CN1305814C - Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant - Google Patents
Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant Download PDFInfo
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- CN1305814C CN1305814C CNB2004100467072A CN200410046707A CN1305814C CN 1305814 C CN1305814 C CN 1305814C CN B2004100467072 A CNB2004100467072 A CN B2004100467072A CN 200410046707 A CN200410046707 A CN 200410046707A CN 1305814 C CN1305814 C CN 1305814C
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- perchlorate
- nitrate
- oxidant
- organic
- firecracker
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a novel firecracker oxidant which is a multiple compound formed by two or more than two kinds of nitrate and one or several kinds of perchlorate, wherein the perchlorate and an organic enwrapping agent are uniformly enwrapped at the surface of nitric acid complex salt to form a layer of dense complex film. The present invention solves the difficult problems that the nitrate can easily absorb the moisture and does not have enough explosion sensitivity. Particularly, the present invention can simultaneously replace potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate, and solves the safety problem in the production of a firecracker. The present invention has the advantages of low cost, good economic benefit of an enterprise, novel recipe and manufacture process, high science content, good technical performance and wide popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an oxidant and a color-luster agent in the production of fireworks and firecrackers.
Background
The fireworks and firecrackers production has a long history in China, the invention of gunpowder lays the foundation of the fireworks and firecrackers production, and for thousands of years, nitrate is used as an oxidant in the fireworks and firecrackers production, but the nitrate has the defects of high moisture absorption rate and insufficient explosion sensitivity, and cannot be stored for a long time. The appearance of potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate leads the firework production to enter a brand new development stage, but the following safety accidents are also very prominent, mainly because the potassium chlorate is very sensitive to friction, impact and heating. The potassium perchlorate is also highly sensitive to friction and impact under heating, and therefore, the joint issuance of official agencies and police officials requires that the use of potassium chlorate in the production of fireworks is prohibited. The research, developmentand production of potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate substitute products become an imminent problem, and have great influence on the development of the whole firework industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the problems that potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate are adopted as oxidants in the existing firework firecracker production, the potassium chlorate and the potassium perchlorate are very sensitive to friction, impact and heating, the fireworks and firecrackers are easy to explode, and the life and property safety of people is seriously threatened are solved; the novel firework oxidant can simultaneously replace potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate, solve the safety problem of explosion caused by overhigh sensitivity of medicines in firework production, reduce the production cost of firework enterprises and improve the economic benefit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the novel firework and firecracker oxidant is a multi-element compound formed by two or more of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, barium nitrate, strontium nitrate and copper nitrate and one or more of potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, strontium perchlorate and copper perchlorate, wherein in the multi-element compound, perchlorate and an organic wrapping agent are uniformly wrapped on the surface of a nitric acid double salt to form a layer of compact composite film.
In the technical scheme, the weight percentages of the components are as follows: the nitrate double salt, the perchlorate and the organic coating agent are 64 to 89 percent, 10 to 35 percent and 0.2 to 2 percent.
In the above technical scheme, the organic encapsulating agent can be a polypropylene ester polymer, or stearate, or an octadecylamine compound.
In the above technical scheme, the nitric acid double salt has 1: 1 type, 1: 2 type or 1: 4 type, wherein 1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 4 refer to the molar ratio of metal ions to gold ions, for example: the 1: 1 nitrate double salt has KNa (NO)3)2，K(NH4)(NO3)2，BaSr(NO3)4，BaCu(NO3)4，KBa(NO3)3，KSr(NO3)4(ii) a The 1: 2 type nitrate double salt has K2Ba(NO3)4，K2Sr(NO3)4，Na2Ba(NO3)4The 1: 4 type nitrate double salt has Ba (NH)4)4(NO3)6，Cu(NH4)4(NO3)6And so on.
Manufacturing method
The novel firework and firecracker oxidant is prepared by compounding or double decomposition reaction of two or more of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, barium nitrate, strontium nitrate and copper nitrate and one or more of potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, strontium perchlorate and copper perchlorate according to a proportion to form a compound, drying and crushing the compound to-220-300 meshes, then carrying out organic extraction by using an organic solvent containing an organic coating agent, enabling the perchlorate to enter an organic phase, and carrying out vacuum distillation and recovery on the organic solvent.
According to the invention, the surface of the nitrate double salt is coated with a layer of compact composite film formed by perchlorate and organic coating agent, so that the moisture absorption rate of the product is reduced to be within 0.2-2%, the product is not easy to agglomerate after long-term storage, the service performance is unchanged, and the problems of easy moisture absorption and insufficient explosion sensitivity of nitrate as an oxidant are solved. The novel firecracker oxidant of the invention has the dosage of 50-55 percent of the total weight of raw materials in firecracker production, the single explosive loading of the firecracker is 0.06-0.08 g, the firecracker explosive ratio is more than 98 percent, the sound value is about 120 decibels, the paper breaking rate and the color light are superior to those of firecrackers made of potassium chlorate, when the novel firecracker oxidant of the invention is used for producing fireworks, fireworks and pot flowers, the explosion ratio reaches 100 percent, compared with potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate products, the novel firecracker oxidant has brighter color light, longer setting-off time, larger luminous radius and lower production cost. The novel firework oxidant is used for firework production, the product performance is detected by a safety quality supervision and detection center of fireworks and crackers products in Hunan province and a quality supervision, inspection and test center of fireworks and crackers in Ministry of agriculture, all indexes reach and are superior to national standards, and the friction sensitivity and the impact sensitivity of the product are respectively grade B and grade C, so that the probability of safety accidents caused by friction and impact is greatly reduced, and the safety of the fireworks and crackers in the processes of production, storage, transportation and setting off is improved.
