CN1311572C - Container for fuel cell and fuel cell and electronic machine - Google Patents

Container for fuel cell and fuel cell and electronic machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1311572C
CN1311572C CNB2004100118669A CN200410011866A CN1311572C CN 1311572 C CN1311572 C CN 1311572C CN B2004100118669 A CNB2004100118669 A CN B2004100118669A CN 200410011866 A CN200410011866 A CN 200410011866A CN 1311572 C CN1311572 C CN 1311572C
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
container
lid
matrix
recess
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2004100118669A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1601781A (en
Inventor
菅井广一朗
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Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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Publication of CN1601781A publication Critical patent/CN1601781A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/30—Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The purpose of this invention is to provide a container for a fuel cell, and the fuel cell used for a portable electronic apparatus capable of housing an electrolyte member, small and strong, equalizing gas supply, making temperature gradient inside the container uniform, capable of conducting efficient electrical connection and efficient power generation, and enhancing reliability. The container for the fuel cell has a substrate 6 having a recessed part having a first and second electrodes 4, 5 and housing an electrolyte member 3; a first fluid passage 8 formed from the bottom surface of the recessed part to the outer surface of the substrate 6; a first wiring conductor 10 whose one end is installed on the bottom surface of the recessed part and the other end is taken out to the outer surface of the substrate 6; a cover 7 fit to the the peripheral upper part of the recessed part of the substrate 6; a second fluid passage 9 formed from the lower surface to the outer surface of the cover 7; a second fluid passage 9 formed from the lower surface to the outer surface of the cover 7; and a second wiring conductor 11 whose one end is installed on the lower surface of the cover 7 and the other end is taken out to the outer surface of the cover 7. At least one of the bottom surface of the recessed part of the substrate 6 and the lower surface of the cover 7 is warped so as to project to the electrolyte member 3 side.

Description

Fuel cell is with container and fuel cell and e-machine
Technical field
The fuel cell of the small-sized and high reliability of being made by pottery that the present invention relates to receive the dress electrolytic component is with container and use its fuel cell and e-machine.
Background technology
In recent years, very active for the exploitation of the small fuel cell that moves under than lower in the past temperature.In fuel cell, according to use therein electrolytical kind, the known battery that solid macromolecular electrolyte type fuel cell (Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell: following note is made PEFC) and phosphoric acid type fuel cell is arranged or be called solid electrolyte fuel cell.
Wherein, the PEFC operating temperature reaches the low temperature about 80～100 ℃, has following advantage,
(1) output density height can miniaturization, lightweight.
(2) because electrolyte is a non-aggressive, and operating temperature is low, therefore considers from the corrosion resistance aspect, and is less to the restriction of battery constituent material, reduces so realize cost easily.
(3) owing to can start at normal temperatures, so the starting time is short.
So, PEFC makes full use of above advantage, be not only applicable to for motor vehicle driving power or home-use cogeneration of heat and power (cogeneration) etc., and can consider to be output as the power supply that e-machine is used that carries of several W～tens of W as portable phone, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), notebook computer, digital camera or video camera etc.
PEFC for example has fuel electrodes (negative electrode) that the carbon electrode by the catalyst particles that has adhered to platinum or platinum-ruthenium etc. constitutes haply, the air pole (anode) that is made of the carbon electrode of the catalyst particles that has adhered to platinum etc., the electrolytic component (following note is made electrolytic component) that is plugged in the film like between fuel electrodes and the air pole.Here, supply with the hydrogen (H that extracts out through modification portion to fuel electrodes 2), on the other hand, the oxygen (O in air pole supply atmosphere 2).So promptly utilize electrochemical reaction to generate specific electric energy (generating), generate the electric energy that becomes driving power (voltage/current) with respect to load.
Specifically, when to fuel electrodes hydrogen supply (H 2) time, shown in the chemical equation described as follows (1), utilize described catalyst to produce electronics (e -) hydrogen ion (proton that separates; H +), by the air pole side, simultaneously, take out electronics (e through electrolytic component by the carbon electrode that constitutes fuel electrodes -), supply with to load.
... (1)
On the other hand, when to the air pole air supply, shown in the chemical equation described as follows (2), utilize described catalyst, passed through the electronics (e of load -), passed through the hydrogen ion (H of electrolytic component +) and airborne oxygen (O 2) reaction, generate water (H 2O)).
... (2)
The a series of electrochemical reaction of this kind (formula (1) and formula (2)) approximately is to carry out under the temperature conditions of 80～100 ℃ lower temperature, and the accessory substance beyond the electric energy only is water (H basically 2O).
The ion-conducting membrane (exchange membrane) that constitutes electrolytic component is known as cation-exchange membrane, fluorine carbon sulfonic acid and the poly-inclined to one side fluorine 1 with sulfonic polystyrene type, the hybrid films of 1-difluoroethylene, in fluorocarbons with the trifluoro-ethylene grafting material etc., recently, use perfluorocarbon sulfonate film (for example trade name " Nafion ", E.I.Du Pont Company's system) etc.
Fig. 4 represents the formation of fuel cell (PEFC) in the past with profile.In figure, 21 is PEFC, 23 is electrolytic component, 24 and 25 for being configured on the electrolytic component 23 according to the mode of clamping electrolytic component and being had one-to-many pore electrod as the function of gas diffusion layers and catalyst layer, be fuel electrodes and air pole, 26 is gas diaphragm, and 28 is fuel flow path, and 29 is air flow circuit.
Gas diaphragm 26 is made of laminate part and gas inflow and outflow frame, separation fuel flow path 28 and the diaphragm portion of air flow circuit 29, the electrode that disposes accordingly with fuel electrodes 24 electrolytic component 23 and air pole 25 that be provided with according to the mode that runs through this diaphragm portion of the profile that forms gas diaphragm 26.The fuel electrodes 24 of electrolytic component 23, air pole 25 are pressed from both sides trapping body barrier film 26 and stacked multilayer according to electricity series connection and/or mode in parallel, formation is as the fuel battery of the least unit of battery, and it is general PEFC that this fuel battery is received the structure that is loaded in the casing.
Pass the fuel flow path 28 that is formed on the gas diaphragm 26 from modification device, supply with the fuel gas (being rich in the gas of hydrogen) that contains steam to fuel electrodes 24, in addition, from atmosphere, pass the air that air flow circuit 29 is supplied with as oxidizing gas to air pole 25, utilize the chemical reaction generating in the electrolytic component 23.
As correlation technique, there is the spy to open 2001-266910 communique and special table 2001-507501 communique.
But, battery as this kind high voltage, high power capacity, the fuel cell 21 that proposed and developed in the past be have battery pack structure and composed component by the large tracts of land change big weight and large-scale battery, consider as yet basically as the utilization of the fuel cell of compact battery in the past.
