CN1311487C

CN1311487C - Electric contact material based on slver, zinc oxide and indium oxide and manufacturing technique

Info

Publication number: CN1311487C
Application number: CNB200310106149XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章景兴
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-10-28
Filing date: 2003-10-28
Publication date: 2007-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2023-10-28
Also published as: CN1540693A

Abstract

The present invention relates to electric contact material based on sliver, zinc oxide and indium oxide, and a production process for the material, which comprises: silver substrate contains the zinc oxide and the indium oxide, and the weight percentage of the zinc oxide is 3.0 to 12; the weight percentage of the indium oxide is 0.3 to 7, and the silver is the rest; the sum of the content of each component is 100%. The process has the steps: at least one of a silver ingot, zinc, indium, nickel, titanium and the tin is arranged in a smelting furnace for smelting and ingot casting so as to be processed into chips, and the chips are oxidized at a high temperature and high pressure so as to obtain mixed phase material based on the sliver, the zinc oxide and the indium oxide; the chips are crushed by mechanical processing and are pressed and formed in a steel mould so as to be extruded into strips at a high temperature, and wire products based on the silver, the zinc oxide and the indium oxide are obtained by drawing the strips. The present invention has the advantages of easy production processing characteristic, fine reprocessing performance and no toxic and side effect, and takes the place of toxic electric contact material of the silver and cadmium oxide.

Description

Contact material and production technology thereof based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of contact material and production technology thereof.Especially relate to a kind of contact material and production technology thereof based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide.Be mainly used in the electric contact of use such as the appliance switch of making various relays, contactor and the bimetallic composite rivet electric contact of high power relay use etc.

Background technology:

The contact material that widely uses has Agcdo and Ag-ZnO at present.

Though the Agcdo contact material has fabulous material property and lower material cost, especially the high oxidation cadmium content is all the more so, and the also very stable maturation of manufacture craft is as described in Chinese patent 95111070.But use more cadmium metal, product contains the cadmium oxide, understands residual cadmium salt later in environment, because cadmium metal and cadmium salt have very big toxic and side effect to human body, very harmful to environment, trend in the future is to reduce gradually and even stop using the contact material that contains cadmium or cadmium oxide.

Though the Ag-ZnO contact material had the history of 20 years of researches development and application, this process still continues into the present, and the key issue of its existence is its production and processing characteristic difference and relatively poor cycling processability.Therefore, this product still rests on the production simple shape at present, does not need to carry out on the strip-form contacts of any machining when assembling is used, and does not possess the cycling processability of making the bimetallic composite rivet.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of have easier production and processing characteristic and cycling processability and contact material and the production technology thereof based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide that have no side effect again preferably are provided, make wire rod and various contact easily, satisfy appliance switch instructions for uses such as various relays, contactor, to substitute poisonous Agcdo contact material.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, and it is to contain zinc oxide and indium oxide in silver matrix, in the material:

The share of zinc oxide is 6.41～12 percentage by weights,

The share of indium oxide is 3.74～7 percentage by weights,

Also contain a kind of of nickel oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide or several in the material,

Surplus is a silver,

And each components contents sum is 100%.

In the above-mentioned contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, the preferred share of zinc oxide and indium oxide is:

The share of zinc oxide is 6.41～8.25 percentage by weights,

The share of indium oxide is 3.74～5.89 percentage by weights.

In the above-mentioned contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, the most preferably share of zinc oxide and indium oxide is:

The share of zinc oxide is 8.25～11.5 percentage by weights,

The share of indium oxide is 5.89～6.72 percentage by weights.

Manufacturing technique method of the present invention is:

The a kind of of silver ingot, zinc, indium and nickel, titanium or tin or several are placed smelting furnace melting and ingot casting, be processed into chip, obtain a kind of mixing phase material through the HTHP oxidation based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, through the machining fragmentation, with chip extrusion forming in punching block, at high temperature be squeezed into web or band then, can obtain Ag-ZnO indium oxide wire product through drawing again.Or, be squeezed into web with silver, zinc oxide, indium oxide and nickel oxide, titanium oxide or stannic oxide powder mixing and briquetting, can obtain Ag-ZnO indium oxide wire product equally through drawing again.

The temperature of the HTHP oxidation of production technology of the present invention is 760～860 ℃, is preferably 790～860 ℃; Pressure is 4～6kg, and temperature retention time 20～36 hours is preferably 24～30 hours, and the heating-up temperature that is squeezed into web is 780～890 ℃, is preferably 820～840 ℃.

The extrusion ratio of high temperature extrude bar of the present invention, band is 1: 240～350 or 1: 270～320, and the extruding form is backward extrusion.

Compare with existing contact material, the present invention zincification and indium in silver matrix are formed the contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, human body are not had toxic and side effect, environmental sound; In raw material, add nickel and/or tin, titanium elements, improved the machinability of material; Thereby the processing characteristics that reaches production process is good, and possesses the reprocessing good characteristic that to make the bimetallic composite rivet, thereby Ag-ZnO indium oxide wire production is achieved, has satisfied the requirement of the bimetallic composite rivet contact of high power relay use.Can partly or entirely replace Agcdo to be applied to high power relay.Avoided the pollution to environment in the production application process of Agcdo contact material.Have the joint silver effect the same equally with Agcdo.

The physical and mechanical properties of wire rod is:

Specification ￠ 1.12～3.90mm

Density: 〉=9.8g/cm ³

Hardness: Hv4.9N＞800MPa

Resistivity :≤2.7 μ cm

Tensile strength:＞MPa

Elongation:＞6%.

