CN1309592A - Die forging method - Google Patents

Die forging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1309592A
CN1309592A CN99808751A CN99808751A CN1309592A CN 1309592 A CN1309592 A CN 1309592A CN 99808751 A CN99808751 A CN 99808751A CN 99808751 A CN99808751 A CN 99808751A CN 1309592 A CN1309592 A CN 1309592A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
forging
base material
mould
mentioned
drift
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN99808751A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
佐藤贵纮
白石成辉
杉本亮一
中村克昭
东洋司
山内淳
内尾健司
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toto Ltd
Original Assignee
Toto Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP10209173A external-priority patent/JP2000042674A/en
Priority claimed from JP10275792A external-priority patent/JP2000102834A/en
Priority claimed from JP34556298A external-priority patent/JP2000176596A/en
Priority claimed from JP36814998A external-priority patent/JP2000193501A/en
Priority claimed from JP11070155A external-priority patent/JP2000263178A/en
Priority claimed from JP11070156A external-priority patent/JP2000263179A/en
Priority claimed from JP11122856A external-priority patent/JP2000314157A/en
Application filed by Toto Ltd filed Critical Toto Ltd
Publication of CN1309592A publication Critical patent/CN1309592A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/027—Special design or construction with punches moving along auxiliary lateral directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts

Abstract

A die forging method characterized in that it provides a high productivity and forming accuracy, comprising the steps of forming, in a pre-forging process, a close-fit part (4), a flange part, and a stepped close-fit part (6) of a spout tip metal fitting (3) using an upper outer punch (20) and an upper die (19) and forming, in a later hole forming process, a recessed and protruded part (7) by driving an upper inner punch (21) in a forging material while a die pin (13) is moved backward in the state that a back pressure is applied to one end surface of the forging material, whereby, because a part of the forging material is filled up in a die cavity in the forging process, the form of a forging process forming part can be created accurately.

Description

Die forging method
Technical field
The present invention relates to die forging method.
The problem that prior art and the present invention will solve
In the forming technique that Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique discloses, on the counterdie and patrix of forging metal formed products, inner punch and outer ram (hollow mould pin) are set respectively, but and drive, after upper and lower mould and the shaping of outer ram up and down, be shaped with inner punch up and down, like this, the good fluidity of material improves the quality of products.
Japanese kokai publication sho 58-84632 communique has disclosed super method of moulding the airtight die forging of metal.In this forging method, in the forging and molding process, when plastic force reaches certain value, the moving part that is located on the mould part is moved,, make remaining metal flow into this space part at the inner filling space part that forms of mould, remove this rest parts then, like this, can improve dimensional accuracy.
In the forging method that Japanese kokai publication hei 1-228638 communique discloses,, a part of forging the base material is stretched out to the side,, this extension is shaped at the back forging process at preceding forging process.Two operation employings mould separately in this method.
In the forging method that Japanese kokai publication hei 2-274341 communique discloses, will forge the base material and stretch out, at the leading section formative gear of this extension to the side.
In the forging method that Japanese kokai publication hei 4-17934 communique discloses,,, form deep hole Yi Bian drift is squeezed in the forging base material Yi Bian apply back pressure and the mould pin is retreated.
Japanese kokai publication hei 4-344845 communique has disclosed the method that back pressure is forged that strengthens gradually on one side on one side.
In the manufacturing process that Japanese kokai publication hei 7-236937 communique discloses, forge the base material with the upper and lower mould compression earlier, form extension in the side, drift is squeezed into forged in the base material again, extension is further stretched out to the side, and at the front end formative gear of this one.
Light metal association conference in the 89th autumn lecture summary (1995) P.109, in 110, while disclosed the method that applies back pressure forging and molding compressor usefulness scroll sheet (blade of scroll).
The purpose of this invention is to provide the die forging method that productivity is good, forming accuracy is high.
Solve the method and the action effect of above-mentioned problem.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the die forging method of one embodiment of the invention pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that, carries out preceding forging process and hole forming process thereafter with same mould; Forging process before above-mentioned makes the part of above-mentioned forging base material be full of in the die cavity at least, forges, and obtains the shape of the part of formed products; In above-mentioned hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole.
In addition, " it being retreated at the state that applies back pressure " described in the present invention is meant in mould and presses greater than in the back pressure, corresponding to retreating naturally of this differential pressure.
In the die forging method that Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique discloses,, before forging base material is full of in the die cavity, the mould pin is retreated at preceding forging process.And in the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, be in forging process, make forging base material be full of (sealing is forged) in the die cavity, so the shape of forging process forming section before correctly making.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, forging process and hole forming process thereafter before carrying out with same mould; Forging process before above-mentioned obtains the shape of the part of formed products; In above-mentioned hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole, and the mould pin is motionless in above-mentioned preceding the forging.
In the die forging method that Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique discloses,, make the action of mould pin at preceding forging process.And in the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, before the profile shaping of formed products finished, the mould pin was motionless always, so can stably forge the shape of forging process forming section before correctly making simultaneously.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, carries out hole forming process and back forging process thereafter with same mould; In above-mentioned hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole; At above-mentioned back forging process, a part of forging above-mentioned forging base material at least obtains the shape of the part of formed products.
Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique, spy open in the die forging method of flat 4-344845 communique announcement, after the forming process of hole, do not have other forging process.And among this embodiment of the present invention,, can carry out complexity, various shaping at the back forging process.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, carries out hole forming process and the forging process before or after it with same mould; In the hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole; At forging process, the shaping that makes above-mentioned mould pin opposing forge the base material is pressed, and stands fast basically.
In the Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique, the plus-pressure of the drift that press molding is used becomes because of operation, and among this embodiment of the present invention, changes not to be pressed into and forge confining force in the base material, back pressure die for special purpose pin.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises the hole forming process, in this hole forming process, mould pin butt is forged an end face of base material, on one side at the state that applies back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in the forging base material, is configured as the hole; Above-mentioned drift is to squeeze into from the direction of retreat of mould pin or its rightabout direction in addition.
The spy opens in the clear 55-156631 communique, drift squeeze into direction of retreat and the opposite approach that direction is the mould pin.In the Te Kaiping 4-344845 communique, only limit to equidirectional.And in the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, be to squeeze into drift from the direction of retreat of mould pin or the direction beyond its rightabout, so, the product of can the be shaped such complexity of threeway, various shape.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, the drift of the recess of the mould of die-forging forming product profile and shaping formed products is combined, from same direction extrusion forging base material, forge, in forging, it is retreated simultaneously while the mould pin is applied back pressure.
Mould in the Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique (see this communique Figure 10 mark 2 ') is not while be to push the form that mould forges.
According to the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, the product of the such complicated shape of impeller that can be shaped.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, makes the some drifts that form some recesses from same direction extrusion forging base material, forge, and simultaneously in forging, mould pin applied back pressure it is retreated on one side.
In the Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique, a recess forming punch is arranged respectively up and down.And among this embodiment of the present invention, owing to make several drifts that form recess from same direction extrusion forging base material, forge, so can be shaped has the product of the such complexity of ladder deep hole, various shape.
In the die forging method of this embodiment, also can form with above-mentioned mould and drift with the different time.Perhaps, also can form with above-mentioned several drifts with the different time.
When making mould and drift (or several a drifts) body action, in forging, near the root of drift, may produce the problem of insufficient fill.But, be shaped with the two with the different time, then can prevent this problem.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, side by side several drifts squeezed into from different directions to forge in the base material to form, and simultaneously in forging, mould pin applied back pressure it is retreated on one side.
According to the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, can obtain resembling the forging and molding product of complexity the threeway, various shape.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises forging process, and at this forging process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material is applying the state of back pressure, squeezes in the forging base material drift or the pushing mould while it is retreated; Above-mentioned mould pin is provided with some, the shaping several holes.
According to the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, many logical such complicated shape products with a plurality of holes can be shaped.
In the die forging method of this embodiment, preferably above-mentioned several mould pins of setting-up time official post move successively, form above-mentioned several holes successively.Like this, move simultaneously, compare when side by side forming some holes with making the mould pin, flowing of material is more simple, so, can reduce and be involved in or problem such as insufficient fill.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises to finish forging process, in this operation, with an end face of mould pin butt forging base material, the state of exerting pressure, drift or mould crimping should be forged the base material, make this drift or mould reach the precalculated position, finish forging; In this operation, when being pressed in pre-level pressure in the mould when following, above-mentioned mould pin is retreated, when pressing in the mould when surpassing this pre-level pressure, above-mentioned mould pin is retreated.
Opening clear 55-156631 number, spy the spy opens flat 4-344845 number, spy and opens in flat 4-17934 number the thought that residue base material is selected.
In the Japanese kokai publication sho 55-84632 communique, put down in writing the super closed die forging method of moulding metal, in this forging method, in the forging and molding process, when plastic force reached certain value, the moving part that is located at the mould part moved, move at the inner filling space part that forms of mould by this, remaining metal is flowed into this space part, remove this remainder then, can improve dimensional accuracy.But, in this method, when making remainder flow into the filling space part, be not blocked state (full state) in the mould.And the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, while with mould in the pressure of material correspondingly make the mould pin retreat, promptly keep blocked state that the mould pin is retreated.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises the hole forming process, and in this operation, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material is applying the state of back pressure, Yi Bian it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in the forging base material, is configured as the hole; On the end face that applies back pressure of above-mentioned mould pin, be provided with jog, carry out the shaping of a part of shape of product with this jog.
The spy opens among clear 55-156631 communique and other 2, and the end face that applies back pressure of mould pin is not have concavo-convex plane.According to the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, can on forming face, form protuberance or recess, can obtain the forging and molding product of complexity, various shape.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises overhanging operation and forming process;
In overhanging operation, form over-hang part with forging; In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape; Above-mentioned two-step carries out in same mould.
In the Japanese kokai publication hei 1-228638 communique, be with dividing other mould to carry out overhanging operation and forming process.In the flat 7-236937 communique of Te Kaiping 2-274341 communique and Te Kai, drift or mould be the butt extension not, only is overhanging shaping.Compare with these prior aries, among this embodiment of the present invention,, the over-hang part that forms in the overhanging operation is forged with drift etc. in forming process, so, to compare with overhanging shaping only, the filling of material is good.In addition, because overhanging operation and forming process are carried out,, can reduce the mould cost in same mould so the kind of mould is few.In addition, in forging, will not forge the base material and move on in another pressing mold, so improve productivity.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises overhanging operation and forming process; In overhanging operation, form over-hang part with forging; In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape; In above-mentioned overhanging operation, stretch out above-mentioned over-hang part towards or opposite direction equidirectional with forging.
In the Te Kaiping 1-228638 communique, be that over-hang part is stretched out towards the side of forging direction." with forging equidirectional or rightabout " described in the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention is to instigate a part of the forging the base material same direction of action or the rightabout of mould or pin when forging outstanding.According to this die forging method, can obtain complexity, various forging and molding product.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises overhanging operation and forming process;
In overhanging operation, form over-hang part with forging; In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape; In above-mentioned overhanging operation, carry out the several times forging to forging the base material.
In the Te Kaiping 1-228638 communique, be to push low punch simultaneously and stretch out.In the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, be, carry out several times and forge, compare with the whole over-hang part of forging and molding the time, can successfully carry out the shaping of over-hang part, on over-hang part, be not easy to produce overlap forging the base material in overhanging operation.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, the 1st drift is squeezed into forge in the base material in, do not make the 1st drift with the 2nd drift or this forging base material of Mould Machining with retreating.
According to the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, by the 1st drift, shaped portion can not destroy.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, the 1st drift is squeezed into forged in the base material, carries out the shaping in hole, and this drift is not extracted after being shaped and finishing in this hole, with the 2nd drift or mould with hole forging and molding on every side.
In the Japanese kokai publication sho 55-156631 communique, be before the hole shaping is finished, to carry out hole forging on every side.According to the die forging method of this embodiment of the invention, the hole be shaped finish after, do not extract drift, with the 2nd drift or mould with hole forging and molding on every side.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that having the 1st step, the 2nd step and the 3rd step;
In the 1st step,, delimit die cavity in the side, an end of forging the base material; In the 2nd step, from forging the other end side of base material, extrusion forging base material stretches out this end of forging the base material, is filled in the above-mentioned die cavity, is configured as the profile of this one, obtains overhanging body like this;
In the 3rd step, be after the 2nd step, axially drift is squeezed in the above-mentioned overhanging body from this end end face, at above-mentioned overhanging body internal shaping recess.
Forging shaping over-hang part and recess on the base material, can improve stock utilization, productivity and forming accuracy by continuously, simultaneously, be not easy to produce forging defect.In addition, can correctly the be shaped profile of over-hang part.
In addition, also can be behind the 1st recess that has been shaped, with the 2nd drift that is configured in the drift peripheral part, big, shallow the 2nd recess continuously is shaped than the 1st recess on over-hang part.At this moment, produce the mobile obstacle of material can not resembling when carrying out the 1st recess and the 2nd recess simultaneously, can prevent the insufficient fill of over-hang part.
In addition, can breach be set in the part of mould pin, when over-hang part was shaped, protuberance was shaped on a part of forging base material end face.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that having A step and B step; In the A step, from forging an end end face of base material, axially drift is squeezed into and forged in the base material, be configured as recess; In the B step, after the A step,, on above-mentioned end face, form than big, shallow the 2nd recess of above-mentioned recess with the 2nd drift that is configured in above-mentioned drift peripheral part; In above-mentioned A step,, it is retreated while apply back pressure to being connected to the mould pin that forges the base material other end.
Forge the amount that is equivalent to the recess volume of base material, do not produce, forge the base material and flow continuously and swimmingly towards the backflow of being squeezed into the drift rightabout, so, minute crack do not produced.In addition, the plus-pressure of drift is as long as equate with base material operating force, so drift can be not crooked, can freely set concave depth.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape, obtains the formed products of top tubular, and this formed products has the protuberance that the bottom cuts, and it is characterized in that, has the 1st step and the 2nd step; In the 1st step, the top forging the base material is stretched out the original shape portion of raised part; In the 2nd step, after the 1st step, from overhanging direction with in the other direction above-mentioned original shape portion is flattened, raised part is stretched out to the side.
By shaping drum portion continuously with cut the protuberance of bottom, can improve stock utilization, productivity and forming accuracy, prevent that the crack of a portion and the top layer of undercut portions are involved in, and are not easy to produce forging defect.