That is, in the gas diaphragm in the past 26 of this kind fuel cell 21, following problem is arranged.Promptly, at using gases barrier film 26 and stacked in the laminated body of electrolytic component 23, because expose to the outside side of electrolytic component 23, therefore since the whereabouts when carrying etc. sustain damage easily, thereby the reliability problems of the machinery that is difficult to guarantee fuel cell 21 integral body is arranged.
In addition, for fuel cell-equipped 21 in carrying e-machine, the good fuel cell container of compactedness, simplicity, fail safe that just need be different with large-scale fuel in the past.That is, if will use as the compact power as general chemical cell, the time of rising for the temperature that will reach till the operating temperature shortens, and in addition, in order to reduce thermal capacity, is necessary fuel cell with container miniaturization, low thickization.But, in the fuel cell 21 in the past, the most gas diaphragm 26 that accounts for the ratio of thermal capacity particularly utilizes cut to form under the situations such as barrier film 26 of stream on the surface of carbon plate, owing to will become fragile when carrying out thin-walled property, therefore needs the thickness of several mm.So, the problem of be difficult to realize miniaturization in addition, hanging down thickization.
In addition, the output voltage of fuel cell 21 is by the dividing potential drop decision to each electrode 24,25 gas supplied at the table back side of electrolytic component 23.That is, before the fuel gas of supplying with to electrolytic component 23 is in gas flow path 28 and then when being consumed in electric power generation reaction, the dividing potential drop of the fuel gas on the face of fuel electrodes 24 will descend, output voltage decline.Identical with it, before air is in air flow circuit 19 and then when being consumed, the dividing potential drop of the oxygen on the face of air pole 25 also can descend, and output voltage descends.So, be necessary fueling gas equably.But the gas diaphragm 26 of fuel cell 21 in the past is owing to particularly utilize cut to form stream on the surface of carbon plate, and therefore when slimming, the groove of stream will narrow down.So it is big that flow path resistance becomes, thus the problem that has the gas that is difficult to realize homogeneous to supply with.
In addition, the combination of a plurality of electrolytic components 23 and the fuel electrodes of facing mutually with it 24, air pole 25 and gas diaphragm 26 is necessary by serial or parallel connection effectively at random, thereby can adjusts the output voltage and the output current of integral body.But, in the fuel cell 21 in the past, in order from the fuel electrodes of clamping electrolytic component 23 and air pole, to take out electric energy, have only the method for drawing, connecting to the outside or make gas diaphragm 26 overlap the method for series connection as conductive material, in small fuel cell, have the problem that is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes in view of technical problem in the past as above, its purpose is, provide the high fuel cell of reliability with container and use its fuel cell, this fuel cell can be received dress electrolytic component, small-sized and firm with container, and this fuel cell can be realized homogenization, the high efficiency electrical connection of the temperature distribution that the even supply, fuel cell container of gas is interior with container.
Fuel cell of the present invention has following feature with container, promptly, possess: the matrix of making by pottery that has the recess of receiving the dress electrolytic component the 1st side, wherein said electrolytic component has the 1st and the 2nd electrode respectively on the 1st interarea and the 2nd interarea, with the 1st fluid flowing path that forms to the outside of described matrix from the bottom surface of the described recess faced mutually with described the 1st interarea of described electrolytic component, be equipped on the bottom surface of the described recess of facing mutually with described the 1st electrode of described electrolytic component with an end and the 1st distribution conductor that the other end is derived to the outside of described matrix, with on the 1st around the described recess of described matrix, cover described recess and install, seal the lid of described recess airtightly, with the 1st the 2nd fluid flowing path that forms to the outside of described lid, be equipped on an end that the 1st of the described lid faced mutually with described the 2nd electrode of described electrolytic component goes up and the 2nd distribution conductor that the other end is derived to the outside of described lid from the described lid faced mutually with described the 2nd interarea of described electrolytic component; And at least one side of the 1st of the bottom surface of the recess of described matrix and described lid is according to the mode warpage of protruding to described electrolytic component side.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that in the described matrix, the height between the edge part of the summit of the warpage of the bottom surface of described recess and the bottom surface of described recess is 10 to 150 μ m.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that in the described lid, the height between the summit of described the 1st warpage of described lid and described the 1st edge part is 10 to 150 μ m.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that at least one side's bending strength of described matrix and described lid is more than 200MPa.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that at least one side of described matrix and described lid uses by relative density and forms at the aluminum oxide sintered body that the compact substance more than 95% constitutes.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that at least one side's of described matrix and described lid thickness is 0.2mm to 5mm.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that described the 1st distribution conductor is outstanding from the bottom surface of the described recess of described matrix.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that described the 2nd distribution conductor is outstanding from the 1st of described lid.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that, at least one side of described the 1st fluid flowing path and described the 2nd fluid flowing path, there are a plurality of streams in its aperture more than 0.1mm and by certain arranged spaced.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that at least one side of described the 1st fluid flowing path and described the 2nd fluid flowing path wall within it is coated with hygroscopic material.
Among the present invention, it is characterized in that the thickness of described hygroscopic material is that mode below 10% is set up according to the shared sectional area of described hygroscopic material with respect to the aperture area of the cross section of described the 1st fluid flowing path and described the 2nd fluid flowing path.
The present invention is the fuel cell with following feature, that is, is included in and has the 1st and the 2nd electrolyte of electrodes member, described fuel cell container on the 1st interarea and the 2nd interarea respectively,
Receive at described fuel cell and to adorn described electrolytic component with the described recess of container, according between described the 1st interarea of described electrolytic component and described the 1st fluid flowing path and between described the 2nd interarea and described the 2nd fluid flowing path of described electrolytic component, the mode that fluid separately can circulate disposes described the 1st interarea and the 2nd interarea, simultaneously, described the 1st electrode is electrically connected with described the 1st distribution conductor, described the 2nd electrode is electrically connected with described the 2nd distribution conductor, on the 1st around the described recess of described matrix, covers described recess described lid is installed.
The feature of e-machine of the present invention is as power supply, to have described fuel cell.
According to the present invention, fuel cell possesses with container: side has the matrix of being made by pottery of the recess of receiving the dress electrolytic component on the one hand, wherein said electrolytic component has the 1st and the 2nd electrode respectively and is covering recess and the lid that seals recess that is mounted on the one side around the recess of this matrix airtightly on one side and the opposing party's interarea.Therefore, by with fuel cell with sealing in the container airtightly, just do not have the leakage of fluids such as gas, except this container, just do not need to be provided with containers such as packing box.Like this, just can obtain the fuel cell that can efficient moves goodly, simultaneously also effective aspect miniaturization.In addition, adorn a plurality of electrolytic components and form fuel cell owing to can in the casing that forms by matrix and lid, receiving, wherein said matrix has recess in the above and is made by pottery, described lid seals this recess, therefore, expose and situation about sustaining damage to the outside of container with regard to not having electrolytic component, the reliability of the cell integrated machinery that acts as a fuel improves.In addition, owing to except an end is equipped on the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor of the internal tank that is made of recess and lid, need not carry out useless electrically contacting, therefore can obtain reliability and safe fuel cell with electrolytic component self.In addition, act as a fuel battery with the constituent material of container, can obtain for the fuel cell of excellent corrosion resistance that with all gases is the fluid of representative by using pottery.
