CN1328407C - Method for preparing microu-crystal copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy cube material - Google Patents
Method for preparing microu-crystal copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy cube material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1328407C CN1328407C CNB2005101106733A CN200510110673A CN1328407C CN 1328407 C CN1328407 C CN 1328407C CN B2005101106733 A CNB2005101106733 A CN B2005101106733A CN 200510110673 A CN200510110673 A CN 200510110673A CN 1328407 C CN1328407 C CN 1328407C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing micron-crystal copper-aluminum-nickel shape memory alloy blocks. The method comprises: 81 to 85m% of copper, 12 to 14.5m% of aluminum and 3 to 4.5m% of nickel are prepared, smelted in vacuum and prepared into a copper-aluminum-nickel alloy cast ingot; the copper-aluminum-nickel alloy block is cut into blanks, and the surface of each blank is treated and coated with graphite lubricants; an isodiametric angle-bent extrusion die of which the angle of the extrusion channel is from 90 to 120 degrees is adopted, and the surface of the die cavity of the isodiametric angle-bent extrusion die is coated with graphite lubricants; the blanks coated with graphite lubricants are put in a mould, heated and held at the temperature of 300 to 400 DEG C in a heating furnace together with the mould, isodiametric angle-bending extrusion is carried out for the blanks when the blanks are taken out of the heating furnace, and eventually, the copper-aluminum-nickel shape memory alloy block is obtained, which has favorable strength, favorable plasticity, etc. The present invention can solve the problem that a copper-aluminum-nickel shape memory alloy has poor room-temperature plasticity; the present invention can raise the alloy mechanical property, reduce the alloy treatment cost and improve the success ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micron brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle (CuAl-Ni) marmen blocks preparation method, be used to improve the mechanical property such as plasticity, fatigue of alloy, and then promote the practical engineering application of this shape memory alloy.Belong to metallic substance and metallurgical class technical field.
Background technology
Shape memory alloy has been subjected to the extensive attention of material circle since coming out the beginning of the seventies, demonstrate great application prospect in fields such as civilian industry, aerospace, nuclear industry, biomedicines.The CuAl-Ni alloy has a lot of excellent properties, as: parent phase intensity height, can recover that stress is big, Heat stability is good etc., but poor because of its intensity high and low temperature plasticity, the acquisition that makes its high-performance bulk is difficulty very.
The cold plasticity that how to improve material is the primary problem that solves of copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy.Facts have proved: tiny equiaxial crystal grain can improve the plastic deformation ability of alloy, suppresses intercrystalline failure, improves fatigue lifetime.Alloy grain process for refining commonly used generally is divided into four kinds: adds various grain-refining agents or makes dendrite fragmentation when liquid by external energy, thus refinement cast structure, as element crystal grain thinnings such as interpolation zirconiums; The semi-solid-state shaping crystal grain thinning; Casting powder metallurgy is shaped; The intense plastic strain method is turned round method, isometrical bent angle extrusion process etc. such as pressure.First three methods is casting, and grain refining effect is not obvious.Plastic deformation method can be prepared grained material, and still, in order to obtain bigger dependent variable, pressure is turned round method and can only be prepared extremely thin flaky material, and isometrical bent angle extruding rule can be prepared bigger block grained material.Isometrical bent angle extrusion process technological principle and method be to the existing many reports of the grain refining of magnesium with good plasticity, aluminium alloy, but the grain refining of the metal alloy of intensity height, plasticity difference is subjected to the restriction of several factors.In the past Fa Ming patent for example the micron a crystal nickel aluminum-manganese marmen blocks preparation method etc. all be to push at the high temperature more than 700 ℃, the bigger temperature difference makes blank surface crack easily between blank and the mould, and use two kinds of different lubricants, it is cumbersome to operate.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of micron brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy bulk preparation method is provided, solve the problem of copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy temperature-room type plasticity difference, improve its mechanical property, reduce the cost that shape memory alloy is handled simultaneously, improve its lumber recovery.
