CN1546705A - Microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method - Google Patents
Microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1546705A CN1546705A CNA2003101090647A CN200310109064A CN1546705A CN 1546705 A CN1546705 A CN 1546705A CN A2003101090647 A CNA2003101090647 A CN A2003101090647A CN 200310109064 A CN200310109064 A CN 200310109064A CN 1546705 A CN1546705 A CN 1546705A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method which comprises, preparing the raw materials by the atom percentage of nickel 50%, aluminum 16-20%, manganese 30-34%, smelting under vacuum condition, obtaining nickel-aluminium-manganese alloy cast ingot, cutting the nickel-aluminium-manganese alloy into blanks, carrying out surface smoothness treatment, and coating glass lubricant, using equal diameter curved corner compression die with extruding channel angle being 90-120 degrees, coatint the die molding volume surface with graphite lubricant, subjecting the blank and die arrangement respectively to heating and heat preservation, carrying out equal diameter curved corner extrusion simultaneously after being taken out of the heating-furnace.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese (NiAl-Mn) marmen blocks preparation method, be used to obtain to improve the nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk of cold plasticity, intensity and the shape-memory properties of shape memory alloy, and then improve the practical engineering application value of this shape memory alloy in fields such as aerospace, health care and civilian industries.Belong to metallic substance and metallurgical class technical field.
Background technology:
Shape memory alloy has been subjected to the extensive attention of material circle since coming out the beginning of the seventies, demonstrate great application prospect in fields such as civilian industry, aerospace, nuclear industry, biomedicines.The NiAl-Mn alloy has a lot of excellent properties, as: favorable mechanical performance (specific tenacity height, heat resistance is good, fatigue strength is high), shape memory and super-elasticity, is with a wide range of applications.But poor because of its intensity high and low temperature plasticity, make the acquisition of its high-performance bulk very difficult.
The cold plasticity that how to improve material is the primary problem that solves of nickel aluminium-manganese shape memory alloy.Facts have proved: tiny equiaxial crystal grain can improve the plastic deformation ability of alloy.Alloy grain process for refining commonly used generally be divided into four kinds [Zheng Laisu. Cast Alloy ﹠ Melting (M). Xi'an: press of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 1994]: add various grain-refining agents or make dendrite fragmentation when liquid by external energy, thereby refinement cast structure is as element crystal grain thinnings such as interpolation zirconiums; The semi-solid-state shaping crystal grain thinning; Casting powder metallurgy is shaped; The intense plastic strain method is turned round method, isometrical bent angle extrusion process (Equal Channel Angular Extrusion is called for short ECAE) etc. such as pressure, all is used to prepare grained material.First three methods is casting, and grain refining effect is not obvious.Plastic deformation method can be prepared grained material, and still, in order to obtain bigger dependent variable, pressure is turned round method and can only be prepared extremely thin flaky material, and isometrical bent angle extruding rule can be prepared bigger block grained material.
Isometrical bent angle extrusion process technological principle and method be to the existing many reports of the grain refining of magnesium with good plasticity, aluminium alloy, but the grain refining of the metal alloy of intensity height, plasticity difference is subjected to the restriction of several factors.S.L.Semiatin, D.P.DeLo etc. show [Equal channel angular extrusion of difficult-to-work alloys to the ECAE under the Ti-6Al-4V non-isothermal condition, SystranMnderal Corporation, Dayton, OH 45432, USA], under hot-work, non-isothermal condition, because the rapid decline of temperature, the influence of factor such as strain rate, lubricating condition are inappropriate, fracture in various degree all appears in the blank after isometrical bent angle extruding, thereby can not obtain big block grained material.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese marmen blocks preparation method is provided, solve the problem of nickel aluminium-manganese shape memory alloy temperature-room type plasticity difference, improve its mechanical property, reduce the cost that high-temperature shape memory alloy is handled simultaneously, improve its lumber recovery.
For realizing such purpose, it is that the nickel plate of 99.95% (mass percent) and commercial-purity aluminium, pure manganese are raw material that the present invention selects purity for use, carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting.The composition of alloy (atomic percent) scope is: nickel is 50%, and aluminium is 16～20%, and manganese is 30%～34%.Nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk is cut into blank, carry out surface smoothness and handle, and the coating glass lubricant.Mould employing squeezing passage angle is 90～120 ° an isometrical bent angle extrusion mould, mold cavity surface applied oildag.With blank, mould difference heat tracing, and from process furnace, take out simultaneously and carry out isometrical bent angle extruding, finally obtain well behaved nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulks such as intensity, plasticity.
