Summary of the invention
In order to delay pesticide resistance generation and the development of pathogen, the invention discloses a kind of bactericidal composition, preparation of compositions and application that contains flumorph and Famoxate to above-mentioned two kinds of new type bactericides.
Have now found that the use that is mixed of flumorph and Famoxate has very obvious synergistic effect, have significance to improve, and can enlarge fungicidal spectrum, delay the drug-fast generation of pathogen the control efficiency of corps diseases.
The present invention proposes a kind of bactericidal composition of newtype, contain two kinds of Fungicidal active substances of flumorph and Famoxate in said composition, flumorph and Famoxate are 1: 100 to 100: 1 based on the ratio of weight and number of active component.The ratio that two active components are suitable is 1: 20 to 20: 1.
Active component is 0.5% to 95% of a gross weight in the bactericidal composition of the present invention.The amount that contains active component in the microbicide compositions of the present invention depends on the amount of application when every kind of component is used separately, also depends on the ratio of a kind of component and another kind of component and the degree of synergistic effect.
Contain at least two kinds of carriers in the bactericidal composition of the present invention.Carrier can be solid or liquid, and the carrier that is generally used for preparing microbicide compositions all can use.
The present composition can be mixed with missible oil, suspending agent, (water) emulsion, dust agent, wetting powder, (aqueous dispersion) granule, fumicants, soluble powder, dry suspending agent, microemulsion, microcapsules, paste, also can use the solution and the powder that are included in the polymer capsule, as flood the natural or synthetic material or the carrier of active substance.These preparations can be prepared by method in common, for example, active substance is mixed with liquid flux and/or solid carrier, add surfactant such as emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizing agent, wetting agent simultaneously, can also add adhesive, defoamer, oxidant, dyestuff.
The present invention also comprises the method for preparing above-mentioned bactericidal composition.If water is as thinner, organic solvent also can be used as secondary solvent or stabilizing agent and antifreezing agent.The organic solvent that is fit to comprises aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, chloro aliphatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, particularly suitable be polar solvent, for example isopropyl alcohol, butanols, ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine, sorbierite, phenmethylol, furfuryl alcohol and cyclohexanol, and acetone, MEK, methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK), cyclohexanone, butyrolactone, simultaneously, also have vegetable oil and the molten fiber of methyl.
Agriculturally useful compositions is mixed with various preparations usually, is diluted before use or directly use by the user.Exist a spot of supporting surfactant to help dilution in the preparation.Therefore, at least a carrier is a surfactant in the composition of the present invention.Surfactant can be emulsifier, dispersant or wetting agent; Can be nonionic or ionic.For example, lauryl sodium sulfate, Teepol, neopelex; Polyoxyethylene fatty acid fat, polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene fatty amine, or directly use commercially available emulsifier: agricultural newborn 0201B, agricultural newborn 0203B etc.Material as dispersant and wetting agent has: sodium lignin sulfonate, draw back powder, calcium lignosulfonate, and sldium lauryl sulfate, alkylol polyoxyethylene groups ether sodium sulfate, octylphenol polyethylene oxyethylene group ether sulfate, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether formaldehyde condensation products sulphate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, neopelex etc.
Adhesive; can be for example carbonyl methylol, polyvinyl alcohol or the polyvinyl acetate that synthesize or natural water-soluble polymer for example xanthans, gelatin, gum Arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, aluminium-magnesium silicate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, phenolic resins, shellac, carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate etc., add in the preparation with powder, particle or latex form.
Defoamer is: bubble enemy, silicone, C
8~10Fatty alcohol, phosphoric acid ester, C
10~20Saturated fat acids (as capric acid) and acid amides etc.
Oxidant is: potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate etc.
The solid carrier that is fit to comprises natural or synthetic clay and silicate, is applicable to that the solid carrier of pulvis comprises rock dust, chalk, quartz, clay, imvite, silica, diatomite, float stone, gypsum, talcum, bentonite, kaolin, the potter's clay of natural formation and for example microdispersed silicic acid of the mineral matter that grinds or the aluminium oxide that synthesizes; The particulate vector that is fit to comprises broken and natural rock classification for example calcite, marble, float stone, sepiolite and dolomite and the synthetic particle made by the powder of organic matter and inorganic matter.
According to the preparation type of composition, solid pharmaceutical preparation contains 5% to 85% active substance by weight, preferably is 10-80%; Liquid preparation contains 1-70% active substance by weight; Suspension preparation contains the active substance of 10-60% by weight.Below all percentage compositions all by weight.