In addition, possesses the 2nd fluid flowing path that the 1st fluid flowing path that forms to the outside of matrix from the bottom surface of the recess faced mutually with side's interarea of electrolytic component, the outside from the one side of the lid faced mutually with the opposing party's interarea of electrolytic component to lid form.So,, therefore just can make even supply raising to the fluid of electrolytic component supply because a plurality of each fluid flowing path are located at respectively on the internal face that folder faces respectively mutually every electrolytic component.Utilize this kind fluid path, owing to fluid flows perpendicular to electrolytic component, therefore be under the situation of hydrogen and air (oxygen) for example at fluid, following effect will be arranged, promptly, each partial pressure that the 1st and the 2nd electrode that is had respectively on downside and upside interarea to electrolytic component is supplied with can not descend, and can obtain specific stable output voltage.In addition since the pressure of the fluid supplied with for example partial pressure is stable, so fuel cell is homogenized with the distribution of the internal temperature of container, consequently, the thermal stress that can suppress to produce on the electrolytic component can improve the reliability of fuel cell.In addition, each fluid flowing path is formed on matrix and the lid.So the seal of each stream is good, do not have owing to originally should be on stream being mixed the situation of the function that causes the battery of to realize acting as a fuel by isolated 2 kinds of material flows (for example oxygen and hydrogen or methyl alcohol etc.).In addition, owing to there not being the at high temperature mixed back of flammable fluid to produce the danger of catching fire, exploding, therefore can provide safe fuel cell.
Fuel cell of the present invention is with in the container, and following at least one side of the bottom surface of the recess of matrix and lid is according to the mode warpage of protruding to the electrolytic component side.So, when the peripheral part that makes matrix and lid engages, can apply at the 1st and the 2nd electrode under the state of elevated pressures and make the contact of the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor to electrolytic component.Like this, will reduce the situation that between the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor and the 1st and the 2nd electrode, produces noncontact portion effectively, they can be electrically connected well.Consequently, can reduce resistance and improve generating efficiency, simultaneously, not need the position beyond the peripheral part of matrix and lid to apply the more load that is used for crimping the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor and the 1st and the 2nd electrode.Like this, just can prevent from effectively to cause the situation that cracks on container or break etc. at fuel cell by being applied to unnecessary load on matrix or the lid.
According to the present invention, fuel cell is adorned electrolytic component at fuel cell of the present invention with receiving in the recess of container, according between side's interarea of this electrolytic component and the 1st fluid flowing path and between the opposing party's interarea and the 2nd fluid flowing path of electrolytic component, the mode that fluid separately can exchange disposes a side and the opposing party's interarea, simultaneously, the 1st electrode is electrically connected with the 1st distribution conductor, the 2nd electrode is electrically connected with the 2nd distribution conductor, on the one side around the recess of matrix, covers recess and lid is installed.So, just can obtain the high fuel cell of reliability, this fuel cell has as above fuel cell of the present invention with the advantage of container and small-sized, firmly, and can realize the even supply of gas, homogenization, the high efficiency electrical connection of the temperature distribution in the fuel cell container.
According to the present invention, because e-machine has fuel cell of the present invention as power supply, therefore just can obtain to have the small-sized, low thick of advantage that utilization fuel cell of the present invention as above produces with container and can fail safe and the good e-machine of convenience that move steady in a long-term.
In addition, in the fuel cell that has as power supply, when at least one side of matrix and lid possesses outside terminal for connecting (positive terminal and negative terminal), just can easily be electrically connected with the circuit substrate of e-machine, it is free that dismounting becomes.So, need not utilize facility with special safety means etc., just can easily fuel cell be replaced by new battery, thereby the convenience of e-machine is improved.
In addition, owing to can form metal level with the inner utilization method for metallising of the matrix of container etc. with different shape, electrical characteristic at fuel cell, the therefore electronic circuit component that just can play a role as resistance or electric capacity, impedance etc. in the formation of the inside of matrix.So, for example owing to form jumbo capacitor abreast, and when making the electric current of from fuel cell, exporting become not enough state, just can replenish not enough current segment and guarantee the electric current supply corresponding with the target output current with fuel cell.In addition, owing to can form booster circuit, therefore just can guarantee the necessary voltage of e-machine.
Description of drawings
Purpose of the present invention, characteristic and advantage can be known understanding from following detailed description and accompanying drawing.
Figure 1A and Figure 1B are that expression is used to make the process chart that the fuel cell that has used an embodiment of the invention is used the fuel cell of container.
Fig. 2 is that the profile of the fuel cell of another embodiment of the invention with the fuel cell of container used in expression.
Fig. 3 is that the profile of the fuel cell of another embodiment of the invention with other examples of the execution mode of the fuel cell of container used in expression.
Fig. 4 is the profile of fuel cell in the past.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings suitable embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
Figure 1A and Figure 1B are that expression is used to make the process chart that the fuel cell that has used an embodiment of the invention is used the fuel cell of container, Figure 1A receives electrolytic component to be contained in fuel cell of the present invention with the profile before in the container, and Figure 1B is a profile of receiving the fuel cell of the present invention of adorning electrolytic component and forming at fuel cell in container.Among Figure 1A and Figure 1B, 1 is fuel cell, and 2 are the fuel cell container, and 3 is electrolytic component, and 4 is the 1st electrode, and 5 is the 2nd electrode, and 6 is matrix, and 7 is lid, and 8 is the 1st fluid flowing path, and 9 is the 2nd fluid flowing path, and 10 is the 1st distribution conductor, and 11 is the 2nd distribution conductor.
Electrolytic component 3 of the present invention for example on two interareas of ion-conducting membrane (exchange membrane), is integrally formed the fuel electrodes (not shown) that becomes anode side electrode, the air pole (not shown) that becomes the cathode side electrode.The 1st electrode 4 is on the downside interarea as side's interarea of electrolytic component 3, by according to forming with mode that fuel electrodes is faced mutually.The 2nd electrode 5 is on the upside interarea as the opposing party's interarea of electrolytic component 3, by according to forming with mode that air pole is faced mutually.In addition, formation can make the electric current that is produced by electrolytic component 3 to the 1st electrode the 4, the 2nd electrode 5 structures mobile and that export to the outside.