The die forging method of another embodiment of the present invention pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape, obtains the formed products of top tubular, it is characterized in that, has A step, B step and C step; In the A step, on one side with the outer peripheral face of die cavity face shaping drum portion, the tube end surface is applied back pressure on one side, drift is pressed into the central portion that forges the base material, from the rear pushing, be configured as a portion; In the B step, when taking out above-mentioned formed products, extract the above-mentioned drift that shaping drum portion uses earlier; In the C step, after the B step, from the mould that the above-mentioned tube portion outer peripheral face that is shaped is used, extract above-mentioned formed products.
By reducing the withdrawing power of drift and mould, can prevent the distortion of formed products, can take out formed products conscientiously.
From top explanation as can be known, according to the present invention, can provide the die forging method that productivity is good, forming accuracy is high.
The accompanying drawing simple declaration
Fig. 1 is that Fig. 1 (A) is a plane with the figure of the brass system washing accessory structure of the die forging method shaping of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 1 (B) is the side sectional drawing, and Fig. 1 (C) is a stereogram.
Fig. 2 is that the device of spray nozzle front end accessory shown in Figure 1 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Fig. 3 is that the device of spray nozzle front end accessory shown in Figure 1 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Fig. 4 is that the device of spray nozzle front end accessory shown in Figure 1 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the oil pressure control system structure of presentation graphs 2, Fig. 3, brass material shown in Figure 4 usefulness forging apparatus.
Fig. 6 is the sectional drawing that Fig. 2 is represented with the thin portion amplification of counterdie 11, patrix 17 and the forging base material 3A of forging apparatus 10 to brass material shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 7 is the sectional drawing that Fig. 2 is represented with the thin portion amplification of counterdie 11, patrix 17 and the forging base material 3A of forging apparatus 10 to brass material shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 8 is the sectional drawing that Fig. 2 is represented with the thin portion amplification of counterdie 11, patrix 17 and the forging base material 3A of forging apparatus 10 to brass material shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 9 is the sectional drawing that Fig. 2 is represented with the thin portion amplification of counterdie 11, patrix 17 and the forging base material 3A of forging apparatus 10 to brass material shown in Figure 4.
The stroke curve figure of mould when Figure 10 is forging and molding and drift.
Figure 11 is the sectional drawing of expression with the pedestal structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 12 is the sectional drawing of the middle forged article of expression pedestal shown in Figure 11.
Figure 13 forges the device of middle forged article of pedestal shown in Figure 12 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 14 forges the device of middle forged article of pedestal shown in Figure 12 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 15 forges the device of middle forged article of pedestal shown in Figure 12 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 16 forges the device of middle forged article of pedestal shown in Figure 12 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 17 forges the device of middle forged article of pedestal shown in Figure 12 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 18 is the figure of the impeller construction of expression the present invention the 3rd embodiment, and Figure 18 (A) is a plane, and Figure 18 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 19 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of expression impeller shown in Figure 180, and Figure 19 (A) is a plane, and Figure 19 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 20 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 21 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 22 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 23 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 24 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 25 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 26 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 27 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 28 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 29 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 30 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 31 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 32 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 33 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 34 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 35 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 36 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 37 is the device of another embodiment of forged article in the middle of the expression forging impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process.
Figure 38 is the figure of expression with the water meter structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 6th embodiment, and Figure 38 (A) is the front sectional drawing, and Figure 38 (B) is the local section plane.
Figure 39 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of expression water meter shown in Figure 38, and Figure 39 (A) is the front sectional drawing, and Figure 39 (B) is the local section plane.
Figure 40 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 41 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 42 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 43 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 44 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 45 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 46 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 47 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 48 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 49 is the figure of the expression experimental rig of anti-SCC.
Figure 50 is the figure of expression corrosion resistance test device.
Figure 51 is expression corrosion resistance test result's a curve map.
Figure 52 is the figure of expression with the clout reel structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 7th embodiment, and Figure 52 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 52 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 53 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of clout axle shown in expression Figure 52, and Figure 53 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 53 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 54 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 53 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 55 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 53 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 56 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 53 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 57 is the figure of expression with the clout reel structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 8th embodiment, and Figure 57 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 57 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 58 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of clout axle shown in expression Figure 57, and Figure 58 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 58 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 59 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 58 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 60 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 58 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 61 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 58 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 62 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 58 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 63 is the figure of expression with the hand shower supporting member structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 9th embodiment, and Figure 63 (A) is the plane sectional drawing, and Figure 63 (B) is the side sectional drawing.
Figure 64 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 65 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 66 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 67 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 68 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 69 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 70 is that the sanitary equipment water purifying valve that is shaped with the die forging method of the present invention the 10th embodiment of expression (sanitary equipment ejection water purification with valve, the certain water yield of ejection then stop water spray automatically) covers the side sectional drawing of constructing.
Figure 71 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 72 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 73 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 74 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 75 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 76 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 77 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 78 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the H axle bush structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 11st embodiment.
Figure 79 is that the device of H axle bush shown in Figure 78 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 80 is that the device of H axle bush shown in Figure 78 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 81 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the threeway structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 12nd embodiment.
Figure 82 is that the device of threeway shown in Figure 81 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 83 is that the device of threeway shown in Figure 81 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 84 is that the device of threeway shown in Figure 81 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 85 is that the device of threeway shown in Figure 81 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 86 is that the device of threeway shown in Figure 81 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 87 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the how logical structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 13rd embodiment.
Figure 88 is that the many logical devices shown in Figure 87 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 89 is that the many logical devices shown in Figure 87 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 90 is that the many logical devices shown in Figure 87 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 91 is the assembly drawing of the tap of expression the present invention the 14th embodiment.
Figure 92 is the part drawing of the tap part shown in Figure 1 finished of expression cutting, and Figure 92 (A) is a plane, and Figure 92 (B) is a skiagraph, and Figure 92 (C) is a side view.
Figure 93 is the figure of the middle forged article of tap part shown in expression Figure 92, and Figure 93 (A) is a plane, and Figure 93 (B) is a skiagraph, and Figure 93 (C) is a side view.
Figure 94 is the plane that the device of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 95 is the side sectional drawing that the device of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 96 is the sectional drawing that the operation of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 97 is the sectional drawing that the operation of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 98 is the sectional drawing that the operation of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 99 is the sectional drawing that the operation of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 100 is the sectional drawing that the operation of the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is forged in expression.
Figure 101 is the figure of the shower support structure of expression the present invention the 15th embodiment, and Figure 101 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 101 (B) is a side view, and Figure 101 (C) is a front elevation, and Figure 101 (D) is a plane.
Figure 102 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 103 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 104 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 105 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 106 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 107 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 108 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 109 is the skiagraph of the part X structure of expression the present invention the 16th embodiment.
Figure 110 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 111 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 112 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 113 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 114 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 115 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 116 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 117 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 118 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 119 is that the device of X part shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 120 is the skiagraph of the part Y structure of expression the present invention the 17th embodiment.
Figure 121 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 122 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 123 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 124 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 125 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 126 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 127 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 128 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 129 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 130 is that the device of Y part shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 131 is the skiagraph of the part Z structure of expression the present invention the 18th embodiment.
Figure 132 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 133 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 134 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 135 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 136 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 137 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 138 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 139 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 140 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 141 is that the device of Z part shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
The working of an invention form
Explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 represents that Fig. 1 (A) is a plane with the structure of the brass system washing accessory of one embodiment of the invention die forging method shaping, and Fig. 1 (B) is a sectional side view, and Fig. 1 (C) is a stereogram.
Be arranged on the tap in kitchen, the bathroom, be provided with the part that is called nozzle.Inner near the front end of this nozzle, brazen spray nozzle front end accessory 3 is installed.
The upper part of this brass system spray nozzle front end accessory 3 is the fitting portions 4 that slightly are the D font.At the ora terminalis of fitting portion 4, form guiding inclined plane 4a.In addition, on spray nozzle front end accessory 3, the jog 7 that forms the flange portion 5 bigger, ladder fitting portion 6 and extend downwards from this ladder fitting portion 6 than fitting portion 4 diameters.This jog 7 be smaller diameter round-ended cylinder shape arranged, have protuberance 7b and its inboard recess 7a of section circle.Protuberance 7b is when recess 7a is shaped, is formed on the extended line of recess shaping direction.
As described later, part beyond the jog 7, be the shaping early stage (preceding forging process) behind matched moulds, the brass material is shaped, becomes the state (forging base material is full of the state in the chamber) that equates approximately up to volume and the brass base material volume 2 of shaping chamber and finish.Jog 7 is to be shaped continuously in follow-up deep hole forming process.
Spray nozzle front end accessory 3 has some sharp-pointed edge part 6a.In the forging process, these sharp-pointed edge part 6a also can precision be shaped well before above-mentioned.
Below, the material of above-mentioned desirable brass material is described.In order to reduce the deformation drag of forging and molding, the crystalline structure that this brass material is preferably following.
(a) be that crystalline structure below the 15 μ m constitutes by mean particle diameter;
(b) apparent Zn amount is 37～50wt%, and the Sn amount is 17～2.2wt%;
(c) at 450 ℃, the ratio with α phase is 44～65%, the ratio of β phase is 10～55%, the ratio of γ phase is 1～25% crystalline structure.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 is that the device of spray nozzle front end accessory shown in Figure 1 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
The brass material is with forging apparatus 10, has body frame (figure does not show), counterdie 11, the patrix 17 corresponding with this counterdie 11.Counterdie 11 has bed die 12, mould pin 13 and the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14, the 1 oil hydraulic cylinders 14 and is used for keeping also lifting to drive mould pin 13.Bed die 12 is fixed, and the top of bed die 12 is level.At the central portion of this bed die 12, be provided with the circular cross section pin inserting hole 15 of setting.Mould pin 13 can slide up and down to be contained in this pin inserting hole 15.Constitute the profile of the jog 7 of spray nozzle front end accessory 3 by this pin inserting hole 15 and mould pin 13.
Near the pin inserting hole 15 on bed die 12, form joggling hole 16 (see figure 6)s that are communicated with the upper end of pin inserting hole 15.This joggling hole 16 is used for the ladder fitting portion 6 of shaping nozzle front end accessory 3.
The 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 is erected to be configured in the below of mould pin 13, and the upper end of the piston rod 14a of the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected with mould pin 13.The 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 remains on Fig. 3, position shown in Figure 4 with mould pin 13, on one side perhaps the mould pin is applied confining force makes its decline on one side.In addition, this oil hydraulic cylinder 14 also can make mould pin 13 do vertical motion, so that release the spray nozzle front end accessory 3 after being shaped.
Patrix 17 has top shoe 18 and mold 19.In addition, patrix 17 has outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21.Top shoe 18 is driven lifting by main oil pressure cylinder 22.Last inner punch 21 is driven lifting by the 3rd oil hydraulic cylinder.Top shoe 18 can vertically be guided up and down by being guided portion, drives lifting by main oil pressure cylinder 22.The above-mentioned portion of being guided is slidably engaged on the guidance part that is formed on the body frame.
In the lower central portion of top shoe 18, form circular cross section recess 24 towards following opening.At least the upper end of mold 19 can slide up and down to be contained in the recess 24.Form the blade of a sword 19a of portion in the upper end of this mold 19,19a of this blade of a sword portion and clamping plate 25 clampings that are fixed on below the top shoe 18.
Below the mold 19, form the horizontal plane that joins above with bed die 12.Form the open spring eye 26 in some upper ends on the top of mold 19.Compression spring 27 is installed respectively in these spring eyes 26.The upper end wall of recess 24 is withstood in the upper end of these compression springs 27, and mold 19 is by these compression spring 27 powerful ground pushings downwards.
At the central portion of mold 19, be erected to form and keep supplying outer ram 20 and last inner punch drift inserting hole 28 21 insertions, that omit D font section.Last outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21 are inserted in this inserting hole 28 slidably.
At the lower face of mold 19, be provided with flange forming section 29 (see figure 6)s that are positioned at drift inserting hole 28 outsides.This flange forming section 29 is used for the flange portion 5 of shaping nozzle front end accessory 3.At the matched moulds state of Fig. 2, the flange forming section 29 of mold 19 is communicated with the joggling portion 16 of bed die 12.
Last outer ram 20 forms as one with top shoe 18, inserts slidably in the drift inserting hole 28.The section outer shape of last outer ram 20 is for omiting the D font.At the end portion of last outer ram 20, form fitting portion forming section 30 (see figure 6)s, this fitting portion forming section 30 is used for the fitting portion 4 of shaping nozzle front end accessory 3.As shown in Figure 2, at the matched moulds state, fitting portion forming section 30 spatially is communicated with joggling portion 16.
Last inner punch 21 is mainly used in the jog 7 of shaping nozzle front end accessory 3, is circular cross section.Should go up the inner punch inserting hole 31 that inner punch 21 liftably runs through outer ram 20 central parts.Last inner punch 21 is connected with the piston rod 23a of configuration the 3rd oil hydraulic cylinder 23 above it, is driven lifting by this oil hydraulic cylinder 23.
Among Fig. 2, the brass base material 3A of short cylindrical shape is arranged in the mould.This brass base material 3A is configured as spray nozzle front end accessory 3 shown in Figure 4 through the stage of formed body 3B in the middle of shown in Figure 3.
Below, the oil pressure control system of key diagram 2, Fig. 3, brass material forging apparatus shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the oil pressure control system structure of presentation graphs 2, Fig. 3, brass material forging apparatus shown in Figure 4.
This oil pressure control system has the hydraulic pressure supplying device 41 to the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder the 14, the 2nd oil hydraulic cylinder 22 and the 3rd oil hydraulic cylinder 23 supply oil pressure.In addition, has the oil hydraulic circuit that comprises electromagnetic type direction transfer valve 42～44 and electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 45,46.Also have plurality of detection switch 47 and control module 48.Hydraulic pressure supplying device 41 has oil pressure pump that figure do not show, CD-ROM drive motor, fuel tank etc.
Electromagnetic type direction transfer valve 42 is arranged on to the 2nd oil hydraulic cylinder 22 and supplies with in the oil circuit of oil pressure.Electromagnetic type direction transfer valve 43 is arranged on to the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 and supplies with in the oil circuit of oil pressure.Electromagnetic type direction transfer valve 44 is arranged on to the 3rd oil hydraulic cylinder 23 and supplies with in the oil circuit of oil pressure.
Electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 45 links to each other with oil circuit from oil pressure to the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 that supply with, and the oil pressure of being set by electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 45 supplies to this oil hydraulic cylinder 14.By the setting of this electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 45, set the back pressure of mould pin 13.Similarly, electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 46 links to each other with oil circuit from oil pressure to the 3rd oil hydraulic cylinder 23 that supply with, and the oil pressure of being set by electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 46 supplies to this oil hydraulic cylinder 23.
