) or ground is connected and obtains by the water (Fig. 1-5) of capillary boundling (Fig. 1-3) with water source (Fig. 1-6) or water delivery trunk line (Fig. 1-4).In the height that the capillary suction can reach, capillary bunched pair crop unit interval carrying capacity and hydraulic pressure size are irrelevant, and be relevant to the size of water attraction with the size and the capillary of capillary boundling cross-sectional area.Under the situation without any external energy, what the capillary boundling was able to continuously promotes the needs of supplying with the plant growing that is higher than the water source with water; The water that hydraulic pressure can be higher than plant root is converted into stress-free water, and it is even, stable, accurate that water is carried, and agravic water generates does not have the waste of water.
As everyone knows, the form of irrigated crop has flood irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation etc. at present, and slight irrigation divides drip irrigation, microspray irrigation, bubbling irrigation and pipeline infiltration.Micro irrigation technology can both conserve water than flood irrigation sprinkling irrigation, and contribution has been made in agricultural development, but the part that still has some deficits.The one, be subjected to influence of hydraulic pressure.The water of the big more outflow of hydraulic pressure is just many more, except that the pipeline infiltrating irrigation, does not have the driving of positive hydraulic pressure, and slight irrigation just stops, and for keeping hydraulic pressure, just requires the expenditure of energy; The 2nd, there is gravitational water to run off, when hydraulic pressure was big, the water that drip, spray, oozes was just many more, will produce runoff water, gravitational water, make current lose waste.The 3rd, stop up.Bubbling irrigation and pipeline infiltrating irrigation, owing to be affected by thermal expansion and contraction, the pipe hole of imbedding the underground artesian spring filling is easily stopped up by earth, the also easy contaminated thing particulate of pipeline infiltrating irrigation stops up, influences and continues to irrigate.Need to clean and to operate again.The 4th, tube wall infiltrating irrigation and eyelet infiltrating irrigation all are not suitable in ground, the aerial applications of not having soil, also are not suitable for being connected farming with potted plant.The 5th, most important, all present irrigation methods all can not be under the situation of no external pressure, no external energy, and the water source that will be lower than the suitable distance of crop promotes, and effectively irrigates locating high-order crop.
The present invention tries hard to overcome above-mentioned these deficiencies, adopts capillary boundling and water source, aqueduct way of combining, utilizes the attraction of capillary to water, and water is caused the root behaviour area of institute raise crop, and the root of the crop hair can directly absorb; Or bundle of capillary tubes earlier causes soil with water, and the capillary through soil spreads water again, supplies plant absorbing then.Measure according to scientist, plant root hair is equivalent to 15.2 * 10 to the absorptivity of water
5Handkerchief is greater than the attraction of capillary to water.
Plant has been broken the equilibrium appearance that bundle of capillary tubes attracts moisture content to the absorption of moisture content, and capillary need attract moisture content to set up new balance again, makes the irrigation of plant is proceeded.The water requirement of plant is being regulated carrying capacity capillaceous.This irrigation form is different from present any irrigation form.Its technological merit is:
1. can will be in the water of crop below, under the situation of no external energy, absorb lifting by capillary and be made for the thing absorption.Capillary attract to promote the height that can reach with water, is decided by the height of position, water source and the capillary size to the water attraction.
2. under the situation of no external energy, can rely on connecting airtight of capillary boundling and soil capillary or plant root hair, finish the continuous transfer of moisture content, finally finish the irrigation process.
3. the water supply size of bundle of capillary tubes unit interval, irrelevant, only relevant to the water attraction with contained capillary number of capillary boundling and capillary with the pressure size of water, therefore, the water of being supplied can accomplish to stablize, evenly, directed, accurately.Do not have gravitational water to produce, do not have the waste of water.
The capillary water that transports out of bundle of capillary tubes easily by the capillary of soil absorb, diffusion, the improvement that can make the soil that hardens become loose, to help crop root mobile layer ecotope exchanges with air, and crop is grown better.
5. be applicable to all cultivation space and regions.