Nickel aluminium of the present invention-manganese shape memory alloy preparation method is specially: is 50% with raw material by atomic percent nickel, and aluminium is 16～20%, and manganese is 30%～34% to prepare, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting.Ingot casting 1100 ℃～1150 ℃ annealing, is incubated 48～72 hours, bulk nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting line is cut into blank, blank is carried out surface treatment, reach the surface accuracy more than 4 grades, blank surface processing roughness is not less than R
a=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone surface cleaning is carried out on the blank surface, preheating is 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, and the method that adopts dip-coating then is at blank surface applied glass protecting lubricant, and coating is wanted evenly, and coat-thickness is 0.2～0.4mm.Coating back blank was dried 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, if occur falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peel off, should carry out coating or recoat.
The present invention adopts isometrical bent angle extrusion mould, and the squeezing passage angle of mould is 90～120 °.With acetone mould is carried out surface and die cavity and clean, preheating is 1～1.5 hour under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coat-thickness is wanted evenly.
The mould that coats oildag is placed in 300 ℃～600 ℃ the process furnace and heats, be incubated 1～1.5 hour after reaching temperature; The another one process furnace is heated to 850 ℃～1100 ℃, ready blank is placed on the asbestos tile, put into this process furnace, be incubated 15～30 minutes down at 850 ℃～1100 ℃.The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, rapidly blank is put into mould then, on universal hydraulic testing machine, blank is pushed, extruding beginning temperature 〉=750 ℃.Repeat the blank that squeezes out is carried out surface treatment and coating glass lubricant, mold cavity coated graphite lubricant, pushes totally 2～8 times, can obtain a micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk, its microcosmic average grain size is 0.2～0.6 μ m.
The present invention adopts isometrical bent angle extrusion process, is characterized in making sample size constancy before and after distortion, handle simply, and the lumber recovery height, and can realize big bulk processing.Before the extruding mold cavity and blank to be extruded are carried out different swabbing respectively, the rapid temperature drop that both can effectively stop the high temperature blank, can reduce simultaneously the sliding-frictional resistance between blank and mold work surface significantly, thereby improve the flow uniformity of alloy material effectively, guarantee carrying out smoothly of extrusion process; The swabbing processing method is simple, and cost is low, and after actually operating, blank and mould come off voluntarily, do not bond together good manufacturability mutually.Determining of blank surface smooth finish helps blank and reduces friction in extrusion process, improves the homogeneity of the plastic flow of blank.The determining and the blank that heats and mould taken out from process furnace simultaneously of blank, mold heated time and soaking time carries out isometrical bent angle extruding, can prevent grain growth, help forming tiny nickel aluminium-manganese micron crystalline substance, finally obtain well behaved nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulks such as intensity, plasticity.
The present invention can solve the problem of nickel aluminium-manganese shape memory alloy temperature-room type plasticity difference, improves its mechanical property, reduces the cost that high-temperature shape memory alloy is handled simultaneously, improves its lumber recovery.
Embodiment:
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Is 50% with raw material by atomic percent nickel, and aluminium is 16%, and manganese is 34% to be equipped with, and adopts the melting of cold wall manganese crucible vacuum magnetic suspension inductive method under argon shield, makes nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting, about 90 grams of the quality of each ingot.Ingot casting 1100 ℃ of annealing, is incubated 48 hours.It is 9.3 * 9.3mm that nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk line is cut into cross section, and length is the blank of 87mm, blank is carried out surfacing handle, and reaches the surface accuracy more than 4 grades, and blank surface processing roughness is not less than R
a=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone surface cleaning is carried out on the blank surface, preheating is 30 minutes under 80 ℃ temperature, and the method that adopts dip-coating then is at blank surface applied glass protecting lubricant, and coating is wanted evenly, and coat-thickness is about 0.2mm.Coating back blank dry 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature, as if occurring falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peeling off, should carry out coating or recoat.Is that 90 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 1 hour under 80 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
The mould that coats oildag is placed in 300 ℃ the process furnace and heats, reached after the temperature insulation 1 hour; The another one process furnace is heated to 850 ℃, ready blank is placed on the asbestos tile, put into this process furnace, be incubated 30 minutes down at 850 ℃.The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, rapidly blank is put into mould then, push immediately on universal hydraulic testing machine, the blank that extruding is come out carries out surface treatment etc. again and carries out 4 extruding, can obtain a micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk.
