CN109332630B - Preparation method of semi-solid blank for ADC12 alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of semi-solid blank for ADC12 alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109332630B CN109332630B CN201811250967.XA CN201811250967A CN109332630B CN 109332630 B CN109332630 B CN 109332630B CN 201811250967 A CN201811250967 A CN 201811250967A CN 109332630 B CN109332630 B CN 109332630B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method, particularly discloses a preparation method for an ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank, and belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal forging production and manufacturing. The preparation method for the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy can effectively control the spherical structure of the ADC12 alloy and realize stable batch processing of the ADC12 alloy. The preparation method is based on the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy after alloy crystal grains are crushed and deformed, and the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy is obtained by water-cooling copper die pressurization or water quenching after isothermal treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method, in particular to a preparation method for an ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank, and belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal forging production and manufacturing.
Background
The ADC12 alloy has excellent casting performance and comprehensive mechanical property, is very suitable for high-pressure casting forming, and is one of the most widely applied alloys in the automobile field. However, because the components are close to the eutectic point of aluminum and silicon, the apparent viscosity of the cast iron is low in a molten state, and the cast iron is easy to curl and mix during die-casting forming, so that the compactness of a casting is reduced, and the mechanical property cannot be improved by further heat treatment.
The semi-solid processing and forming technology is a process for forming semi-solid blank with nearly spherical crystal grains suspended in liquid phase. The apparent viscosity of the semi-solid blank of the nearly spherical solid phase is exponentially reduced along with the increase of the shearing rate, so that the slurry flow state is stable in the forming process, the forming force is low, and the entrainment and the inclusion are less. The key point of the forming technology is to prepare a semi-solid blank with a spherical structure. Under the conventional conditions, the dendrites can be crushed to obtain the spherical structure by carrying out mechanical stirring or electromagnetic stirring and other strong shearing actions in the solid-liquid two-phase temperature range of the alloy, but the solid-liquid temperature range of the ADC12 alloy is only about 10 ℃, and the stable batch processing is difficult to carry out in the traditional mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the preparation method for the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy can effectively control the spherical structure of the ADC12 alloy and realize stable batch processing of the ADC12 alloy.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method for an ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank is characterized in that a pre-deformed ADC12 alloy after alloy crystal grains are crushed and deformed is used as a base, isothermal treatment is carried out, and then pressurization or water quenching is carried out through a water-cooling copper die to obtain the ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank.
Further, the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy is subjected to a dicing treatment before being subjected to isothermal treatment, and the volume of the diced pre-deformed ADC12 alloy is matched with the volume of the ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank to be obtained.
The preferable mode of the proposal is that isothermal treatment is carried out after the dicing is finished, the specific parameters of the isothermal treatment are,
the isothermal treatment temperature interval is selected to be between 480 and 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is selected to be between 10 and 500min according to the corresponding solid fraction requirement.
Further, the pre-deformation ADC12 alloy with crushed alloy grains is obtained by adopting a forging mode.
In a preferred embodiment of the above aspect, the forging ratio in forging the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy in which the alloy grains are broken is 2 to 4.
The preferable mode of the above scheme is that the forging temperature is controlled between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is based on the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy after alloy crystal grain crushing deformation, and the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy is obtained by pressurizing or water quenching through a water-cooling copper die after isothermal treatment. In the technical scheme of the application, due to the isothermal treatment and the water-cooling copper die pressurization or water quenching, the traditional plastic processing technology and the isothermal heat preservation control technology can be fully combined for preparing the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy, so that the defect that the alloy is difficult to directly process in a liquid state due to the narrow solid-liquid temperature range can be overcome, and the continuous preparation can be more stably realized, and the method is suitable for batch production. The principle is that the traditional plastic processing technology causes alloy crystal grains to be distorted, huge distortion energy exists among the crystal grains, and the distortion energy is released under proper temperature to easily enable the crystal boundary to be preferentially melted and rounded, so that spherical particles are formed. The technology is fully utilized, and the spherical structure of the ADC12 alloy can be effectively controlled, and stable batch processing of the ADC12 alloy can be realized by combining the technology and the ADC12 alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the original dendrite structure of an ADC12 alloy according to the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a spherical semi-solid structure of the ADC12 alloy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method for the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy, which can effectively control the spherical structure of the ADC12 alloy and realize stable batch processing of the ADC12 alloy. The preparation method is based on the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy after alloy crystal grains are crushed and deformed, and the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy is obtained by water-cooling copper die pressurization or water quenching after isothermal treatment. The method is based on the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy after alloy crystal grain crushing deformation, and the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy is obtained by pressurizing or water quenching through a water-cooling copper die after isothermal treatment. In the technical scheme of the application, due to the isothermal treatment and the water-cooling copper die pressurization or water quenching, the traditional plastic processing technology and the isothermal heat preservation control technology can be fully combined for preparing the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy, so that the defect that the alloy is difficult to directly process in a liquid state due to the narrow solid-liquid temperature range can be overcome, and the continuous preparation can be more stably realized, and the method is suitable for batch production. The principle is that the traditional plastic processing technology causes alloy crystal grains to be distorted, huge distortion energy exists among the crystal grains, and the distortion energy is released under proper temperature to easily enable the crystal boundary to be preferentially melted and rounded, so that spherical particles are formed. The technology is fully utilized, and the spherical structure of the ADC12 alloy can be effectively controlled, and stable batch processing of the ADC12 alloy can be realized by combining the technology and the ADC12 alloy.