This cultivation irrigation method is achieved like this: earlier the capillary boundling is made.The capillary boundling can with vegetable fiber, chemical fibre, mineral fibre separately or mutually combination make, as long as suction is fast, carrying capacity is strong, acid and alkali-resistance, ageing-resistant, practical inexpensive just passable.In order to prevent the loss of moisture content in capillary boundling course of conveying, the capillary boundling will have fluid-tight overcoat, available plastic film or rubber to make.The capillary boundling contacts an end with water be perforate, helps entering of water; An end that contacts with soil or root system of plant, the capillary boundling exposes overcoat, helps that moisture content is transferred to soil or directly by plant absorbing.The water source is when supplying by aqueduct, and bundle of capillary tubes must be inserted in the water pipe, must closely be connected between mutually inserting intersection, to prevent spilling water.Specific embodiments has:
One, water source (water supply line, tank) is connected with cultivating container or soil crop by the capillary boundling.
This kind situation will decide the distribution of capillary boundling and the length of capillary boundling by density, water requirements of crops, the water surface at water source and the vertical range of cultivating container of plantation crop.
1. the vertical range of cultivating container or soil crop and feed pipe is zero, as long as very short capillary boundling just can be finished water is transferred to crop, this cultivation, help saving the capillary boundling, can be on ground or soil carry out, also available cultivating container is imbedded underground or is aloft carried out.Be embedded in earth, when sand is cultivated, cultivating container can be made with film, reduces the moisture content transpiration to reduce cost.
2. cultivating container or the crop root and water source (water supply line or the tank) that are planted in soil have distance.
(1) plantation is higher than the cultivation of water source (water supply line, tank) container or the crop that is planted in soil.This cultivation, crop are last, and water source (water supply line, tank) is following.The vertical range in crop and pond is generally in 200cm.As cropland in the Plain, excavate the water cellar of a dark 200cm, with rainwash water draw gather in interior, then water was drawn with aqueduct from the end, cellar for storing things, and extend to the crop that will irrigate by this depth level.Distance by crop has openning hole on water supply line, will have an end of the capillary boundling of protection overcoat to insert in the feed pipe, and the other end is connected with the crop of plantation, and water is attracted to crop root or soil matrix confession plant absorbing by the capillary material.
Article (2) one, water-supply-pipe is connected with the crop of multirow plantation.Promptly use a water supply line, according to distance punching between kind crop line number and strain and the strain, by inserting capillary boundling different in size, the crop with plantation is connected respectively, and an aqueduct promptly can be the crop irrigation of multirow.
(3) crop in the soil is lower than the cultivation of water source (water supply line or tank) at container or plantation in plantation.This cultivation is irrigated, and the one, directly use the capillary boundling that the water of water source (water supply line or tank) is introduced the crop of planting below, in bundle of capillary tubes is placed into the soil.As at booth, can build a pond on the ground, also can construct a pond at subsurface.After the water of upper strata tank uses up,, keep water capillary boundling from top to bottom and irrigate by the pond, water suction upper strata of mobile water pump with underground tank.
3. the water container cultivation that is connected with cultivating container.With the capillary boundling water container is connected with cultivating container, both tank can be placed on the crop, also can place under the crop.And can make various moulding to cultivating container and tank, as animal-type, personage's type, mineral type, plant type, combination collocation mutually also, to increase artistic appreciation.
Two, building the cultivation of miniature water storage storehouse in level land and hillside fields irrigates.
On the level land or the hillside fields dig pit, do antiseepage and handle.The volume in hole is decided on plantation crop and local rainfall.When raining, the rainwash water of certain limit is introduced storage, with aqueduct and capillary boundling water is drawn then and irritate crop.
Three, aerial vertical cultivation is irrigated.
As required, water supply line can be assembled into various three-dimensional shapes, be fixed on the space and place correspondingly cultivating container, pattern such as can form that pagoda type, ramp type, column type, square column formula, plane and slope convolution, pagoda and planar junction are box-like, cylinder and slope convolution, square column and planar junction are box-like.Be planted in the needed moisture content of crop of container, in water supply line, cause container crop root behaviour area, be made for thing and absorb by the capillary boundling.
Four, cultivate irrigation at roof, sandstone on the ground.