Detailed Description
1) With Ba (NO)3)2、KNO3、NaNO3、NH4NO3、Sr(NO3)2、Cu(NO3)2The binary composition is weighed and measured according to 64-89 percent of the total weight of the oxidant, dissolved by water and prepared into boiling waterSaturated solution at the point temperature;
2) by KClO4、NaClO4、NH4ClO4、Ba(ClO4)2、Sr(ClO4)2、Cu(ClO4)2One or two of the above-mentioned components are weighed according to 10% -35% of total weight of oxidant, and dissolved by water to prepare saturated solution under the boiling point temperature;
3) mixing and stirring the saturated solutions of the two solutions 1) and 2) at the boiling point temperature in a reaction kettle to carry out a composite reaction or double decomposition reaction for about 1 hour to generate a multi-element compound;
namely: nitrate + nitrate → recombination reaction
Such as: ；
nitrate + perchlorate → metathesis reaction
Such as: ；
4) drying the generated multi-element compound in a drying oven, and then crushing the multi-element compound to-200 meshes-300 meshes;
5) adding an organic coating agent into an organic solvent of isopropanol or n-butanol containing tetrahydrofuran: a polyacrylate polymer or stearate or octadecylamine compound;
6) adding the multi-element compound generated in the step 3) into an organic solvent 5) containing an organic coating agent, stirring, dissolving and extracting to enable perchlorate to enter an organic phase, reacting for about 1 hour, controlling the temperature to be between 50 and 70 ℃, then carrying out vacuum distillation and recovery on the organic solvent, and finally uniformly coating a layer of compact composite film formed by the perchlorate and the organic coating agent on the surface of the nitric acid double salt to obtain the novel firework and firecracker oxidant.
The above-mentioned composite reaction, double decomposition reaction, extraction method and vacuum distillation recovery method are all the general chemical methods in the prior art, for example, the extraction method, the basic knowledge of the first section of solvent extraction, P184-188, rare earth hydrometallurgy technology, 1986, is introduced. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "extraction" is understood to mean the separation of the perchlorate from the complex of nitrate and perchlorate by means of an organic solvent. The vacuum distillation recovery method utilizes the volatile characteristic of the organic solvent to distill and recover, and the organic solvent is finally separated from nitrate, perchlorate and organic inclusion agent and evaporated and recovered.
Example 1: the novel firework and firecracker oxidant mainly comprises a 1: 2 type nitric acid compound formed by barium nitrate and potassium nitrate, wherein a compact composite film formed by potassium perchlorate and organic coating agent polybutyl acrylate is uniformly coated on the surface of the nitric acid compound, and the novel firework and firecracker oxidant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: barium nitrate, potassium perchlorate and polybutyl acrylate in 45-42-12-1 wt%, and the prepared fireworks and firecrackers oxidant has moisture absorption rate within 0.2-0.8% and oxygen content within 34-36%.
Example 2: the novel firework and firecracker oxidant is mainly a 1: 2 type nitric acid compound formed by strontium nitrate and potassium nitrate, a layer of compact composite film formed by potassium perchlorate, strontium perchlorate and organic coating agent octadecylamine is uniformly coated on the surface of the nitric acid compound, and the novel firework and firecracker oxidant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: strontium nitrate, potassium perchlorate, strontium perchlorate and octadecylamine are 40 percent, 39 percent, 10 percent and 1 percent. The novel firework and firecracker oxidant can replace potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate and strontium carbonate, is used as a red light agent in firework and firecracker production, and has the advantages of brighter color light, longer setting-off time, larger luminous radius and lower cost.
Example 3: the main component of the novel firework and firecracker oxidant is 1: 4 type copper ammonium nitrate double salt formed by copper nitrate and ammonium nitrate, and a layer of compact composite membrane formed by ammonium perchlorate and organic wrapping agent polybutyl acrylate is uniformly wrapped on the surface of the copper ammonium nitrate double salt. The novel firework and firecracker oxidant comprises 25 wt% of copper nitrate, 60 wt% of ammonium nitrate, 14 wt% of ammonium perchlorate and 1 wt% of polybutyl acrylate. The novel firework oxidant can replace potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate, can also replace a bluing agent-cuprous chloride or cuprous oxide in firework production, is used for producing blue light fireworks, has purer and brighter color, larger luminous radius and longer setting-off time, and solves the problem of impure blue light in firework production for a long time.
Claims (5)
1. A novel firework and firecracker oxidant is characterized in that a multi-element compound is formed by two or more of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, barium nitrate, strontium nitrate and copper nitrate and one or more of potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, strontium perchlorate and copper perchlorate, in the multi-element compound, perchlorate and an organic wrapping agent are uniformly wrapped on the surface of nitric acid double salt to form a layer of compact composite film, and the organic wrapping agent can be a polypropylene ester polymer, or stearate, or an octadecylamine compound.
2. The novel firework oxidant according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentages of the components are as follows: the nitrate double salt, the perchlorate and the organic coating agent are 64 to 89 percent, 10 to 35 percent and 0.2 to 2 percent.
3. The novel firework oxidant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said nitrate double salt is 1: 1 type, 1: 2 type or 1: 4 type, and said 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 4 means the molar ratio of metal ions to gold ions.
4. The method for preparing a novel firework and firecracker oxidant according to claim 1, wherein two or more of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, barium nitrate, strontium nitrate and copper nitrate and one or more of potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, strontium perchlorate and copper perchlorate are compounded or subjected to double decomposition reaction according to a proportion to form a compound, the compound is dried and crushed to minus 220 to 300 meshes, organic solvent containing organic coating agent is used for organic extraction, perchlorate enters into organic phase, and the organic solvent is subjected to vacuum distillation and recovery to obtain the novel firework and firecracker oxidant, wherein a layer of compact composite film formed by perchlorate and organic coating agent is uniformly coated on the surface of the nitrate double salt.
5. The method for producing a novel firework oxidant according to claim 4, wherein the organic solvent is an organic solvent of isopropyl alcohol or n-butyl alcohol containing tetrahydrofuran.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100467072A CN1305814C (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100467072A CN1305814C (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1743297A CN1743297A (en) | 2006-03-08 |
| CN1305814C true CN1305814C (en) | 2007-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004100467072A Expired - Fee Related CN1305814C (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant |
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| CN (1) | CN1305814C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101475422B (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2012-06-20 | 王平安 | Composite oxidizing compound for firework |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101265146B (en) * | 2008-04-27 | 2011-05-18 | 祁阳县梅溪镇第二鞭炮厂 | Environment-friendly type safety fireworks firecracker gun powder oxidant |
| CN101337855B (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2011-06-22 | 湖南金能科技实业有限公司 | Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks and method for preparing same |
| CN101613245B (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2012-05-23 | 湖南南岭民用爆破器材股份有限公司 | Safe oxidant for firecrackers |
| CN105198680A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 万载县载安新材料科技有限公司 | Sulfur-free composite material composition for preparing firecrackers |
| CN106380362B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-13 | 万载县建坤化工有限公司 | A kind of colored flute sound fireworks combination medicament |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048027A (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1990-12-26 | 张振华 | Color series mini-firecrackers |
| WO1997006122A1 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Enhanced performance blasting agent |
| CN1348090A (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2002-05-08 | 欧定锋 | Environment protecting explosive-free safe color-light firecrackers and the production technique |
| CN1376893A (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2002-10-30 | 石柏青 | Non-pollution safety fireworks |
| CN1454881A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2003-11-12 | 浏阳市化工厂有限公司 | Firecrackers oxidant |
| CN1490590A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2004-04-21 | 黄远清 | Mixing fireworks and producing method thereof |
-
2004
- 2004-08-30 CN CNB2004100467072A patent/CN1305814C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048027A (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1990-12-26 | 张振华 | Color series mini-firecrackers |
| WO1997006122A1 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Enhanced performance blasting agent |
| CN1348090A (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2002-05-08 | 欧定锋 | Environment protecting explosive-free safe color-light firecrackers and the production technique |
| CN1376893A (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2002-10-30 | 石柏青 | Non-pollution safety fireworks |
| CN1454881A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2003-11-12 | 浏阳市化工厂有限公司 | Firecrackers oxidant |
| CN1490590A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2004-04-21 | 黄远清 | Mixing fireworks and producing method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101475422B (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2012-06-20 | 王平安 | Composite oxidizing compound for firework |
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| CN1743297A (en) | 2006-03-08 |
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Owner name: LONG WENGE; HAN YUEFENG; LIU LIANGSHENG; YE JINSH Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LONG WENGE; HAN YUEFENG; LIU LIANGSHENG; YE JINSHENG Effective date: 20080815 |
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Effective date of registration: 20080815 Address after: No. 109, Xiang Chang Road, Changsha, Hunan: 410014 Co-patentee after: Han Yuefeng Patentee after: Dragon Culture Revolution Co-patentee after: Liu Liangsheng Co-patentee after: Ye Jinsheng Co-patentee after: Li Zonggen Address before: No. 109, Xiang Chang Road, Changsha, Hunan: 410014 Co-patentee before: Han Yuefeng Patentee before: Dragon Culture Revolution Co-patentee before: Liu Liangsheng Co-patentee before: Ye Jinsheng |
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Granted publication date: 20070321 Termination date: 20100830 |