For realizing such purpose, it is that fine copper, 99.99% fine aluminium and the 99.99% nickel plate of 99.99% (mass percent) is raw material that the present invention selects purity for use, carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes the copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot.The composition of alloy (mass percent) scope is: copper is 81～85%, and aluminium is 12～14.5%, and nickel is 3%～4.5%.The copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial is cut into blank, carry out surface treatment, and the coated graphite lubricant.Mould employing squeezing passage angle is 90～120 ° an isometrical bent angle extrusion mould, mold cavity surface applied oildag.Blank, mould are put into process furnace insulation take out after 1 hour and carry out isometrical bent angle extruding, finally obtain well behaved copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherials such as intensity, plasticity.
Copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy preparation method of the present invention is specially: with raw material by mass percentage copper be 81～85%, aluminium is 12～14.5%, nickel is 3～4.5% to prepare, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes the copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot.Ingot casting 800 ℃～1000 ℃ annealing, is incubated 10 minutes～2 hours, block copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot line is cut into blank, blank is carried out surface treatment, reach the surface working precision more than 4 grades, blank surface roughness Ra=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, preheating is 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, adopt the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, coating is wanted evenly, and coating back blank was dried 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature.
The present invention adopts isometrical bent angle extrusion mould, and the squeezing passage angle of mould is 90～120 °.With acetone mould is carried out surface and die cavity and clean, preheating is 1～1.5 hour under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coat-thickness is wanted evenly.Be placed on the blank that coats oildag in the mould and mould heats in 300～400 ℃ process furnace simultaneously, be incubated 1～1.5 hour after reaching temperature.Taking out the back pushes on universal hydraulic testing machine immediately, blank and the mould that squeezes out carried out blank being pushed behind surface treatment and the coating lubricant again, totally 4～8 times, can obtain the brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial of micron, its microcosmic average grain size is 0.1～0.6 μ m.
The present invention adopts isometrical bent angle extrusion process, is characterized in making sample size constancy before and after distortion, handle simply, and the lumber recovery height, and can realize big bulk processing.The swabbing of before the extruding mold cavity and blank to be extruded being carried out, can reduce the sliding-frictional resistance between blank and mold work surface significantly, thereby improve the flow uniformity of alloy material effectively, guarantee carrying out smoothly of extrusion process: the swabbing processing method is simple, cost is low, and after actually operating, blank and mould come off voluntarily, do not bond together good manufacturability mutually.Determining of blank surface smooth finish helps blank and reduces friction in extrusion process, improves the homogeneity of the plastic flow of blank.The determining and the blank that heats and mould taken out from process furnace simultaneously of blank, mold heated time and soaking time carries out isometrical bent angle extruding, can prevent grain growth, help forming tiny copper-aluminium-nickle micron crystalline substance, finally obtain well behaved copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherials such as intensity, plasticity.
The present invention can solve the problem of copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy temperature-room type plasticity difference, improves its mechanical property, reduces the cost that shape memory alloy is handled simultaneously, improves its lumber recovery.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
With raw material by mass percentage copper be 85%, aluminium is 12%, nickel is 3% to be equipped with, and adopts the melting of vacuum magnetic suspension inductive method under argon shield, makes the copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot.Ingot casting 850 ℃ of annealing, is incubated 1 hour.It is 9.6 * 9.6mm that copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial line is cut into cross section, and length is the blank of 100mm, and blank is carried out surface treatment, reaches the surface working precision more than 4 grades, blank surface roughness Ra=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, preheating is 30 minutes under 80 ℃ temperature, adopts the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is wanted evenly, and coating back blank was dried 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature.Is that 90 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 1 hour under 80 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
Be placed on the blank that coats oildag in the mould and mould heats in 300 ℃ process furnace simultaneously, reached after the temperature insulation 1 hour, take out the back and on universal hydraulic testing machine, pushes immediately.Blank and mould that extruding is come out carry out blank being pushed behind surface treatment and the coating lubricant again, and totally 4 times, i.e. the good brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial of micron of availability.
Embodiment 2:
With raw material by mass percentage copper be 82.5%, aluminium is 13.5%, nickel is 4% to be equipped with, and adopts the melting of vacuum magnetic suspension inductive method under argon shield, makes the copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot.Ingot casting 900 ℃ of annealing, is incubated 1 hour.It is 9.6 * 9.6mm that copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial line is cut into cross section, and length is the blank of 100mm, and blank is carried out surface treatment, reaches the surface working precision more than 4 grades, blank surface roughness Ra=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, preheating is 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature, adopts the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is wanted evenly, and coating back blank was dried 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature.Is that 90 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 1 hour under 90 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
Be placed on the blank that coats oildag in the mould and mould heats in 350 ℃ process furnace simultaneously, reached after the temperature insulation 1 hour, take out the back and on universal hydraulic testing machine, pushes immediately.Blank and mould that extruding is come out carry out blank being pushed behind surface treatment and the coating lubricant again, and totally 4 times, i.e. the good brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial of micron of availability.