Build tank at roof and from tank bottom 10cm part the outlet pipe of master switch (Fig. 2-1) is installed, the pipeline distance of external horizontal each delivery port of the pipeline with multi-outlet (Fig. 2-2) of outlet pipe is decided with the requirement of planted crop.The feed pipe (Fig. 2-3) that the capillary boundling will be installed then closely is connected with it.The capillary boundling (Fig. 2-4) of water delivery is inserted in the bottom that the container of plantation earth or other matrix is housed, crop on the container kind, behind the pouring normal root water, as long as cultivation matrix nutrition ties in or add nutrient solution in tank, but crop is with regard to normal growth.In the landform of undulating movement admant area particularly, as long as crest and water source water surface vertical range are no more than capillary attracts lifting to water height, water supply line one end that is filled with the capillary material is goed deep into the water source, and water just can be crossed crest along water supply line and supply with the crop absorption of being planted.
Five, cultivate irrigation on ground, desert.
At first construct tank in suitable place, ground, desert.To seal in case water evaporates above the pond.Draw the master switch pipeline at tank, pipe outlet laterally is connected the pipeline with multiple exit switch, and this pipeline is positioned at the desert ground surface or imbeds in the stratum, desert, decides with the needs of planting plant according to the position of tank.The general employing imbedded container in the sandy soil.With the organic and inorganic fertilizer of plant growing needs and the husky blending in desert, fill up container, do to cover to fasten preventing water evaporates with plastic sheeting for farm use in vessel port.As what plant is perennial plant, and the bottom of container can be decontroled, and allows the root of plant prick and growth sidelong toward deep layer; As what plant is the crop of gathering in the crops then, and container bottom is opened a small sircle hole, supplies the capillary boundling insertion of water guide to get final product.Also can adopt high absorbent material relative fixed moisture content in the plantation in desert, adopt and spray the transpiration loss that the technology that can form film prevents the required moisture content of plant.
The cultivation irrigation method of the invention has huge actuality and social effect.The one, adapt to wide.Can be used for sandstone area, desert, arid area, Plain do not have the reservoir area, aleak, space and planes such as island, the water surface, aerial, household balcony, roof, wall.As in the lack of water flat land, very fast loss when rainwater is arranged.There are not pond and reservoir to dam.Use this irrigation method, can below the face of land, dig cellar for storing things or pond, surface water is assembled, saved, be connected with it, attract to rise to the crop root behaviour area by the capillary material again, for plant absorbing with aqueduct.Consumed energy is not easy to carry out.Can enlarge the cultivated area of the required food of human lives in this way.The 2nd, not only economize on water but also increase production.The inventor does cultivation asparagus lettuce experiment in land for growing field crops, Bobai County, Guangxi with water supply line and the water delivery of capillary boundling, and per mu yield increases by 50% than general conventional method, reaches 7492.5 kilograms, water saving significantly, the per kilogram asparagus lettuce is 4.5 kilograms of water consumptions.The 3rd, energy-conservation joint is fertile.Because used water can be the following water of ground surface, need not pressurize and flood, usefulness be elements.There is not gravitational water to take away fertilizer.The 4th, chesson is saved the labour.Capillary water has huge vigor, no matter be to walk from bottom to top or walk from top to bottom, loosing soil can be prevented to harden, adds fertilising, dispenser work can be undertaken by water supply line and capillary material, has saved the labour greatly.The 5th, less investment.The pressurization that need not be special and the equipment of flooding, the institute pond of building can be below the face of land, and the investor plants melon or fruit type crops such as watermelon, grape, and is surplus every mu of ground only need drop into 200 yuan, available more than 10 years.
Generally speaking, this cultivation irrigation method has realistic meaning to solving worldwide lack of water.According to the United Nations's prediction, enter the early 21st century, just there is 1/3rd national serious water shortage in the whole world.China has also listed poor-water country in.Add the soil owing to reasons such as desert, desertification reduce day by day, many scientist's demonstrations, the earth can only be supported 10,000,000,000 people at the most, and the population of the earth surpasses 6,000,000,000 now.Population is very big to the pressure in water source, soil.Hidden the factor of social unrest.The present invention is water saving and utilizes a section, the effective means of space plantation crop also is desert and the effective means that stops desertification of land, can accomplish the unification of social benefit, ecological benefits, economic benefit, have huge market potential, be worth promoting.