Several sense switches 47 comprise the upper limit position of inner punch 21 on the sense switch, detection of the upper limit position that detects mold 19 and lower position and sense switch of lower position etc.
Control module 48 has microcomputer and input/output interface.Storing control program in the ROM of microcomputer, this control program is controlled hydraulic pressure supplying device 41, electromagnetic type direction transfer valve 42～44, electromagnetic type ratio relief valve 45,46 according to the signal from plurality of detection switch 47.Microcomputer carries out control action according to this control program.
Below, describe the method that adopts above-mentioned forging apparatus 10 forging and molding spray nozzle front end accessories 3 in detail.
Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 is the sectional drawing that Fig. 2 is represented with counterdie 11, patrix 17 and the forging base material 3A amplification of forging apparatus 10 to brass material shown in Figure 4.
When Figure 10 is forging and molding, the curve map of mould and punch stroke.
At first, as shown in Figure 6, on mentioning inner punch 21, on the state of outer ram 20, forge base material 3A and be placed in the joggling hole 16 of bed die 12 being heated to about 300～600 ℃ brass.During following forging and molding, brass base material 3A is shaped with the state that remains on 550 ℃ of following temperature.In order to realize that non-trimming is shaped, be to equate with the net volume of spray nozzle front end accessory 3 with the volume settings of this brass base material 3A.
Then, as shown in Figure 7, mold 19 is descended, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join, with patrix 17 and counterdie 11 matched moulds.This matched moulds is by switching electromagnetism direction transfer valve 42 shown in Figure 5, make the piston rod 22a elongation of the 2nd oil hydraulic cylinder 22, slide block 18 being fallen carried out.At the state of this matched moulds, the lower end of last outer ram 20 and the lower end of last inner punch become with one side, and near the upper surface of brass base material 3A.This state is corresponding to moment t1～t2 of Figure 10.
Then, the setting of solenoid-operated proportional relief valve 45 pressed be set at high pressure, will be set at high value the confining force (plus-pressure or supporting force) of mould pin 13.Meanwhile, operation electromagnetism direction transfer valve 43 makes 14 actions of the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder, sets the height and position of mould pin 13, so that the upper end of mould pin 13 becomes with one side with the lower end in joggling hole 16 as illustrated in fig. 8.After the determining positions of mould pin 13, electromagnetism direction transfer valve 43 is switched to occlusion locations a.
Then, will go up the driving that descends integratedly of outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21, as shown in Figure 8, shaping brass base material 3A becomes the state that equates approximately up to the volume of shaping cavity C with the volume of brass base material 3A.At this state, finished the shaping (preceding forging process) of part (being fitting portion 4, flange portion 5 and ladder fitting portion 6) in addition of jog 7 (see figure 9)s.This shaping is being pressed the state that is set in high pressure to the setting of solenoid-operated proportional relief valve 45,46, switches electromagnetism direction transfer valve 42,44, and the piston rod 22a of the 2nd oil hydraulic cylinder 22 and the piston rod 23a of the 3rd oil hydraulic cylinder 23 are descended synchronously.
In the preceding forging process, electromagnetism direction transfer valve 43 remains on occlusion locations a.Because the oil of oil hydraulic system is incompressible fluid, so, in preceding forging process, supply the oil pressure of a side grease chamber (downside grease chamber) of past the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 to remain high value, mould pin 13 can not retreat towards the below.Therefore, in preceding forging process, make, brass base material 3A is configured as middle formed body 3B such shown in Fig. 8 (or Fig. 3) by closing mould forging.This state is corresponding to moment t2～t3 of Figure 10.
Then as shown in Figure 9, will go up inner punch 21 declines and drive, and make mould pin 13 retreat driving simultaneously toward belows.Like this, with above-mentioned before the forging process jog 7 that is shaped continuously.At this deep hole shaping, solenoid-operated proportional relief valve 45 is switched to the setting lower than the pushing force of last inner punch 21 presses, electromagnetism direction transfer valve 43 is switched to bar be retracted into position b, be retracted into the restriction 43a of position b again by the bar of electromagnetism direction transfer valve 43, the confining force (back pressure) of mould pin 13 is remained low value.This state is corresponding to moment t3～t4 of Figure 10.
The setting of solenoid-operated proportional relief valve 45 pressed sets fully lowly, with the decrease speed of last inner punch 21 relatively, suitably set the aperture of the restriction 43a of electromagnetism direction transfer valve 43, can keep low value for oil pressure toward 14 side grease chambeies of the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder.In addition, the decline power of last inner punch 21 is suitably set by solenoid-operated proportional relief valve 46, and it is the lower value that can be shaped that this setting is pressed.
In the deep hole forming process, use material among the middle formed body 3B shown in Figure 8, that be positioned at inner punch 21 lower portion, form jog 7.Like this, the brass material volume settings with this part is to equate approximately with the net volume of jog 7.If satisfied this condition, then when being shaped centre formed body 3B, the upper end position of mould pin 13 is not limited to Fig. 7, position shown in Figure 8, can be higher slightly than shown position, and also can be low slightly.
Above-mentioned forging process is returned to upper limit position with patrix after finishing.With oil hydraulic cylinder 14 mould pin 13 is risen to upper limit position again.Like this, release the spray nozzle front end accessory 3 that has been shaped, from counterdie 11, take out.
Above-mentioned forging and molding method has following action effect.
(1) in preceding forging process, set the confining force of mould pin 13 fully high, and mould pin 13 is held in a predetermined position, at this state, shaping brass base material 3A, volume up to the shaping cavity C becomes the state (promptly forging base material 3A has been full of in the cavity C) that equates approximately with the volume of brass base material 3A, has finished jog 7 shaping of part (fitting portion 4, flange portion 5, ladder fitting portion 6) in addition.Therefore, before the jog 7 that begins to be shaped, non-trimming ground, the precision part beyond the jog 7 that is shaped well almost.Especially can with the part beyond the forging upsetting shaping similarly jog 7 under the hydrostatic pressing, so, be not easy to produce the rift defect that causes by the frictional force that acts between brass material and the bed die 12.
(2) in preceding forging process, when the piston rod 14a of oil hydraulic cylinder 14 being retreated the confining force that keeps mould pin 13, can absorb the deviation of weight of brass base material 3A by retreating of this piston rod 14a.
(3) in the deep hole forming process, with the shaping of part beyond the jog 7 continuously, the part beyond the jog 7 is enclosed in the metal pattern, inner punch 21 is descended drives, this drift 21 is squeezed among the forging base material 3A.At this moment, the confining force of mould pin 13 is switched to low value, on one side at the state that applies back pressure mould pin 13 is retreated, Yi Bian the jog 7 that is shaped.Like this because the brass material does not flow upward in the shaping of jog 7, so, even not too improve the plus-pressure of going up inner punch 21, also can precision well, non-trimming ground shaping jog 7.
(4) in the deep hole forming process since in the shaping of jog 7 brass material adverse current upward not, so, be not easy to produce the defective that is involved in that mobile difference by the brass material among the edge part 16a causes.Therefore, but also the part of the 16a of profiled edge portion with sharp shape.In addition, material does not flow upward in the shaping of jog 7, can not be created in the resistance increase that it causes because of the frictional force of brass material and bed die 12 in flowing, so, needn't improve very much the plus-pressure of going up inner punch 21, last inner punch 21 is not easy bending, improves durability.
(5) adopt the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14 as the maintaining body that keeps mould pin 13, change, change confining force mould pin 13 by the oil pressure that makes a side grease chamber that supplies past the 1st oil hydraulic cylinder 14, so, confining force can suitably be regulated to mould pin 13.
(6) since with the brass material remaining on the state forging and molding of 550 ℃ of following temperature, so, even the parts that the degree of depth of recess 7a is dark, forging time is long also can forge under the certain deformation resistance.In addition, this temperature of 550 ℃ is below the temperature of the hot rolling tool steel (JIS SKD61 etc.) that is generally used for this metal pattern, so, can fully guarantee the durability of metal pattern.
In the above-mentioned die forging method, as forging material, the good brass of processability is one of desirable material comparatively.But as the last wetting system parts that dwelling house is used, brass is compared with bronze, exists the problem of corrosion resistance difference.But, cooled formed products, if at least a among the crystalline structure of (1) shown below～(3), then the problem of corrosion resistance etc. is in degree of admission.
(1) alpha+beta mutually and β area ratio mutually more than 20%, and α phase and β average crystallite particle diameter mutually be below 15 μ m, Sn concentration the crystalline structure 1.5wt% more than of β in mutually.
(2) α+γ mutually with γ area ratio mutually 3～30%, and the average grain diameter of α phase is below 15 μ m, the average crystallite particle diameter (minor axis) of γ phase below 8 μ m, the Sn concentration of γ in mutually more than 8wt%, the crystalline structure of the γ phase that in the grain circle of α phase, is scattered here and there.
(3) alpha+beta+γ mutually with α area ratio mutually 40～94%, β is respectively 3～30% with α area ratio mutually mutually, and, α mutually with β average crystallite particle diameter mutually below 15 μ m, the average crystallite particle diameter (minor axis) of γ phase is below 8 μ m, the Sn concentration of γ in mutually is more than 8wt%, and γ surrounds the crystalline structure of α phase mutually.
The crystalline structure of above-mentioned (1)～(3), its the 1st feature is, stretch the Dezincification corrosion of copper association technical standard (JBMA T-303) according to Japan and test, the maximum dezincify degree of depth has the corrosion resistance that has below the 100 μ m, when vertical with machine direction below the 70 μ m when parallel with machine direction.
The 2nd feature is, on one side the cylindrical shape sample is applied 180N/mm 2Loading, Yi Bian be exposed in the ammonia environment on 14% ammonia spirit 24 hours, sample is the crack not, promptly has SCC resistance.
The 3rd feature is to have 300N/mm 2Above 0.2% endurance or yield stress.
The 4th feature is to have corrosion resistance.
In order to obtain above-mentioned crystalline structure, for example, adopting apparent Zn amount is that 37～50wt%, Sn amount are the brass material of the composition of 1.7～2.2wt%.
" apparent Zn amount (wt%) " described here, be meant, if A is Cu amount (wt%), B when being Zn amount (wt%), t for the Zn equivalent that added the 3rd element (for example Sn), Q for the amount (wt%) of the 3rd element, " { (B+tQ)/(A+B+tQ) } * 100 ".
The brass material of mentioned component in forging, forges the crystalline structure of base material, preferably the average crystallite particle diameter of minor axis material below 15 μ m, that have the γ phase.This crystalline structure in the processing, even while 300～550 ℃ low-temperature region make its again crystallization make its plastic deformation, also can guarantee to forge the ductility of base material.
Be controlled in 20 degree with the temperature difference of forging when finishing when forging beginning, can be when the processing beginning and during process finishing, make the ductility of base material certain, improve the formability of forging the base material.
With forge the temperature difference of base material with drift or mould be controlled at 20 spend below, perhaps, can improve formability drift or mold heated to 300～550 ℃.Like this,, for example, heater and thermometer group are gone in drift or the mould in order to carry out the temperature control of drift or mould, can be according to the detection signal of thermometer output, with the caloric value of temperature controller control heater.
The following describes the 2nd embodiment
Figure 11 is the sectional drawing of expression with the pedestal structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 12 is the sectional drawing of the middle forged article of expression pedestal shown in Figure 11.
This pedestal 50 is short tube shapes, has the fixed base portion 51 and the stage portion 52 that are fixed on the predetermined installed surface.In order to form this pedestal 50, forged article 50B in the middle of will forging earlier.Middle forged article 50B has bottom 53, the original shape portion of pedestal portion 54 of belt edge 54a, stage portion original shape portion 55.Bottom 53, the edge 54a of original shape portion of pedestal portion 54 that will this centre forged article 50B with methods such as machining cut, and just obtain the pedestal of Figure 11.
Figure 13 to Figure 17 is that the device of the middle forged article of pedestal shown in Figure 12 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and knock-out pin 15, and this knock-out pin 15 can slide up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19 and upper punch 24, and this upper punch 24 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of mold 19 by cylinder pressure.Bed die 12 is fixed, mold 19 lifting between die opening state and matched moulds state.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.This joggling hole 12a be used to be shaped stage portion original shape portion 55 and the original shape portion of pedestal portion 54 of forged article 50B in the middle of the pedestal.Part 12b by this joggling hole 12a surrounds is positioned at the top high position than bed die 12.Upper punch 24 following, with the relative part 24a of above-mentioned joggling hole 12a, form concavity.At the matched moulds state, the 24a of this concavity portion of upper punch 24 is communicated with the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12.
The following describes forging process.
At first, as shown in figure 13,,, be placed on the part 12b that is surrounded by the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 warmed-up forging base material 50A in die opening state.At this moment, upper punch 24 is positioned at the position that retreats below mold 19.
Then, as shown in figure 14, mold 19 and drift 24 are descended.
Make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.At this moment, knock-out pin 15 is held in a predetermined position (top and face bed die 12 is positioned at on the one side).Forge base material 50A flow deformation, the original shape 53 of the bottom 53 of middle forged article 50B ', the original shape 54 of pedestal original shape portion 54 ', the original shape 55 of stage portion original shape portion 55 ' a part be formed.
Then, as shown in figure 15, only upper punch 24 is further descended, the feasible space that forms by bed die 12, mold 19, upper punch 24, identical approximately with the volume that forges base material 50A.In this process, forge base material 50A and be filled to each position, be configured as middle forged article 50B with bottom 53, original shape portion of pedestal portion 54, stage portion original shape portion 55.
This forging and molding as shown in figure 16, is got back to upper limit position with patrix after finishing again.Then, as shown in figure 17, knock-out pin 15 is risen, forged article 50B in the middle of releasing.At last, with methods such as machining, the edge 54a from middle forged article 50B removes bottom 53, original shape portion of pedestal portion 54 just obtains final pedestal 50.
According to this routine die forging method, with the hole that drift 24 is shaped and is made of bottom 53 and stage portion original shape portion 55, then, like this, can successfully supply with the base material towards periphery from central portion with the original shape portion of pedestal portion 54 around drift 24 shaped holes, improve formability.
Below, the 3rd embodiment is described.
Figure 18 is the figure of the impeller construction of expression the present invention the 3rd embodiment, and Figure 18 (A) is a plane, and Figure 18 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 19 represents the structure of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 180, and Figure 19 (A) is a plane, and Figure 19 (B) is a sectional drawing.
