CN104525829A - Radial forging strain-induced semi-solid state process for manufacturing aluminum alloy crankshaft of air condition compressor - Google Patents
Radial forging strain-induced semi-solid state process for manufacturing aluminum alloy crankshaft of air condition compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104525829A CN104525829A CN201410828401.6A CN201410828401A CN104525829A CN 104525829 A CN104525829 A CN 104525829A CN 201410828401 A CN201410828401 A CN 201410828401A CN 104525829 A CN104525829 A CN 104525829A
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- aluminium alloy
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- radial forging
- aluminum alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/08—Making machine elements axles or shafts crankshafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/004—Thixotropic process, i.e. forging at semi-solid state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
Abstract
A radial forging strain-induced semi-solid state process for manufacturing an aluminum alloy crankshaft of an air condition compressor comprises the steps that an aluminum alloy bar material is preheated, radial forging is carried out on the aluminum alloy bar material, secondary remelting is carried out on a bank after radial forging, then semi-solid thixotropy forging of the aluminum alloy crankshaft is carried out, and subsequent processing of the aluminum alloy crankshaft is carried out. The uniform aluminum alloy semi-solid blank without mirodefects can be manufactured and the aluminum alloy crankshaft with fewer microstructure defects and good mechanical performance is formed and replaces a cast iron crankshaft through the process, the process is simple, and operation is easy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to semisolid Metal Processing and forming technique field, particularly relate to radial forging strain and bring out the Semi-solid Process preparing compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle.
Background technology
In recent years, lightweight becomes the new focus of industrial circle.Lightweight specifically comprises material lightweight, technique lightweight and structure lightened.And material lightweight mainly refers to the non-ferrous metal replacement iron and steel copper etc. by lightweight, as aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy.As aluminium alloy has extraordinary die casting performance and processing characteristics, and organic efficiency is higher, and removal process is pollution-free.
Bent axle is one of moving component important in compressor of air conditioner, the manufacture of current air-conditioner compressor crankshaft mainly adopts metal mold gravity casting explained hereafter cast-iron blank part, be after liquid cast is watered metal shape mold cavity with certain speed, rely on the deadweight of hydraulic pressure metal to keep certain pressure until foundry goods solidifies completely.Then a large amount of machineds is carried out to blank, to ensure fineness and the form tolerance of part mating surface.Ye You producer adopts the process of liquid metal thixotropic forging, and the liquid metal of certain volume is clamp-oned metal mold cavity by drift, and drift keeps certain pressure until foundry goods solidifies completely.The blank of above-mentioned gravitational casting forming technology has larger running and feeding system, and stock utilization is low, and the amount of machining of foundry goods is large, increases production cost.In addition the pressure that is subject to of gravity casting process medium casting is very little, and in process of setting, the defect of blank is more, and cast-iron crankshaft intensity is not high, and the mechanical performance of part can not reach requirement, and percent defective is high, and production efficiency is low.And liquid metal thixotropic forging process, the injection of liquid metal and turbulent flow cause inside parts to be involved in large quantity of air formation Micro-v oid, have a strong impact on the mechanical performance of part, and mold filling temperature are high, large to the thermal shock of mould.
In order to further realize the lightweight of air-conditioner compressor crankshaft, aluminium alloy semi-solid thixotropic forging explained hereafter aluminium alloy bent axle can be adopted to replace cast-iron crankshaft.Namely semi-solid processing adopts microstructure to be the technique that semi-solid blank that spheric grain is suspended in eutectic liquid phase forms.The key of semi-solid state forming technique is to prepare has the semi-solid blank that globular crystal is suspended in eutectic liquid phase.But the preparation method of routine all has respective shortcoming: for mechanical mixing method, there is serious corrosiveness to mechanical agitator in high temperature, causes slurry impure.For electromagnetic stirring method, the slurry of semisolid or liquid state has strong heat radiation effect to magnetic stirrer, and cause magnetic stirrer to need to increase extra heat insulation cooling device, equipment is complicated.And inner blank exists component segregation phenomenon, the microstructure of blank center is poor, and inevitably there is Micro porosity, can not obtain uniform, flawless semi-solid blank.And the conventional method such as prepared by strain-induced activation method the main plastic deformation method that semi-solid blank relates to is compression, rolling, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, repeatedly pier slightly pull out.But when these methods prepare bulk blank, the plastic force required for large plastometric set is excessive, existing equipment is difficult to realize.Therefore can not the large-sized semi-solid blank of large batch of production.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, radial forging strain is the object of the present invention is to provide to bring out the Semi-solid Process preparing compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle, can be prepared uniformly by this technique, without microdefect aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank and be shaped that microstructure defect is few, the aluminium alloy bent axle of good mechanical property, replace cast-iron crankshaft.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
The Semi-solid Process preparing compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle is brought out in radial forging strain, comprises the following steps:
1) preheating rods and bars of aluminium alloy, is heated to 250 ~ 350 DEG C by rods and bars of aluminium alloy with stove and is incubated, the diameter of the concrete temperature retention time of the bar for different-diameter to be 0.5D ~ 0.7D minute, D be bar;