Claims (6)
1. new method of cultivating irrigated crop, its technical characterictic is, the crop that to plant in container (Fig. 1-1) or soil (Fig. 1-2) by capillary boundling (Fig. 1-3) is connected with the water (Fig. 1-5) of water source (1-6) or water delivery trunk line (Fig. 1-4), to stablize, accurately to irrigate.
2. according to claim 1, its technical characterictic is that in certain altitude, capillary bunched pair crop unit interval carrying capacity and hydraulic pressure size are irrelevant, and be relevant to the size of water attraction with the size and the capillary of capillary boundling cross-sectional area.
3. according to claim 1, its technical characterictic is that the water delivery trunk line that links to each other with the capillary boundling both can be an open-core type in the pipeline, also can be full of the capillary material.
4. according to claim 1, its technical characterictic is, the miniature tank of building below the face of land draws poly-rainwash retaining, and the capillary boundling can promote water and irrigate crop.
5. according to claim 1, its technical characterictic is, the cultivating container that is connected with the capillary boundling, can be fixed on with embarking on journey ground (Fig. 2), roof, balcony, the water surface, aerial or be embedded in the soil 1, container shapes can be made into animal-type, personage's type, plant type, mineral type and combined.
6. according to claim 1, its technical characterictic is, the capillary boundling that connects crop and water source or aqueduct has the protection overcoat, and an end capillary boundling that is connected with crop stretches out from overcoat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00109474 CN1329819A (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2000-06-27 | Method for cltivating irrigated crops |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00109474 CN1329819A (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2000-06-27 | Method for cltivating irrigated crops |
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| CN1329819A true CN1329819A (en) | 2002-01-09 |
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| CN 00109474 Pending CN1329819A (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2000-06-27 | Method for cltivating irrigated crops |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007104188A1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-20 | Beijing Singy Irrigation Technology Development Limited | An artificial water saving and energy saving automatically flood irrigation plant root |
| CN104054561A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-24 | 苏氏工业科学技术（北京）有限公司 | Self-adaptive irrigating system and roof greening device |
| CN105265286A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-01-27 | 曾平江 | Infiltration sand control novel device |
| CN107079729A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 杨静怡 | The planting groove of arid area |
| CN110786218A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-14 | 黑龙江省带岭林业科学研究所 | Rose hip potting technology |
| CN111468518A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-31 | 南京大学 | Fiber capillary water distribution pipe, water distribution system and water distribution method |
| CN111837704A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 车德辉 | Energy-efficient tree cultivation device |
| CN114287319A (en) * | 2022-01-15 | 2022-04-08 | 范学樑 | Capillary irrigation method for plant planting |
| CN115039679A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-13 | 江南大学 | Antigravity directional water guide bionic water-saving irrigation device and method |
-
2000
- 2000-06-27 CN CN 00109474 patent/CN1329819A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007104188A1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-20 | Beijing Singy Irrigation Technology Development Limited | An artificial water saving and energy saving automatically flood irrigation plant root |
| CN104054561A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-09-24 | 苏氏工业科学技术（北京）有限公司 | Self-adaptive irrigating system and roof greening device |
| CN104054561B (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2016-10-05 | 严祥军 | Self-adaptive irrigation system and roof greening device |
| CN105265286A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-01-27 | 曾平江 | Infiltration sand control novel device |
| CN107079729A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 杨静怡 | The planting groove of arid area |
| CN111837704A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 车德辉 | Energy-efficient tree cultivation device |
| CN110786218A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-14 | 黑龙江省带岭林业科学研究所 | Rose hip potting technology |
| CN111468518A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-31 | 南京大学 | Fiber capillary water distribution pipe, water distribution system and water distribution method |
| CN114287319A (en) * | 2022-01-15 | 2022-04-08 | 范学樑 | Capillary irrigation method for plant planting |
| CN115039679A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-13 | 江南大学 | Antigravity directional water guide bionic water-saving irrigation device and method |
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