This routine impeller 60 has hub portion 61 and blade part 62, and the axis hole 63 of perforation is arranged in central authorities.For this impeller 60 that is shaped, forged article 60B in the middle of will forging earlier.Middle forged article 60B has stage portion 62b, the drift stage portion 62c of the outer overlap 62a of portion, the end face overlap 63a of portion, mounting base material.With methods such as machining, remove the outer overlap 62a of portion of this centre forged article 60B, the stage portion 62b of mounting base material, drift stage portion 62c, the end face overlap 63a of portion just can obtain impeller shown in Figure 180.
Figure 20 to Figure 26 is that the device of the middle forged article of impeller shown in Figure 19 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and knock-out pin 15, and this knock-out pin 15 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19, and this mold 19 has outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21.Last outer ram 20 is not connected with drive source, can slide up and down to be configured in the drift inserting hole of mold 19.The decline of last outer ram 20 is by the stop surface 19b backstop of patrix 19.Last inner punch 21 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of last outer ram 20.The decline of last inner punch 21 is by the stop surface 20a backstop of last outer ram 20.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.The outer overlap 62a of portion, stage portion 62b, the punching stage portion 62c of mounting base material, the end face overlap 63a of portion of forged article 60B in the middle of this joggling hole 12a is used to be shaped.On following, relative with the above-mentioned joggling hole 12a part of mold 19, also form joggling hole 19a.At the matched moulds state, these joggling holes 12a, 19a are communicated with.
The following describes forging process.
At first, as shown in figure 20,,, be placed in the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 warmed-up forging base material 60A in die opening state.Then as shown in figure 21, mold 19 and last inner punch 21 are descended simultaneously, join and matched moulds above the following and bed die 12 of mold 19.At this moment, last outer ram 20 following with forge base material 60A above join and backstop.Last outer ram 20 is not applied loading, this drift 20 is to retreat shape with respect to mold 19.
Then as shown in figure 22, inner punch 21 is descended, till the stop surface 20a with last outer ram 20 joins.The part of the end face overlap 63a of portion of axis hole 63 here is shaped.At this moment, last outer ram 20 is contacting with forging base material 3A.
Then as shown in figure 23, inner punch 21 is further descended.At this moment, last inner punch 21 is by the stop surface 20a backstop of last outer ram 20, and last outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21 descend simultaneously, and last outer ram 20 joins with the stop surface 19b of mold 19.At this moment form axis hole 63.Simultaneously, forge base material flow deformation, be filled in each joggling hole, form the outer overlap 62a of portion by the base material that reaches periphery, the end face overlap 63a of portion fully is shaped.Inner punch 21 is completed into axis hole 63 in the insertion, uses outer ram 20 compressions again, and when forming hub portion 61, with material Zhou Fangxiang extruding outward from the center, the expansion evolution of base material improves formability to evenly.
After this forges and finishes, as shown in figure 24, from forged article, extract out and go up inner punch 21.Then as shown in figure 25, patrix is got back to upper limit position again.At this moment, last outer ram 20 also rises simultaneously.Then, as shown in figure 26, knock-out pin 15 is risen, forged article 60B in the middle of releasing.In addition, a part of 12c of bed die 12 also similarly rises with knock-out pin 15, the discharge of forged article 60B in the middle of helping.
Then,, remove stage portion 62b, the drift stage portion 62c of the outer overlap 62a of portion, the end face overlap 63a of portion, mounting base material, obtain final product impeller 60 with methods such as machining.
In the die forging method of the 3rd embodiment, when inner punch 21 on handle (the 1st drift) is squeezed into and forged in the base material 60A, make inner punch 21 (the 1st drift) use outer ram 20 (the 2nd drift or mould) processing with standing fast and forge the base material.Therefore, the shape of the part that is shaped by last inner punch 21 (the 1st drift) can not destroyed.
The following describes the 4th embodiment.
Figure 27 to Figure 33 is the sectional drawing that middle device forged article, another embodiment of impeller shown in Figure 19 and forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and knock-out pin 15, and this knock-out pin 15 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19, and this mold 19 has outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21.Last outer ram 20 is not connected with drive source, can slide up and down to be configured in the drift inserting hole of mold 19.The decline of last outer ram 20 is stopped by the following stop surface 19b backstop of mold 19, and the rising of last outer ram 20 is stopped by the last stop surface 19c backstop of mold 19.Last inner punch 21 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of last outer ram 20.The decline of last inner punch 21 is stopped by the stop surface 20a backstop of last outer ram 20.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.The outer overlap 62a of portion, stage portion 62b, the punching stage portion 62c of mounting base material, the end face overlap 63a of portion of forged article 60B in the middle of this joggling hole 12a is used to be shaped.On following, relative with the above-mentioned joggling hole 12a part of mold 19, also form joggling hole 19a, at the matched moulds state, these joggling holes 12a, 19a are communicated with.
The following describes forging process.
At first, as shown in figure 27,,, be placed in the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 warmed-up forging base material 60A in die opening state.Last outer ram 20 is positioned on the following stop surface 19b of mold 19.Then as shown in figure 28, mold 19 and last inner punch 21 are descended simultaneously, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join.But matched moulds not at this moment.Last outer ram 20 following with forge base material 60A above join and by backstop.This drift 20 retreats into the last stop surface 19c of mold 19 with respect to mold 19.Forge base material 60A and pushed and flow deformation by last inner punch 21, mold 19, by the part of stretching out to peripheral direction, the part 62 of beginning shaping blade '.Simultaneously, the end face overlap 63a of portion that begins to be shaped.
Then as shown in figure 29, inner punch 21 is descended, till the stop surface 20a with last outer ram 20 joins.The part of the end face overlap 63a of portion of axis hole 63 here is shaped.Simultaneously, further the part 62 of shaping blade portion '.At this moment, the base material of being released by last inner punch 21 moves, and outer ram 20 is retreated, and the patrix of matched moulds does not retreat yet.
Then as shown in figure 30, inner punch 21 is further descended.At this moment, last inner punch 21 is by the stop surface 20a backstop of last outer ram 20, and last outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21 descend simultaneously.In addition, mold 19 also descends and matched moulds.At this moment form axis hole 63.Simultaneously, forge base material flow deformation, be filled in each joggling hole, be completed into blade part 62 by the base material that reaches periphery, the end face overlap 63a of portion fully is shaped.Insert to go up inner punch 21 again and be completed into axis hole 63, use outer ram 20 compressions, when forming hub portion 61, with material from the center Zhou Fangxiang diffusion outward, the expansion evolution of base material improves formability to evenly.In these processes, last inner punch 21 is the states that inserting, and axis hole 63 conscientiously can be shaped.
After this forges and finishes, as shown in figure 31, from forged article, extract out and go up inner punch 21.Then shown in figure 32, patrix is got back to upper limit position again.At this moment, last outer ram 20 also rises simultaneously.Then, as shown in figure 33, knock-out pin 15 is risen, forged article 60B in the middle of releasing.In addition, a part of 12c of bed die 12 also similarly rises with knock-out pin 15, forged article 60B in the middle of discharging.
Then,, remove stage portion 62b, the drift stage portion 62c of the outer overlap 62a of portion, the end face overlap 63a of portion, mounting base material, obtain final product impeller 60 with methods such as machining.
In the die forging method of the 4th embodiment, when inner punch 21 on handle (the 1st drift) is squeezed into and forged in the base material 60A, make inner punch 21 (the 1st drift) use outer ram 20 (the 2nd drift or mould) processing with standing fast and forge the base material.Therefore, the shape of the part that is shaped by last inner punch 21 (the 1st drift) can not destroyed.
The following describes the 5th embodiment.
Figure 34 to Figure 37 is the sectional drawing that middle device forged article, another embodiment of impeller shown in Figure 19 and forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12, mould pin 13 and knock-out pin 15.Mould pin 13 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of bed die 12.Knock-out pin 15 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19 and upper punch 24, and this upper punch 24 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of mold 19.The decline of upper punch 24 is stopped by the following stop surface 19b backstop of mold 19.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.The outer overlap 62a of portion, stage portion 62b, the drift stage portion 62c of mounting base material, the end face overlap 63a of portion of forged article 60B in the middle of this joggling hole 12a is used to be shaped.On following, relative with the above-mentioned joggling hole 12a part of mold 19, also form joggling hole 19a, at the matched moulds state, these joggling holes 12a, 19a are communicated with.
The following describes forging process.
At first, as shown in figure 34,,, be placed in the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 warmed-up forging base material 60A in die opening state.At this moment, top and face joggling hole 12a of mould pin 13 is positioned at on the one side, is set to low confining force.Then as shown in figure 35, mold 19 and upper punch 24 are descended simultaneously, will join and matched moulds above the following and bed die 12 of mold 19.At this moment, forge base material flow deformation, be filled in each shaped hole.Blade part 62 is shaped fully.Simultaneously, mould pin 13 retreats so forged base material 60A pushing slightly because of having only low confining force (back pressure).The part of the end face overlap 63a of portion here is shaped.
Then as shown in figure 36, upper punch 24 is descended, till the stop surface 19b with mold 19 joins.Simultaneously, mould pin 13 retreats.Axis hole 63 fully here is shaped.After blade part 62 is shaped fully, form axis hole 63, the correctly profile of shaping blade portion 62 with upper punch 24.
This as shown in figure 37, takes out upper punch 24 after forging and finishing from forged article.Then, patrix is got back to upper limit position again.Then, knock-out pin 15 is risen, forged article 60B in the middle of releasing.
Then,, remove stage portion 62b, the drift stage portion 62c of the outer overlap 62a of portion, the end face overlap 63a of portion, mounting base material, obtain final product impeller 60 with methods such as machining.
In the die forging method of the 5th embodiment, mold 19 (mould of die-forging forming product profile) and upper punch 24 (drift of shaping formed products recess) are combined, from same direction extrusion forging base material 60A, forge, and, it is retreated on one side in forging, mould pin 13 is applied back pressure on one side.Like this, the like that complex-shaped product of impeller that can be shaped.
Among this embodiment,, form with mold 19 (mould) and upper punch 24 (drift) with the different time.If mould and drift (or several drifts) are moved integratedly, then in forging, may produce near the problem of the insufficient fill of upper punch 24 (drift) root.But, adopt the two to form with the different time, perhaps be shaped with several drifts with the different time, just can prevent the not enough problem of above-mentioned partial stowage.
The following describes the 6th embodiment.
Figure 38 represents the middle forged article structure with the water meter of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 6th embodiment, and Figure 39 (A) is the front sectional drawing, and Figure 39 (B) is the local section plane.
Figure 39 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of expression water meter shown in Figure 38, and Figure 39 (A) is the front sectional drawing, and Figure 39 (B) is the local section plane.
This routine water meter 70 has blade insertion section 71 and lid threaded portion 72 that rotating vane (figure does not show) is installed in central authorities.In addition, have from the insertion section 71 to the lower right flowing water entry 73 to flowing water exit passageway 74 that extends and below extension left.At the leading section of flowing water exit passageway 74 and flowing water entry 73, be provided with outlet threaded portion 74a and inlet threaded portion 73a.Middle forged article 70B, as shown in figure 44, the front at this outlet threaded portion 74a and inlet threaded portion 73a has the 74b of overlap portion, 73b respectively.In addition, enter position in the insertion section 71, have the 74c of overlap portion, 73c at each flowing water path.With methods such as machining, remove the 74b of this overlap portion, 73b, 74c, 73c, obtain the water meter 70 of finished product.
Figure 40 to Figure 48 is that the device of the middle forged article of water meter shown in Figure 39 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
Figure 40 is the side sectional drawing of this forging apparatus, and Figure 41 is a plane, and Figure 43 is the side sectional drawing of A-A section.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.The knock-out pin 15 that counterdie has bed die 12, left and right sides drift 226,227 and middle drift 228, slides up and down in the pin inserting hole.Left and right sides drift 226,227 slides in the drift inserting hole that is formed at bed die about 19 as shown in figure 45.Middle drift 228 slides in the drift inserting hole that is formed at bed die 19 fronts as shown in figure 41.Left and right sides drift inserting hole is being positioned on the horizontal section always on the line as shown in figure 41, and middle drift inserting hole and left and right sides drift inserting hole are mutually the right angle on horizontal section.In addition, left drift inserting hole and right drift inserting hole descend direction to tilt outwardly.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.On the part below mold 19, relative with above-mentioned joggling hole 12a, also form joggling hole 19a.At the matched moulds state, these joggling holes 12a, 19a are communicated with.
Mold 19 built-in heater (figure does not show).In addition, as shown in figure 42, in the periphery of bed die 12 and mold 19, the adiabatic material of reeling.The land area of each mould is covered with insulation by adiabatic material 229 and SUS plate 230.
The following describes forging process.
At first as shown in figure 43, in die opening state, warmed-up forging base material 70A is placed on the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12.Then as shown in figure 44, mold 19 is descended, join and matched moulds with bed die 12.Then as shown in figure 45, drift 228 in the insertion.At this moment, forge base material 70A flow deformation, blade insertion section 71 and lid threaded portion 72, each flowing water path 74 ', 73 ' a part be formed.Insert the end back drift 228 is also being acted on confining force.Then as shown in figure 46, left side drift 226 and right side drift 227 are side by side inserted until reaching the stop surface position.Here, be shaped threaded portion 74a, 73b and the 74c of overlap portion, the 73c of each flowing water path.
After this forged and finishes, as shown in figure 47, drift 228, left side drift 226, right side drift 227 retreated in making.Then, as shown in figure 48, patrix is got back to upper limit position again.Knock-out pin 15 is risen, forged article 70B in the middle of releasing.With methods such as above-mentioned machining, process this centre forging and molding product, remove part not, obtain final formed products.
In the die forging method of the 6th embodiment, comprise overhanging operation and forming process.Stretching out operation, forming over-hang part with forging.In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape.In same mould, carry out above-mentioned two operations.
Like this, in forming process, the over-hang part that forms in overhanging operation is forged with left and right sides drift 226,227 (drift etc.), so, to compare when only being shaped with overhanging operation, the filling of material is good.In addition, owing to carry out overhanging operation and forming process in same mould, so the kind of mould is few, the cost of mould is low.In addition, in forging, needn't move on in other pressing mold forging the base material, so improve productivity.
This final formed products has SCC resistance.
Figure 49 is the figure of the expression experimental rig of anti-SCC.