The ion-conducting membrane of this kind electrolytic component 3 (exchange membrane) by the perfluorocarbon sulfonate resin for example the ion exchange resin of trade name " Nafion " proton-conductings such as (E.I.Du Pont Company's systems) constitute.In addition, fuel electrodes and air be the gas-diffusion electrode of porous state very, is the electrode that has the function of porous catalyst layer and gas diffusion layers concurrently.These fuel electrodes and air pole for example by the hydrophobic resin binding agent that utilizes polytetrafluoroethylene and so on kept electrically conductive microparticle for example the porous body of carbon particulate constitute, this electrically conductive microparticle has supported platinum, palladium or their catalyst such as alloy.
The 1st electrode 4 of the downside interarea of electrolytic component 3 and the 2nd electrode 5 of upside interarea can form with following method, that is, the method for the carbon electrode hot pressing that will adhere to catalyst particles such as platinum or platinum-ruthenium on electrolytic component 3, will adhere to the carbon electrode material of catalyst particles such as platinum or platinum-ruthenium and disperseed electrolyte solution the mixture coating or be transferred to method on the electrolyte etc.
Fuel cell is made of matrix 6 that has recess on the upper face side as the one side side and lid 7 with container 2, has electrolytic component 3 is equipped on the inside of recess and the effect that seals airtightly, by aluminium oxide (Al 2O 3) based sintered material, mullite (3Al 2O 32SiO 2) based sintered material, carborundum (SiC) based sintered material, aluminium nitride (AlN) based sintered material, silicon nitride (Si 3N 4) ceramic materials such as based sintered material, glass ceramics sintered body form.
And the glass ceramics sintered body is made of glass ingredient and filler composition, as glass ingredient, for example can enumerate SiO 2-B 2O 3Class, SiO 2-B 2O 3-Al 2O 3Class, SiO 2-B 2O 3-Al 2O 3-MO class (wherein, M represents Ca, Sr, Mg, Ba or Zn), SiO 2-Al 2O 3-M 1O-M 2O class (wherein, M 1And M 2Identical or different, expression Ca, Sr, Mg, Ba or Zn), SiO 2-B 2O 3-Al 2O 3-M 1O-M 2O class (wherein, M 1And M 2With described identical), SiO 2-B 2O 3-M 3 2O class (wherein, M 3Expression Li, Na or K), SiO 2-B 2O 3-Al 2O 3-M 3 2O class (wherein, M 3With described identical), Pb class glass, Bi class glass etc.
In addition, as the filler composition, for example can enumerate Al 2O 3, SiO 2, ZrO 2Composite oxides, TiO with alkaline-earth metals oxide 2With the composite oxides of alkaline-earth metals oxide, contain from Al 2O 3And SiO 2Middle at least a kind the composite oxides of selecting (for example spinelle, mullite, cordierite) etc.
Fuel cell is made of matrix 6 with recess and lid 7 with container 2.Around the recess of matrix 6, lid 7 is installed is come recess is carried out sealing airtightly by covering recess.Particularly, utilization is with the joint of metal bond materials such as scolding tin or silver solder, with the joint of resin materials such as epoxy resin, joint, is installed in lid 7 on the matrix 6 with stitching method that weldering or electron beam, laser etc. weld etc. with the sealing ring of making such as ferroalloy on around the recess.And, on lid 7, also can form the recess identical with matrix 6.
Matrix 6 and lid 7 for respectively with its reduced thickness, thereby can realize low thickization of fuel cell 1, be preferably in more than the 200MPa as the bending strength of mechanical strength.
Matrix 6 and lid 7 are the most handy to be formed at the aluminum oxide sintered body that the compact substance more than 95% constitutes by for example relative density.At this moment, for example, at first in alumina powder, add, mishmetal type oxide powder or sintering aid, adjust the material powder of aluminum oxide sintered body.Then, in the material powder of this aluminum oxide sintered body, add, mix organic binder bond and dispersant and form pastel, from this pastel, the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery is scraped in utilization, perhaps in material powder, add organic binder bond, utilize drawing, calendaring molding etc., make the undressed plate of specific thicknesses.After this, on this undressed plate, utilize the punch method of the blanking method that adopts mould, the punch method that adopts little brill, employing laser radiation etc., form as the through hole of the 1st fluid flowing path 8 and the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 and the through hole that is used to set the 1st distribution conductor 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor 11.
The 1st distribution conductor 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor 11 are for anti-oxidation, and the most handy tungsten and/or molybdenum form.At this moment, for example with respect to tungsten and/or the molybdenum powder of 100 mass parts, add Al with the ratio of 3～20 mass parts as inorganic constituents 2O 3, add Nb with the ratio of 0.5～5 mass parts 2O 5, be modulated into the conductor pastel.This conductor pastel is filled in the through hole of undressed plate, forms as the feedthrough (via conductor) that runs through conductor.
In these conductor pastel, in order to improve the connecting airtight property with the pottery of matrix 6 or lid 7, also can with the ratio of for example 0.05～2 volume % add alumina powder or with the identical composition powder of ceramic component that forms matrix 6 and lid 7.
And, to the formation of the top layer of matrix 6 or lid 7 and the 1st distribution conductor 10 on the internal layer and the 2nd distribution conductor 11 is to form before and after the feedthrough fill the conductor pastel in through hole or while with it, utilizes methods such as screen printing, intaglio printing to be coated on the undressed plate with specific pattern printing same conductor pastel and carries out.
Make laminar formed body aligned position and the stacked crimping of printing and having filled the particular patch number of conductor pastel thereafter.Afterwards, in non-oxidizing atmosphere for example, calcine this laminated body, obtain matrix 6 or lid 7 and the 1st distribution conductor the 10, the 2nd distribution conductor 11 as the pottery of object with the temperature of 1200～1500 ℃ of the highest calcining heats.
In addition, matrix 6 or the lid of making by pottery 7 preferably be made as its thickness more than the 0.2mm, below the 5mm.If thickness is less than 0.2mm, then because the tendency that has intensity to reduce, the therefore stress that produces when being installed in lid 7 on the matrix 6 just has and be easy to generate the tendency of breaking etc. on matrix 6 and lid 7.On the other hand, when thickness surpasses 5mm, owing to be difficult to carry out slimming, low thickization, therefore just be not suitable as the small-sized fuel cell that carries on the machine to be carried, in addition, because the thermal capacitance quantitative change is big, therefore, the tendency that is difficult to be set to apace the humidity that is fit to suitable with the electrochemical reaction condition of electrolytic component 3 will be arranged.
The 1st distribution conductor 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor 11 are electrically connected with the 1st electrode 4 and the 2nd electrode 5 of electrolytic component 3 respectively, play a role to the conduction road of fuel cell with the outside output of container 2 as the electric current that is used for being produced by electrolytic component 3.
