CN1324290C

CN1324290C - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: CN1324290C
Application number: CNB2004100050859A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 山口成人; 杉尾孝; 横山昭一; 清水努
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2003-02-20
Filing date: 2004-01-16
Publication date: 2007-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2024-01-16
Also published as: CN1523316A; KR20040075717A; JP2004251556A

Abstract

Provided is a highly-reliable parallel flow type heat exchanger which realizes good split-flow state and can obtain a sufficient amount of heat exchange even when the parallel flow type heat exchanger is used in either of an evaporator and a condenser. The split-flow state of a cooling medium can be improved by arranging multiple flat tubes 3 extending substantially vertically between a lower header 2 and an upper header 5 arranged substantially horizontally, providing a fin 4 between the adjacent flat tubes 3, attaching a connection tube 1 into which the cooling medium flows, to an end of the lower header 2 in the longitudinal direction and arranging a connection tube 6 out of which the cooling medium flows in the vicinity of a central section of the upper header 5.

Description

Heat exchanger

Technical field

The present invention relates to use the heat exchanger in heat pump air conditioner, relate in particular to the heat exchanger of the shunt volume homogenising that can make the cold-producing medium that is diverted in a plurality of heat-transfer pipes.

Background technology

The heat exchanger of the formation kind of refrigeration cycle of existing air-conditioner, when its exchange capability of heat hour, the internal circulating load of cold-producing medium is also less, in order to reduce the pressure loss in the heat exchanger tube, general coolant channel is that single passage is better, when the heat exchange amount was big, the internal circulating load of cold-producing medium was also bigger, just needed a plurality of coolant channels this moment.Under the situation of a plurality of coolant channels of this needs, need to make cold-producing medium evenly shunting in a plurality of heat-transfer pipes, to bring into play the technical scheme of heat exchanger performance to greatest extent.

Below with reference to Fig. 6, describe as the situation of evaporimeter using the PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger.In the example of prior art shown in Figure 6, label 2 is lower header tank of hollow cylindrical, its right side sealing, and when using as evaporimeter, cold-producing medium leads to and flows on the bottom tube connector 1.Flow to cold-producing medium in the lower header tank 2 by carrying out heat exchange with fins 4 that the flat tube 3 that is communicated with each header box closely contact with air, the cold-producing medium that has gasified then flows to the upside header box of hollow cylindrical from 6 outflows of evaporimeter top tube connector.

In addition, when using as condenser, utilize the cross valve in the kind of refrigeration cycle that circulation is switched, make the inflow direction of cold-producing medium opposite with the time as evaporimeter, in prior art example shown in Figure 6, the single-phase superheated refrigerant gas of the HTHP of discharging from compressor flows into the upside header boxs 5 from condenser top tube connector 6, by carrying out heat exchange with the flat tube 3 tight fins that contact 4 that are communicated with each header box with air, the lower header tank 2 that the cold-producing medium behind the condensation liquefaction flows to hollow cylindrical flows out from condenser tube connector 1.In addition, flat tube 3 is by heat exchanger metal, that have flat section profile flat tubes such as good aluminium of heat transfer property or copper alloys, its inside has 1 to several coolant channels, flat tube 3 is in the mode with lower header tank 2 and upper header tank 5 connections, and many vertically are arranged between these header boxs.

In addition, distribute, form good branch stream mode for obtaining uniform cold-producing medium, make it give full play to performance, various ways on many flat tubes 3, have been used, by metal sheets such as good aluminium of heat transfer property or copper alloy make corrugated and the fin 4 that forms with and the face that constitutes of a plurality of flat tube 3 mode that is vertically formed a plurality of cellular air ducts be arranged between each flat tube, thereby make air and cold-producing medium can successfully carry out heat exchange.

In the prior art there be with the example of structure that heat exchanger has good minute stream mode this air-conditioner as making: the vertical direction of the relative header box axle of dividing plate of header box inside is tilted by (example is with reference to patent documentation 1), or make the end slope (example is with reference to patent documentation 2) of flat tube 3.

Patent documentation 1: the spy opens flat 6-174335 communique (1-5 page or leaf, accompanying drawing 1)

Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 8-5194 communique (1-5 page or leaf, accompanying drawing 1).

