CN104942271A - Beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 208
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 206
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beryllium oxide Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the sequential steps of manufacturing beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots, performing hot-pressing preforming on the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots and performing hot-rolling forming on beryllium-aluminum alloy ingot blanks so that the beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet can be obtained. In the step of manufacturing the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots, near-liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted for manufacturing the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots. The manufacturing method is a composite processing method combining near-liquidus electromagnetic casting, solid-state hot-pressing preforming and precision rolling. Near-liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted in the step of manufacturing the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots, formation of small and uniform non-dendritic structures is facilitated, and refining of alloy as-cast structures of beryllium-aluminum alloy is facilitated. Alloy dendritic structures of the cast ingots are further fragmented through hot-pressing performing, and the plastic deformation capacity of the alloy is improved. Finally, the sheet of the required thickness is obtained through a precision rolling method, and both the mechanical property and the composition of the produced beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet meet the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy and processing thereof, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy combines the high elastic modulus of metallic beryllium and the high tenacity of metallic aluminium and workability, a kind of lightweight (density ratio aluminium is low by 25%) of uniqueness, rigidity (specific stiffness be aluminium, titanium, iron and steel, 4 times of magnesium), the material of high damping and high stability (thermal coefficient of expansion is lower than aluminium by 50%), be considered to " important materials of 21st century from laboratory to engineer applied ", have broad application prospects in national defence and aerospace field.
The production technology of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy mainly contains three kinds: powder metallurgy, casting and forging (squeezing) pressing formation.The alloy structure that Different Preparation obtains has significant difference, causes the performance of alloy different.The hot strength of cast alloy is minimum, and forging and stamping state beryllium alumin(i)um alloy has better mechanical property than casting alloy, and hot strength and percentage elongation are all improved largely.The intensity of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy prepared by powder metallurgic method also has clear improvement, and obviously will be better than high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) state beryllium alumin(i)um alloy through the mechanical property of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of isostatic cool pressing/extruding.Visible, the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy through plastic deformation processing has more excellent mechanical property.
At present, the method preparing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material mainly contains two kinds.First method first adopts powder isostatic pressing method to prepare blank, adopts pressing method to be shaped afterwards, be finally rolled into sheet material.The main flow of powder metallurgic method comprises: in the temperature range of 1350 to about 1450 DEG C, vacuum melting is carried out to the parent material of aluminium and beryllium having in ceramic-lined fire-clay crucible, aluminium-beryllium the melt of order liquefaction inclines via fireclay nozzle and into a liquid stream, then cut by the inert gas of high velocity jet friendship, inert gas makes liquid stream fragment into trickle drop, then drop solidify to form prefabricated alloy powder, the prealloyed powder formed has very trickle dendroid microstructure and particle diameter is about 3 ~ 5 μm, the intensity of particle size to final products has material impact.Prealloy powder is depressed into about 80% of solid density through isostatic cool pressing, then is shaped through high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), and improve density further finally by extruding, extrusion temperature is generally 370 ~ 510 DEG C.The bar be squeezed into is rolled into sheet material after cutting, and during making sheet, extruded rod should clad in steel bushing or copper sheathing.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material prepared by the method has isotropic characteristics, but production cost is very expensive.
Second method is traditional ingot casting pouring operation and roll forming.The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of melting is poured in graphite die cavity, obtains solid ingot after cooling, be rolled after removing the superficial oxidation skin of ingot casting and namely obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.Owing to there being very thick columnar dendrite beryllium phase in routine casting beryllium alumin(i)um alloy matrix, its degree of anisotropy is very serious and plastic deformation ability is very poor, and plate rolling process is comparatively difficult.