The 1st distribution conductor 10 forms, and an end is equipped on the position of facing mutually with the 1st electrode 4 of the electrolytic component 3 of the bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6, and the other end is derived to the outside of matrix 6.This kind the 1st distribution conductor 10 with matrix 6 integrated formation, contacts with the 1st electrode 4 in order to make the 1st distribution conductor 10 preferably as previously mentioned easily, according to forming from the mode more than the outstanding 10 μ m in the bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6.In order to obtain this height, as previously mentioned, at printing coated conductor pastel and when forming, set according to the mode of thickening printing condition and to get final product.In addition, the 1st distribution conductor 10 preferably with the 1st electrode 4 mutually in the face of and dispose a plurality ofly, reduce the electric loss that causes by the 1st distribution conductor 10, the breakthrough part for the matrix 6 of the 1st distribution conductor 10 preferably adopts the diameter more than the 50 μ m.
In addition, the 2nd distribution conductor 11 forms, an end be equipped on the position of facing mutually as the 2nd electrode 5 of the following electrolytic component 3 of the one side of lid 7 on, the other end is derived to the outside of lid 7.This kind the 2nd distribution conductor 11 is preferably also identical with the 1st distribution conductor 10, is integrally formed with lid 7, contacts with the 2nd electrode 5 easily in order to make the 2nd distribution conductor 11, forms according to the mode more than the outstanding 10 μ m below lid 7.In order to obtain this projecting height, as previously mentioned, at printing coated conductor pastel and when forming, set according to the mode of thickening printing condition and to get final product.In addition, the 2nd distribution conductor 11 preferably with the 2nd electrode 5 mutually in the face of and dispose a plurality ofly, reduce the electric loss that causes by the 2nd distribution conductor 11, the breakthrough part for the lid 7 of the 2nd distribution conductor 11 preferably adopts the diameter more than the 50 μ m.
When on these the 1st distribution conductors 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor 11, on its surface of exposing, excellent conductivity of utilizing coating method to cover to be made by nickel and corrosion resistance and during with the wettability good metal of scolder just can make the 1st distribution conductor 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor the 11, the 1st distribution conductor 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor 11 and external circuit form good electrical connection.So, the 1st distribution conductor 10 and the 2nd distribution conductor 11 be preferably in the good and corrosion resistance of the conductivity of utilizing coating method to cover on its surface of exposing to make by nickel and with the wettability good metal of scolder.
In addition, the electrical connection of these the 1st distribution conductors 10 and the 1st electrode 4 and the electrical connection of the 2nd distribution conductor 11 and the 2nd electrode 5 are by getting final product as inferior constituting, promptly, by sandwiching electrolytic component 3 with matrix 6 and lid 7,4 crimping contact and make the 2nd distribution conductor 11 5 crimping contact and are electrically connected with the 2nd electrode with the 1st electrode to make the 1st distribution conductor 10.
In addition, on the bottom surface of the recess of the matrix of facing mutually with the 1st electrode 46, dispose the 1st fluid flowing path 8,, dispose the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 below lid 7 that the 2nd electrode 5 is faced mutually.The 1st fluid flowing path 8 is formed into the outside of matrix 6 from the bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6, in addition, the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 is formed into the outside of lid 7 below lid 7.These the 1st and the 2nd fluid flowing paths 8,9 are formed by the through hole or the groove that form on matrix 6 or the lid 7 respectively, be used as fuel gas and for example be rich in for example path of the fluid of supplying with to electrolytic component 3 of air etc. of the modified gas of hydrogen or oxidizing gas, perhaps be used as the water that produces by reaction etc. the fluid of after reaction, discharging from electrolytic component 3 path and be provided with.
Be formed at through hole or groove on matrix 6 and the lid 7 as the 1st fluid flowing path 8 and the 2nd fluid flowing path 9, according to electrolytic component 3 mode of fluid such as fueling gas or oxidizing gas equably, determine the diameter of through hole and width, the degree of depth, the configuration of number or groove to get final product accordingly with the specification of fuel cell 1.
Fuel cell of the present invention is with in container 2 and the fuel cell 1, and the 1st fluid flowing path 8 and the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 make fluid flow to electrolytic component 3 for the pressure with homogeneous suitably, adopt the above aperture of diameter 0.1mm, and makes necessarily to dispose at interval and get final product.
By like this with the formation of electrolytic component 3 the downside interarea of the 1st electrode 4 practise physiognomy and form the 1st fluid flowing path 8 over the ground, practise physiognomy with the upside interarea that has formed the 2nd electrode 5 and to form the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 over the ground, just can carry out fluid communication between the downside of electrolytic component 3 and upside interarea and the 1st and the 2nd fluid flowing path 8,9, this fluid passes each stream and is supplied to or discharges.In addition, when for example as the fluid supply gas, just can eliminate respectively to the 1st electrode 4 of electrolytic component 3 and the situation of the 2nd electrode 5 gas supplied branch drops, thereby can obtain specific stable output voltage.In addition, because institute's gas supplied dividing potential drop is stable, so the internal pressure of fuel cell 1 is homogenized, consequently, owing to can suppress the thermal stress of generation on the electrolytic component 3, the reliability of fuel cell 1 is improved.
In addition, among the present invention, following at least one side of the bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6 and lid 7 (bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6 and lid 7 following both) in the present embodiment, is according to the mode warpage of protruding to electrolytic component 3 sides.So, when the peripheral part that makes matrix 6 and lid 7 engages, can apply at the 1st and the 2nd electrode 4,5 under the state of elevated pressures and make 10,11 contacts of the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor to electrolytic component 3.Like this, will reduce the situation that between the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor 10,11 and the 1st and the 2nd electrode 4,5, produces noncontact portion effectively, they can be electrically connected well.Consequently, can reduce resistance and improve generating efficiency, simultaneously, not need the position beyond the peripheral part of matrix 6 and lid 7 to apply the more load that is used for crimping the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor 10,11 and the 1st and the 2nd electrode 4,5.Like this, just can prevent from effectively to cause the situation that cracks on container 2 or break etc. at fuel cell by being applied to unnecessary load on matrix 6 or the lid 7.
And the size of the warpage of the bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6 is, the height of the peripheral part of the summit of warpage of bottom surface of recess of matrix 6 and recess is got final product in the scope of 10～150 μ m.When less than 10 μ m, will diminish by the peripheral part of matrix 6 and lid 7 being engaged the effect that the pressure that increases the contact site that is added in the 2nd distribution conductor 11 and the 2nd electrode 5 improves connection reliability, simultaneously, be added in the pressure reduction on the contact site.So because the surface roughness of contact site etc. produce noncontact portion between the 2nd distribution conductor 11 and the 2nd electrode 5, generating efficiency just reduces easily.On the other hand, when surpassing 150 μ m, when the peripheral part with matrix 6 and lid 7 engages, need on the peripheral part of matrix 6, apply bigger power, simultaneously, for lid 7 is crimped on the electrolytic component 3 well, will carry out bigger rectification to the warpage of the bottom surface of the recess of matrix 6, so lid 7 is damaged easily.