When above-mentioned existing PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger is used as condenser, the single-phase superheated refrigerant gas of discharging from compressor flows into from the top tube connector 6 on the upper header tank shown in Figure 65, evenly flow through each flat tube 3, after carrying out heat exchange with air, condensation liquefaction cold-producing medium be subjected to gravity effect, flow in the lower header tank 2, at this, there is not very big problem in the shunting situation that flows through the cold-producing medium of each flat tube 3.

But, when using as evaporimeter, as shown in Figure 7, the two phase refrigerant that liquid gas mixes flows in the lower header tank 2, except that gaseous state cold-producing medium 7, the liquid refrigerant 8 that is trapped in the bottom is subjected to the influence of inertial flow, has right-hand thickening near the evaporator inlet and downstream, is being positioned near the tendency of the local attenuation lower header tank 2 central portions.The amount that causes entering from downside header box 2 cold-producing medium in each flat tube 3 thus is inhomogeneous, and, the influence of the cold-producing medium generation bias current that also is subjected to the influence of high viscosity refrigerating machine oil in the kind of refrigeration cycle and in each flat tube, flows, in addition, according to the layout situation, the cold-producing medium preferential flow evaporator inlet of associating is the shortest through distance to evaporator outlet institute, flat tube 3a among Fig. 6 of resistance minimum, flow out from top tube connector 6 near the 3b, and from evaporator inlet to outlet institute through apart from farthest flat tube 3e, near the 3f, because line loss causes resistance bigger, the cold-producing medium that flows to herein is just fewer.

The measuring temperature distribution result of the heat exchanger integral body when Fig. 8 shows simply and uses being used as evaporimeter with the infrared ray analyzer, oblique line partly is the zone higher than other parts temperature, oblique line part resistance at Fig. 8 is bigger, refrigerant flow over half as the right side in its downstream is less, the refrigerant superheat degree is big simultaneously, exists to make heat exchanger performance reduce such problem significantly.

Summary of the invention

The present invention proposes for solving existing problem, and its objective is provides a kind of PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger, even when making it be used as evaporimeter or condenser simultaneously, also can reach good branch stream mode, thereby obtain sufficient heat exchange amount.

For solving above-mentioned existing problem, the 1st invention of the present invention is a kind of heat exchanger, has: be a pair of header box that predetermined distance is arranged, that roughly extend in the horizontal direction and be made of upper header tank and lower header tank up and down; Be configured in a plurality of heat-transfer pipes between this a pair of header box; Be configured in the fin between the adjacent heat-transfer pipe, it is characterized in that: make cold-producing medium be disposed at the end of described lower header tank with respect to the bottom tube connector of described lower header tank inflow and outflow, cold-producing medium is disposed near the central portion of described upper header tank with respect to the top tube connector of described upper header tank inflow and outflow, lower header tank becomes refrigerant inlet when using as evaporimeter, upper header tank becomes refrigerant outlet, and upper header tank becomes refrigerant inlet when using as condenser, lower header tank becomes refrigerant outlet.

In addition, the 2nd invention is characterized in that: the length direction along described lower header tank disposes described bottom tube connector in above-mentioned lower header tank one end.

Further, the 3rd invention is characterized in that: described bottom tube connector is connected the both ends of described lower header tank.

In addition, the 4th invention is characterized in that: the caliber of described bottom tube connector is littler than the caliber of described top tube connector.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the main schematic diagram of the PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 2 is the main schematic diagram that expression heat exchange temperature shown in Figure 1 distributes.

Fig. 3 is the refrigerant condition figure of heat exchanger lower header tank shown in Figure 1 inside.

Fig. 4 is the main schematic diagram of the PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 5 is the main schematic diagram that expression heat exchange temperature shown in Figure 4 distributes.

Fig. 6 is the main schematic diagram of heat exchanger in the prior art.

Fig. 7 is the refrigerant condition figure of heat exchanger lower header tank shown in Figure 6 inside.

Fig. 8 is the main schematic diagram that expression heat exchange temperature shown in Figure 6 distributes.

Among the figure: 1,1a-bottom tube connector, 2-lower header tank, 3,3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f-flat tube, 4-fin, 5-upper header tank, 6-top tube connector, 7-gaseous refrigerant, 8-liquid refrigerant.

The specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the invention are described.

