Summary of the invention
It is the method that raw material is produced corn protein high F value oligopeptide with the maize yellow-powder that the present invention aims to provide a kind of.The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: comprise the following steps:
At first maize yellow-powder is adopted supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction technology removes lipid and different assorted flavor material, extraction operating pressure 10MPa~45MPa, 35 ℃~60 ℃ of temperature, 0.5 hour~3.0 hours time, CO
2Flow 15~40L/ hour, the maize yellow-powder color after the extraction was yellowish, was as good as assorted flavor, and lipid material content is less than 0.2%; With degreasing, to take off maize yellow-powder concentration after assorted be that 60%~90% ethanol extracts, the mass ratio of maize yellow-powder and ethanolic soln is 1: 8~12, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃~60 ℃, pH value 8.0~9.0; With extract separate, dehydration, dry and pulverize the zein powder.This protein powder protein content is greater than 95%;
The zein powder being added the suitable quantity of water material moistening handles again, make its water content 15%~30%, carry out High Temperature High Pressure in the zein powder input forcing machine with the material moistening processing and extrude processing, 120 ℃~160 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, input speed 15~40kg/ hour, the material after extruding is carried out drying, make the extrudate water content less than 8%, dried material is pulverized, and gained meal granularity is controlled at can all get final product by 100 mesh sieves;
Utilize proteolytic enzyme that zein is carried out two step enzymolysis at last.The 1st step enzymolysis is selected for use and the protein and peptide chain can be cut into small peptide and the cutting position overwhelming majority proteolytic enzyme in the junction of die aromatischen Aminosaeuren and branched-chain amino acid, making its end of small peptide that generates behind the enzymolysis is die aromatischen Aminosaeuren, processing condition are concentration of substrate 5%~13%, enzyme concn 1.5~9.0%, 45 ℃~60 ℃ of temperature, pH value 8.0~10.0,2 hours~5 hours time, separate behind the enzymolysis enzymolysis solution; The 2nd step enzymolysis is selected the proteolytic enzyme that the die aromatischen Aminosaeuren of small peptide end can be cut away for use, and processing condition are 45 ℃~60 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn 1%~9%, concentration of substrate 5%~13%, 2~6 hours time, pH value 6.5~9.0; For removing the bitter taste of corn protein high F value oligopeptide, also can be behind the 2nd step enzymolysis, the flavor protease of interpolation 0.5% carries out enzymolysis once more in enzymolysis solution, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is 55 ℃ of temperature, pH value 7.0,1 hour time; After enzymolysis finishes, obtain containing the mixture of die aromatischen Aminosaeuren, branched-chain amino acid and oligopeptide, utilize this mixture of charcoal absorption purifying, remove die aromatischen Aminosaeuren.Charcoal absorption purifying process condition is 20 ℃~35 ℃ of temperature, and the mass ratio of gac and liquid to be purified is 1: 5~15, pH value 2.5~5.0.
Zein oligopeptide mixture by the inventive method is produced does not have bitter taste, and the F value is greater than 20, and the product yield is greater than 60%.
The supercritical CO that the present invention adopts
2Fluid extraction technology has the high advantage of degreasing rate, have the different assorted flavor effect of taking off simultaneously concurrently, improved the extraction yield of zein, compare with alkaline process, acid system and enzyme process have efficient, low consumption, nontoxic, pollution-free, unharmful substance is residual, easy to operate, good selective, and can make production serialization, automatization, compares with traditional method, can enhance productivity more than 1 times, take off in the degreasing of maize yellow-powder and have the additive method incomparable advantage aspect the assorted purifying.The present invention adopts the High Temperature High Pressure expressing technique to improve the enzymolysis property of zein, realizes the modified and solubilized processing to material.High temperature, when high pressure is extruded, zein is produced powerful friction, shear, the fusion Degradation, make the moisture instant vaporization of superheat state contained in the material and produce blast effectiveness, break or cut off the insoluble long chain molecule of zein, reduce its molecular weight limitedly, and molecule modified, change zein part chemical structure and relative molecular weight, destroyed the hard tissues of zein, made it become loose, solubility strengthens, enzyme such as peptide bond and hydrophilic radical point of application comes out, increase with the enzyme contact area, more it is easily decomposed by enzyme, and then increases substantially the degree of hydrolysis of zein, and this easy grasp easy and simple to handle, energy-conservation, no waste gas, waste water produces, and belongs to the environmental protection operation.