In addition, the size of the following warpage of lid 7 is, the summit of following warpage of lid 7 and the height of peripheral part are got final product in the scope of 10～150 μ m.When less than 10 μ m, will diminish by the peripheral part of matrix 6 and lid 7 being engaged the effect that the pressure that increases the contact site that is added in the 2nd distribution conductor 11 and the 2nd electrode 5 improves connection reliability, simultaneously, be added in the pressure reduction on the contact site.So because the surface roughness of contact site etc. produce noncontact portion between the 2nd distribution conductor 11 and the 2nd electrode 5, generating efficiency just reduces easily.On the other hand, when surpassing 150 μ m, when the peripheral part with matrix 6 and lid 7 engages, need on the peripheral part of lid 7, apply bigger power, simultaneously, for lid 7 is crimped on the electrolytic component 3 well, will carry out bigger rectification to the warpage of lid 7, so lid 7 is damaged easily.
In addition, also can be on the inwall of the 1st fluid flowing path 8 or the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 the covering absorbent material.At this moment, remove, therefore just can prevent to become the obstruction of the 1st and the 2nd fluid flowing path 8,9 of the stream of air effectively owing to can utilize this hygroscopic material to absorb in the steam that in electrolytic component 3, generates or water etc. because of electrochemical reaction.So the surface of electrode that can prevent the 1st and the 2nd electrode 4,5 effectively is by water (H 2O) cover, from atmosphere, supply with air effectively as oxidizing gas thereby can pass the 1st and the 2nd fluid flowing path 8,9.So, can promote the electrochemical reaction on the electrolytic component 3, can carry out high efficiency generating.
As described hygroscopic material, though use silica gel, aluminium oxide, carclazyte, active carbon, paper, wood chip etc. to absorb water (H easily 2O) material gets final product, and still, particularly inorganic powders such as silica gel, aluminium oxide, carclazyte are owing to regulate water (H by the size of utilizing adjustment powder such as pulverizing easily 2O) therefore absorption area is desirable material obtaining aspect the required moisture-absorption characteristics easily.
When making hygroscopic material cover on the inwall of the 1st fluid flowing path 8 and the 2nd fluid flowing path 9, the uniformity that flows in order to ensure pass the air of the 1st fluid flowing path 8 and the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 as oxidizing gas from atmosphere is preferably in covering absorbent material on the 1st and the 2nd whole fluid flowing paths 8,9.In addition, owing to be necessary to reduce the influence of the pressure loss when the air of supplying with as oxidizing gas, so the thickness of hygroscopic material is preferably the thickness that reaches the area below 10% with respect to the aperture area of the cross section of the 1st and the 2nd fluid flowing path 8,9.
In addition, in order to utilize the evaporation of mobile promotion moisture from hygroscopic material of air, the inwall that is preferably in the 1st and the 2nd fluid flowing path 8,9 is the covering absorbent material on the whole.Like this, when small-sized battery such as the direct-type methanol fuel cell (DMFC) that fuel cell of the present invention is used for for example carrying usefulness with container 2 and fuel cell 1, for example just can be with 10ml methyl alcohol running tens of hours, simultaneously, as the water (H of this moment 2O) growing amount also only is 1ml with respect to the consumption of 1g methyl alcohol, trace.So, the water (H that hygroscopic material absorbed 2O) just can become air blast that utilize to use fan and the abundant water yield of evaporation, also no problem in running continuously.
Utilize above formation, can obtain the small-sized and firm fuel cell that can receive dress electrolytic component 3 shown in Figure 1 with container 2, thus can obtain can high efficiency control fuel cell of the present invention 1.
Below, the e-machine of the present invention that has described fuel cell 1 as power supply is described.
E-machine of the present invention is owing to have aforesaid fuel cell 1 as power supply, therefore can obtain to have utilize advantage that fuel cell of the present invention as implied above brings with container 2, small-sized, low thick and can fail safe and the good e-machine of convenience that move steady in a long-term.
In addition, in as the fuel cell 1 that power supply had, when at least one side who makes matrix 6 and lid 7 has outside terminal for connecting (positive terminal and negative terminal), just can easily be electrically connected with the circuit substrate of e-machine, and the dismounting freedom.So, need not adopt facility with special safety means, just can easily fuel cell 1 be replaced by new battery, thereby can improve the convenience of e-machine.
In addition, owing to can form metal level with the inner utilization method for metallising of the matrix 6 of container 2 etc. with different shape, electrical characteristic at fuel cell, the therefore electronic circuit component that just can play a role as resistance or electric capacity, impedance etc. in the formation of the inside of matrix 6.So, for example owing to form jumbo capacitor abreast, and when making the electric current of output from fuel cell 1 become not enough state, just can replenish not enough current segment and guarantee the electric current supply corresponding with the target output current with fuel cell 1.In addition, owing to can form booster circuit, therefore just can guarantee the necessary voltage of e-machine.
And, forming under the situation of resistance, electric capacity or impedance in the inside of matrix 6 like this, matrix 6 is preferably made by glass ceramics.
In addition, as e-machine of the present invention, specifically, portable e-machines such as portable phone PDA (PersonalDigital Assistants), digital camera or toys such as video camera, game machine or with e-machines such as various household appliances, electric tool such as the portable printer headed by the notebook type PC (PC), facsimile machine, television set, communicating machine, audio-video machine, electric fans are arranged.
These e-machines use the device that has added the function of having used the demonstration of animations such as liquid crystal indicator in recent years just gradually.This kind animation shows because the consumption of power supply is very big, therefore using in the past, the e-machine of storage battery just can't move after the short time, in contrast, e-machine of the present invention is equipped with can provide the fuel cell 1 of power supply very for a long time, show even carry out animation, also can move for a long time.
For example for the situation of portable phone, by central processing unit (CPU), control part, random asccess memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), to import the input part of CPU by the data of user's operation, antenna, the signal demodulation that will receive by antenna and supplying with and modulation is utilized the radio section of antenna transmission by the control part signal supplied to control part, according to the loud speaker that carries out singing from the moving signal of the ring of control part, light a lamp according to control from control part, turn off the light or put go out the operation light-emitting diode (LED), according to the display part that carries out the demonstration of information from the signal of control part, according to the vibrator that vibrates from the drive signal of control part, user's sound is converted to voice signal and to the control part transmission and will be converted to sound from the voice signal of control part and export send the words portion that is subjected to, power supply unit to the each several part supply power constitutes.By fuel cell 1 of the present invention and the fuel cell container 2 of in its power supply unit, packing into, because fuel cell 1 and fuel cell container 2 are supplied with at long power supply good aspect compactedness, simplicity and the fail safe and that can realize the even supply of fuel and utilize high efficiency electrical connection to carry out, therefore just can realize small-sized, the low thick and lightweight of portable phone.