So-called SCC resistance is meant on one side sample is applied 180N/mm 2Loading, Yi Bian be exposed in the ammonia environment on 14% ammonia spirit 24 hours, sample is the characteristic in crack not.This anti-SCC test is in glass drier 231, and cylinder shaped test piece 232 is applied the state of vertical load, makes it at NH 3After exposing 24 hours in the steam ambient, the situation of observing the crack.
In addition, has corrosion resistance.
Figure 50 is the figure of expression corrosion resistance test.
Corrosion resistance test is to adopt inner foraminate cylinder shaped test piece 53, and water is flow through this aperture 233 in the given time with the flow velocity of 40m/sec, then, and at 4.9 * 105Pa (kg/cm 2) hydraulic pressure under, measure for aperture 233 sealings and the Tightening moment that need apply resin plug 234.
Figure 51 is expression corrosion resistance test result's a curve map.
From this result as can be known, has good characteristic than before brass material.
The following describes the 7th embodiment
Figure 52 is that Figure 52 (A) is a stereogram with the figure of the clout reel structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 7th embodiment, and Figure 52 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 53 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of clout axle shown in expression Figure 52, and Figure 53 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 53 (B) is a sectional drawing.
The middle forged article 80 of this example has axial region 81, last minor diameter part 82, large-diameter portion 83, following minor diameter part 84.Middle forged article 80B, the 80a of its clout portion is from minor diameter part 84 is outstanding down.Remove the 80a of this clout portion with methods such as machining, just obtain final middle forged article 80.
Figure 54 to Figure 56 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 53 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and mould pin 13, and this mould pin 13 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19, is provided with outer ram integratedly.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.Last outer ram 20 is entrenched in the 12a of this joggling hole.Below last outer ram 20, form joggling hole 20b.
The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 54,, warmed-up forging base material 80A is placed in the joggling hole 12a on the bed die 12 in die opening state.Then shown in Figure 55, mold 19 is descended, make the following of outer ram 20 and join above the forging base material 80A.At this moment, the following of mold 19 with above the bed die 12 do not join.Mould pin 13 is not acted on confining force.At this state, last outer ram 20 makes and forges base material 80A flow deformation, with the part of axial region 81, upward minor diameter part 82, large-diameter portion 83, minor diameter part 84 shapings down.
Then shown in Figure 56, mold 19 is descended, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.At this moment, if because of forging loading that pushing of base material act on the mould pin 13 confining force greater than mould pin 13, then remaining forging base material 3A overcomes the confining force of mould pin 13, and mould pin 13 is retreated.At this moment, remaining forging base material 80A flows in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12, the shaping clout 80a of portion.In addition, also flow into axial region 81, axial region 81 is shaped fully.At last, mold 19 is risen, mould pin 13 is risen, release formed products.
In this forming process, when forging base material 80A and be filled in the shaped hole, the confining force that mould pin 13 is applied is greater than the loading that acts on the mould pin 13.Therefore, forge the thin portion that base material 80A can be filled to shaped hole effectively, remaining base material flows into the pin inserting hole, so do not produce partial stowage's deficiency.In addition, the filling part that retreats part is removed in the operation of back fully, so residue base material has no adverse effects to precision.In addition, because the usable oils cylinder pressure is regulated the confining force of setting mould pin 13, so, when forging base material 80 is filled in the shaped hole, can easily grasp the loading that acts on the mould pin 13.Therefore, available required minimal plastic force forges.
In addition, when in forging process, becoming the state that has been full of, because setting lowly, so remaining forging base material 80A and mould pin 13 join, and overcome the confining force of mould pin 13 to the confining force of mould pin 13.Because on one side mould pin 13 is moved to flow into pin insertion hole, so, do not produce the forging interruption that causes because of airtight high pressure conditions, also can reduce load to mould.
The following describes the 8th embodiment.
Figure 57 is that Figure 57 (A) is a stereogram with the figure of the clout reel structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 8th embodiment, and Figure 57 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Figure 58 is the figure of the middle forged article structure of clout axle shown in expression Figure 57, and Figure 58 (A) is a stereogram, and Figure 58 (B) is a sectional drawing.
Middle forged article 90 has edge part 91, hole portion 92, axial region 93.Middle forged article 90B, the 90a of its clout portion is outstanding from axial region 93.Remove the 90a of this clout portion with methods such as machining, obtain final clout axle 90.
Figure 59 to Figure 62 is that the device of the middle forged article of clout axle shown in Figure 58 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and mould pin 13, and this mould pin 13 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19 and upper punch 24, and this upper punch 24 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of mold 19.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.Below mold 19, with the relative part of above-mentioned joggling hole 12a, form joggling hole 19a.During matched moulds, these joggling holes 12a, 19a are communicated with.
The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 59,, warmed-up forging base material 90A is placed in the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 in die opening state.At this moment, top and face joggling hole 12a of mould pin 13 is positioned at on the one side.Then shown in Figure 60, mold 19 and upper punch 24 are descended simultaneously, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.
Then shown in Figure 61, make upper punch 24 drop to for the 1st stage.At this moment, forge base material flow deformation, with a part, hole portion 92, axial region 93 shapings of edge part 91.Here, because of forging the loading that acts on the mould pin 13 that pushes of base material, equate with the confining force of mould pin 13, so mould pin 13 stands fast.Then shown in Figure 62, make upper punch 24 drop to for the 2nd stage.At this moment, act on loading on the mould pin 13 greater than confining force, remaining forging base material 90A overcomes the confining force of mould pin 13, and mould pin 13 is retreated.Here, edge part 91 is shaped fully, and remaining forging base material 90A flows into the pin inserting hole, forms the clout 90a of portion.
At last, make patrix be returned to upper limit position, forged article in the middle of releasing.Then, remove the 90a of deflashing portion, obtain final clout axle 90 with methods such as machining.
The following describes the 9th embodiment.
Figure 63 is the figure of expression with the hand shower supporting member structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 9th embodiment, and Figure 63 (A) is the plane sectional drawing, and Figure 63 (B) is the side sectional drawing.
This routine hand shower supporting member 100 is that the round-ended cylinder shape is arranged, and has dark recess (the 1st recess) 101 that be used to insert hand shower and the shallow recess (the 2nd recess) 102 in the big footpath of Bi Qi.In the end of opening, be provided with the over-hang part 103 that stretches out to periphery, the end in sealing is provided with little projection 104.
Figure 64 to Figure 69 is that the device of hand shower supporting member shown in Figure 63 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and mould pin 13, and this mould pin 13 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Patrix has mold 19, goes up outer ram 20 and last inner punch 21.Last outer ram 20 slides up and down between the following stop surface 19b of mold 19 and last stop surface 19c.In addition, last outer ram 20 is pushed towards the top by spring 20c.Last inner punch 21 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of last outer ram 20.
Formation recess 13a on mould pin 13.This recess 13a be used to be shaped projection 104 of hand shower supporting member 100.Formation joggling hole 19a below mold 19.
The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 64, in die opening state, warmed-up forging base material 100A be placed in the bed die 12, mould pin 13 above.At this moment, by below the last outer ram 20 of top pushing, and go up inner punch 21 following and bed die 19 following together simultaneously on.Then shown in Figure 65, mold 19 and last inner punch 21 are descended simultaneously, will join and matched moulds above the following and bed die 12 of mold 19.Then shown in Figure 66, mould pin 13 is risen.At this moment, last inner punch 21 is positioned at the position of Figure 65.Forge base material 100A flow deformation, over-hang part 103 is formed, simultaneously shaping jut 104 on end face.Like this, by the recess of shaping usefulness is set, just can carry out the shaping of complicated shape on mould pin 13.
Then shown in Figure 67, inner punch 21 is descended.Here, begin dark recess 101 ' shaping.At this moment mould pin 13 applies back pressure and retreats downwards on one side forging base material 100A on one side.The volume that mould pin 13 descends is equivalent to the volume that is pressed into of inner punch 21.Then shown in Figure 68, inner punch 21 is further descended.At this moment, last inner punch 21 joins with last outer ram 20, and last outer ram 20 also descends simultaneously.Here shallow recess 102 is formed.Mould pin 13 retreats while applying back pressure.Like this, by adopting two different drifts of diameter, just can not hinder the base material different recess of the degree of depth that fluidly is shaped two stages.
Shown in Figure 69, inner punch 21 is risen at last.Then patrix is got back to upper limit position again, mold 19 is risen, release formed products.
By mould pin 13 being retreated while applying back pressure, forge the volume part in recess of base material 3A, can not cause backflow towards pushing to last inner punch 21 and last outer ram 20 rightabouts, forging base material 100A can flow continuously swimmingly.Can not produce small crackle on the product.In addition, as long as the plus-pressure of drift is equated with base material operating force, so drift can be not crooked, can freely set concave depth.
The following describes the 10th embodiment.
Figure 70 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the sanitary equipment water purification valve gap structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 10th embodiment.
This routine sanitary equipment water purification valve gap 110 is concavities, has a portion 111 and top 112.On top 112, what be provided with cutting flat part handles knob 113.In tube portion 111, be provided with shoulder 114.
Figure 71 to Figure 77 is that the device of sanitary equipment water purification valve gap shown in Figure 70 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12 and low punch 235, and this low punch 235 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of bed die 12.Peripheral part at low punch 235 is installed with the axle sleeve 236 that is pushed toward above by spring.Patrix has mold 19 and upper punch 24, and this upper punch 24 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of mold 19.Periphery at upper punch 24 is provided with block 237.This block 237 is made of two part 237a, 237b with respect to upper punch 24 direction of principal axis symmetries, is pushed towards the outer direction perpendicular to axle by spring.
Formation joggling hole 12a on bed die 12.Form concavity below this block 237.Relative part at cutting part 237a, the 237b of block 237 is provided with recess 237c.What this recess 237c was used to be shaped sanitary equipment water purification valve gap 110 handles knob 113.
The following describes forging process.
At first shown in Figure 71,, warmed-up forging base material 110A is placed on the low punch 235 of bed die 12 in die opening state.The lower surface of block 237 is positioned at the following below of mold 19.Then shown in Figure 72, mold 19, upper punch 24 are descended simultaneously, make block 237 following and bed die 12 above contact and fix.Forge base material 110A flow deformation here, top 112, shoulder 114 are formed.Simultaneously begin to be shaped at the top handle knob 113 original shape portion 113 '.
Then shown in Figure 73, low punch 235 is risen.Forge the further flow deformation of base material 110A, 113 the original shape portion 113 ' further elongation upward of handling knob.Then, the top power that is also acting on greater than the spring confining force of the axle sleeve 236 of low punch 235, tube portion 111 is shaped fully.At this moment, on axle sleeve 236, back pressure, the lower end of pushing tube portion 111, the crack that prevents to forge the base material by spring action.
Then shown in Figure 74, upper punch 24 descends.At this moment, 113 the original shape portion of handling knob on the top 112 of being formed on is crushed and stretches out to the side, cut flat handle knob 113 be formed.Like this, by shaping drum portion 111 and Qie Ping continuously handle knob 113, can prevent the crack of a portion 111 and being involved in of cutting flat part top layer, be not easy to produce forging defect.
Shown in Figure 75, low punch 235 descends then.Shown in Figure 76, mold 19, upper punch 24, block 237 rise integratedly for another example.Forged article is held under the arm together by block and is risen at last shown in Figure 77, and upper punch 24 descends with respect to mold 19.At this moment, block 237 by spring towards about open, discharge and to handle knob 113, discharge the product 110 of finishing that forge.
The die forging method of the 10th embodiment has B step and C step.In the B step, forge when finishing the taking-up of product 110 (formed products), the low punch 235 (drift) of shaping drum portion 111 (tube portion) usefulness is extracted.The C step is after this B step, extracts formed products from the block 237 (mould) that the outer peripheral face of shaping drum portion 111 (tube portion) is used.Like this,, can prevent to forge the distortion of finishing product 110 (formed products), can take out formed products conscientiously by reducing the pull power of low punch 235 (drift) and block 237 (mould).
The following describes the 11st embodiment.
Figure 78 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the H axle bush structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 11st embodiment.The section of H axle bush 120 is H shapes, has upper recess 121 and lower concave part 122.On excircle, form the outstanding flange 123 of direction outwardly.
Figure 79, Figure 80 are that the device of H axle bush shown in Figure 78 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 19, core insert pin 238 and following external mold pin 239.Following external mold pin 239 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 19, and core insert pin 238 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of following external mold pin 239.Patrix has mold 12 and upper punch 24, and this upper punch 24 slides up and down in the drift inserting hole of mold 12.Core insert pin 238, following external mold pin 239, upper punch 24 slide on coaxial.
Formation joggling hole 19a on bed die 19.This joggling hole 19a is used for shaped flange 123.Mold 12 following, with the relative part of above-mentioned joggling hole 19a, form joggling hole 12a.This joggling hole 12a upper recess 121 that is used to be shaped.
The following describes forging process.
At first, in die opening state, warmed-up forging base material 120A be placed on the internal mold pin 238 of bed die 12 and external mold pin 239 above.At this moment, each mould pin above be positioned at the one side on.Then shown in Figure 79, mold 19 and upper punch 24 are descended simultaneously, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.At this moment, forge base material 120A flow deformation, the part 121 of upper recess ' be formed with flange 123.
Then shown in Figure 80, upper punch 24 is further descended, external mold pin 239 is descended.At this moment, the volume of upper punch 24 declines is identical with the volume that external mold pin 239 descends.The effect height keeps pressing and being held on the internal mold pin 238.Like this, lower concave part 122 is formed.Therefore, with being configured in coaxial upper punch 24 and mould pin 238,239, the forging of the complexity of recess can be arranged up and down.At last, external mold pin 239 is risen, discharge forged article.
The following describes the 12nd embodiment.
Figure 81 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the threeway structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 12nd embodiment.
Threeway 130 is that section is the tubular of T font, has towards the path 131,132 of left and right sides opening with perpendicular to underpass 133 this path, downwardly facing opening.When making this threeway 130, forged article 130B (seeing Figure 86) in the middle of being shaped earlier then, makes final product with methods such as machining.The shape of middle forged article 130B is, at central authorities, left and right sides path 131,132 and 133 of the underpass of left and right sides path 131,132 wall arranged.
Figure 82 to Figure 86 is that the device of threeway shown in Figure 81 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12, left side drift 226 and right side drift 227, ring 252, following fixedly drift 253.Left and right sides drift 226,227 slides in the drift inserting hole of the left and right sides of bed die 12 coaxially.Ring 252 slides up and down in the periphery of the fixedly drift 253 of bed die 12.The glide direction of ring 252 and the glide direction of left and right sides drift meet at right angles.