With the maize yellow-powder is raw material, adopt the inventive method to produce high F value oligopeptide, the zein extraction yield improves 10% at least, produce high F value oligopeptide with high purity and through the zein of extruding modified and solubilized processing through complex enzyme hydrolysis, compare the zein degree of hydrolysis with traditional method and improve 23% at least, the high F value oligopeptide yield can improve more than 20%.
Embodiment
By product maize yellow-powder with W-Gum factory or corn distillery is a raw material.
Embodiment 1
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
Maize yellow-powder is carried out supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction, extracting pressure 10MPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, 0.5 hour time, CO
2Flow 15L/ hour.
2. the extraction of zein
With supercritical CO
2Maize yellow-powder behind the fluid extraction is a raw material, at alcohol concn is 60%, maize yellow-powder and ethanolic soln mass ratio are 1: 8, extracting temperature is 50 ℃, extract under the condition of pH value 8.0 and got zein solution in 2 hours, centrifugation 5min under the condition of rotating speed 3000rpm gets supernatant liquor with zein solution, be 30% with supernatant liquor with distilled water diluting to alcohol concn and be 6.5 when having turbid phenomenon to produce with 4mol HCI solution adjustment pH value, the saturated nacl aqueous solution that adds cumulative volume 2% promotes the prolamine precipitation to separate out, centrifugation 5min under rotating speed 4000rpm condition, separate and obtain the zein throw out, with throw out with pure washing 2 times, vacuum-drying then, pulverize the zein powder.
3. material moistening is handled
The zein powder is added an amount of 25 ℃ tap water, stir, placed 15 minutes, the zein powder is fully absorbed water, and guarantee that its water content is 15%.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With the single screw extrusion machine preheating, 120 ℃ of design temperatures, when die head temperature reached 120 ℃, the starting forcing machine was extruded operation, control input speed 15kg/ hour, in the extrusion, displays temperature should not be lower than 120 ℃, with the extrudate that obtains, carry out warm air drying or natural air drying, make its water content less than 8%, pulverize then, make the meal that obtains can be all by 100 mesh sieves.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
1. Sumizyme MP enzymolysis: with the zein of extruding processing is that raw material carries out enzymolysis, and concentration of substrate is 5%, enzyme concn (E/S) 1.5%, 45 ℃ of temperature, pH value 8.0,2 hours time.Separate then enzymolysis solution.
2. papain enzymolysis: with the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis product is raw material, 45 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn (E/S) 1%, concentration of substrate 5%, pH value 6.5,2 hours time.
3. Activated Carbon Adsorption Separation purifying: with step 2. products therefrom carry out the charcoal absorption purifying, 20 ℃ of temperature, the mass ratio of gac and pending enzymolysis solution is 1: 5, pH value 2.0 is removed die aromatischen Aminosaeuren to greatest extent, keeps the branched-amino acid constituents.
Embodiment 2
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
Maize yellow-powder is carried out supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction, extracting pressure 20MPa, 45 ℃ of temperature, 1 hour time, CO
2Flow 20L/ hour.
2. the extraction of zein
With supercritical CO
2Maize yellow-powder behind the fluid extraction is a raw material, be 70% at alcohol concn, maize yellow-powder and ethanolic soln mass ratio be 1: 9, extract temperature be extract under 55 ℃, the condition of pH value 8.5 2 hours must zein solution, as follows embodiment 1.
3. material moistening is handled
With adding an amount of 25 ℃ tap water in the zein powder, stir, placed 15 minutes, the zein powder is fully absorbed water, and guarantee that its water content is 20%.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With the twin screw extruder preheating, 130 ℃ of design temperatures, when die head temperature reached 130 ℃, the starting forcing machine was extruded operation, control input speed 20kg/ hour, in the extrusion, displays temperature should not be lower than 130 ℃, with the extrudate that obtains, carry out warm air drying or natural air drying, make its water content less than 8%, pulverize then, make the meal that obtains can be all by 100 mesh sieves.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
1. Sumizyme MP enzymolysis: with the zein of extruding processing is that raw material carries out enzymolysis, and concentration of substrate is 7%, enzyme concn (E/S) 3.0%, 50 ℃ of temperature, pH value 9.0,3 hours time.Separate then enzymolysis solution.