2) radial forging is carried out to rods and bars of aluminium alloy, namely sent to by manipulator clamping preheating rods and bars of aluminium alloy axial rotary, radial forging machine is symmetrical four tups around blank, carry out high-frequent reciprocating along blank radial direction to forge, blank is pulled out in multi-head spiral extensional situation attenuate, the contraction percentage of area reaches more than 60%;
3) secondary remelting of blank after radial forging, blank after radial forging is put back in electric furnace or Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace and carries out secondary remelting, namely be heated to 585 ~ 595 DEG C and be incubated 15 ~ 20min, namely obtain and have the semi-solid blank that globular crystal is suspended in eutectic liquid phase, the solid rate that now rods and bars of aluminium alloy is corresponding is 35.5 ~ 52.5%;
4) thixoforging of aluminium alloy bent axle, preheating is carried out to mold cavity and plug, preheat temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and put into mold cavity by according to blank after the secondary remelting after the cutting of crank shaft blank volume segments, patrix is with the pressing speed close die die cavity of 30mm/s ~ 50mm/s, and after matched moulds, plug inwardly extrudes from both sides, mold continues persistent pressure, ensures that suffered by crankshaft part, specific pressure is that 80-100Mpa is until part solidifies completely;
5) subsequent treatment of aluminium alloy bent axle, the aluminium alloy bent axle that thixoforging obtains is carried out T6 heat treatment, and carries out chemical vapor deposition process to bent axle, ensure that deposit thickness reaches 3mm, hardness reaches 45HRC.
Relative to prior art, the present invention adopts Radial Forging Technology for the preparation of aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank and adopts thixoforging manufacture technics aluminium alloy crankshaft part to have the following advantages:
1. the mode that the present invention adopts Radial Forging Technology to adopt repeatedly small deformation to forge continuously realizes the large plastometric set of blank, and prepared by secondary remelting process subsequently that to have microstructure good, the semi solid slurry that forming property is good, technical process is simple, easy operation, avoid the component segregation of mechanical mixing method and electromagnetic stirring method existence, the defect that microstructure is uneven.Radial forging strain-induced method effectively solves the difficulty of the volume restriction of the conventional plastic deformation method existence that traditional strain-induced method adopts.Greatly reduce Plastic Forming power, on the equipment of little tonnage, aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank can be manufactured in enormous quantities continuously, have the advantages that cost is low, continuous seepage ability is strong and performance is high.Therefore the aluminium alloy that the method can replace or part replacement adopts other plastic deformation modes to prepare, magnesium alloy, and the semi-solid blank of ferrous materials.
2. the present invention adopts the metallographic structure of thixoforging process forming aluminium alloy bent axle to be that independent tiny globular crystal is distributed on low-melting-point eutectic, avoids traditional arborescent structure in Melted Metal Squeezing Workpieces or casting and the microstress that occurs is concentrated.In addition, semi solid slurry is with the mode of laminar motion order filling mold cavity, and mandrel and patrix pressurize are simultaneously solidified to part, not only be conducive to discharging the air in mold cavity, and the microstructure defect such as pore and Shrinkage cavity that when avoiding liquid forging or die casting, the turbulent flow of liquid metal and jet phenomenon are brought, therefore can heat-treat and chemical vapor deposition process, the hot strength of aluminium alloy after T6 heat treatment can reach 290 ~ 310Mpa, percentage elongation reaches 8%-10%, and mechanical performance is suitable with cast-iron crankshaft.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is technological principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is process chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with the citing of the aluminium alloy bars of Φ 60mm, the present invention is described in further detail.
See figures.1.and.2, the Semi-solid Process preparing compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle is brought out in radial forging strain, comprises the following steps:
1) preheating rods and bars of aluminium alloy, is heated to 250 ~ 350 DEG C by Φ 60 rods and bars of aluminium alloy with stove and is incubated 30 ~ 40 minutes, ensureing whole blank heat penetration;
2) radial forging is carried out to rods and bars of aluminium alloy, namely sent to by manipulator clamping preheating rods and bars of aluminium alloy axial rotary, radial forging machine is symmetrical four tups around blank, carry out high-frequent reciprocating along blank radial direction to forge, blank is pulled out in multi-head spiral extensional situation attenuate, the contraction percentage of area reaches more than 60%;
3) secondary remelting of blank after radial forging, blank after radial forging is put back in electric furnace or Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace and carries out secondary remelting, namely be heated to 585 ~ 595 DEG C and be incubated 15 ~ 20min, namely obtain and have the semi-solid blank that globular crystal is suspended in eutectic liquid phase, the solid rate that now rods and bars of aluminium alloy is corresponding is 35.5 ~ 52.5%;
4) thixoforging of aluminium alloy bent axle, preheating is carried out to mold cavity and plug, preheat temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and put into mold cavity by according to blank after the secondary remelting after the cutting of crank shaft blank volume segments, patrix is with the pressing speed close die die cavity of 30mm/s ~ 50mm/s, and after matched moulds, plug inwardly extrudes from both sides, mold continues persistent pressure, ensures that suffered by crankshaft part, specific pressure is that 80-100Mpa is until part solidifies completely;
5) subsequent treatment of aluminium alloy bent axle, carries out T6 heat treatment by the aluminium alloy bent axle that thixoforging obtains, and increases its mechanical property further, and chemical vapor deposition process is carried out to bent axle, ensure that deposit thickness reaches 3mm, hardness reaches 45HRC, to strengthen the wearability on surface.