Formation shaped hole 12a on bed die 12.Formation shaped hole 19a below mold 19.These shaped holes 12a, 19a are communicated with when matched moulds.
The following describes forging process.
At first, in die opening state, warmed-up forging base material 130A is placed on the fixedly drift 253 of bed die 12 with above the ring 252.At this moment, fixedly drift 235 and ring 252 above be positioned at on the one side.Then shown in Figure 82, mold 19 is descended, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.Then shown in Figure 83, left and right sides drift 226,227 is inserted simultaneously the length of the 1st stage size.At this moment, forge base material 130A flow deformation, the part 131 of left and right sides path ', 132 ' be formed, ring 252 is being held.
Then shown in Figure 84, left and right sides drift 226,227 is inserted the length of the 2nd stage size.At this moment, ring 252 is retreated.Here, the insertion volume of left and right sides drift equates with the volume that retreats of ring 252.At this moment, left and right sides path 131,132 is formed, and underpass 133 is formed.Like this, by left and right sides drift 226,227 and towards the ring 225 that slides with the glide direction different directions of these side blow heads, can forge towards the complicated shape of 3 direction openings.
Then shown in Figure 85, left and right sides drift 266,227 is retreated.Shown in Figure 86, ring 252 is risen, forged article 130B in the middle of discharging then.At last, remaining wall is machined away, obtain final formed products.
The die forging method of the 12nd embodiment, comprise the hole forming process,, make ring 252 (mould pin) butt forge an end face of base material in this hole forming process, at the state that applies back pressure it is retreated, left and right sides drift 226,227 (drift) squeezed into forge in base material and shaped hole on one side.Above-mentioned left and right sides drift 226,227 (drift) is squeezed into from the direction of retreat of above-mentioned ring 252 (mould pin) or the direction beyond its rightabout.Like this, because the direction beyond the direction of retreat of encircling 252 (mould pins) or its rightabout is squeezed into left and right sides drift 226,227 (drift), so, can become the product of the such complexity of vivid threeway, various shape.
According to this embodiment, side by side left and right sides drift 226,227 (some drifts) is squeezed into from different directions and formed, and in forging, to encircle 252 (mould pins) apply back pressure it is retreated on one side.Therefore, the product complicated, various shape that can be shaped.
The following describes the 13rd embodiment.
Figure 87 is the side sectional drawing of expression with the how logical structure of the die forging method shaping of the present invention the 13rd embodiment.
This example how logical 140, the path 141 that connects about having and perpendicular to 3 upper and lower paths 142 of this path 141, these 3 upper and lower paths 142 are communicated with path 141.
Figure 88 to Figure 90 is that the many logical devices shown in Figure 87 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This brass material forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12, left side drift 226, right side drift 227 and right hollow pin 255.Left side drift 226 slides in the inserting hole of bed die 12.Right hollow pin 255 slides in the inserting hole of bed die 12.Right side drift 227 slides in right hollow pin 255.In addition, on bed die 12,, be provided with 3 fixedly drifts 253, in addition, also be provided with at this fixing following hollow mould pin 252 of sliding up and down of drift 253 peripheries in direction perpendicular to above-mentioned inserting hole.
The following describes forging process.
At first, in die opening state, be placed on the position on the bed die 12, that be positioned at the Far Left hollow mould pin 252a left side forging base material 140A.At this moment, the front end of right side drift 227 and right hollow pin 255 is positioned at on the one side, and two front ends are positioned at the left side of Far Left hollow mould pin 252a.Then, mold 19 is descended, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.Then shown in Figure 88, left side drift 226 is inserted towards right.Simultaneously, right hollow pin 255 is retreated, until Far Left is till fixedly expose on the limit of drift 253a.Leftmost hollow mould pin 252a is down descended.At this moment, forge base material flow deformation, the part of the part of left and right sides path and Far Left upper and lower path is formed.
Then shown in Figure 89, when further inserting left side drift 226, leftmost hollow mould pin 252a down drops to stop surface.Like this, the 1st upper and lower path is formed.At this moment right side drift 227 is to be fixed.Then shown in Figure 90, further insert left side drift 226 towards right.Right hollow pin 255 is retreated, till the 2nd steady pin 253b periphery exposes.Hollow mould pin 252b is descended.At this moment, the 1st following hollow mould pin 252a fixed by backstop.Forge base material flow deformation, the part of the 2nd upper and lower path is formed.Further insert left side drift 226 again, make down hollow mould pin 252b drop to stop surface, the 3rd upper and lower path is shaped.Like this, by some different fixedly drifts 253 are set, can forge complicated shape on axle.
Number this operation repeatedly according to upper and lower path.Several upper and lower paths are shaped.Finally shaped is wall between an end, left and right sides path and the upper and lower path of left and right sides path.Therefore, these walls are machined away, obtain final formed products.
The die forging method of the 13rd embodiment, comprise forging process, in this forging process, hollow mould pin 252 (mould pin) butt is forged an end face of base material, one side retreats it under the state of back pressure applying, on one side left side drift 226 (drift) is squeezed in this forging base material or with mould extruded stock material, forged.Some above-mentioned hollow mould pins 252 (mould pin) are set, and several deep holes are shaped.Therefore, can be shaped to lead to the products of the complicated shape that has a plurality of holes so more.
The following describes other embodiments of the invention.
The forging that also can have the drainage arrangement etc. of curve-like hollow bulb with the present invention effectively.
Before, when manufacturing has the drainage arrangement etc. of curve hollow bulb,, again it is carried out the machining of wide scope, form final shape of product with the casting product that making such as bronze have the summary profile.This method causes defectives such as the peculiar pore of casting product, shrinkage hole easily, and yield rate is low.In addition, because of carrying out the machining of a great deal of, so long processing time is not suitable for a large amount of productions.In addition, owing to produce a large amount of cutting swarfs, so stock utilization is low.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, once considered method with forging and molding, make the formed products that approaches net shape.But, in forging and molding before, the shape of the complexity that the hollow that can not be shaped curve part is such.And adopt die forging method of the present invention, then can be configured as shape before can not the such product of drainage arrangement forging and molding, that have the hollow curve part near final products.
The die forging method of drainage arrangement etc. can be provided according to this embodiment of the invention.This drainage arrangement has reception room and curve-like and flows out the road, and above-mentioned reception room has accommodates opening and inflow entrance and the flow export that flow or temperature regulation section are used; Above-mentioned curve-like flows out the above-mentioned flow export that the road will be formed on the above-mentioned reception room inwall and is communicated with discharge outlet open facing outward.The die forging method of above-mentioned drainage arrangement etc. may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared the base material.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned base material with the 1st drift, and the shaping hollow bulb like this, forms above-mentioned opening, and generally forms above-mentioned reception room inwall.
(c) the 3rd step is inserted above-mentioned base material with the 2nd drift, and the shaping hollow bulb like this, generally forms above-mentioned curve-like and flows out the road inwall.
(d) the 4th step is removed the next door that is positioned at the 1st, the 2nd drift front, forms above-mentioned flow export.
According to this die forging method, can prevent the defective of pore and shrinkage hole etc.In addition, owing to need the part of machining few,, can produce in a large number so shorten process time.In addition, because cutting swarf is few, can improve stock utilization.
The die forging method of another embodiment may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared the base material.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned base material with the 1st drift, and the shaping hollow bulb like this, forms above-mentioned opening, and generally forms above-mentioned reception room inwall.
(c) the 3rd step is inserted above-mentioned base material, shaping hollow bulb with the 2nd drift, like this, generally form above-mentioned curve-like and flow out the road inwall, and insert above-mentioned the 2nd drift, make the next door that is positioned at above-mentioned the 2nd drift front, than close above-mentioned reception room one side of above-mentioned flow export.
(d) the 4th step is removed the next door that is positioned at the 1st, the 2nd drift front, forms above-mentioned flow export.
In this method,, can insert above-mentioned the 2nd drift, make the next door that is positioned at above-mentioned the 2nd drift front, than close above-mentioned reception room one side of above-mentioned flow export in the 3rd step.Like this, in the 4th step, be more prone to remove the next door.
The die forging method of another embodiment may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared the base material.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned base material with the 1st drift, and the shaping hollow bulb like this, forms above-mentioned opening, and generally forms above-mentioned reception room inwall.
(c) the 3rd step is inserted above-mentioned base material with the 2nd drift, shaping hollow bulb and when generally forming above-mentioned curve-like and flowing out the road inwall, be to carry out under the state that above-mentioned the 1st drift is inserted in the base material.
(d) the 4th step is removed the next door that is positioned at the 1st, the 2nd drift front, forms above-mentioned flow export.
In this method,, be that the state that the 1st drift is inserted in the above-mentioned base material is shaped down in the 3rd step, so, can reduce the displacement of the material when inserting the 2nd drift, obtain more high-precision product.
In above-mentioned the 3rd step, by the 2nd drift being inserted above-mentioned base material shaping hollow bulb, the above-mentioned curve-like that generally is shaped flows out the road inwall, when making the above-mentioned next door that is positioned at the 2nd drift front insert the 2nd drift, also can under the state that the 1st drift is inserted in the base material, carry out than the close above-mentioned reception room side of above-mentioned flow export ground.At this moment the next door remove easier.
The die forging method of another embodiment may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared the base material.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned base material with the 1st drift, and the shaping hollow bulb like this, forms above-mentioned opening, and generally forms above-mentioned reception room inwall.The 1st drift has part 1 and part 2 along its direction of insertion, and part 1 has the 1st section configuration; Part 2 has the 2nd section configuration of the predetermined portions that cuts above-mentioned the 1st section configuration.
(c) the 3rd step, the 2nd drift is inserted above-mentioned base material, shaping hollow bulb and when generally forming above-mentioned curve-like and flowing out the road inwall, be under the state that the 1st drift is inserted in the base material, to carry out, and insert above-mentioned the 2nd drift, arrive the predetermined portions of above-mentioned the 1st drift up to its front end.
(d) the 4th step is removed the next door that is positioned at the 1st, the 2nd drift front, forms above-mentioned flow export.
According to this method, even the staggered such shape of the 1st drift and the 2nd drift also can be shaped efficiently.
In above-mentioned the 3rd step, by the 2nd drift being inserted base material shaping hollow bulb, generally form above-mentioned curve-like and flow out the road inwall, and, when making the next door that is positioned at the 2nd drift front insert the 2nd drift than close above-mentioned reception room one side of above-mentioned flow export ground, also can carry out at the state in the 1st drift is inserted in the base material, and, insert the 2nd drift and arrive till the predetermined portions of the 1st drift up to its front end.At this moment, removing of next door is more prone to.
In these forging methods, also can be: in above-mentioned the 1st step as carry out followingly, gapped between week in the periphery of base material and the metal pattern, in above-mentioned the 2nd step, insertion by the 1st drift, a part of base material is bloated in above-mentioned gap,, the 2nd drift is inserted in the above-mentioned a part of base material that bloats in the gap in above-mentioned the 3rd step.Material is bloated on one side,, like this, form hollow shape easily, also can reduce generation of defects Yi Bian form hollow bulb.
In addition, above-mentioned outflow road also can form curve along axis direction.
In addition, above-mentioned reception room and above-mentioned outflow road also can be shaped integratedly.At this moment, be shaped respectively above-mentioned reception room with flow out the road and then compare when fitting, can improve the product size precision, owing to there is not seam, so the grinding step of product design is simple.
Drainage arrangement in the one embodiment of the invention has reception room and flows out the road.Reception room has opening and inflow entrance and the flow export that is used to accommodate flow or temperature regulation section.Flowing out the road makes the flow export that is formed on the above-mentioned reception room inwall be communicated with discharge outlet open facing outward.This drainage arrangement forging and molding.
Be formed separately above-mentioned reception room and above-mentioned outflow road and then compare when fitting, can improve dimensional accuracy of products, owing to there is not seam, so the grinding step of product design is simple.
Die forging method of the present invention also is applicable to the manufacturing of the metal formed article with the 1st hole portion and curve-like the 2nd hole portion.This die forging method may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared metal billet.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned metal billet with the 1st drift, and the 1st hole portion is shaped.
(c) the 3rd step at the state that is inserting the 1st drift, is inserted above-mentioned metal billet with the 2nd drift, the 2nd hole portion of forming curve shape.
The 2nd drift is being inserted above-mentioned base material, when being shaped as curvilinear the 2nd hole portion, owing to be under the state that the 1st drift is inserted in the base material, to carry out, so, the displacement of the material in the time of can reducing insertion the 2nd drift, more high-precision product can be shaped.
The die forging method of another embodiment may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared metal billet.
(b) the 2nd step, the 1st drift is inserted above-mentioned metal billet, the 1st hole portion that is shaped, the 1st drift has part 1 and part 2 along its direction of insertion, part 1 has the 1st section configuration, and part 2 has the 2nd section configuration of the predetermined portions that cuts above-mentioned the 1st section configuration.
(c) the 3rd step at the state that is inserting the 1st drift, is inserted above-mentioned metal billet with the 2nd drift, till its front end arrives above-mentioned predetermined portions, and the 2nd hole portion of forming curve shape.
According to this method, even the staggered shape of the 1st drift and the 2nd drift also can be shaped efficiently.
In the above-mentioned die forging method, above-mentioned the 2nd drift also can be to be certain circular arc along the axis direction radius of curvature, by being that circular motion is made at the center with this circular arc center, forms above-mentioned curvilinear the 2nd hole portion.Like this, can make the product that the part has circular-arc hollow bulb efficiently.
Die forging method of the present invention also can be applicable to the manufacturing of such metal formed article, that is, this metal formed article has the 1st hole portion and curvilinear the 2nd hole portion, forms connected entrance on the inwall of the 1st hole portion, is communicated with above-mentioned the 2nd hole portion by this connected entrance.This die forging method may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is prepared metal billet.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned metal billet with the 1st drift, and the 1st hollow bulb that is shaped generally forms above-mentioned the 1st hole portion.
(c) the 3rd step is inserted above-mentioned metal billet with curvilinear the 2nd drift, and the 2nd hollow bulb of forming curve shape generally forms above-mentioned the 2nd hole portion.
(d) remove the next door that is positioned at curve-like the 2nd drift front, form above-mentioned connected entrance.
In this method,, preferably make above-mentioned next door insert above-mentioned curvilinear the 2nd drift than close above-mentioned the 1st hole portion side ground of above-mentioned connected entrance in above-mentioned the 3rd step.Like this, removing of next door is more prone to.
Another die forging method may further comprise the steps.
(a) the 1st step is placed on metal billet in the space that is surrounded by metal die, makes in this base material and the metal die gapped between week.