2. papain enzymolysis: with the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis product is raw material, 50 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn (E/S) 3%, concentration of substrate 7%, pH value 7.5,3 hours time.
3. Activated Carbon Adsorption Separation purifying: with step 2. products therefrom carry out the charcoal absorption purifying, 25 ℃ of temperature, the mass ratio of gac and pending enzymolysis solution is 1: 7, pH value 3.0 is removed die aromatischen Aminosaeuren to greatest extent, keeps the branched-amino acid constituents.
Embodiment 3
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
Maize yellow-powder is carried out supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction, extracting pressure 30MPa, 45 ℃ of temperature, 1.5 hours time, CO
2Flow 25L/ hour.
2. the extraction of zein
With supercritical CO
2Maize yellow-powder behind the fluid extraction is a raw material, be 80% at alcohol concn, maize yellow-powder and ethanolic soln mass ratio be 1: 10, extract temperature be extract under 60 ℃, the condition of pH value 9.0 2 hours must zein solution, as follows embodiment 1.
3. material moistening is handled
With adding an amount of 25 ℃ tap water in the zein powder, stir, placed 15 minutes, the zein powder is fully absorbed water, and guarantee that its water content is 25%.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With the twin screw extruder preheating, 140 ℃ of design temperatures, when die head temperature reached 140 ℃, the starting forcing machine was extruded operation, control input speed 25kg/ hour, in the extrusion, displays temperature should not be lower than 140 ℃, with the extrudate that obtains, carry out warm air drying or natural air drying, make its water content less than 8%, pulverize then, make the meal that obtains can be all by 100 mesh sieves.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
1. Sumizyme MP enzymolysis: with the zein of extruding processing is that raw material carries out enzymolysis, and concentration of substrate is 9%, enzyme concn (E/S) 4.5%, 55 ℃ of temperature, pH value 9.0,4 hours time.Separate then enzymolysis solution.
2. papain enzymolysis: with the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis product is raw material, 55 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn (E/S) 5%, concentration of substrate 9%, pH value 7.5,4 hours time.
3. Activated Carbon Adsorption Separation purifying: with step 2. products therefrom carry out the charcoal absorption purifying, 30 ℃ of temperature, the mass ratio of gac and pending enzymolysis solution is 1: 9, pH value 3.0 is removed die aromatischen Aminosaeuren to greatest extent, keeps the branched-amino acid constituents.
Embodiment 4
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
Maize yellow-powder is carried out supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction, extracting pressure 40MPa, 50 ℃ of temperature, 2.0 hours time, CO
2Flow 30L/ hour.
2. the extraction of zein
With supercritical CO
2Maize yellow-powder behind the fluid extraction is a raw material, be 90% at alcohol concn, maize yellow-powder and ethanolic soln mass ratio be 1: 11, extract temperature be extract under 60 ℃, the condition of pH value 9.0 2 hours must zein solution, as follows embodiment 1.
3. material moistening is handled
The zein powder is added an amount of 25 ℃ tap water, stir, placed 15 minutes, the zein powder is fully absorbed water, and guarantee that its water content is 30%.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With the single screw extrusion machine preheating, 150 ℃ of design temperatures, when die head temperature reached 150 ℃, the starting forcing machine was extruded operation, control input speed 30kg/ hour, in the extrusion, displays temperature should not be lower than 150 ℃, with the extrudate that obtains, carry out warm air drying or natural air drying, make its water content less than 8%, pulverize then, make the meal that obtains can be all by 100 mesh sieves.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
1. Sumizyme MP enzymolysis: with the zein of extruding processing is that raw material carries out enzymolysis, and concentration of substrate is 11%, enzyme concn (E/S) 6.0%, 60 ℃ of temperature, pH value 10,5 hours time.Separate then enzymolysis solution.
2. papain enzymolysis: with the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis product is raw material, 60 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn (E/S) 7%, concentration of substrate 11%, pH value 8.0,5 hours time.