Embodiment 2:
Is 50% with raw material by atomic percent nickel, and aluminium is 20%, and manganese is 30% to be equipped with, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting.Ingot casting 1150 ℃ of annealing, is incubated 72 hours.It is 9.3 * 9.3mm that nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk line is cut into cross section, and length is the blank of 87mm, blank is carried out surfacing handle, and reaches the surface accuracy more than 4 grades, and blank surface processing roughness is not less than R
a=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone surface cleaning is carried out on the blank surface, blank is placed on the clean stainless steel pallet, preheating is 50 minutes under 65 ℃ temperature, the method that adopts dip-coating then is at blank surface applied glass protecting lubricant, coating is wanted evenly, and coat-thickness is about 0.3mm, and coating back blank was dried 20 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature, if occur falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peel off, should carry out coating or recoat.Is that 120 ° of moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 1.5 hours under 60 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
The mould that coats oildag is placed in 400 ℃ the process furnace and heats, reached after the temperature insulation 1 hour; The another one process furnace is heated to 900 ℃, ready blank is placed on the asbestos tile, put into this process furnace, be incubated 20 minutes down at 900 ℃.The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, rapidly blank is put into mould then, push immediately on universal hydraulic testing machine, the blank that extruding is come out carries out surface treatment etc. again and carries out 6 extruding, can obtain a micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk.
Embodiment 3:
Is 50% with raw material by atomic percent nickel, and aluminium is 18%, and manganese is 32% to be equipped with, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting.Ingot casting 1150 ℃ of annealing, is incubated 72 hours.It is 9.3 * 9.3mm that nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk line is cut into cross section, and length is the blank of 87mm, blank is carried out surfacing handle, and reaches the surface accuracy more than 4 grades, and blank surface processing roughness should be not less than R
a=1.25～2.5 μ m.With acetone surface cleaning is carried out on the blank surface, blank is placed on the clean stainless steel pallet, preheating is 20 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, the method that adopts dip-coating then is at blank surface applied glass protecting lubricant, coating is wanted evenly, and coat-thickness is about 0.4mm, and coating back blank was dried 30 minutes under 90 ℃ temperature, if occur falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peel off, should carry out coating or recoat.Is that 90 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 1 hour under 90 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
The mould that coats oildag is placed in 550 ℃ the process furnace and heats, reached after the temperature insulation 1 hour; Ready blank is placed on the asbestos tile, put into the process furnace that another one is heated to 1100 ℃, be incubated 15 minutes down at 1100 ℃.The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, rapidly blank is put into mould then, push immediately on universal hydraulic testing machine, the blank that extruding is come out carries out surface treatment etc. again and carries out 6 extruding, can obtain a micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese marmen blocks preparation method, it is characterized in that: is 50% with raw material by atomic percent nickel, aluminium is 16～20%, manganese is 30%～34% to prepare, melting under vacuum condition, make nickel aluminum-manganese alloy ingot casting, with ingot casting 1100 ℃～1150 ℃ annealing, be incubated 48～72 hours, cut into blank then and carry out surface smoothness and handle, after the cleaning with blank preheating 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, the even coating glass protecting lubricant on the blank surface then, coat-thickness is 0.2～0.4mm, and coating back blank was dried 20～60 minutes under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature; Employing squeezing passage angle is 90～120 ° an isometrical bent angle extrusion mould, with acetone mould is carried out surface and die cavity cleaning, preheating even coated graphite lubricant after 1～1.5 hour under 60 ℃～100 ℃ temperature, then mould is placed in 300 ℃～600 ℃ the process furnace heating and is incubated 1～1.5 hour, the another one process furnace is heated to 850 ℃～1100 ℃, ready blank is put into this process furnace heating and is incubated 15～30 minutes, then blank and the mould that heats taken out simultaneously, and rapidly blank is put into mould, on universal hydraulic testing machine, blank is pushed; Repeat the blank that squeezes out is carried out surface treatment and coating glass lubricant, mold cavity coated graphite lubricant, pushes totally 2～8 times, obtain micron crystal nickel aluminum-manganese alloy bulk.
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| CN 200310109064 CN1216165C (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2003-12-04 | Microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method |
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| CN 200310109064 CN1216165C (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2003-12-04 | Microcrystal nickel aluminum-manganese shape memory alloy block material preparation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1328407C (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2007-07-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing microu-crystal copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy cube material |
| CN102011038A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-13 | 河北师范大学 | Mn50Ni50-xAlx high-temperature ferromagnetic shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105344733A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Nickel, manganese and gallium alloy rod hot-extrusion preparation method |
-
2003
- 2003-12-04 CN CN 200310109064 patent/CN1216165C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1328407C (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2007-07-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing microu-crystal copper-aluminium-nickle shape memory alloy cube material |
| CN102011038A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-13 | 河北师范大学 | Mn50Ni50-xAlx high-temperature ferromagnetic shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102011038B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-02-29 | 河北师范大学 | Mn50Ni50-xAlx high-temperature ferromagnetic shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105344733A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Nickel, manganese and gallium alloy rod hot-extrusion preparation method |
| CN105344733B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-07-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of nickel manganese gallium alloy bar material hot extrusion preparation method |
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| CN1216165C (en) | 2005-08-24 |
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