CN1316566A - 用于进行充气分散的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于进行充气分散的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1316566A
CN1316566A CN01112379A CN01112379A CN1316566A CN 1316566 A CN1316566 A CN 1316566A CN 01112379 A CN01112379 A CN 01112379A CN 01112379 A CN01112379 A CN 01112379A CN 1316566 A CN1316566 A CN 1316566A
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H·加布尔
E·赫尔特尔
B·舒尔青格
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于以至少两个阶段进行充气分散的方法,尤其用于如在脱墨过程中对纸浆悬浮液进行浮选的方法。该方法的主要特征在于,每个阶段具有一个单独的液体循环系统,该系统吸入气体或空气并将它与液体混合。本发明还涉及一种具有至少两个浮选槽的装置,在每个阶段中设有一个单独的灌浆机2并且该灌浆机与一个指定的泵相连以形成一个液体循环系统1。

Description

用于进行充气分散的方法和装置
本发明涉及一种用于进行充气分散的方法,尤其用于例如在至少两个阶段对纸浆悬浮液进行浮选的方法。另外,本发明涉及一种用于实施该方法的装置。
脱墨浮选是一种用于从尤其在废纸处理中形成的纸浆悬浮液中去除杂质和油墨颗粒的机械方法。在这里疏水性固体物质例如油墨颗粒或粘性物质在一个合适的浮选槽中与气泡接触。所附着的固体物质与气泡一起被带到所述液体的表面上,并且在那里作为浮渣被去除。该纸浆由于其亲水的特性与所接受的物质一起被排出。为了产生气泡,成功地用于该目的的装置之一为自吸式灌浆机。但是由于用于从纸浆悬浮液中选择性去除印刷油墨的方法工作效率低,所以通常采用如在DE4116926C2中所披露的多阶段方法。在这里所有纸浆悬浮液通过灌浆机被送进以产生一个对于成功浮选而言足够大的气泡表面。从每个阶段出来的物质被用来输送到下面阶段以便通过灌浆机引进气流。来自所有阶段的浮渣被收集起来,然后在一个次级阶段中再次被浮选以便循环利用这些纤维。这些方法的缺点在于,它们对于产品变化敏感,无法将空气成分应用到特定的用途中,并且需要许多测量和处理装置以运行所述次级浮选阶段。
因此本发明是基于这样一个任务:设计出一种用于纸浆悬浮液浮选的多阶段能源利用率高的工艺,该方法对产品的变化不敏感并且能够方便地应用到不同用途以及原材料组分上。
因此,本发明的特征在于,每个阶段都具有一个单独的液体循环系统,该系统吸入气体或空气并且将它与液体混合。由于进料和吸入气体所用的灌浆机喷气发动机不会相互影响,所以形成一个额外程度的自由,这使其可能与进料速度无关地设定空气含量。因此该设备就能够非常容易适应进料体积流量的变化。
本发明还有一个有利改进之处的特征在于:空气含量是在与进料速度无关的条件进行控制的。通过该控制手段,空气含量就很容易适应进料条件的变化。
本发明的一个有利设计的特征在于,根据纸浆悬浮液的特性来设定空气进给速度。在该方式下,能够为每个单独用途实现优化的浮选效果。
本发明还有一个有利的改进之处的特征在于,对于各个单独阶段应用了不同数量的空气。因此,也能够有效地对特定原材料进行浮选,而不会影响原材料输送以及产出。
本发明的一个有利设计的特征在于,悬浮液被输送到位于该浮选槽/阶段下面部分中的下一浮选槽/阶段。在该浮选槽/阶段的下面部分处,将该悬浮液送入会防止固结在浮渣中的杂质与所接受物质一起排出。
本发明还有一个改进之处的特征在于设有至少一个次级阶段,该阶段操作从主级阶段溢出的并且其所接受物质被送到第一主级阶段。因此,在纸浆浮选中可以获得低的纤维损失,其中次级浮选槽可以具有和主级浮选槽相同的设计。