3. Activated Carbon Adsorption Separation purifying: with step 2. products therefrom carry out the charcoal absorption purifying, 35 ℃ of temperature, the mass ratio of gac and pending enzymolysis solution is 1: 11, pH value 3.5 is removed die aromatischen Aminosaeuren to greatest extent, keeps the branched-amino acid constituents.
Embodiment 5
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
Maize yellow-powder is carried out supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction, extracting pressure 45MPa, 55 ℃ of temperature, 2.5 hours time, CO
2Flow 35L/ hour.
2. the extraction of zein
With supercritical CO
2Maize yellow-powder behind the fluid extraction is a raw material, be 90% at alcohol concn, maize yellow-powder and ethanolic soln mass ratio be 1: 12, extract temperature be extract under 60 ℃, the condition of pH value 9.0 2 hours must zein solution, as follows embodiment 1.
3. material moistening is handled
With embodiment 4.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With the single screw extrusion machine preheating, 160 ℃ of design temperatures, when die head temperature reached 160 ℃, the starting forcing machine was extruded operation, control input speed 35kg/ hour, in the extrusion, displays temperature should not be lower than 160 ℃, with the extrudate that obtains, carry out warm air drying or natural air drying, make its water content less than 8%, pulverize then, make the meal that obtains can be all by 100 mesh sieves.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
1. Sumizyme MP enzymolysis: with the zein of extruding processing is that raw material carries out enzymolysis, and concentration of substrate is 13%, enzyme concn (E/S) 7.5%, 60 ℃ of temperature, pH value 10,5 hours time.Separate then enzymolysis solution.
2. papain enzymolysis: with the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis product is raw material, 60 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn (E/S) 9%, concentration of substrate 13%, pH value 8.5,6 hours time.
3. Activated Carbon Adsorption Separation purifying: with step 2. products therefrom carry out the charcoal absorption purifying, 35 ℃ of temperature, the mass ratio of gac and pending enzymolysis solution is 1: 13, pH value 4.5 is removed die aromatischen Aminosaeuren to greatest extent, keeps the branched-amino acid constituents.
Embodiment 6
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
Maize yellow-powder is carried out supercritical CO
2Fluid extraction, extracting pressure 45MPa, 60 ℃ of temperature, 3.0 hours time, CO
2Flow 40L/ hour.
2. the extraction of zein
With embodiment 5.
3. material moistening is handled
With embodiment 4.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With the single screw extrusion machine preheating, 160 ℃ of design temperatures, when die head temperature reached 160 ℃, the starting forcing machine was extruded operation, control input speed 40kg/ hour, in the extrusion, displays temperature should not be lower than 160 ℃, with the extrudate that obtains, carry out warm air drying or natural air drying, make its water content less than 8%, pulverize then, make the meal that obtains can be all by 100 mesh sieves.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
1. Sumizyme MP enzymolysis: with the zein of extruding processing is that raw material carries out enzymolysis, and concentration of substrate is 13%, enzyme concn (E/S) 9.0%, 60 ℃ of temperature, pH value 10,5 hours time.Separate then enzymolysis solution.
2. papain enzymolysis: with the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis product is raw material, 60 ℃ of temperature, enzyme concn (E/S) 9%, concentration of substrate 9%, pH value 9.0,6 hours time.
3. Activated Carbon Adsorption Separation purifying: with step 2. products therefrom carry out the charcoal absorption purifying, 35 ℃ of temperature, the mass ratio of gac and pending enzymolysis solution is 1: 15, pH value 5.0 is removed die aromatischen Aminosaeuren to greatest extent, keeps the branched-amino acid constituents.
Embodiment 7
1. maize yellow-powder degreasing, take off different assorted flavor and handle
With embodiment 6.
2. the extraction of zein
With embodiment 5.
3. material moistening is handled
With embodiment 4.
4. High Temperature High Pressure is extruded processing
With embodiment 6.
5. enzymolysis and separation and purification
Behind the papain enzymolysis, the flavor protease of interpolation 0.5% carries out enzymolysis in enzymolysis solution, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is 55 ℃ of temperature, pH value 7.0,1 hour time.
All the other contents are with embodiment 6.