In the above embodiment, in order to control the spherical structure of the ADC12 alloy to the maximum extent and improve the quality of the finished product in the plastic working step, the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy is subjected to a dicing treatment before being subjected to an isothermal treatment, and the volume of the diced pre-deformed ADC12 alloy is adapted to the volume of the semi-solid ADC12 alloy blank to be obtained. Simultaneously, still carry out more careful control to the parameter of isothermal heat preservation and forging and pressing, specifically do: and (3) carrying out isothermal treatment after the dicing is finished, wherein the specific parameters of the isothermal treatment are that the temperature range of the isothermal treatment is selected to be between 480 and 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is selected to be between 10 and 500min according to the corresponding solid fraction requirement.
Correspondingly, as the forging process is the most traditional metal plastic deformation process, the process equipment is simple, the cost is low, the production period is short, and the method is very suitable for the pre-deformation of the alloy. Therefore, the pre-deformation ADC12 alloy with crushed alloy grains is obtained by adopting a forging mode. The forging ratio of the pre-deformation ADC12 alloy obtained by crushing alloy grains is 2-4; the forging temperature is controlled between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.
The invention organically combines the traditional forging deformation process and the semi-solid blank preparation process, realizes the high-efficiency preparation of the semi-solid blank with the ADC12 alloy high-quality spherical structure effectively controllable, and opens up a new idea for further popularization and application of the alloy.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a forged pre-deformed ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank; the method comprises the following steps:
the ADC12 alloy at 200 ℃ was wrought pre-deformed at a forging ratio of 2. And then, preserving the temperature of the pre-deformed alloy in a heat treatment furnace at 480 ℃ for 500min, and then quenching the pre-deformed alloy in water to obtain a semi-solid blank with a spherical structure, specifically as shown in figures 1 and 2, wherein figure 1 is an original dendritic structure, and figure 2 is a spherical semi-solid structure.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a forged pre-deformed ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank; the method comprises the following steps:
the ADC12 alloy was wrought pre-deformed at a forging ratio of 3 at 300 ℃. And then preserving the temperature of the pre-deformed alloy at 550 ℃ for 10min, and then quickly transferring the pre-deformed alloy to a copper mold for pressurizing and cooling to obtain a semi-solid blank with a spherical structure.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a forged pre-deformed ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank; the method comprises the following steps:
the ADC12 alloy at 200 ℃ was subjected to free forging pre-deformation in a forging press at a forging ratio of about 4. And then carrying out isothermal heat preservation on the pre-deformed alloy at 500 ℃ for 100min, and then quickly transferring to cold water for quenching to prepare a semi-solid blank with a spherical structure.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method for an ADC12 alloy semi-solid blank is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method is based on the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy after alloy crystal grains are crushed and deformed, the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy is obtained by water-cooling copper die pressurization or water quenching after isothermal treatment,
the pre-deformation ADC12 alloy is subjected to block cutting before isothermal treatment, the volume of the pre-deformation ADC12 alloy after block cutting is adapted to the volume of the semi-solid blank of the ADC12 alloy to be obtained,
after the dicing is finished, carrying out isothermal treatment, wherein the specific parameters of the isothermal treatment are that the temperature range of the isothermal treatment is selected to be between 480 and 550 ℃, the heat preservation time is selected to be between 100 and 500min according to the corresponding solid fraction requirement,
the pre-deformed ADC12 alloy with crushed alloy grains is obtained by adopting a forging mode,
the forging ratio of the pre-deformation ADC12 alloy obtained by crushing alloy grains in forging is between 2 and 4,
the forging temperature is controlled between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃.
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