Missible oil contains the 10-50% active component usually, also contains other additive of solvent (also containing cosolvent when needed), 2-20% emulsifier and 0-20%, for example stabilizing agent, bleeding agent and corrosion inhibitor.Wetting powder contains the active component of 10-85% usually, except solid inert carrier, contains the dispersant of 3-10% usually, can also contain stabilizing agent and/or other additive of 0-10%, for example bleeding agent or sticker.(water dispersible) granule is made 10-100 international standard sieve mesh (1.676-0.152mm) particle usually, can be by reuniting or soaking into the method preparation.Usually granule contains the active component of 0.5-75% and additive, for example stabilizing agent, surfactant, slow release regulator and the adhesive of 0-10%.Suspending agent need stir usually, to obtain stable non-deposition flowable product, it contains the active component of 10-75% usually, the dispersant of 0.5-15%, the 0.1-10% thixotropic agent, other additive of 0-10% is defoamer, corrosion inhibitor, stabilizing agent, bleeding agent and sticker for example, water or organic liquid, and wherein active component is undissolved basically.Some organic solid or mineral salt can be dissolved in the preparation, to help preventing deposition or as antifreezing agent.Moisture dispersion liquid and emulsion, for example the composition that obtains of dilute with water wetting powder of the present invention or concentrate also within the scope of the invention.Above-mentioned emulsion can be water-in-oil type or oil-in-water type, can have dense thick pulpous state denseness.Fumicants contains the 10-15% active component usually, also contains wood powder, oxygenate, fire retardant, combustion adjuvant etc.
The present composition can be the finished product preparation form to be provided, and promptly each material mixes in the composition; But the composition of composition also can provide with independent preparation, directly mixes in bucket (jar) before using.Concentrate of the present invention mixes the concentration that obtains required active substance usually with water.
Composition of the present invention can be used for preventing and treating the disease that is caused various plants by the Oomycete pathogen, as wheat, paddy rice, grape, strawberry, cucumber, custard squash, capsicum, pimento, eggplant, tomato, Kidney bean, cowpea, leek, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, sunflower, lichee, tobacco, rubber and some flowers, traditional Chinese medicine, lawn etc.The place of using of the product that composition of the present invention and carrier are made is farmland, orchard or warehouse etc.
Composition of the present invention also can with other compound with weeding, desinsection or bactericidal property particularly protective fungicide mix use, also can mix use with nematocide, protective agent, growth regulator, nutrient for plants or soil conditioner.
The present invention comprises that also a kind of scene kills the method for fungi, before or after crop and/or fruit are susceptible, uses composition of the present invention to the place of crop and/or fruit and growth or storage.Can use by common method, as cast, injection, spraying, dusting, distribution.Amount of application of the present invention is with weather condition or crop state variation.The duration of protective effect is usually relevant with the content of individualized compound in the composition, also relevant with extraneous factor, weather for example, but by using suitable formulation can slow down climatic influences.
Composition of the present invention also possesses following advantage: the one, and composition shows fabulous synergistic effect in certain ratio range, mixed composition has obviously improved bactericidal effect than its single agent, thereby reduced using dosage, when reducing peasant's drug cost, reduced influence degree.The 2nd, enlarged fungicidal spectrum, a kind of medicament can be prevented and treated the various crop disease simultaneously, a kind of means of prevention extremely easily and effectively is provided, the downy mildew of various plants such as cereal, vegetables, fruit tree, lawn and tropical crop, eqpidemic disease, powdery mildew, rust, glume blight, leaf spot, black rot, fruit rot, damping off etc. are all had good control efficiency, and the characteristic of medicament has obtained extremely strong mutual supplement with each other's advantages.
Embodiment
Following instantiation further describes the present invention, but the present invention is limited to these examples absolutely not.Percentage all is weight percentage in the proportioning of all preparations; The treatment dosage of biologically-active moiety is effective content.
Preparation of compositions and biologically active example
1, the preparation of missible oil
By the prescription requirement, add solvent, former medicine, emulsifier respectively, mix, use the hot bath heating for dissolving in case of necessity, promptly obtain transparence missible oil.As example 1~3 prescription.
Embodiment 1 (20% missible oil)
Flumorph 10%, Famoxate 10%, farming breast 500
#7.5%, agricultural newborn 600-2
#4.5%, methyl alcohol 8%, dimethylbenzene complements to 100%.
Embodiment 2 (30% missible oil)
Flumorph 20%, Famoxate 10%, farming breast 500
#10%, agricultural newborn OX-6355%, methyl alcohol 10%, dimethylbenzene complements to 100%.
Embodiment 3 (50% missible oil)
Flumorph 2.5%, Famoxate 47.5%, farming breast 500
#15%, agricultural newborn OX-635 5%, methyl alcohol 15%, dimethylbenzene complements to 100%.
2, the preparation of wetting powder
By the prescription requirement, former medicine, various auxiliary agent and filler etc. are fully mixed, after ultrafine crusher is pulverized, promptly obtain converted products.As example 4~6 prescriptions
Embodiment 4 (25% wetting powder)
Flumorph 12.5%, Famoxate 12.5%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1.5%, to tertbutyl ether 2%, sodium lignin sulfonate 8%, precipitated calcium carbonate complements to 100%.