By above step, the spheric grain that can obtain 80 ~ 100um to be evenly distributed in eutectic matrix and the less aluminium alloy semi-solid state blank of microstructure defect, decreases the microdefect such as component segregation, Shrinkage cavity of the method appearance such as electromagnetic agitation machinery stirrings significantly.Thixoforging process advan is in laminar-flow type order filling mold cavity, can prepare pore few, Shrinkage cavity is few, the aluminium alloy bent axle product of even tissue, and the mechanical performance of bent axle is strengthened by T6 heat treatment and chemical vapour deposition (CVD), ensure that its performance is suitable with cast-iron crankshaft.
Claims (1)
1. the Semi-solid Process preparing compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle is brought out in radial forging strain, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) preheating rods and bars of aluminium alloy, is heated to 250 ~ 350 DEG C by rods and bars of aluminium alloy with stove and is incubated, the diameter of the concrete temperature retention time of the bar for different-diameter to be 0.5D ~ 0.7D minute, D be bar;
2) radial forging is carried out to rods and bars of aluminium alloy, namely sent to by manipulator clamping preheating rods and bars of aluminium alloy axial rotary, radial forging machine is symmetrical four tups around blank, carry out high-frequent reciprocating along blank radial direction to forge, blank is pulled out in multi-head spiral extensional situation attenuate, the contraction percentage of area reaches more than 60%;
3) secondary remelting of blank after radial forging, blank after radial forging is put back in electric furnace or Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace and carries out secondary remelting, namely be heated to 585 ~ 595 DEG C and be incubated 15 ~ 20min, namely obtain and have the semi-solid blank that globular crystal is suspended in eutectic liquid phase, the solid rate that now rods and bars of aluminium alloy is corresponding is 35.5 ~ 52.5%;
4) thixoforging of aluminium alloy bent axle, preheating is carried out to mold cavity and plug, preheat temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C, and put into mold cavity by according to blank after the secondary remelting after the cutting of crank shaft blank volume segments, patrix is with the pressing speed close die die cavity of 30mm/s ~ 50mm/s, and after matched moulds, plug inwardly extrudes from both sides, mold continues persistent pressure, ensures that suffered by crankshaft part, specific pressure is that 80-100Mpa is until part solidifies completely;
5) subsequent treatment of aluminium alloy bent axle, the aluminium alloy bent axle that thixoforging obtains is carried out T6 heat treatment, and carries out chemical vapor deposition process to bent axle, ensure that deposit thickness reaches 3mm, hardness reaches 45HRC.
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| CN201410828401.6A CN104525829B (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Radially the Semi-solid Process of compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle is prepared in forging strain induction |
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| CN201410828401.6A CN104525829B (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Radially the Semi-solid Process of compressor of air conditioner aluminium alloy bent axle is prepared in forging strain induction |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106312016A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 华中科技大学 | Vibrating casting and forging composite forming method for aluminum alloy forgings |
| CN106378403A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Switching section molding method |
| CN106898853A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of aluminium alloy combiner cavity Semi-solid Thixo-Casting method |
| CN107598129A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-19 | 崇州天智轻量化制造有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy seamless closure frame and its semi-solid forming method |
| CN109332630A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-15 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method for ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank |
| CN111014618A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-04-17 | 镇江合力汽车紧固件有限公司 | Method for preparing aluminum alloy scroll by adopting radial forging technology |
| CN114033591A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-11 | 苏州星波动力科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy oil rail, forming method and manufacturing method thereof, engine and automobile |
| CN114082801A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Continuous semi-solid forming method and device for copper-clad steel composite material |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106898853A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of aluminium alloy combiner cavity Semi-solid Thixo-Casting method |
| CN106378403A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Switching section molding method |
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| CN106312016B (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-01-05 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy forge piece vibration casting forging combined shaping method |
| CN107598129A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-19 | 崇州天智轻量化制造有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy seamless closure frame and its semi-solid forming method |
| CN109332630A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-15 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method for ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank |
| CN109332630B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-03-30 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of semi-solid blank for ADC12 alloy |
| CN111014618A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-04-17 | 镇江合力汽车紧固件有限公司 | Method for preparing aluminum alloy scroll by adopting radial forging technology |
| CN111014618B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-06-24 | 镇江合力汽车紧固件有限公司 | Method for preparing aluminum alloy scroll by adopting radial forging technology |
| CN114033591A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-11 | 苏州星波动力科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy oil rail, forming method and manufacturing method thereof, engine and automobile |
| CN114082801A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Continuous semi-solid forming method and device for copper-clad steel composite material |
| CN114082801B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-01-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Continuous semi-solid forming method and device for copper-clad steel composite material |
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