Except above two kinds of methods, the nineties in last century, Bo Laxi-Weir Man also developed another kind of near-net-shape technology-semi-solid state forming technique for beryllium alumin(i)um alloy.The innovation of this technology is to use atomization or mechanical crushing method to be mixed mutually with solid granulates or liquidus curve aluminium by beryllium powder, not being melted by beryllium, not carrying out the stirring of molten state aluminium beryllium alloy, also without the need to introducing shearing force.Wherein, the preparation flow of semisolid beryllium alumin(i)um alloy slurry is as follows: first adopt atomization or mechanical crushing method to prepare beryllium powder and aluminium powder; Afterwards aluminium and beryllium powder are mixed by component; Melting aluminum component at the temperature of solidus being approximately higher than aluminium, produces solid-state beryllium and is scattered in semi solid slurry in liquid aluminium; Last original position pours into a mould this semi solid slurry, the semisolid beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank prepared.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is shaped further by closed die forging, semisolid forging and semisolid mold pressing, or is rolled acquisition beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.Although this method is the most economical, in practical operation, beryllium and aluminium are difficult to mix, and not easily carry out large-scale production, and therefore the method industrialization prospect allows of no optimist.
For this reason, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material needing to provide a kind of economy and practicality to take into account and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art and deficiency, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of economy and practicality to take into account and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method, described preparation method comprise carry out successively the preparation of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, the hot pressing preformed of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting and beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming obtain described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, wherein, in described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, near liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted to prepare beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, described near liquidus electromagnetic casting comprises the following steps:
A () is prepared burden: at least prepare the ingot of the ingot of beryllium, block or powder and aluminum or aluminum alloy, block or powder;
B () melting: the raw material of preparation put into aluminium oxide or beryllia crucible and be placed in resistance furnace melting, controls smelting temperature and is 1250 ~ 1350 DEG C and melting 5 ~ 20 minutes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt;
C () near liquidus is incubated: described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt is incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes at 1145 ~ 1155 DEG C;
D () is cast: by the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt cast after insulation in mould, open electromagnetic field, control inputs electric current is 50 ~ 150A and stirring frequency is 5 ~ 50Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting simultaneously.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, described melting step, near liquidus incubation step and casting step are under vacuum and carry out in non-reactive, wherein, described non-reactive is argon gas, helium or nitrogen.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, described mould is the graphite jig with aluminum oxide coating layer, and by described mould and die preheating to 500 ~ 700 DEG C before casting.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, described electromagnetic field is that alternate rotary magnetic field, travelling-magnetic-field or alternation rotate and row ripple resultant field.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preformed comprises the following steps:
A () removes the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank;
B () heats described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 350 ~ 600 DEG C;
C described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary is moved to forging press and carries out hot pressing by (), controlling distortion rate is 30 ~ 60%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming comprises the following steps:
A () heats beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 350 ~ 600 DEG C that described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preformed prepares;
B described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling by (), controlling single pass deformation rate is 10 ~ 15%;
C () carries out multi-pass rolling according to step (a) and (b), until obtain the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of desired thickness.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention, the rolling direction controlling continuous two passages is contrary.
Another aspect provides a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, adopt above-mentioned beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method to prepare, wherein, the thickness of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is 1 ~ 5mm and beryllium content is 62 ~ 68wt%.
According to an embodiment of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention, the room temperature tensile intensity >=260MPa of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy and percentage elongation >=3%.
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention is by near liquidus electromagnetic casting, the combined machining method that solid-state hot pressing preform and precision rolling combine, it adopts near liquidus electromagnetic casting in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, be conducive to formation tiny, uniform non-dendritic structure, and be conducive to the As-cast Microstructure of refinement beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, and utilize hot pressing preform process the alloy branch crystal tissue of further fragmentation ingot casting and improve alloy plastic deformation's ability, precision rolling method is finally adopted to prepare the sheet material of desired thickness, mechanical property and the composition of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material produced all meet the requirements.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting prepared in example 2.
Fig. 2 shows the microstructure photo of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank after hot pressing cogging in example 2.
Fig. 3 shows the microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material prepared in example 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention and preparation method thereof will be described in detail.