Embodiment 5 (30% wetting powder)
Flumorph 20%, Famoxate 10%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1.5%, carboxymethyl cellulose 1%, sodium lignin sulfonate 10%, precipitated calcium carbonate complements to 100%.
Embodiment 6 (50% wetting powder)
Flumorph 30%, Famoxate 20%, neopelex 2%, white carbon black 10%, naphtholsulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation products sodium salt 10%, precipitated calcium carbonate complements to 100%.
3, the preparation of aqueous emulsion
Former medicine, solvent, emulsifier added with co-emulsifier be in the same place, make and be dissolved into even oil phase.Water, antifreeze etc. is mixed, becomes the homogeneous water.Under high-speed stirred, water is joined oil phase or oil phase is joined water, form the aqueous emulsion of favorable dispersibility.As example 7~8 prescriptions.
Embodiment 7 (15% aqueous emulsion)
Flumorph 10%, Famoxate 5%, polyvinyl alcohol 0.8%, in triphenylethylene phenol+oxirane, the phosphorylation triethanolamine and 8.5%, alkyl-diethylene glycol ether-sodium sulfonate 2.5%, farming breast 2,201 13%, dimethyl formamide 8%, ethylene glycol 5%, water complements to 100%.
Embodiment 8 (20% aqueous emulsion)
Flumorph 10%, Famoxate 10%, polyvinyl alcohol 0.9%, alkylaryl polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 8.5%, farming breast 2,201 15%, dimethyl formamide 12%, ethylene glycol 5%, water complements to 100%.
4, the preparation of water-dispersible granules
Former medicine and powder carrier, wetting spreader-sticker and binding agent etc. are mixed pulverizing, after adding water again and mediating, add in the comminutor that the certain specification screen cloth is housed and carry out granulation.And then drying, screening (pressing the screen cloth scope) promptly get granular product.As example 9~11 prescriptions.
Embodiment 9 (50% water-dispersible granules)
Flumorph 25%, Famoxate 25%, methanonaphthalene sodium sulfonate 5%, epoxidized polyether 5%, sodium sulphate 15%, gypsum complements to 100%.
Embodiment 10 (52.5% water-dispersible granules)
Flumorph 50%, Famoxate 2.5%, methanonaphthalene sodium sulfonate 7%, epoxidized polyether 5%, sodium sulphate 15%, gypsum complements to 100%.
Embodiment 11 (60% water-dispersible granules)
Flumorph 35%, Famoxate 25%, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 12%, epoxidized polyether 5%, soluble starch 15%, gypsum complements to 100%.
5, the preparation of suspending agent
By the prescription requirement, be medium with water, former medicine, dispersant, suspending agent and antifreezing agent etc. are added in the sand milling still, carry out porphyrize, make suspending agent.As example 12~14 prescriptions.
Embodiment 12 (25% suspending agent)
Flumorph 10%, Famoxate 15%, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 5.5%, white carbon black 0.2%, aluminium-magnesium silicate 0.18%, ethylene glycol 4%, silicone a little, water complements to 100%.
Embodiment 13 (35% suspending agent)
Flumorph 22.5%, Famoxate 12.5%, calcium lignosulfonate 5%, white carbon black 0.3%, ethylene glycol 4%, bubble opposes a little, and water complements to 100%.
Embodiment 14 (45% suspending agent)
Flumorph 5%, Famoxate 40%, calcium lignosulfonate 6%, white carbon black 0.3%, ethylene glycol 6%, tributyl phosphate a little, water complements to 100%.
6, the preparation of fumicants
By the prescription requirement, former medicine, wood powder, combustion adjuvant, oxygenate, fire retardant are carried out mixed pressuring plate, make fumicants.
Embodiment 15 (15% fumicants)
Flumorph 10%, Famoxate 5%, potassium nitrate 20%, talcum powder 15%, ammonium chloride 10%, wood powder complements to 100%.
Embodiment 16 (35% fumicants)
Flumorph 15%, Famoxate 20%, potassium chlorate 20%, talcum powder 15%, ammonium chloride 15%, wood powder complements to 100%.
7, biologically active
Field efficacy test grading standard is carried out the grade scale classification record of medicine inspecting institute of the Ministry of Agriculture " agricultural chemicals field trial criterion ", calculates control efficiency with disease index.