(b) the 2nd step is inserted above-mentioned metal billet with the 1st drift, and the 1st hole portion that is shaped makes the part of above-mentioned base material bloat in the above-mentioned gap simultaneously.
(c) the 3rd step is inserted curvilinear the 2nd drift in the above-mentioned a part of metal billet that bloats in the above-mentioned gap the 2nd hole portion of forming curve shape.
The manufacturing installation of the metal formed article of one embodiment of the invention is characterized in that, the 1st drift and curvilinear the 2nd drift are inserted in the metal billet, and the 1st hole portion and curvilinear the 2nd hole portion are shaped.
The manufacturing installation of the metal formed article of another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, the 1st drift and the 2nd drift are inserted in the metal billet, and the 1st hole portion and curvilinear the 2nd hole portion are shaped.The 1st drift has part 1 and part 2 along its direction of insertion, and part 1 has the 1st section configuration, and part 2 has the 2nd section configuration of the predetermined portions that cuts above-mentioned the 1st section configuration.The insertion depth of the 2nd drift is that its front end arrives till the above-mentioned predetermined portions.According to this device, even the staggered shape of the 1st drift and the 2nd drift also can be shaped efficiently.
In the said apparatus, be preferably on above-mentioned curvilinear the 2nd drift and form pinion, by the slip of rod-like members (forming the tooth bar with this pinion on this rod-like members), above-mentioned curvilinear the 2nd drift slides.By rack-and-pinion, drift and rod-like members are slided, so the slip of drift and rod-like members can be synchronous.Like this, also can be applicable to the shaping of big loading.
In the said apparatus, also can have with above-mentioned straight-line rod-like members coaxial, linearity motion road.Can improve the sliding rail precision of above-mentioned rod-like members more.
The manufacturing installation of the metal formed article of another embodiment of the present invention, have certain circular arc the 2nd drift of the 1st drift, radius of curvature and be that the center makes above-mentioned the 2nd drift make the driving mechanism of circular motion with this center of arc, above-mentioned the 1st drift and the 2nd drift are inserted metal billet, and the 1st hole portion and curvilinear the 2nd hole portion are shaped.
The manufacturing installation of the metal formed article of another embodiment of the present invention, have the 1st drift, circular arc the 2nd drift that radius of curvature is certain, with this center of arc be the center make above-mentioned the 2nd drift do circular motion driving mechanism and with above-mentioned the 2nd drift of making circular motion coaxial, circular-arc motion road, above-mentioned the 1st drift and the 2nd drift are inserted metal billet, and the 1st hole portion and curvilinear the 2nd hole portion are shaped.Owing to have a circular-arc motion road, so, the precision of the sliding rail of above-mentioned circular-arc the 2nd drift improved more.
In these devices, also can in the 1st drift and/or the 2nd drift, bury heater underground.Can control the temperature of drift with heater, so, can easily set the molding condition that is suitable for material.
In addition, also can be beyond above-mentioned the 1st drift and the 2nd drift bury heater underground in the metal mold of part.Can control the drift temperature of part in addition with heater, so, can easily set the molding condition that is suitable for material.
Below, with reference to description of drawings the 14th embodiment of the present invention, promptly have the large-scale tap of curve hollow bulb.
Figure 91 is the assembly drawing of the tap of the present invention the 14th embodiment.
Figure 92 is the part drawing of the tap part shown in Figure 1 after machining is finished, and (A) is plane, (B) is skiagraph, (C) is side view.
The part 300 of this tap, the linearity with upper and lower opening connects road (reception room) 301 and the curve-like draining road (curve-like outflow road) 303 that is formed on these perforation road 301 walls.Through hole 301 is communicated with draining road 303.
Figure 93 is the figure of the middle forged article of tap part shown in expression Figure 92, (A) is plane, (B) is skiagraph, (C) is side view.
The middle forged article 300B of this tap part 300 has the 301a of lower surface overlap portion on the part of the lower surface that connects road 301.In addition, the wall on draining road 303 on the part in entering through hole 301, has the 303a of next door overlap portion (next door).With methods such as machining, remove the lower surface 301a of overlap portion and the next door overlap 303a of portion of this centre forged article, obtain the part 300 of final tap.The curve-like of this part 300 flows out road 303, is configured as the final products shape when forging.
Below with reference to Figure 94,95, the device that forges the middle forged article of tap part shown in Figure 93 is described.Figure 94 is the plane of expression forging apparatus, and Figure 95 is the side sectional drawing of this device.
This forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Patrix has mold 19.Counterdie has bed die 12, side straight line drift (the 1st drift) 460, curve drift (the 2nd drift) 461, makes swingle (rod-like members) 462 and the knock-out pin 15 of these curve drift 461 rotations, and this knock-out pin 15 slides up and down in the pin inserting hole of bed die 12.Side straight line drift 460 flatly slides on bed die 12.On the front end face of side straight line drift 460, be provided with breach 460a.The shape of this breach 460a, with removing of middle forged article 300B to connect the lower surface 301a of overlap portion and the shape behind the next door overlap 303a of portion on road 301 consistent.
On bed die 12, form and to be equivalent to the curvilinear joggling hole 12a that connects the linearity on road 301 and be equivalent to draining road 303.Below mold 19, with the relative part of above-mentioned joggling hole 12a, form linearity and curvilinear joggling hole 19a.At the matched moulds state, these joggling holes are communicated with.
The vertical axis of curve drift 461 above bed die 12 slides on the certain circular arc of radius of curvature.On the part in these curve drift 461 outsides, form pinion 461a.Swingle 462 is linearity parts, and driven-mechanism (figure does not show) drives, and linearity slides on bed die.On the part of swingle 462, form tooth bar 462a.The pinion 461a engagement of this tooth bar 462a and curve drift 461.
When swingle 462 was driven moving linearly, curve drift 461 rotated on circular arc along vertical rotating shaft.Determine the location of side straight line drift 460 and curve drift 461 like this: curve drift 461 rotates to penetralia by swingle 462, then, during portion, the front end face of curve drift 461 does not arrive the breach 460a of side straight line drift 460 in side straight line drift 460 is inserted into.At this moment, the front end face of curve drift 461 is crossed curve-like joggling hole 12a ', arrives 12a " inside, linearity joggling hole.
On patrix 19 and the counterdie 12 heater 463 is installed.In addition, thermocouple 464 is being set on each mould.Deliver to temperature controller with the temperature that thermocouple 464 is measured, carry out the temperature control of heater 463 by controller.In the periphery of bed die and mold, adiabatic material 465 and the SUS lid 466 of reeling is used for insulation.Between bed die 12 and body frame and between mold 19 and top shoe, also holding the adiabatic material 469 of adiabatic material 467, SUS plate 468 and sheet of sheet under the arm, prevent heat transmission to body frame and top shoe.
The following describes forging process.
Figure 96 to Figure 100 is the sectional drawing of the middle forged article forging process of large-scale tap part shown in expression Figure 93.
At first, shown in Figure 96,, each drift 460,461 is retreated, warmed-up forging base material 300A is placed on the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 in die opening state.At this state mold 19 is descended, join and matched moulds with bed die 12.
Then shown in Figure 97, side straight line drift 460 is inserted shaped hole 12 " in.At this moment, forge a part of flow deformation of base material 300B, the upper shed and the hollow bulb of middle forged article are formed.In addition, the part of base material bloats in the curvilinear joggling hole 12a '.
Then shown in Figure 98,, swingle 462 (last direction of figure) on straight line is slided at the state that is inserting side straight line drift 460.At this moment, by the engagement of tooth bar and pinion, curve drift 461 rotates to internal direction (counter-clockwise direction among the figure).At this moment " interior forging base material, by the front end flow deformation of curve drift 461, the hollow bulb on draining road is formed, to bloat curve-like joggling hole 12a.
Owing to use curve drift 461 to form hollow bulb while the base material is bloated, so the shaping of hollow shape is easy.In addition, insert curve drift 461, so reduce the displacement of base material at the state that is inserting side straight line drift 460.
After this shaping is finished, shown in Figure 99, side straight line drift 460 left in figure is drawn back.And drawn back in swingle 462 below in the figure, curve drift 461 direction (clockwise direction among the figure) rotation is outwardly retreated.Then, mold 19 is returned to upper limit position.
Then shown in Figure 100, make the knock-out pin 15 of bed die rise forged article 300B in the middle of releasing.
With methods such as machining this centre formed products is processed, removed part not, obtain final formed products.At this moment, because the 303a of next door overlap portion is present in 301 inside, perforation cylindraceous road, so, be easy to remove with the lower surface overlap 301a of portion.
Below, the shower support of the 15th embodiment is described.
Figure 101 is the figure of expression the present invention the 15th embodiment shower support structure, (A) is stereogram, (B) is side view, (C) is front elevation, (D) is plane.
Shower support 310 is the parts that omit cuboid, and at one end mask has card to hang the card extension portion 311 of shower, and the other end has the fixed part 313 that is fixed on the wall.Card extension portion 311 is made of the keyhole groove 311a that penetrates into the back from the front.This groove 311a is at the end face opening.The groove 311a of this key shape from the front to after the direction that faces up tilt slightly.
Fixed part 313 is made of the hole of the desired depth of cutting from the opposition side end face.This Kong Youcong end face to section of certain height be square square department 313a and from the bottom of the square department to the bottom surface, section is that the H font 313b of portion of H shape constitutes.
Figure 102 to Figure 108 is that the device of shower support shown in Figure 101 and the sectional drawing of forging process are forged in expression.
This forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Counterdie has bed die 12, side blow head 470, knock-out pin 15.
Side blow head 470 can direction slip obliquely in bed die 12.The section configuration of side blow head 470 is identical with the shape of the groove 311a in the key shape hole of the card extension portion 311 of support 310.The glide direction of side blow head 470 is consistent with the incline direction of the key shape groove 311a that blocks extension portion 311.
On bed die 12, form the consistent joggling hole 12a of profile with the end face that blocks extension portion 311.
The upper punch 471 that patrix has mold 19 and slides up and down in mold.Form breach 471a on upper punch 471, the square department 313a of this breach 471a and the fixed part 313 of support 310 and the shape of the H font 313b of portion are consistent.
The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 102,, warmed-up forging base material 310A is placed in the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 in die opening state.Then shown in Figure 103, mold 19 is descended, the following of upper punch 471 contacted with forging base material 310A.In addition, can not contact yet.Then, shown in Figure 104, upper punch 471 is descended, then forge base material 310A flow deformation, a part that is extruded enters between the side blow head 470 and joggling hole 12a of bed die 12, and the card extension portion 311 with key shape groove is formed.In addition, flow to the part of top, enter the breach 471a of upper punch 471, fixed part 313 is formed.
Then shown in Figure 105, upper punch 471 is risen.Mold 19 is risen.Then shown in Figure 107, side blow head 470 is retreated, shown in Figure 108, knock-out pin 15 is risen, release formed products.
The following describes the part X of the 16th embodiment.
Figure 109 is the skiagraph of the part X structure of expression the present invention the 16th embodiment.
Part X320 has the bottom tube-like thing.Form the axis hole 321 of certain internal diameter at the central part of part X.The outside is to go up minor diameter part 322, flange part 323, large-diameter portion 324, following minor diameter part 325 from top to bottom successively.
Figure 110 to Figure 119 is that the device of part X shown in Figure 109 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
This forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.The following outer ram 480 that counterdie has bed die 12, slide up and down in bed die 12, the following inner punch 481 that in outer ram 480 down, slides up and down.
Following inner punch 481 is connected with actuator (figure does not show), and following outer ram 480 is not connected with actuator.In the bottom of following outer ram 480, form flange 480a.The rising of this drift 480, in its flange 480a and bed die on stop surface 12b stop when contacting.The decline of this drift 480 stops when its flange 480a contacts with the following stop surface 12c of bed die 12.
The upper punch 482 that patrix has mold 19 and slides up and down in this mold.Upper end at this drift 482 forms flange 482a.The decline of this drift 482 stops when stop surface 19c joins on its flange 482a and mold 19.
Formation joggling hole 12a on bed die 12.Below mold 19, with the relative part in above-mentioned joggling hole, also form joggling hole 19a.This joggling hole is used for last minor diameter part and the flange part of formation of parts X.At the matched moulds state, these joggling holes are communicated with.
The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 110,, warmed-up forging base material 320A is placed on the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 in die opening state.Then shown in Figure 111, mold 19 and upper punch 482 are descended simultaneously, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.
Then shown in Figure 112, inner punch 481 and following outer ram 480 are risen.At this moment forging the base material is extruded and flow deformation from following direction.Last minor diameter part 322 and flange part 323 are formed, and the part of axis hole 321 also begins to be formed.
Then shown in Figure 113, upper punch 482 is descended.By the extruding force of upper punch 482 with act on down inner punch 481 and pressure differential, following inner punch 481 and 480 declines of following outer ram of the back pressure on the outer ram 480 down.At this moment, axis hole 321 further is formed.Following outer ram 480 is shown in Figure 114, till the following stop surface 12c that always drops to its flange 480a and bed die 12 joins.At this state, shown in Figure 115, upper punch 482 is descended, until till its flange 482a joins with last stop surface 19c, make down inner punch 481 declines simultaneously.This at present minor diameter part 325 be formed, axis hole 321 further is shaped deeply.Back pressure in the continuation effect on following inner punch 481.
Then shown in Figure 116, upper punch 482 is risen.Then shown in Figure 117, mold 19 is risen.Shown in Figure 118, inner punch 481 is risen for another example.At last, shown in Figure 119, make down outer ram 480, release formed products with inner punch 481 risings down.
Below, the part Y of the 17th embodiment is described.
Figure 120 is the skiagraph of the part Y structure of expression the present invention the 17th embodiment.
Part Y330 is conical solid part.Part Y330 has flange part 331, is formed with large-diameter portion 332, minor diameter part 333, axial region 334 below flange part 331 continuously.
Figure 121 to Figure 130 is that the device of part Y shown in Figure 120 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
This forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Following inner punch 490 that counterdie has bed die 12, slide up and down in bed die 12 and dual following outer ram.Following inner punch 490 is connected with actuator (figure does not show), and following outer ram is not connected with actuator.Following outer ram is made of inboard outer ram 491 and outside outer ram 492.
In the bottom of outside outer ram 492, form flange 492a.The rising of this drift 492 stops when stop surface 12c joins on its flange 492a and bed die 12.The decline of this drift 492 stops when stop surface 12d joins outside its flange 492a and bed die 12 following.