Due to electromagnetic casting can significantly improve ingot casting surface quality, suppress solute element segregation, refinement microstructure the mechanical performance of improving product, so be widely used in the casting of steel and other alloys.The Near-liquidus Casting method that developed recently gets up is also for the equiaxed grain structure obtaining fine uniform provides simpler, effective and economic method, because alloy melt temperature is low and almost without overheated, therefore cast time melt in can form a large amount of equally distributed nucleus, be conducive to tiny, even, etc. axle non-dendritic structure formed.
Electromagnetic casting is innovatively applied to the preparation of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy and selects suitable preparation parameter by the present invention, adopt near liquidus insulation and apply electromagnetic field in the process of setting of alloy, thus form the As-cast Microstructure of tiny, uniform non-dendritic structure refinement beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, for follow-up processing provides cost lower and the more excellent ingot casting of quality.Further, the present invention also utilizes hot pressing preform process the alloy branch crystal tissue of further fragmentation ingot casting and improve alloy plastic deformation's ability, finally adopts precision rolling method to prepare the sheet material of desired thickness.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method comprise carry out successively the preparation of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, the hot pressing preformed of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting and beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming obtain described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, wherein, in described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, near liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted to prepare beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
Wherein, after near liquidus electromagnetic casting described in the present invention refers to the temperature range inside holding certain hour of the alloy melt that melting the obtained near liquidus of certain metal wherein, then in the process of setting of alloy melt, apply electromagnetic field constantly until solidify the casting technique obtaining ingot casting.
For the present invention, the alloy melt comprising beryllium and aluminium can be incubated in the temperature range of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy near liquidus, such as, the temperature of liquidus curve is 1150 DEG C, then the present invention is chosen for and is incubated in the scope of 1145 ~ 1155 DEG C.Holding above the liquidus prepares a kind of simple possible of semi-solid melt, method with low cost, is also to obtain effective ways that are tiny, non-dendritic structure.According to transient nucleation theory, the source of nucleus generates in transient state under a little less than the little degree of supercooling of liquidus temperature.Near liquidus temperature, the key condition of forming core obtains the solid phase substrate very little with nucleus angle of wetting, and accurate solid phase elementide becomes the main source of nucleus core because having good " soaking " effect with nucleus.Temperature Field in Melt obtains uniformity coefficient and the quantity that uniformity coefficient directly has influence on the accurate solid phase elementide of melt, is more evenly more conducive to the uniform forming core of melt.When melt temperature is a little less than liquidus temperature, under less degree of supercooling and uniform temperature, a large amount of accurate solid phase elementide develops into free brilliant, and is distributed in equably in melt, is conducive to the formation of nucleus, thus realizes grain refinement.
According to the present invention, described near liquidus electromagnetic casting can comprise the following steps:
First, prepare burden.Namely when preparing burden, at least prepare the ingot of the ingot of beryllium, block or powder and aluminum or aluminum alloy, block or powder, also the present invention does not specifically limit the raw material form of beryllium and aluminium and type, if batching can meet finally needed for the content requirement of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy.Preferably, the beryllium content in the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy that during batching, guarantee prepares is 62 ~ 68wt%.
Then, melting is carried out.The raw material that prepare during batching put into aluminium oxide or beryllia crucible and be placed in resistance furnace melting, controlling smelting temperature and be 1250 ~ 1350 DEG C and melting 5 ~ 20 minutes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt.
Afterwards, near liquidus insulation is carried out.The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt of melting gained is incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes at 1145 ~ 1155 DEG C.Temperature retention time has considerable influence to grain form and size, temperature certain hour near liquidus curve, can ensure that solutes accumulation and heat transfer have the sufficient time, thus make the solute in solid-liquid interface forward position and homogeneous temperature distribution, for the nucleus growth tissue that granulates provides favourable conditions.But when temperature retention time is long, the nucleus in aluminium alloy mutually collides in warm-up movement process, is bonded together and becomes thick crystal grain, thus impels the alligatoring of crystal grain in solidified structure.Therefore, the present invention 10 ~ 20 minutes of temperature retention time being set to comparatively be suitable for.