本发明还涉及一种用于进行充气分散的装置,尤其是一种如用于对纸浆悬浮液进行脱墨的浮选装置,该装置具有至少两个浮选槽,其特征在于,在每个阶段中设有一个单独的灌浆机,并且该灌浆机与一个指定的泵相连以形成一个液体循环系统。这就提供了一种在送料和灌浆机喷气发动机之间没有任何相互作用的有利装置,因此形成一个额外的自由度。
本发明还有一个有利改进之处的特征在于:在浮选槽隔壁的底层处上设有开口。该布置使得悬浮体能够在每种情况中流进下一个浮选槽,但是阻止了浮渣被随同带去。
本发明一个有利设计的特征在于,在每个浮选槽中设有溢出通道,并且这些通道借助于一根汇流管与一个收集容器相连。在该方式下,来自每个主级浮选槽的浮渣能够被收集起来并一起被排出或受到进一步的处理。
本发明的一个有利设计的特征在于,设有至少一个次级浮选槽,该浮选槽处理从主级浮选槽中溢出的并且其所接受物质被送到第一主级浮选槽,通过次级浮选槽具有与收集容器相连的联接管。通过采用一个位于主级浮选的上游的次级浮选槽,从而就能够进一步降低纤维损失。
本发明还有一个有利的改进之处的特征在于,将至少两个浮选槽安排在一个塔内,通过这种布置,能够从所接受物质中较好地分离杂质。
本发明还有一个有利的改进之处的特征在于,将至少三个浮选槽合并以形成一个循环的浮选厂。通过采用该布置,就可以用较少的空间实现良好的杂质分离。
本发明还有一个有利改进之处的特征在于在每个浮选槽中设有几个灌浆机。如果设有几个灌浆机的话,尤其是在一个浮选槽内的不同点处,那么一方面能获得更高的产出,并且另一方面它能够得到更好的悬浮液分布和液体气泡分布。
在下面将以实施例的方式并且参照附图对本发明进行说明,其中图1显示出该工艺的流程图,图2为根据本发明的工艺的另一个变形,图3为根据本发明的一个浮选槽的设计形式,图4为本发明另一个变形的设计,图5为穿过图1中所示的设备的可能的剖视图。
图1提供了具有四个主级浮选槽P1、P2、P3、P4和两个次级浮选槽S1、S2的浮选设备的流程图。送进的纸浆悬浮液Z在合适的地方进入到第一主级浮选槽。采用不与进料相互作用的该浮选槽的内部循环系统1通过灌浆机2产生出气泡,所述灌浆机吸入空气L并且把它混进该悬浮液中。整个浮选设备大部分充满了悬浮液,在该悬浮液的表面O上形成了浮渣,该浮渣包含了尽可能多的要通过浮选去除的物质和油墨颗粒。在油墨和杂质已经在第一主级浮选槽P1中被从纸浆中去除之后,所接受的悬浮液穿过位于隔壁10的底层处上的孔5移到第二主级浮选槽P2。在哪里以及在所有其它主级浮选槽中,该悬浮液以同样的方式用由这些浮选槽的内部循环系统操作的灌浆机所产生的气泡来处理,并且在该设备的末端作为接受物G被排出。从所有主级浮选槽P1至P4中收集到的浮渣可以通过一条浮渣通道3排放进一个容器4中。从该临时容器4溢出的同时已经去除了大部分浮渣的液体被送到次级浮选槽S2。在那里再次采用该浮选槽的内部循环系统6产生气化。从该次级浮选槽S2出来的接受物在底层开口7处被转到次级浮选槽S1中。在通过循环系统8气化之后,从这些次级浮选槽中出来的浮渣可以作为溢出物被排出。从该次级浮选槽S1中出来的接受物穿过隔壁11上的底层孔9被转到第一主级浮选槽P1中。
在图2中,只有一个次级浮选槽S1并且所输入的物料Z被部分地用作用于灌浆机3的推进射流。所输入的物料Z的剩下的推进射流在合适的地方进入第一主级浮选槽P1中。从这些单独的浮选槽中出来的液体穿过隔壁10上的开口5进入到处于各自情况中的下一个主级浮选槽P2,P3,P4,然后作为所接受物G被排出。为了避免气体随着该浮选槽的内部灌浆机循环系统被吸入,在每个浮选槽中采用了一种安全装置13,用于灌浆机推进射流的悬浮液不会被排出直到它通过该安全装置。从这些主浮选槽P1至P5中收集到的浮渣沿着一条浮渣通道3被带到一个中间容器4中,从该中间容器中去除了浮渣的溢出液体被带进第二浮选槽S1中。借助于一个循环系统8通过灌浆机产生出气泡。从该第二浮选槽S1流出的接受物穿过开口9流进主级浮选槽P1中,并且来自次级浮选槽S1的浮渣作为溢出物被排出。