In the bottom of inboard outer ram 491, form flange 491a.The rising of this drift 491 stops when the flange 492a of its flange 491a and outside outer ram 492 joins.The decline of this drift 492 stops when stop surface 12e joins in its flange 492a and bed die 12 following.
On bed die 12, form joggling hole 12a.
The upper punch 493 that patrix has mold 19 and slides up and down in this mold.Upper end at this upper punch 493 forms flange 493a.The decline of this drift 493 stops when the following stop surface 19c of its flange 493a and mold 19 joins.
The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 121,, warmed-up forging base material 330A is placed on the joggling hole 12a of bed die 12 in die opening state.Then shown in Figure 122, mold 19 and upper punch 493 are descended simultaneously, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.Then shown in Figure 123, upper punch 493 is descended.
Then shown in Figure 124, upper punch 493 is descended continuously.By the extruding force and the pressure differential that acts on down the back pressure on inner punch 490 and the following outer ram of upper punch 493, following inner punch 490 and following outer ram descend simultaneously.At this moment, till outside outer ram 492 drops to its flange 492a and outer stop surface 12d always and joins.At this moment, the part of flange part 331 and large-diameter portion 332 begins to be shaped.Then shown in Figure 125, upper punch 493 is descended, inner punch 490 inboard inner punches 491 are descended simultaneously.Outside outer ram 492 is by the following stop surface 12d backstop of bed die 12.Inboard outer ram 491 drop to always join with interior stop surface 12e till.At this moment, flange part 331 and large-diameter portion 332 further are shaped, and minor diameter part 333 begins to be shaped.
Then shown in Figure 126, upper punch 493 is descended, till the following stop surface 19c of its flange 493a and mold 19 joins.Following inner punch 490 descends continuously.At this moment, flange part 331, large-diameter portion 332, minor diameter part 333, axial region 334 are formed.Back pressure in the continuation effect on following inner punch 490.
Then shown in Figure 127, upper punch 493 is risen.Shown in Figure 128, mold 19 is risen for another example.Then shown in Figure 129, inner punch 490 is risen.Shown in Figure 130, make down outer ram 491,492 for another example, release formed products with inner punch 490 risings down.
The following describes the part Z of the 17th embodiment.
Figure 131 is the skiagraph of the part Z structure of expression the present invention the 17th embodiment.
Part Z340 is cylindric, and vertical section is the H font.Part Z340 has upper recess 341 and lower concave part 342.Near the upper end of upper recess 341, form flange 343.On this flange 343, form the ring-type teat 344 that extends up.
Figure 132 to Figure 141 is that the device of part Z shown in Figure 131 and the figure of forging process are forged in expression.
This forging apparatus has counterdie and the patrix corresponding with this counterdie.Following inner punch 500 and following outer ram 501 that counterdie has bed die 12, slides up and down in bed die 12.Following outer ram 501 is connected with actuator (figure does not show), and following inner punch 500 is not connected with actuator.
Following outer ram 501 forms upper flange 501a in its bottom.Below this upper flange 501a, be provided with the bar 501b of downward extension.In the bottom of this bar 501b, lower flange 501c is installed.
Following inner punch 500 forms flange 500a in its bottom.The bar 501b of following outer ram 501 connects down the flange 500a of inner punch 500 slidably.Therefore, following inner punch 500 slides between upper flange 501a that descends outer ram 501 and lower flange 501c along bar 501.The decline of following inner punch 500 stops when the following stop surface 12b of its flange 500a and bed die 12 joins.
The upper punch 502 that patrix has mold 19 and slides up and down in this mold.Upper punch 502 end thereon forms flange 502a.Backstop when this drift 502 joins at the following stop surface 19c of its flange 502a and mold 19.
Formation shaped hole 12a on bed die 12.Part below mold 19, corresponding with above-mentioned shaped hole also forms joggling hole 19a.These shaped holes are communicated with when matched moulds.The following describes forging process.
At first, shown in Figure 132,, warmed-up forging base material 340A is placed on the shaped hole 12a of bed die 12 in die opening state.Then shown in Figure 133, mold 19 and upper punch 502 are descended simultaneously, make mold 19 following and bed die 12 above join and matched moulds.
Then shown in Figure 134, make down outer ram 501 with inner punch 500 risings down.At this moment, forge base material flow deformation, with the material that is extruded to the top, shaping ring-type teat 344 and flange part 343.
Then shown in Figure 135, upper punch 502 is descended.By the extruding force of upper punch 502 with act on down inner punch 500 and pressure differential, following outer ram 501 and 500 declines of following inner punch of the back pressure on the outer ram 501 down.At this moment, till outside outer ram 492 drops to its flange 492a and outer stop surface 12d always and joins.At this moment, upper recess 341 begins to be shaped.Then shown in Figure 136, upper punch 502 is descended continuously, inner punch 500 is descended simultaneously.Till the following stop surface 12b that following inner punch 500 drops to its flange 500a and bed die 12 joins.At this moment, upper recess 341 further is shaped deeply.Then shown in Figure 137, upper punch 502 is descended, till the following stop surface 19c of its flange 502a and mold 19 joins.Following outer ram 501 further descends along the bar 500b of following inner punch 500.Following outer ram 501 descends, till the flange 500a of its upper flange 501a and following inner punch 500 joins.In addition, can not join yet.At this moment, by upper punch 502 upper recess 341 is shaped fully.Pass through the decline of outer ram 501 down again, shaping lower concave part 342.
Then shown in Figure 138, upper punch 502 is risen.Then, shown in Figure 139, mold 19 is risen.Shown in Figure 140, outer ram 501 is risen for another example.Shown in Figure 141, make down inner punch 500 at last, release formed products with outer ram 501 risings down.

Claims (27)

1. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Carry out preceding forging process and hole forming process thereafter with same mould;
Forging process before above-mentioned makes the part of above-mentioned forging base material be full of in the die cavity at least, forges, and obtains the shape of the part of formed products;
In above-mentioned hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole.
2. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Carry out preceding forging process and hole forming process thereafter with same mould;
Forging process before above-mentioned obtains the shape of the part of formed products;
In above-mentioned hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole, and the mould pin is motionless in above-mentioned preceding the forging.
3. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Carry out hole forming process and back forging process thereafter with same mould;
In above-mentioned hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole;
At above-mentioned back forging process, a part of forging above-mentioned forging base material at least obtains the shape of the part of formed products.
4. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Carry out hole forming process and the forging process before or after it with same mould;
In the hole forming process, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material on one side at the state that it is applied back pressure it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in this forging base material, is configured as the hole;
At forging process, the shaping that makes above-mentioned mould pin opposing forge the base material is pressed, and stands fast basically.
5. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Comprise the hole forming process,, mould pin butt is forged an end face of base material,,, be configured as the hole Yi Bian drift is squeezed in the forging base material on one side it is retreated at the state that applies back pressure in this hole forming process;
Above-mentioned drift is to squeeze into from the direction of retreat of mould pin or its rightabout direction in addition.
6. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
The drift of the recess of the mould of die-forging forming product profile and shaping formed products is combined,, forge, in forging, it is retreated simultaneously while the mould pin is applied back pressure from same direction extrusion forging base material.
7. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Make the some drifts that form some recesses from same direction extrusion forging base material, forge, simultaneously in forging, mould pin applied back pressure it is retreated on one side.
8. die forging method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, with the different time, forms with above-mentioned mould and drift.
9. die forging method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, with the different time, forms with above-mentioned several drifts.
10. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Side by side several drifts are squeezed into from different directions to forge in the base material and formed, simultaneously in forging, mould pin applied back pressure it is retreated on one side.
11. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Comprise forging process,, mould pin butt is forged an end face of base material, applying the state of back pressure, it is retreated squeeze into drift in the forging base material or with pushing mould extrusion forging base material at this forging process;
Above-mentioned mould pin is provided with some, the shaping several holes.
12. die forging method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, above-mentioned several mould pins of setting-up time official post move successively, form above-mentioned several holes successively.
13. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Comprise and finish forging process,,,, drift or mould extruding are connect this forging base material, make this drift or mould reach the precalculated position, finish forging at the state of exerting pressure with an end face of mould pin butt forging base material in this operation;
In this operation, when being pressed in pre-level pressure in the mould when following, above-mentioned mould pin is retreated, when pressing in the mould when surpassing this pre-level pressure, above-mentioned mould pin is retreated.
14. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
Comprise the hole forming process, in this operation, the end face with mould pin butt forging base material is applying the state of back pressure, Yi Bian it is retreated, Yi Bian drift is squeezed in the forging base material, is configured as the hole;
On the end face that applies back pressure of above-mentioned mould pin, be provided with jog, carry out the shaping of a part of shape of product with this jog.
15. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that, comprises overhanging operation and forming process;
In overhanging operation, form over-hang part with forging;
In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape;
Above-mentioned two-step carries out in same mould.
16. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that, comprises overhanging operation and forming process;
In overhanging operation, form over-hang part with forging;
In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape;
In above-mentioned overhanging operation, over-hang part is stretched out towards or opposite direction equidirectional with forging.
17. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that, comprises overhanging operation and forming process;
In overhanging operation, form over-hang part with forging;
In forming process, further forge over-hang part, be configured as predetermined shape;
In above-mentioned overhanging operation, carry out the several times forging to forging the base material.
18. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that,
In in the 1st drift being squeezed into forging base material, do not make the 1st drift with the 2nd drift or this forging base material of Mould Machining with retreating.
19. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that having the 1st step, the 2nd step and the 3rd step;
In the 1st step,, delimit die cavity in the side, an end of forging the base material;
In the 2nd step, from forging the other end of base material, extrusion forging base material stretches out this end of forging the base material, is filled in the above-mentioned die cavity, is configured as the profile of this one, obtains overhanging body like this;
In the 3rd step, after the 2nd step, axially drift is squeezed in the above-mentioned overhanging body, at above-mentioned overhanging body internal shaping recess from this end end face.
20. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape for predetermined shape, it is characterized in that having A step and B step;
In the A step, from forging an end end face of base material, axially drift is squeezed into and forged in the base material, be configured as recess;
In the B step, after the A step,, on above-mentioned end face, form than big, shallow the 2nd recess of above-mentioned recess with the 2nd drift that is configured in above-mentioned drift peripheral part;
In above-mentioned A step,, it is retreated while apply back pressure to being connected to the mould pin that forges the base material other end.
21. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape, obtains formed products, this formed products has the protuberance that the bottom cuts, and it is characterized in that, has the 1st step and the 2nd step;
In the 1st step, the top forging the base material is stretched out the original shape portion of raised part;
In the 2nd step, after the 1st step, above-mentioned original shape portion is flattened from overhanging direction and rightabout, raised part is stretched out to the side.
22. die forging method pressurizes to forging the base material in forge mould, its plasticity is flowed form shape, obtains the formed products of top tubular, it is characterized in that, has A step, B step and C step;
In the A step, on one side with the outer peripheral face of die cavity face shaping drum portion, the tube end surface is applied back pressure on one side, drift is pressed into the central portion that forges the base material, release from the rear, be configured as a portion;
In the B step, when taking out above-mentioned formed products, extract the above-mentioned drift that shaping drum portion uses earlier;
In the C step, after the B step, from the mould that the above-mentioned tube portion outer peripheral face that is shaped is used, extract above-mentioned formed products.
23., it is characterized in that the cooled formed products of above-mentioned forging is made of the brass material with following crystalline structure as each described die forging method in the claim 1 to 23:
(a) to reach the area ratio of β phase mutually be more than 20% to alpha+beta;
(b) to reach the average crystallite particle diameter of β phase mutually be below the 15 μ m to α;
(c) the Sn concentration of β in mutually is more than 1.5wt%.
24., it is characterized in that the cooled formed products of above-mentioned forging is made of the brass material with following crystalline structure as each described die forging method in the claim 1 to 23:
(a) to reach the area ratio of γ phase mutually be 3～30% to α+γ;
(b) the average crystallite particle diameter of α phase is below the 15 μ m, and the average crystallite particle diameter of the minor axis of γ phase is below 8 μ m;
(c) the Sn concentration of γ in mutually is more than 8wt%.
(d) grain of the α phase γ phase that is scattered here and there in the circle.
25., it is characterized in that the cooled formed products of above-mentioned forging is made of the brass material with following crystalline structure as each described die forging method in the claim 1 to 23:
(a) to reach the area ratio of α phase mutually be 40～94% to alpha+beta+γ, and the area ratio that β reaches the α phase mutually is respectively 3～30%;
(b) α is below the 15 μ m with β average crystallite particle diameter mutually mutually, and the average crystallite particle diameter of the minor axis of γ phase is below 8 μ m;
(c) the Sn concentration of γ in mutually is more than 8wt%.
(d) γ surrounds the α phase mutually.
26., it is characterized in that above-mentioned forging base material is the brass material as each described die forging method in the claim 1 to 25, comprising above-mentioned forging base material and above-mentioned forging mould are heated to 300～550 ℃, the operation of forging.
27. die forging method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, above-mentioned brass material, and apparent Zn amount is 37～50wt%, the Sn amount is 1.7～2.2wt%; In the said temperature zone, the average crystallite particle diameter that has minor axis in the crystalline structure is the following γ phases of 15 μ m.
CN99808751A 1998-07-24 1999-07-23 Die forging method Pending CN1309592A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (20)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP209173/1998 1998-07-24
JP10209173A JP2000042674A (en) 1998-07-24 1998-07-24 Method and device for forging brass stock, and brass water-discharge appliance
JP10275792A JP2000102834A (en) 1998-09-29 1998-09-29 Tubular pedestaland manufacturing method therefor
JP275792/1998 1998-09-29
JP28463798 1998-10-06
JP284637/1998 1998-10-06
JP345562/1998 1998-12-04
JP34556298A JP2000176596A (en) 1998-10-06 1998-12-04 Bronze impeller and its production
JP368149/1998 1998-12-24
JP36814998A JP2000193501A (en) 1998-12-24 1998-12-24 Flowmeter, method and apparatus for producting metal molding
JP70155/1999 1999-03-16
JP11070155A JP2000263178A (en) 1999-03-16 1999-03-16 Die forging method and die forging apparatus
JP70156/1999 1999-03-16
JP11070156A JP2000263179A (en) 1999-03-16 1999-03-16 Die forging method and die forging apparatus
JP7667299 1999-03-19
JP76672/1999 1999-03-19
JP11122856A JP2000314157A (en) 1999-04-28 1999-04-28 Spout apparatus and its manufacturing method
JP122856/1999 1999-04-28
JP15729799 1999-06-04
JP157297/1999 1999-06-04

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