Finally, cast.By the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt cast after insulation in mould, open electromagnetic field, control inputs electric current is 50 ~ 150A and stirring frequency is 5 ~ 50Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting simultaneously.Wherein, the electromagnetic field used can rotate and row ripple resultant field for alternate rotary magnetic field, travelling-magnetic-field or alternation.
Preferably, the mould used in above-mentioned casting step is the graphite jig with aluminum oxide coating layer, and by mould and die preheating to 500 ~ 700 DEG C before casting.Because graphite is easily processed and with low cost, its thermal conductivity and steel are more or less the same, and can repeatedly reuse under the protective effect of coating, and what therefore the present invention selected is graphite jig.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is at high temperature very active, and have the tendency of reacting with most of heat proof material, especially aluminium and carbon at high temperature very easily react and generates Al
4c
3compound, therefore must adopt coating to protect mould during the cast of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy high temperature.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy has very strong hot cracking tendency, if when solidifying there is larger fluctuation in Temperature Field in Melt, very large for generation is solidified stress, thus cause foundry goods to crack, in order to avoid hot tearing needs to carry out suitable preheating to mould, under the prerequisite ensureing cooling velocity, temperature field during melt solidifying is made to keep relatively uniform.
Further, above-mentioned melting step, near liquidus incubation step and casting step are all carry out under vacuum, and all carry out in non-reactive.Wherein, above-mentioned non-reactive can be the atmosphere such as argon gas, helium or nitrogen.Those skilled in the art can regulate vacuum according to demand and select concrete atmosphere.
After preparing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, need to carry out hot pressing preformed to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, specifically comprise the following steps:
First the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting is removed, such as, adopt the mode of turning to remove, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
Heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 350 ~ 600 of gained again DEG C to carry out hot pressing preformed.
Finally the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary after heating is moved to forging press and carry out hot pressing, controlling distortion rate is 30 ~ 60%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
Because the as-cast structure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is very thick, have more serious microporosity (formation of crack), this causes the heat deformability of alloy poor simultaneously, and easily produces through crackle in the operation of rolling, thus causes ingot blank to be scrapped.In order to improve the plastic deformation ability of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, be necessary that alloy tissue carries out pretreatment before the rolling, after hot pressing preformed, alloy structure will broken, refinement, microporosity is closed, and the elimination of grain refinement and defect will improve the plasticity of material and put forward heavy alloyed deformability.
After preparing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank, need to carry out hot-roll forming to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank, specifically comprise the following steps:
First heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 350 ~ 600 DEG C.
Again beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling, controlling single pass deformation rate is 10 ~ 15%.
Multi-pass rolling is carried out, until obtain the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of desired thickness according to step above.Preferably, in order to reduce anisotropic degree, the rolling direction controlling continuous two passages is contrary.
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention then adopts above-mentioned beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method to prepare.
Preferably, the thickness of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is 1 ~ 5mm and beryllium content is 62 ~ 68wt%.Further, the room temperature tensile intensity >=260MPa of obtained beryllium alumin(i)um alloy and percentage elongation >=3%.
Below, the present invention will be specifically described further by following example.
Example 1:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) prepare burden, take metallic beryllium block 1.24kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.76kg; The raw material prepared put into alumina crucible and is placed in resistance furnace melting, controlling smelting temperature and be 1300 DEG C and melting 15 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt be cooled to 1145 DEG C and be incubated 10min.
(3) by insulation after alloy melt be poured into fast, reposefully preheating be 600 DEG C have in the graphite jig of aluminum oxide coating layer, open alternate rotary magnetic field simultaneously, control inputs electric current is 100A and stirring frequency is 10Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
(4) adopt the method for turning to remove the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 600 DEG C is heated.
(6) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary is moved to forging press carries out hot pressing fast, and controlling distortion rate is 30%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
(7) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 600 DEG C is heated.
(8) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train carries out hot rolling fast, and controlling single pass deformation rate is 10%.After each rolling, plate will be rolled and be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 600 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes;
(9) through 13 passes, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is obtained.
The Be of 62wt% is comprised in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material prepared by this example.Sheet metal thickness is 5mm, and average tensile strength is at room temperature 276MPa and percentage elongation >=3.2%.
Example 2:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) prepare burden, take metallic beryllium block 1.24kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.76kg; The raw material prepared put into alumina crucible and is placed in resistance furnace melting, controlling smelting temperature and be 1280 DEG C and melting 10 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt be cooled to 1148 DEG C and be incubated 15min.
(3) by insulation after alloy melt be poured into fast, reposefully preheating be 500 DEG C have in the graphite jig of aluminum oxide coating layer, open alternation rotary electromagnetic field simultaneously, control inputs electric current is 80A and stirring frequency is 15Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
(4) adopt the method for turning to remove the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 380 DEG C is heated.
(6) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary is moved to forging press carries out hot pressing fast, and controlling distortion rate is 50%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
(7) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 400 DEG C is heated.
(8) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train carries out hot rolling fast, and controlling single pass deformation rate is 15%.After each rolling, plate will be rolled and be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 400 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes;
(9) through 10 passes, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is obtained.
The Be of 62wt% is comprised in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material prepared by this example.Sheet metal thickness is 5mm, and average tensile strength is at room temperature 289MPa and percentage elongation >=3.5%.
The microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting that this example obtains as shown in Figure 1, can see that the thick columnar dendrite that as cast condition beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is common does not appear in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy prepared by near liquidus insulation and electromagnetic casting method, average grain size is about 250 μm.
In this example after hot pressing cogging the microstructure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank as shown in Figure 2, can see that alloy dendrite after thermal pressure simulation occurs broken, crystal grain obtains refinement, and this is conducive to intercrystalline compatible deformation.
The microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material that this example obtains as shown in Figure 3, after the hot rolling of multi-pass, remarkable refinement organized by beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, and crystallite dimension is comparatively even, there is not the phenomenon of crystal grain lengthening deformation in a certain direction, illustrate that the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of rolling has and organize isotropic characteristics preferably.
Example 3:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) prepare burden, take metallic beryllium block 1.55kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.95kg; The raw material prepared put into beryllia crucible and is placed in resistance furnace melting, controlling smelting temperature and be 1300 DEG C and melting 18 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt be cooled to 1150 DEG C and be incubated 18min.
(3) by insulation after alloy melt be poured into fast, reposefully preheating be 550 DEG C have in the graphite jig of aluminum oxide coating layer, open travelling-magnetic-field, control inputs electric current is 100A and stirring frequency is 30Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting simultaneously.
(4) adopt the method for turning to remove the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 500 DEG C is heated.
(6) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary is moved to forging press carries out hot pressing fast, and controlling distortion rate is 40%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
(7) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 550 DEG C is heated.
(8) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train carries out hot rolling fast, and controlling single pass deformation rate is 13%.After each rolling, plate will be rolled and be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 550 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes;
(9) through 13 passes, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is obtained.
The Be of 65wt% is comprised in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material prepared by this example.Sheet metal thickness is 3mm, and average tensile strength is at room temperature 320MPa and percentage elongation >=3.0%.
Example 4:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) prepare burden, take metallic beryllium block 1.55kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.95kg; The raw material prepared put into beryllia crucible and is placed in resistance furnace melting, controlling smelting temperature and be 1250 DEG C and melting 10 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt be cooled to 1154 DEG C and be incubated 15min.
(3) be poured into fast, reposefully and have in the graphite jig of aluminum oxide coating layer by the alloy melt after insulation, open alternation rotation+row ripple composite electromagnetic field, control inputs electric current is 120A and stirring frequency is 20Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting simultaneously.
(4) adopt the method for turning to remove the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 450 DEG C is heated.
(6) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary is moved to forging press carries out hot pressing fast, and controlling distortion rate is 40%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
(7) in chamber type electric resistance furnace, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 450 DEG C is heated.