In addition, if consider nearest portable phone situation fully aspect miniaturization, low thickization, then can for example newly pack into again in the space that produces by fuel cell is 1 small-sized, low thickization like this camera or video cameras etc. have the electronic unit of the function beyond the telephony feature, thereby can carry out further multifunction.
In addition, the new electronic unit of also can not packing into, and impact absorbing material or protecting against shock member etc. are set in order to protect main electronic circuit.At this moment, just can form and to make because of fall waiting the resistance to impact that on the portable phone main body, applied when impacting or the more firm in the past structure of water proofing property geometric ratio when using in the rain etc.
In addition, owing to can dwindle the circuit part of portable phone body interior, therefore the restriction to the profile of portable phone main body reduces, and for example just can form employing for old man or the child good external shape of designs such as shape of gripping portable phone easily.
In addition, when the structure with power supply unit is made as the structure of fuel cell 1 and fuel cell container 2 disassembled and assembled freelies as mentioned above like that, if prepare the fuel cell 1 and the fuel cell container 2 of preparation in advance, then because can be in fuel cell 1 and fuel cell container 2 that preparation has taken place easily to be replaced by under the situation of cell fracture etc., perhaps fuel cell 1 taking-up can be carried out the supply or the replacing of fuel, therefore just can proceed conversation etc., the phone that uses as power supply with storage battery that will be in the past etc. is compared, and is better aspect convenience.
In addition, therefore the fuel cell that uses that is replaced 1 is compared with charging owing to can utilize once more immediately by refueling, and uses conveniently, can also effectively utilize resource in addition.In addition, also have following advantage, that is, even long-term power failure that causes because of natural calamity etc. etc. in emergency circumstances or without the time also can use.
In addition, situation for notebook type PC (PC), by following constitute form, promptly, possess personal computer main body, taken in the 1st basket that is used for to the keyboard of the specific data of personal computer main body input, the 2nd basket of having taken in the display of the data that are used to show the data of utilizing the keyboard input or utilize the personal computer main body processing, the 2nd basket can be installed on the 1st basket with opening and closing, to be located on the 1st basket to the power supply unit of each several part supply power in addition, fuel cell 1 and fuel cell container 2 will be housed on its power supply unit.At this moment, identical with described portable phone, the fuel cell 1 and the fuel cell container 2 of packing in the e-machine of the present invention are good aspect compactedness, simplicity and fail safe, and the long power supply that can realize the even supply of fuel and utilize high efficiency electrical connection to produce is supplied with.So, can realize small-sized, low thickization, lightweight and the multifunction of notebook type PC (PC) main body, simultaneously, corresponding with the maximization or the high-resolutionization of display, big electric current can also be stably supplied with for a long time, thereby high notebook type PC (PC) of convenience such as burden on the weight or measurement of watching display easily and carrying when is also less can be formed.
In addition, be made as at structure under the situation of structure of fuel cell 1 and fuel cell container 2 disassembled and assembled freelies power supply unit, if prepare the fuel cell of the present invention 1 and the fuel cell container 2 of preparation in advance, then without or wait in the moving body such as passenger plane and only can use under the situation of 2 primary cells, the advantage that can realize long power supply supply compared with the past is arranged.In addition, under situation about using like this in public places, because also good aspect fail safe, therefore can become the good device aspect convenience that is not subjected to use with restricting.
And the present invention is not limited to above execution mode, so long as in the scope that does not break away from main thought of the present invention, also can carry out various changes.For example, for the 1st fluid flowing path or the 2nd fluid flowing path,, also can be provided with from the inflow entrance of the side of matrix 6 or lid 7 for fuel cell 1 whole slimming.Like this, particularly effective aspect the realization miniaturization as carrying e-machine.In addition, for the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor 10,11, also the other end of deriving to the outside of matrix 6 and lid 7 can be set according to the mode of pulling out to the side of same side respectively.Like this; just distribution or stream etc. can be concentrated on the side side of fuel cell, thus realize easily miniaturization and to the protection at the junction surface of outside, can realize the design of high reliability; simultaneously, can also form the fuel cell of operating stably for a long time.
In addition, also can receive and adorn a plurality of electrolytic components 3, utilize the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor 10,11 that they are electrically connected, thereby can obtain the output of high voltage or big electric current as a whole in the inside of the recess of matrix 6.
In addition, the fuel cell of representing another embodiment of the invention with profile among Fig. 2 is with container and fuel cell., also at least one side of the 1st fluid flowing path 8 ' and the 2nd fluid flowing path 9 ' can be constituted with the introduction part 15 of peristome 13, connecting portion 14, fluid, the discharge portion (not shown) of fluid with in the container 2 ' at fuel cell.Peristome 13 is below the bottom surface or lid 7 ' of recess, according to the downside interarea of conduct one side's interarea of electrolytic component 3 or the mode of facing mutually as the upside interarea of the opposing party's interarea, equally spaced form a plurality of openings of the groove shape of same widths with equal length.Connecting portion 14 will be formed between the end of a plurality of openings at least one side's the inside of matrix 6 ' and lid 7 ' and connect respectively between the other end.The introduction part 15 of fluid is formed at least one side's of matrix 6 ' and lid 7 ' outside from a side of connecting portion 14.The discharge portion of fluid is formed at least one side's of matrix 6 ' and lid 7 ' outside from the opposing party.In addition, also can be according in the recess of matrix 6 ', receiving dress electrolytic component 3 with recess, the mode with the 1st and the 2nd electrode 4,5 is electrically connected with the 1st and the 2nd distribution conductor 10 ', 11 ' respectively constitutes fuel cell 1 '.
Like this, just utilize the introduction part 15 and the connecting portion 14 of fluid to supply with fluid easily to the peristome 13 of a plurality of formation groove shapes, because the opening of a plurality of groove shapes of peristome 13 is equally spaced formed with the equal length same widths, therefore even at the inflow velocity of fluid faster under the situation, distance from introduction part 15 to discharge portion shortens, and flow path resistance reduces.Consequently, can improve the homogeneous of the fluid of supplying with to electrolytic component 3 and supply with property, when the air of supplying with as oxidizing gas from atmosphere is come in and gone out, the water (H that can generate because of chemical reaction 2O) drying is removed continuously.
In addition, the fuel cell of representing another embodiment of the invention with profile among Fig. 3 is with container and use its fuel cell.In fuel cell container 2 " in; also can constitute fuel cell 1 according to following mode ", promptly, matrix 6 with a plurality of recesses " each recess in receive respectively electrolytic component 3 be housed; simultaneously; crosses between the end of adjacent recess and set the 3rd distribution conductor 16; will be electrically connected between the 1st electrode 4 of a plurality of electrolytic components 3 or between the 1st electrode 4 and the 2nd electrode 5; for output taking-up that will be as a whole, with the 1st distribution conductor 10 " and the 2nd distribution conductor 11 " respectively be configured in the locational electrolytic component 3 that becomes two ends and be electrically connected.