Embodiment 17 bacteriostatic activities (capsicum epidemic disease)
Measure the fungistatic effect of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and example 1 in the toxic dielectric method of indoor employing to capsicum epidemic disease.Test method: add quantitative pharmacy respectively in the PDA medium, cool off back inoculation Phytophthora capsici (P.capsici Leonian), cultivate 24 ℃ of unglazed photographs under the condition inoculation back, cultivates and carried out result's investigation in 96 hours.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 18 bacteriostatic activities (potato late blight)
Measure the fungistatic effect of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and example 5 in the toxic dielectric method of indoor employing to potato late blight.Test method: add quantitative pharmacy respectively in the PDA medium, cool off back inoculation phytophthora infestans (P.infestans de Bary), cultivate 24 ℃ of unglazed photographs under the condition inoculation back, cultivates and carried out result's investigation in 72 hours.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 19 bacteriostatic activities (cucumber downy mildew)
Measure the fungistatic effect of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and example 7 in indoor employing plate blade method to cucumber downy mildew.Test method: cucumber leaves is put into the culture dish processing of preserving moisture, and by the design dosage spray medicament respectively, inoculate bacterium of downy mildew of cucumber (P.cubensis) pathogen after 24 hours, result's investigation is carried out in the cultivation of preserving moisture in climatic cabinate after the inoculation after 6 days.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 20 disease-controlling effects (tomato late blight)
Adopt greenhouse seedling pot-culture method to measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 9 to tomato late blight.Tomato variety: hair powder 402, pathogen: tomato late blight (Phytophthora infestans); When the greenhouse pot culture tomato seedling is grown to tri-leaf period, on the crop sprayer, carry out foliar spray by design dosage and handle, inoculate pathogen after 24 hours, preserve moisture after the inoculation to cultivate and carry out result's investigation after 7 days.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 21 disease-controlling effects (downy mildew of garpe)
Adopt greenhouse pot culture to insert the skewer grape seedling, measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 12 downy mildew of garpe.Grape variety: huge rich, pathogen: downy mildew of garpe (Plasmopara viticola); When the slotting skewer grape seedling in greenhouse grows to 3~4 leaves, select the blade of 2 growth uniformities, carry out foliar spray by design dosage on the crop sprayer and handle, inoculate pathogen after 24 hours, the cultivation of preserving moisture after the inoculation is carried out the result and is investigated after 7 days.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 22 disease-controlling effects (capsicum epidemic disease)
Adopt greenhouse seedling pot-culture method to measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 6 to capsicum epidemic disease.Capsicum variety: the ears of an ox or cow king, pathogen: capsicum epidemic disease (Phytophthora capsici); The greenhouse pot culture pepper seedling grows to full-bloom stage, carries out foliar spray by design dosage on the crop sprayer and handles, and inoculates pathogen after 24 hours, preserves moisture after the inoculation and handles 24 hours, places in the phytotron then and cultivates, and carries out result's investigation after 12 days.
Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 23 disease-controlling effects (cucumber downy mildew)
Adopt greenhouse seedling pot-culture method to measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 10 to cucumber downy mildew.Cucumber variety: the close thorn in Xintai City, pathogen: cucumber downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis); The greenhouse pot culture cucumber seedling grows to the open and flat phase of 2 leaves, carries out foliar spray by design dosage on the crop sprayer and handles, and inoculates pathogen after 24 hours, preserves moisture after the inoculation and handles 24 hours, places in the phytotron then and cultivates, and carries out result's investigation after 7 days.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 24 field sub-district control efficiency (cucumber downy mildew)
In greenhouse by solar heat, measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 2 to cucumber downy mildew.Cucumber variety: the close thorn in Xintai City, pathogen: cucumber downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis); April in spring, dispenser when field first meeting scab, spray medicine 3 times, interval 7 days, 7 days investigation preventive effects after the dispenser for the third time.
Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 25 field sub-district control efficiency (tomato late blight)
In greenhouse by solar heat, measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 3 to tomato late blight.Tomato variety: hair powder 402, pathogen: tomato late blight (Phytophthora infestans); In the late March in spring, dispenser when field first meeting scab, spray medicine 4 times, 7 days at interval, 7 days investigation preventive effects after the 4th dispenser.
Test result is as follows:
Sub-district, embodiment 26 field control efficiency (lichee frost epidemic disease is mould)
In the preparation of field test flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 13 control efficiency to peronophythora litchi.The lichee kind: March is red, pathogen: lichee frost epidemic disease mould (Peronophythora litchic); Dispenser when lichee field first meeting scab, spray medicine 3 times, 7 days at interval, 8 days investigation preventive effects after the 3rd dispenser.Test result is as follows:
Embodiment 27 field sub-district control efficiency (potato late blight)
Under field condition, measure the control efficiency of the preparation of flumorph, Famoxate and embodiment 14 to potato late blight.Tomato variety: rather educate 018, pathogen: potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans); In late May in spring, dispenser when field first meeting scab, spray medicine 4 times, 7 days at interval, 7 days investigation preventive effects after the 4th dispenser.Test result is as follows: