CN1308697A - 造纸添加剂 - Google Patents

造纸添加剂 Download PDF

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CN1308697A
CN1308697A CN99808242A CN99808242A CN1308697A CN 1308697 A CN1308697 A CN 1308697A CN 99808242 A CN99808242 A CN 99808242A CN 99808242 A CN99808242 A CN 99808242A CN 1308697 A CN1308697 A CN 1308697A
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CN1143915C (zh
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塔皮奥·维赫瓦拉
凯里·卢科南
韦科·尼尼瓦拉
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Caimi Gate Partnership
BASF Schweiz AG
BASF SE
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    • D21H17/25—Cellulose
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    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
    • D21H17/28—Starch
    • D21H17/29—Starch cationic
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    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
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Abstract

本发明的目的是一种造纸添加剂,使用这种造纸添加剂可以减轻纸张的粉尘化倾向。该添加剂以降低了分子大小的淀粉为基础,而且所述淀粉用季氮化合物阳离子化,从而带有低于1.5mEkv/g的电荷。该添加剂在纸幅形成之前加到造纸的纤维纸浆中。

Description

造纸添加剂
本发明涉及一种造纸添加剂，该添加剂在造纸过程中的纸幅形成步骤之前加到纤维纸浆中。使用该添加剂，可使纸张减轻粉尘化倾向。此外，还发现该添加剂使纸幅形成阶段的脱水容易，提高填料的保持力，并且有利于脱除那些累积于造纸机水循环系统的有害物质。该添加剂还增加成品纸的强度，包括干强度和湿强度。通过使用本发明的造纸添加剂，还可以看到纸张的适印性，尤其是对喷墨印刷的适印性提高了。
在成品纸中遇到的问题，是成品纸的高粉尘形成倾向，其原因是从纸表面释放出来的纤维微粒和填料微粒。粉尘已在造纸的干燥阶段，尤其在处理纸张的机器和设备如在印刷设备中产生了问题。印刷方法本身也在发展，这意味着更高的机器速度和更长的印刷系列。高速度聚集了形成的粉尘，而长印刷系列降低了停留时间，这其间可能需要清理设备。
为了解决粉尘化问题而使用的已知方法，通常是以在纸幅形成之前向纤维纸浆中加入的化学品为基础的。使用矿物蜡和微晶蜡、上浆剂如AKD和ASA分散体、湿强度树脂和纸浆上浆淀粉是已知的。尽管有这些已知的方法，但纸张粉尘化还是一个严重的问题。
现已意外地发现，通过本发明的在纸幅形成之前向纤维纸浆中加入的添加剂，可以大大地减轻纸张的粉尘化。
本发明的添加剂以淀粉为基础，为适用于本发明，所述的淀粉已被改性，即降低其分子的大小并与适宜的氮化合物反应，为淀粉提供适当的正电荷水平。
通过氧化，如过氧化物氧化，可有利地降低淀粉分子的大小。降低淀粉分子的大小要适当地来进行，以便5％的淀粉悬浮液在60℃的粘度介于10-400mPas(Brookfield)的范围，优选100-400mPas，更优选100-200mPas。举例来说，这可以通过在微碱性反应条件下用剂量约为淀粉干物质0.02-0.3％的过氧化氢来实现。所需要的降解度还与所需的最终产品的正电荷相关联，因为增加正电荷就降低最终产品的粘度。在分子大小和正电荷之间还存在相互依赖关系，这种相互依赖关系会影响淀粉在造纸机中的性能。
经处理而具有所需粘度水平的淀粉，随后用本发明的季氮化合物处理，以便使其正电荷水平低于1.5，优选介于0.36-1.46之间，特别优选介于0.72-1.10mEkv/g之间，由此，使用季氮阳离子化化学品时的氮含量为0.5-2.5，相当于1.0-1.5％。用阳离子化溶液，可有利地制备产品，其中将淀粉以粒状加到阳离子化处理液中，处理条件这样选择，以使淀粉在处理过程中完全溶解。这方面的基本处理变量是需要阳离子化的淀粉浓度、适宜的碱度和升高的温度。适宜的碱剂量(NaOH)约为淀粉干物质的1.5-3％，而适宜的温度约为60-80℃。反应混合物的干物质含量最好超过50％，这样可获得高产量的最终产品。适宜的季氮阳离子化化合物为2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵，其用量应约为淀粉量的10-40％。
用下面的实施例来解释本发明的可操作性，在这些实施例中检测了纸张的性能，所检测的性能在不同的纸张处理条件下对纸张的粉尘化有影响。纸张不在应用过程中长时间使用，要测量纸张的粉尘化倾向同样是个难题。但是，已知粉尘形成倾向一般与纸张的强度参数相关，而这些强度参数，如Dennison、IGT和Scott Bond是可以测量的。
实施例1
在这个实施例中，测试是在实际尺寸的印刷条件下，使用在新闻纸造纸机上制造的纸张进行的。纸张是在生产量为700吨/24小时的新闻纸造纸机上，用压缩碎木纸浆和热磨机械浆制造的。在纸幅形成之前，于泵的吸入一侧按1.5-2.5kg/吨的剂量，将本发明的淀粉基化学物质混入纸浆混合机中的纸浆中。然后将按该方法制造的纸张在印刷厂印刷，由此可以证实两次清洁印刷辊之间的间隔由80000份增加至350000份。所用的添加剂要加工过，以使氧化降解至可用粘度水平(100-200mPas，5％，60℃，Brookfield)的淀粉，用2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵按25％淀粉干物质的用量阳离子化。淀粉的氮含量为1.5％(带有1.07mEkv/g的电荷)。作为一种特性，还测量纸张的Scott Bond值，该值表示层间的强度(结合强度)。这些值作为添加剂剂量的函数，由附图1给出。与所进行的粉尘测量相比较，可以证实ScottBond值明显地与粉尘化特性和适印性相关。
实施例2
在生产量约为800吨/24小时的新闻纸造纸机上进行系列测试。所用的纸浆组合物的TMP/DIP(热磨机械纸浆/脱墨纸浆)为50/50。测试运行持续24小时，期间监测不同用量添加剂时强度值的变化。所用的添加剂要加工过，以使氧化降解至约100-200mPas粘度水平(5％，60℃，Brookfield)的淀粉，被2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵按15％淀粉干物质的用量阳离子化。淀粉的氮含量为1.0％(带有0.72mEkv/g的电荷)。
结果见下面的表1
添加剂         Scott Bond   Dennison  IGT       破裂度
剂量，kg/t        J/m2      m/s      kPam2/g
1.    0           198.6      7.0      1.36      1.38
2.    0           190.6      7.0      1.30      1.45
3.    1           195.4      8.0      1.77      1.47
4.    1.4         205.9      7.0      1.95      1.42
5.    1.8         194.0      9.0      1.33      1.51
6.    1.4         297.6      9.0      1.26      1.44
7.    3           238.3      9.5      1.53      1.47
8.    3           304.3      10.0     1.56      1.41
9.    3           299.9      9.5      1.57      1.52
10.   3           213.5      9.0      1.22      1.50
11.   3           227.4      9.0      1.50      1.48
12.   3           225.6      9.0      1.59      1.48
13.   3           207.6      9.0      1.60      1.56
14.   3           241.1      9.0      1.49      1.52
15.   3.5         280.1      9.0      1.57      1.49
16.   4           260.6      9.0      1.36      1.53
17.   0           246.9      8.0      1.26      1.42
18.   0           212.8      8.0      1.18      1.41
从结果可以看出，使用本发明的产品可以影响纸张的强度特性，进而影响纸张的粉尘化特性。
实施例3
在生产量约为400吨/24小时的新闻纸造纸机上进行持续两周的测试运行。用过氧化物漂白过的碎木作为纸张的原料。在整个的测试运行中，将常规纸浆淀粉按10-13kg/吨的量加到纸浆中。测试运行为期12天(测试天数为3-14天)，期间除加入常规纸浆淀粉之外，还在纸幅形成之前按2.5kg/吨的量加入了本发明的添加剂，该添加剂与实施例1的添加剂的方式类似。在试验印刷机，用每天得到的纸张样品进行每4000页一个系列的印刷，从这些印刷系列中测试粉尘量。测试结果已用条形图示于附图2中。结果表明，忽略造纸中存在常规的内上浆剂的事实，粉尘量明显地降低了，所述的内上浆剂可能部分地参与了降低粉尘化。
实施例4
通过运行新闻纸(30-40g/m2)，在新闻纸造纸机上进行测试运行，该新闻纸的纤维基础是压缩碎木纸浆、热磨机械纸浆、化学纸浆和脱墨纸浆。在酸性pH范围运行造纸机。用膨润土/PAM微粒作为保持体系。于泵的吸入一侧，将实施例1的添加剂按1.0kg/吨加到混合容器中。
用粉尘测量设备(MB Linting Dusting Tester)直接监测成品纸的行为。结果见附图3。可以看出，与对应的不含本发明添加剂的纸张(测试点1-6)相比，含本发明添加剂的纸张(测试点7-12)的粉尘化降低了50-60％。
与制造不含本发明添加剂的纸张相比，还可以在造纸机的运行中看到差异。尤其是脱水性提高了，这本身表明减低了干燥阶段的蒸汽需求量。此外，还可以发现对保持力的有利影响，即降低保持力辅助剂(聚丙烯酰胺，PAM)约50％。

Claims (6)

1.纸幅形成之前加到纤维纸浆中的造纸添加剂，该添加剂由淀粉制成，所述淀粉的分子量被降低至其粘度水平为10-500，优选100-200mPas(5％，60℃，布鲁尔菲尔德粘度计)，并用季氮化合物将所述的淀粉阳离子化，其特征在于阳离子化进行至带电量低于1.5mEkv/g。
2.根据权利要求1的添加剂，其特征在于阳离子化进行至带电量为0.36-1.46mEkv/g。
3.根据权利要求1的添加剂，其特征在于阳离子化进行至带电量为0.72-1.10mEkv/g(1-1.54％N)。
4.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项的添加剂，其特征在于所进行的阳离子化按溶液阳离子化来进行，使得反应混合物的干物质含量超过50％。
5.根据前述权利要求1-4中任一项的添加剂，其特征在于通过氧化，优选通过过氧化物氧化，来进行淀粉的降解。
6.一种通过向进料到纸幅形成的纤维纸浆中加入降低纸张粉尘化倾向的化合物而降低纸张粉尘化的方法，其特征在于根据前述权利要求1-5中任一项的添加剂，作为降低粉尘化倾向的化合物，按1.0-3.0kg/吨的量加到纤维纸浆中。
CNB998082422A 1998-07-10 1999-07-07 造纸添加剂和降低纸张粉尘化的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1143915C (zh)

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CN102660900A (zh) * 2012-05-04 2012-09-12 陕西科技大学 一种两性玉米淀粉微晶蜡/akd中/碱性施胶剂的制备方法

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CN102660900A (zh) * 2012-05-04 2012-09-12 陕西科技大学 一种两性玉米淀粉微晶蜡/akd中/碱性施胶剂的制备方法
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CA2336869C (en) 2009-12-22
RU2220247C2 (ru) 2003-12-27
FI990227A0 (fi) 1999-02-05
AU749481B2 (en) 2002-06-27
MXPA00012830A (es) 2002-04-24
ATE457042T1 (de) 2010-02-15
NO329998B1 (no) 2011-02-07
JP4503178B2 (ja) 2010-07-14
CA2336869A1 (en) 2000-01-20
ES2339516T3 (es) 2010-05-20
AU749481C (en) 2003-03-20

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