(embodiment 1)

Fig. 1 has represented the PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention 1, and it comprises: at a distance of predetermined distance, the lower header tank 2 and the upper header tank 5 of extending in the horizontal direction basically; Two ends are connected between two header boxs 2,5, basic and both vertically arranged a plurality of flat tubes (heat-transfer pipe) 3; The cellular fin 4 that between adjacent flat tube 3, is snakelike layout; Bottom tube connector 1, top tube connector 65 that be connected with lower header tank 2 and upper header tank respectively, that import and export as the cold-producing mediums that flow to heat exchanger.In addition, bottom tube connector 1 extends at the length direction of lower header tank 2, and top tube connector 6 extends in the direction vertical with upper header tank.

In Fig. 1, solid arrow is represented the situation that heat exchanger uses as evaporimeter, dotted arrow is represented the situation as the condenser use, when using as evaporimeter, the left side of lower header tank 2 is refrigerant inlets, upper header tank 5 is refrigerant outlets, adopts the type of flow opposite with evaporimeter when using as condenser

When the heat exchanger with said structure used as evaporimeter, the refrigerant inlet of evaporimeter was the bottom tube connector 1 that links to each other with lower header tank 2, and cold-producing medium flows through flat tube 3, by carrying out heat exchange with the flat tube 3 tight fins that contact 4 with air.Cold-producing medium after the heat exchange gasification is pooled in the upper header tank 5, by the top tube connector 6 as the evaporator refrigerant outlet, enters the compressor (not shown) inlet in the kind of refrigeration cycle.

On the other hand, when the heat exchanger of said structure uses as condenser, the single-phase superheated refrigerant gas of discharging from compressor flows to the upper header tank 5 from the top tube connector 6 of condenser, by carrying out heat exchange with fins 4 and air that each flat tube 3 closely contact.Cold-producing medium behind the heat exchange condensation liquefaction is subjected to the effect of gravity, after flowing down equably along each flat tube 3, enters lower header tank 2, enters the porch of compressor by condenser tube connector 1.

Fig. 2 shown when using as evaporimeter simply, the result who distributes and measure with the bulk temperature of infrared analysis device heat exchanging device.

In Fig. 2, the oblique line part is than the temperature height of other parts, be that cold-producing medium does not flow through, do not have the part as heat exchanger effect itself basically, but compare the back discovery when distributing with the shown evaporator temperature of the Fig. 8 that is used for illustrating conventional example, Temperature Distribution is even basically, this increases the effective area of heat exchanger, and performance increases substantially.And, in the heat exchanger of Fig. 1, because the two phase refrigerant that liquid gas mixes can be by flatly flowing into as the bottom tube connector 1 of the evaporator inlet left side from lower header tank 2, thus cold-producing medium can flow to equably with downside header box 2 vertically arranged each flat tube 3 in.

In addition, as shown in Figure 3, owing to be trapped in the right-hand meeting thickening of the liquid refrigerant 8 of bottom in its downstream, and the position of evaporator outlet 6 is arranged on the central authorities of upper header tank 5, the inertial flow that flows to the cold-producing medium the lower header tank 2 from bottom tube connector 1 acts on its downstream direction, therefore lean on slippage to cause the refrigerant condition in the conventional example middle and lower part header box 2 that thickens tendency to compare with liquid refrigerant lower header tank 2 in shown in Figure 6 to the downstream, liquid refrigerant is more even, has therefore promoted to flow to the uniformity of the refrigerant amount in each flat tube 3.Further say, when flowing through each flat tube 3, refrigeration profit shown in Figure 1 gasifies through heat exchange, by the highest upper header tank 5 of the pressure loss in managing, because refrigerant outlet is arranged in the central authorities of upper header tank 5, therefore flow through apart from central outlets farthest, the gas refrigerant of 3a, 3f flat tube that is arranged in upper header tank 5 two ends is the shortest and equal to the outlet distance.Make the pressure distribution equalization in the heat exchanger like this, the bias current of cold-producing medium reduces, and can effectively utilize heat exchanger, and its performance is improved.

In addition, for evaporimeter, the diameter of refrigerant inlet bottom tube connector 1 is littler than the diameter of evaporator outlet top tube connector 6, can reduce the pressure loss in the evaporator outlet pipe like this, the flow velocity of the cold-producing medium that flows to evaporator inlet is increased, cold-producing medium is flow in each flat tube 3 with the impartial degree of liquid-gas ratio example.

Otherwise, when using as condenser, because the diameter of condenser inlet top tube connector 6 is bigger than the diameter of condensator outlet bottom tube connector 1, can prevent that therefore the performance that the pressure loss when single phase gas cold-producing medium because of HTHP is by top tube connector 6 causes from reducing.