The compound rivet of the Ag-ZnO indium oxide contact of making meets every specification requirement of GB11096-89 fully.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is technological process of production figure of the present invention.

Embodiment:

Example 1: take by weighing the 14.27kg silver ingot, place intermediate frequency furnace to melt, add 0.8kg zinc and 0.48kg indium subsequently successively, after homogenizing, billet is cast in scarfing cinder, cuts cast gate and removes surface impurity, cut into pieces, be heated to 760～820 ℃ in the high-pressure bottle of packing into, inject 6kg/cm ²Oxygen, be incubated 36 hours, then already oxidised fragment is processed into broken granule with punch press again, pack into and add the billet that is pressed into the long 250mm of ￠ 68mm in the punching block, the billet of moulding is squeezed into the web of ￠ 4.0mm under 820～860 ℃ of high temperature, the process hot pull becomes the wire product of ￠ 1.12～3.9mm, as Fig. 1.

As mentioned above, add 1.6kg zinc and 0.96kg indium respectively, also obtain identical result.

Example 2: take by weighing the 14.64kg silver ingot, place intermediate frequency furnace to melt, add 0.08kg nickel, 0.8kg zinc and 0.48kg indium subsequently successively, technical process is with example 1, but the high-temperature oxydation temperature is 800～840 ℃, and other process conditions are with example 1.

Add 1.6kg zinc and 0.96kg indium respectively, also obtain identical result.

Under two kinds of ratio conditions of zinc and indium, other adds 0.2kg and 0.04kg nickel, also obtains identical result.

Example 3: take by weighing the 14.64kg silver ingot, place intermediate frequency furnace to melt, add 0.08kg nickel, 0.5kg zinc and 0.78kg indium subsequently successively, technical process is with example 1, but the high-temperature oxydation temperature is 800～840 ℃, and other process conditions are with example 1.

Example 4: take by weighing the 14.604kg silver ingot, place intermediate frequency furnace to melt, add 1.06kg zinc, 0.032kg nickel, 0.016kg tin, 0.008kg titanium and 0.28kg indium subsequently successively, after homogenizing, billet is cast in scarfing cinder, cuts cast gate and removes surface impurity, cuts into pieces, packing into is heated to 760～820 ℃ in the high-pressure bottle, injects 4kg/cm ²Oxygen, be incubated 20 hours, then already oxidised fragment is processed into granule with punch press again, pack into and add the billet that is pressed into the long 250mm of ￠ 68mm in the punching block, billet of moulding is squeezed into the web of ￠ 4.0mm under 820～890 ℃ of high temperature, becomes the wire product of ￠ 1.12～3.9mm through hot pull.

The addition of tin and titanium is adjusted into 0.036kg tin, 0.016kg titanium, also obtains identical result.

Example 5: take by weighing the 11.896kg silver ingot, place intermediate frequency furnace to melt, add 1.18kg zinc, 0.048kg nickel, 0.028kg titanium and 0.848kg indium subsequently successively, technical process is with example 1, but the high-temperature oxydation temperature is 780～860 ℃, and the injection oxygen pressure is 5kg/cm ²Oxygen, temperature retention time is 28 hours, is squeezed into the web of ￠ 6.0mm under the high temperature, becomes the wire product of ￠ 1.3～5.0mm through hot pull.

The addition of titanium is adjusted into 0.014kg, can obtains the good wire product of processing characteristics equally.

With above-mentioned condition, the nickel addition is adjusted into 0.016kg in the prescription, obtains same result.

Example 6: the powder that reaches with above-mentioned different formulations with silver, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide stirs briquetting, the extruding slivering, and the process drawing obtains the wire product that electrically contacts based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide equally.

Claims

1, a kind of contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, it is characterized in that it is to contain zinc oxide and indium oxide in silver matrix, the share of zinc oxide is 6.41～12 percentage by weights in the material, the share of indium oxide is 3.74～7 percentage by weights, also contain a kind of of nickel oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide or several in the material, surplus is a silver, and each components contents sum is 100%.

2, a kind of contact material according to claim 1 based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, the share that it is characterized in that zinc oxide in the material is 6.41～8.25 percentage by weights, the share of indium oxide is 3.74～5.89 percentage by weights.

3, a kind of contact material according to claim 2 based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, the share that it is characterized in that zinc oxide in the material is 8.25～11.5 percentage by weights, the share of indium oxide is 5.89～6.72 percentage by weights.

4, the production technology of the described contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide of a kind of claim 1, it is characterized in that its processing step is: a kind of of silver ingot, zinc, indium and nickel, titanium or tin or several are placed smelting furnace melting and ingot casting, be processed into chip, obtain mixing phase material through the HTHP oxidation based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide, through the machining fragmentation, with chip extrusion forming in punching block, at high temperature push slivering, band then, the process drawing obtains the wire product based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide again; Or with silver, zinc oxide, indium oxide and nickel oxide, titanium oxide or stannic oxide powder mixing and briquetting, extruding slivering, band, the process drawing obtains the wire product based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide.

5, the production technology of a kind of contact material based on the Ag-ZnO indium oxide according to claim 4, the temperature that it is characterized in that the HTHP oxidation is 760～860 ℃, and inject the oxygen of 4～6kg/cm2, temperature retention time 20～36 hours, the heating-up temperature of extruding slivering is 780～890 ℃.