(8) beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train carries out hot rolling fast, and controlling single pass deformation rate is 10%.After each rolling, plate will be rolled and be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 450 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes;
(9) through 15 passes, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is obtained.
The Be of 65wt% is comprised in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material prepared by this example.Sheet metal thickness is 2mm, and average tensile strength is at room temperature 289MPa and percentage elongation >=3.3%.
In sum, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention is by near liquidus electromagnetic casting, the combined machining method that solid-state hot pressing preform and precision rolling combine, it adopts near liquidus electromagnetic casting in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, be conducive to formation tiny, uniform non-dendritic structure, and be conducive to the As-cast Microstructure of refinement beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, and utilize hot pressing preform process the alloy branch crystal tissue of further fragmentation ingot casting and improve alloy plastic deformation's ability, precision rolling method is finally adopted to prepare the sheet material of desired thickness, mechanical property and the composition of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material produced all meet the requirements.。
Although describe beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention and preparation method thereof in conjunction with exemplary embodiment above, but those of ordinary skill in the art should be clear, when not departing from the spirit and scope of claim, various modifications and variations can be carried out to above-described embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method, it is characterized in that, described preparation method comprise carry out successively the preparation of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, the hot pressing preformed of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting and beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming obtain described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, wherein, in described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, near liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted to prepare beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
2. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described near liquidus electromagnetic casting comprises the following steps:
A () is prepared burden: at least prepare the ingot of the ingot of beryllium, block or powder and aluminum or aluminum alloy, block or powder;
B () melting: the raw material of preparation put into aluminium oxide or beryllia crucible and be placed in resistance furnace melting, controls smelting temperature and is 1250 ~ 1350 DEG C and melting 5 ~ 20 minutes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt;
C () near liquidus is incubated: described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt is incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes at 1145 ~ 1155 DEG C;
D () is cast: by the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt cast after insulation in mould, open electromagnetic field, control inputs electric current is 50 ~ 150A and stirring frequency is 5 ~ 50Hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting simultaneously.
3. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described melting step, near liquidus incubation step and casting step are under vacuum and carry out in non-reactive, and wherein, described non-reactive is argon gas, helium or nitrogen.
4. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described mould is the graphite jig with aluminum oxide coating layer, and by described mould and die preheating to 500 ~ 700 DEG C before casting.
5. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described electromagnetic field is that alternate rotary magnetic field, travelling-magnetic-field or alternation rotate and row ripple resultant field.
6. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preformed comprises the following steps:
A () removes the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank;
B () heats described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 350 ~ 600 DEG C;
C described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank rotary is moved to forging press and carries out hot pressing by (), controlling distortion rate is 30 ~ 60%, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
7. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming comprises the following steps:
A () heats beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank to 350 ~ 600 DEG C that described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preformed prepares;
B described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling by (), controlling single pass deformation rate is 10 ~ 15%;
C () carries out multi-pass rolling according to step (a) and (b), until obtain the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of desired thickness.
8. according to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the rolling direction controlling continuous two passages is contrary.
9. a beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, is characterized in that, adopt the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to any one of claim 1 to 8 to prepare, wherein, the thickness of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is 1 ~ 5mm and beryllium content is 62 ~ 68wt%.
10. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the room temperature tensile intensity >=260MPa of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy and percentage elongation >=3%.
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| CN106939383A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-07-11 | 苏州金江铜业有限公司 | One kind deformation beryllium alumin(i)um alloy plate plasticising extrusion molding preparation method |
| CN107354332A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-17 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) liquid-phase sintering preparation method of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy |
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| CN109023186A (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2018-12-18 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司 | A method of improving casting beryllium alumin(i)um alloy elongation percentage |
| CN109881033A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-14 | 山东滨州华创金属有限公司 | The preparation method of the aluminium beryllium intermediate alloy line bar of beryllium content 0.1~5% |
| CN113909457A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of bimetal composite material based on electromagnetic liquid-solid forming |
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| CN113909457A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of bimetal composite material based on electromagnetic liquid-solid forming |
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