In addition, in above-mentioned structure, bottom tube connector 1, top tube connector 6 are positioned at ad-hoc location shown in Figure 1, but are not limited to this ad-hoc location, they can about be provided with on the contrary, also can be and change location according to the shape of heat exchanger.

In addition, the cylindrical shape of lower header tank 2 and upper header tank 5 or bottom tube connector 1, top tube connector 6 also can be replaced by other shape such as quadrangle, ellipse, polygon.

(embodiment 2)

Fig. 4 has represented the PARALLEL FLOW type heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention 2, and wherein solid arrow represents that dotted arrow is represented the situation as the condenser use with the situation of heat exchanger as the evaporimeter use.

When using as evaporimeter, the both sides of lower header tank 2 are refrigerant inlets, and the central authorities of upper header tank 5 are refrigerant outlets, the flowing opposite when using when using as condenser and as evaporimeter.

In the present embodiment, flow into equably in each flat tube 3, bottom extension tube attached 1 and 1a are arranged in the both sides of lower header tank 2 length directions, and make the diameter of bottom tube connector 1 and 1a littler than the diameter of top tube connector 6 for making cold-producing medium.

If use the device of present embodiment, when heat exchanger is used as evaporimeter, cold-producing medium is after bottom tube connector 1 and 1a flow to the lower header tank 2, flow into equably in each flat tube 3 with the cold-producing medium shown in the solid line among Fig. 4, flow to the suction port of compressor that is arranged in kind of refrigeration cycle from top tube connector 6 then as evaporator outlet.Here, two place's refrigerant inlets are arranged on the lower header tank 2 of evaporimeter.

When Fig. 5 shows simply and uses as evaporimeter, the result who measures with the Temperature Distribution of the integral body of infrared analysis device heat exchanging device.

In Fig. 5, oblique line is partly than the temperature height of other parts, cold-producing medium does not flow through basically, is as the inoperative part of heat exchanger itself, compare with the Temperature Distribution of heat exchanger evaporimeter among the top embodiment 1 shown in Figure 2, Temperature Distribution is more even, thereby the effective area of heat exchanger is increased, and performance increases substantially.In addition, in the heat exchanger of Fig. 4, because two bottom tube connectors 1 and 1a are arranged, therefore make from the refrigerant velocities of 2 liang of side inflows of lower header tank and reduce, flow of refrigerant action of inertia little than in above-mentioned Fig. 2 heat exchanger, make the cold-producing medium liquid phase in the lower header tank 2 more even, make cold-producing medium flow through each flat tube 3 equably.Improved heat exchange property thus.

In addition, in said structure, the drum of bottom tube connector 1,1a, top tube connector 6 and lower header tank 2 and upper header tank 5 also can be replaced by other shape such as quadrangle, ellipse or polygon.

(effect of invention)

Therefore the present invention has following effect owing to take above said structure.

When heat exchanger of the present invention uses as evaporimeter, because the cold-producing medium that flows in each flat tube can be equal Shunt evenly, therefore can bring into play to greatest extent heat exchange property, the heat exchanger with high reliability is provided.

In addition, because heat exchanger of the present invention can be not only as the evaporimeter use but also as the condenser use, therefore Use does not need complicated processing and maximization system in kind of refrigeration cycle the time, just can improve heat exchange performance, System is easily accommodated and miniaturization, provide the heat exchange that is beneficial to processability and productive high reliability Device.

Claims

1. heat exchanger has: be a pair of header box that predetermined distance is arranged, that roughly extend in the horizontal direction and be made of upper header tank and lower header tank up and down; Be configured in a plurality of heat-transfer pipes between this a pair of header box; Be configured in the fin between the adjacent heat-transfer pipe, it is characterized in that:

Make cold-producing medium be disposed at the end of described lower header tank with respect to the bottom tube connector of described lower header tank inflow and outflow, cold-producing medium is disposed near the central portion of described upper header tank with respect to the top tube connector of described upper header tank inflow and outflow, lower header tank becomes refrigerant inlet when using as evaporimeter, upper header tank becomes refrigerant outlet, and upper header tank becomes refrigerant inlet when using as condenser, lower header tank becomes refrigerant outlet.

2. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the length direction along described lower header tank disposes described bottom tube connector in described lower header tank one end.

3. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described bottom tube connector is connected the both ends of described lower header tank.

4. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the caliber of described bottom tube connector is littler than the caliber of described top tube connector.