Like this, owing to can utilize the 1st～the 3rd distribution conductor 10 ", 11 ", 16 come three-dimensional wiring freely, therefore just can be with a plurality of electrolytic components 3 serial or parallel connection at random.Consequently, owing to can efficient adjust whole output voltage and output current goodly, therefore just forming can be with the electric energy that electrochemically generated by electrolytic component 3 well to the fuel cell container 2 of outside output " and fuel cell 1 ".
The present invention can implement with other variety of ways that do not break away from its spirit or principal character.So described execution mode is in any aspect simple example only all, scope of the present invention is shown in the scope of claim, is not subjected to any constraint of specification text.In addition, belonging to the distortion of scope of claim or change all is content in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. a fuel cell is characterized in that possessing with container (2,2 ', 2 "):
Have the matrix recess of receiving dress electrolytic components (3), that make by pottery (6,6 ', 6 ") the 1st side, described electrolytic component (3) on the 1st interarea and the 2nd interarea, have respectively the 1st electrode (4) and the 2nd electrode (5) and
The 1st fluid flowing path that forms to the outside of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") from the bottom surface of the described recess faced mutually with described the 1st interarea of described electrolytic component (3) (8,8 ', 8 ") and
One end be equipped on the bottom surface of the described recess of facing mutually with described the 1st electrode (4) of described electrolytic component (3) and the 1st distribution conductor that the other end is derived to the outside of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") (10,10 ', 10 ") and
Around the described recess of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") the 1st goes up and covers that described recess is installed, airtight the lid that seals described recess (7,7 ', 7 ") and
The 2nd fluid flowing path that outside from the 1st of the described lid faced mutually with described the 2nd interarea of described electrolytic component (3) (7,7 ', 7 ") to described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") forms (9,9 ', 9 ") and
One end is equipped on that the 1st of the described lid faced mutually with described the 2nd electrode (5) of described electrolytic component (3) (7,7 ', 7 ") goes up and the 2nd distribution conductor that the other end is derived to the outside of described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") (11,11 ', 11 ");
At least one side of the 1st of the bottom surface of the recess of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") and described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") is according to the mode warpage of protruding to described electrolytic component (3) side.
Fuel cell 2. according to claim 1 container (2,2 ', 2 "), it is characterized in that, described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") in, the height between the edge part of the summit of the warpage of the bottom surface of described recess and the bottom surface of described recess is 10 to 150 μ m.
3. fuel cell according to claim 1 is with container (2,2 ', 2 "); it is characterized in that; in the described lid (7,7 ', 7 "), and the height between the summit of described the 1st warpage of described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") and described the 1st edge part is 10 to 150 μ m.
4. fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that with container (2,2 ', 2 "), and at least one side's bending strength of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") and described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") is more than 200MPa.
5. fuel cell according to claim 1 is with container (2,2 ', 2 "); it is characterized in that, at least one side of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") and described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") uses by relative density to form at the aluminum oxide sintered body that the compact substance more than 95% constitutes.
6. fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that with container (2,2 ', 2 "), and at least one side's of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ") and described lid (7,7 ', 7 ") thickness is 0.2mm to 5mm.
7. fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that with container (2,2 ', 2 "), and described the 1st distribution conductor (10,10 ', 10 ") is outstanding from the bottom surface of the described recess of described matrix (6,6 ', 6 ").
8. fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that with container (2,2 ', 2 "), and described the 2nd distribution conductor (11,11 ', 11 ") is outstanding from the 1st of described lid (7,7 ', 7 ").
9. fuel cell according to claim 1 is with container (2,2 ', 2 "); it is characterized in that; at least one side of described the 1st fluid flowing path (8,8 ', 8 ") and described the 2nd fluid flowing path (9,9 ', 9 "), there are a plurality of streams in its aperture more than 0.1mm and according to certain arranged spaced.
10. fuel cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that with container (2,2 ', 2 "), and at least one side of described the 1st fluid flowing path (8,8 ', 8 ") and described the 2nd fluid flowing path (9,9 ', 9 ") wall within it is coated with hygroscopic material.
11. fuel cell according to claim 10 is with container (2,2 ', 2 "); it is characterized in that, the thickness of described hygroscopic material is that mode below 10% is set up according to the shared sectional area of described hygroscopic material with respect to the aperture area of the cross section of described the 1st fluid flowing path (8,8 ', 8 ") and described the 2nd fluid flowing path (9,9 ', 9 ").
12. a fuel cell (1,1 ', 1 "), it is characterized in that,
Be included in the electrolytic component (3) that has the 1st electrode (4) and the 2nd electrode (5) on the 1st interarea and the 2nd interarea respectively, the claim 1 to 11 any described fuel cell with container (2,2 ', 2 "),
At described fuel cell container (2,2 '; 2 ") described recess in receive and to adorn described electrolytic component (3), according to described the 1st interarea and described the 1st fluid flowing path (8 at described electrolytic component (3), 8 '; 8 ") between and described the 2nd interarea and described the 2nd fluid flowing path (9 of described electrolytic component (3), 9 '; 9 ") between, the mode that fluid separately can circulate disposes described the 1st interarea and the 2nd interarea, simultaneously, with described the 1st electrode (4) and described the 1st distribution conductor (10,10 ', 10 ") be electrically connected; will described the 2nd electrode (5) and described the 2nd distribution conductor (11; 11 '; 11 ") electrical connection, at described matrix (6,6 '; 6 ") described recess around the 1st go up to cover described recess described lid (7 be installed, 7 '; 7 ").
13. an e-machine is characterized in that, as power supply, has the described fuel cell of claim 12 (1,1 ', 1 ").
CNB2004100118669A 2003-09-25 2004-09-24 Container for fuel cell and fuel cell and electronic machine Expired - Fee Related CN1311572C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003334396A JP4268490B2 (en) 2003-09-25 2003-09-25 Fuel cell container, fuel cell and electronic device
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JP2009533818A (en) 2006-04-11 2009-09-17 マイ エフシー エイビー Improved electrochemical device
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JP2009231244A (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-10-08 Toshiba Digital Media Engineering Corp Portable fuel cell

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CN1276633A (en) * 2000-07-27 2000-12-13 钟家轮 Fuel cell with more membrane electrodes on one membrane and its preparing process
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JPH07272741A (en) * 1994-03-31 1995-10-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Module structure for cylindrical solid electrolytic fuel cell
CN1197551A (en) * 1995-09-21 1998-10-28 罗伯特·G·霍克戴 Surface replica fuel cell having a fiber-reinforced membrane
JP2001507501A (en) * 1996-09-20 2001-06-05 シーメンス・ウエスチングハウス・パワー・コーポレイション Electrochemical fuel cell power plant with leak-free built-in hydrocarbon fuel reformer
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CN1276633A (en) * 2000-07-27 2000-12-13 钟家轮 Fuel cell with more membrane electrodes on one membrane and its preparing process

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