图3显示出在一个塔中的两个主级浮选槽P1和P2的布置以部分利用逆流原理,并且以便由于液面高度还获得更好的分离效果。输入物Z通过灌浆机被带到主级浮选槽P1,如果悬浮液液面太高的话则通过压缩机15把空气输送到该主浮选槽中。所接受物穿过位于两个浮选槽之间的隔壁10中的开口5被转到第二主级浮选槽P2。通过悬浮液循环系统16采用压缩机17在第二主级浮选槽P2中产生气泡。所收集的接受物G和溢出物(浮渣)可以被排出。
图4为本发明的一个设计,它具有四个主级浮选槽,被设计成一种环形浮选设备。来自输入物Z中的油墨和杂质在第一主级浮选槽P1中用从气化装置(灌浆机2)中产生出的气泡进行浮选。所接受物穿过隔壁10的下面部分中的开口5流进处于各自情况中的主级浮选槽P2,P3或P4,并且可以在四个浮选阶段之后作为接受物G从第四主级浮选槽P4中被排出。来自所有浮选槽的溢出物被收集在浮渣通道3中并且作为溢出物被排出。
图5显示出分别穿过根据图1和图2的浮选设备的可能的剖视图。具有盖子17的圆盘形浮选槽大部分充满了悬浮液。通过充气装置(灌浆机2)产生出气泡并且这些气泡将油墨颗粒和杂质输送到液体的表面O上,在那里它们能够作为浮渣沿着浮渣通道3被排放。从该浮选槽中出来的接受物穿过隔壁10中的开口5进入下一个浮选槽中并且在那里再次被带入与气泡接触。

Claims (13)

1.用于以至少两个阶段进行充气分散的方法,尤其用于如对纸浆悬浮液进行脱墨浮选的方法,其特征在于,每个阶段具有一个单独的液体循环系统,该系统吸入气体或空气并将它与液体混合。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,与进料速度无关地来控制空气含量。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,根据纸浆悬浮液的特性来设定空气进给速度。
4.如权利要求1至3任一所述的方法,其特征在于,将不同量的气体或空气应用到单独的阶段中。
5.如权利要求1至4任一所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述悬浮液输送到所述浮选槽/阶段的下面部分中的下一个浮选槽/阶段。
6.如权利要求1至4任一所述的方法,其特征在于,设有至少一个次级阶段,该阶段处理来自主级阶段中的溢出物,并且其所接受物被送到第一主级阶段中。
7.用于以至少两个阶段进行充气分散的装置,尤其用于如对纸浆悬浮液进行脱墨浮选的装置,其特征在于,在每个阶段(P1,P2,P3,P4)中设有一个单独的灌浆机(2),并且该灌浆机与一个指定的泵相连以形成一个液体循环系统(1)。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,在浮选槽(P1,P2,P3,P4)隔壁(10)的底层处中设有开口。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的装置,其特征在于,在每个浮选槽中设有溢出通道,并且该通道通过一条收集汇流管(3)与一个收集容器(4)相连。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,设有至少一个次级浮选槽(S1,S2)来处理来自主级浮选槽(P1,P2,P3,P4)中的溢出物并且把其接受物送到第一主级浮选槽(P1)中,该次级浮选槽(S1,S2)具有一条与收集容器(4)相连的连接管。
11.如权利要求7或8所述的装置,其特征在于,在一个塔中设置有至少两个浮选槽(P1,P2)。
12.如权利要求7至9任一所述的装置,其特征在于,至少三个浮选槽(P1,P2,P3)被结合以形成一个环形浮选设备。
13.如权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,在每个浮选槽(P1,P2,P3,P4)中设有几个灌浆机(2)。
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