Embodiment 3:
With raw material by mass percentage copper be 81.6%, aluminium is 14.3%, nickel is 4.1% to be equipped with, and adopts the melting of vacuum magnetic suspension inductive method under argon shield, makes the copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot.Ingot casting 1000 ℃ of annealing, is incubated 1 hour.It is 9.6 * 9.6mm that copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial line is cut into cross section, and length is the blank of 100mm, and blank is carried out surface treatment, reaches the surface working precision more than 4 grades, blank surface roughness Ra=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, preheating is 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature, adopts the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is wanted evenly, and coating back blank was dried 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature.Is that 120 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 1 hour under 90 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
Be placed on the blank that coats oildag in the mould and mould heats in 400 ℃ process furnace simultaneously, reached after the temperature insulation 1 hour, take out the back and on universal hydraulic testing machine, pushes immediately.Blank and mould that extruding is come out carry out blank being pushed behind surface treatment and the coating lubricant again, and totally 6 times, i.e. the good brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial of micron of availability.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of micron brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy bulk preparation method; it is characterized in that: with raw material by mass percentage copper be 81～85%, aluminium is 12～14.5%, nickel is 3～4.5% to prepare; under argon shield, adopt the melting of vacuum magnetic suspension inductive method, make the copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot.800 ℃～1000 ℃ annealing, insulation 10min～2 hour cut into blank with block copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cast ingot line, and blank is carried out surface treatment, reach the surface working precision more than 4 grades, blank surface roughness Ra=1.25～2.5 μ m with ingot casting.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, preheating is 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, adopt the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, coating is wanted evenly, and coating back blank was dried 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature.Adopting the squeezing passage angle is 90～120 ° isometrical bent angle extrusion mould, with acetone mould is carried out surface and die cavity cleaning, preheating even coated graphite lubricant after 1～1.5 hour under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature.Be placed on the blank that coats oildag in the mould and mould heats in 300～400 ℃ process furnace simultaneously, be incubated 1～1.5 hour after reaching temperature.Taking out the back pushes blank on universal hydraulic testing machine immediately, blank and the mould that squeezes out carried out surface treatment and coating lubricant, push again totally 4～8 times, can obtain the brilliant copper-aluminium-nickle alloy cube matherial of well behaved micron such as intensity, plasticity, its microcosmic average grain size is 0.1～0.6 μ m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005101106733A CN1328407C (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | Method for preparing microu-crystal copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy cube material |
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| CNB2005101106733A CN1328407C (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | Method for preparing microu-crystal copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy cube material |
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| CN1328407C true CN1328407C (en) | 2007-07-25 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5337129A (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1978-04-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Conductible spring material |
| CN1528941A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Micro grain titanium-nickel-palladium-base high-temperature shape memory alloy preparing method |
| CN1528930A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2004-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Micro fine-grained titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy block material preparing method |
| CN1546706A (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2004-11-17 | 上海交通大学 | Microcrystal nickel aluminum-iron shape memory alloy block material preparation method |
| CN1546705A (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2004-11-17 | 上海交通大学 | Microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method |
| US6883359B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2005-04-26 | The Texas A&M University System | Equal channel angular extrusion method |
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2005
- 2005-11-24 CN CNB2005101106733A patent/CN1328407C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5337129A (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1978-04-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Conductible spring material |
| US6883359B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2005-04-26 | The Texas A&M University System | Equal channel angular extrusion method |
| CN1528941A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Micro grain titanium-nickel-palladium-base high-temperature shape memory alloy preparing method |
| CN1528930A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2004-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Micro fine-grained titanium-nickel-niobium shape memory alloy block material preparing method |
| CN1546706A (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2004-11-17 | 上海交通大学 | Microcrystal nickel aluminum-iron shape memory alloy block material preparation method |
| CN1546705A (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2004-11-17 | 上海交通大学 | Microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method |
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